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Active Noise Control (ANC) systems exploit the superposition principle to generate a quiet acoustic zone around a confined area affected by a disturbance signal detected by a monitoring microphone. In automotive applications, the problem of noise within the car cabin has become a hot research topic. Nowadays, most of the commercial solutions generate a silence zone around the position of the monitoring microphone only. Especially for the automotive environment, to weaken disturbance signal at a different position with respect to the monitoring microphone is fundamental. The estimation of the acoustic channel between the monitoring microphone and the physical region in which the noise cancellation is targeted, referred to as observation filter, is necessary. This approach is usually known as microphone virtualization, or Virtual Microphone Technique (VMT) since the audio signal detected by the virtual microphone (e.g., targeting driver's ears) has to be retrieved starting from the monitoring ones. In this paper, a performance comparison between adaptive and fixed approaches to the estimation of the observation filter is presented. The disturbance signals are acquired in an experimental measurement campaign on a realistic car interior. Eight microphones are employed to acquire four different driving scenarios at various pace of the car. Experimental results show that, due the insufficient spectral coherence between the monitoring and virtual microphones, system performance is physically limited. A specific road and car pace scenario typically exhibits significant robustness to road mismatch. In the low frequency regime, both estimation approaches perform well. However, the fixed one guarantees improved broadband performance.

Le monde semble parfois plein de choses terribles. Terrorisme, guerre, catastrophes naturelles, violence, pauvreté... Il semble toutefois que le monde s’efforce, dans une lutte constante, de s’améliorer. Le monde est un endroit diversifié, rempli de personnes aux opinions différentes. Dans ce monde, la violence et la religion sont souvent liées. Mais comment la religion peut-elle montrer ce qu’il y a de bien ? Comment la religion peut-elle montrer ses riches traditions ? Nous essayons dans ce livre de laisser la tradition juive formuler sa propre réponse à cette question. Nous partons ensemble en voyage, et nous découvrirons davantage le judaïsme. nrpages: 53 status: published

The world can seem full of terrible things. Terrorism, war, natural disasters, violence, poverty, … It seems as if the world is in a constant struggle to better itself. Young religious people today live in a diverse world which sees religion to often misused and abused to condone violence. EDUC8 is a religious education project created for secondary schools and extracurricular contexts. Its aim is building resilience in young religious people against radicalizing and polarizing perspectives, from within the religious traditions. nrpages: 104 status: published

Le monde semble parfois plein de choses terribles. Terrorisme, guerre, catastrophes naturelles, violence, pauvreté... Il semble toutefois que le monde s’efforce, dans une lutte constante, de s’améliorer. Les personnes jeunes et pieuses d’aujourd’hui vivent dans un monde diversifié où la religion est souvent utilisée à tort pour excuser la violence. EDUC8 est un projet d’éducation religieuse pour les écoles secondaires et les contextes extrascolaires. Il a pour but de permettre aux personnes jeunes et pieuses de résister aux perspectives de radicalisation et de polarisation, au sein même des traditions religieuses. nrpages: 103 status: published

De wereld lijkt soms vol verschrikkelijke dingen. Terrorisme, oorlog, natuurrampen, geweld, armoede, ... Het lijkt wel of de wereld in een voortdurende strijd is om zichzelf te verbeteren. Jonge religieuze mensen leven vandaag in een diverse wereld waarin religie vaak wordt misbruikt om geweld te vergoelijken. EDUC8 is een religieus onderwijsproject voor middelbare scholen en buitenschoolse contexten. Het heeft als doel jonge religieuze mensen weerbaar te maken tegen radicaliserende en polariserende perspectieven, vanuit de religieuze tradities zelf. nrpages: 104 status: published

The world can seem full of terrible things. Terrorism, war, natural disasters, violence, poverty, … It seems as if the world is in a constant struggle to better itself. The world is a diverse place, full of people with different views. In this world, violence and religion are often linked together. But how can religion show something good? How can religion show its rich tradition? In this book we try and let the Jewish tradition formulate its own answer to this question. We will journey together and discover more about Judaism. nrpages: 67 status: published

ispartof: In the Wonderful Garden of Religions/Philosopies. An Inner Perspective. Teacher's Book pages:14-31 ispartof: pages:14-31 status: published

