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Ecosystems globally have reached critical tipping points because of climate change, urbanization, unsustainable resource consumption, and pollution. In response, international agreements have set targets for conserving 30% of global ecosystems and restoring 30% of degraded lands and waters by 2030 (30×30). In 2021, the United States set a target to jointly conserve and restore 30% of US lands and waters by 2030, with a specific goal to restore coastal ecosystems, namely wetlands, seagrasses, coral and oyster reefs, and mangrove and kelp forests, to increase resilience to climate change. Although US efforts to conserve and restore coastal ecosystems have increased in recent decades, critical knowledge gaps about the effectiveness of past and current efforts remain. To address key knowledge gaps, we first collated information on current and historic extent and drivers of change for wetlands, seagrasses, coral and oyster reefs, and mangrove and kelp forests in the United States. We then synthesized guiding principles from the literature for restoration practitioners to evaluate ecosystem trade‐offs, sustain and enhance ecosystem connectivity, bolster climate resilience, and promote social equity. Significant investment in standardized ecosystem mapping and monitoring and multispecies, landscape‐scale restoration efforts can improve resilience of coastal ecosystems to climate change and help the United States achieve its 30×30 target. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Pasos: Revista de Turismo y Patrimonio Cultural is the property of Universidad de La Laguna, Instituto Universitario de Ciencias Politicas y Sociales and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

La costa de Galicia (España) acoge una serie de espacios funerarios cuyo estudio ha permitido constatar la pervivencia en el noroeste peninsular de ciertas necrópolis de época romana o tardorromana con posterioridad al s. V d.C. Estos cementerios, diseminados de forma irregular a lo largo del litoral gallego, presentan un uso continuado o intermitente del espacio hasta por lo menos el s. VII, con algunos ejemplos concretos que se mantienen tras los primeros siglos de la Alta Edad Media. Aunque se trata de un grupo reducido y heterogéneo, su estudio ha permitido constatar la pervivencia de ciertas costumbres, así como la evolución y desaparición de algunas prácticas, evidenciando las transformaciones sufridas por estos espacios a lo largo del tiempo. El presente artículo expone los resultados obtenidos del estudio de estos cementerios, analizando si los cambios en las costumbres funerarias se produjeron de forma gradual y paulatina, como sugieren las directrices y prohibiciones recogidas en los concilios eclesiásticos de los s. VI-VII; o si, por el contrario, se trató de una transformación abrupta, asociada quizás a la presencia de nuevos credos y contingentes humanos.

Cocoa cultivation is one of the sectors that most contributes to Ecuador's GDP. The aim of this study is to determine the Land-Use Conflict (UC) for cocoa in 71 cities on the coast of Ecuador. Photointerpretation has been applied to locate the crop and geospatial modeling has been used to analyze Land Use Capacity (LUC) criteria, agroecological requirements and LUC at 1:5,000. Of the total study surface area, 4.65% is occupied by cocoa crops and of this value 66.03% is in adequate use (AU) and 33.97% in LUC, and the category of UC over lightly used is the most frequent with 17.25% of the total surface in LUC. In the coastal region, the province of Guayas has the lowest LUC in contrast to Los Rios; the predominant LUC for the crop is Class III 34.32%. The findings show that the LUC of cocoa has a low concordance with the national Agroecological Zoning (AZ), since this model considers the crop in natural conditions, the main limiting factor is the vegetative wet period and does not take into account whether the crop is present in the territory. The use of national AZ information to establish crops could limit their production, since it has been demonstrated that there are cultivated areas that are not in conflict and that are exploited by farmers. This study is replicable to other crops and scalable to any area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The urbanization of the city of San Francisco de Campeche influences the formation of urban heat islands due to construction materials, buildings and structures, human activities, lack of vegetation, and transportation infrastructure. Heat islands have negative consequences such as increased energy consumption and heat stress for the population, contributing to climate change due to increased greenhouse gas emissions caused by additional energy demand. Cities such as Sydney, Beijing, Nanjing, Moscow, and Hong Kong are implementing urban planning strategies that promote urban vegetation, the use of reflective building materials, the improvement of public transport, and the promotion of energy efficiency in buildings. Landsat satellite images were used to analyze population growth and urban sprawl to identify heat islands, and a vegetation index analysis was also made. Regarding the analyses, it was recognized that the temperature increased by approximately 6°C between 1990 and 2022. There has also been a decrease in vegetation due to the urban sprawl and housing growth, quadrupling the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) in the 0-0.25 class for the same period. Finally, mitigation measures are proposed to counteract the effects caused by heat islands in the city. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Osteochondromas are common asymptomatic lesions. The development of chondroid malignancies from cartilage caps has rarely been described. Costal osteochondromas are relatively rare lesions. The incidence of osteochondromas in flat bones is approximately less than 5% of all osteochondromas. Osteochondroma originating from two adjacent ribs and forming a joint with each other is a phenomenon described for the first time in the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