In this paper, a performance analysis of FeedBack (FB) Active Noise Control (ANC) systems for automotive applications is presented. Noise cancellation is obtained from a fixed controller, heuristically designed using concepts from control theory. An experimental setup, representative of a headrest of a car seat with loudspeaker-microphone distance on the order of a few centimeters, has been developed to limit the system delay. The experimental band-limited noise source has been obtained from an idling car. Our results show that the proposed system guarantees appreciable peak noise cancellation and simultaneously avoids noise amplification outside the band of interest.

Since the ground-breaking discovery that in-egg light exposure triggers the emergence of visual lateralisation, domestic chicks became a crucial model for research on the interaction of environmental and genetic influences for brain development. In domestic chick embryos, light exposure induces neuroanatomical asymmetries in the strength of visual projections from the thalamus to the visual Wulst. Consequently, the right visual Wulst receives more bilateral information from the two eyes than the left one. How this impacts visual Wulst’s physiology is still unknown. This paper investigates the visual response properties of neurons in the left and right Wulst of dark- and light-incubated chicks, studying the effect of light incubation on bilaterally responsive cells that integrate information from both eyes. We recorded from a large number of visually responsive units, providing the first direct evidence of lateralisation in the neural response properties of units of the visual Wulst. While we confirm that some forms of lateralisation are induced by embryonic light exposure, we found also many cases of light-independent asymmetries. Moreover, we found a strong effect of in-egg light exposure on the general development of the functional properties of units in the two hemispheres. This indicates that the effect of embryonic stimulation goes beyond its contribution to the emergence of some forms of lateralisation, with influences on the maturation of visual units in both hemispheres.

Non-targeted screening with LC/ESI/HRMS aims to identify the structure of the detected compounds using their retention time, exact mass, and fragmentation pattern. Challenges remain in differentiating between isomeric compounds. One untapped possibility to facilitate identification of isomers relies on different ionic species formed in electrospray. In positive ESI mode, both protonated molecules and adducts can be formed; however, not all isomeric structures form the same ionic species. The complicated mechanism of adduct formation has hindered the use of this molecular characteristic in the structural elucidation in non-targeted screening. Here, we have studied the adduct formation for 94 small molecules with ion mobility spectra and compared collision cross-sections of the respective ions. Based on the results we developed a fast support vector machine classifier with polynomial kernels for accurately predicting the sodium adduct formation in ESI/HRMS. The model is trained on five independent data sets from different laboratories and uses the graph-based connectivity of functional groups and PubChem fingerprints to predict the sodium adduct formation in ESI/HRMS. The validation of the model showed an accuracy of 74.7% (balanced accuracy 70.0%) on a dataset from an independent laboratory, which was not used in the training of the model. Lastly, we applied the classification algorithm to the SusDat database by NORMAN network to evaluate the proportion of isomeric compounds that could be distinguished based on predicted sodium adduct formation. It was observed that sodium adduct formation probability can provide additional selectivity for about one quarter of the exact masses and, therefore, shows practical utility for structural assignment in non-targeted screening.

A new simplified behavior theory is proposed to address inversion-based control for linear, nonminimum-phase SISO systems. The chosen space of signals is the set of piecewise C ∞ -functions and input–output pairs (as weak solutions) satisfy a differential–integral equation with additional smoothness requirements. A related key result is the output–input (or inverse) representation of the behavior set that leads to the solution of a general stable inversion problem where polynomially unbounded, noncausal desired outputs are allowed. It is shown that this problem has a solution if and only if the smoothness degree of the desired output is greater than or equal to the system relative degree minus one. When this straightforward condition is satisfied, a closed-form expression provides the inverse input. Then, an analysis on preaction and postaction control follows. Two examples are included showing the relevance of output signal design in control applications.