En este trabajo se presentan los resultados de los estudios arqueológicos realizados en el sitio Alero El Veneciano 1, ubicado en la cuenca inferior del río Deseado, en la Patagonia Argentina. Se trata de un contexto de ocupación asignable al Holoceno tardío emplazado en un abrigo rocoso ubicado en un espacio no estrictamente litoral, a unos tres kilómetros de la costa marina. El registro de bajas frecuencias de artefactos líticos, restos óseos y malacológicos se asociaría con escenarios en los que se infieren ocupaciones redundantes de baja intensidad en el sitio. Ello sustenta y permite discutir con mayor profundidad las tendencias identificadas en otros reparos rocosos registrados a distancias variables respecto de sitios concheros ubicados en las inmediaciones del frente atlántico. En este sentido, las ocupaciones en abrigos emplazados en espacios no estrictamente litorales son interpretadas, entre otros factores, en torno a funcionalidades relacionadas con la conexión entre ambientes costeros e interiores en términos de accesibilidad de recursos por parte de grupos humanos cazadores-recolectores que habitaron la cuenca inferior del río Deseado al menos durante el Holoceno tardío.

La urbanización de la ciudad de San Francisco de Campeche influye en la formación de isla de calor urbano debido a materiales de construcción, edificios y estructuras, actividades humanas, falta de vegetación, e infraestructura de transporte. Las islas de calor tienen consecuencias negativas como aumento en el consumo de energía y un mayor estrés térmico en la población. Además, contribuyen al cambio climático debido al aumento de emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero, causadas por la demanda adicional de energía. Ciudades como Sídney, Beijing, Nanjing, Moscú y Hong Kong están implementando estrategias de planificación urbana que promueven la vegetación urbana, el uso de materiales de construcción reflectantes, la mejora del transporte público y la promoción de la eficiencia energética en edificios. Con el fin de identificar islas de calor se utilizaron imágenes satelitales Landsat. Se analizó el crecimiento de la población y la mancha urbana realizando un análisis de índice de vegetación. En relación con los análisis realizados, se identificó que la temperatura ha aumentado aproximadamente 6°C entre los años 1990 y 2022; así como ha disminuido la vegetación ante el crecimiento de la mancha urbana y las viviendas, cuadruplicando el Índice de Vegetación de Diferencia Normalizada (NDVI) en la clase 0-0.25. Finalmente, se proponen medidas de mitigación para contrarrestar los efectos que causan las islas de calor en la ciudad.

Diverse, abundant and well-preserved mollusk fauna are here reported for the first time from the eastern coast Makram area, where Upper Miocene (Tortonian) sediments of the Dar Pahn Unit crop out, representing shoreface tidal influenced deposits composed mainly of ligh-gray marls. Multiple articulated bivalves and completely preserved the gastropod and bivalve shells indicate little or no transport at all from the original habitat of the mollusk assemblage. A total of 313 specimens, from which 271 correspond to gastropods, were identified only at generic level, since the purpose of this contribution is to offer an introduction to this exceptionally well-preserved mollusk assemblage. Previous studies of the area include detailed nannoplankton biostratigraphy and the report of a balaenopterid cetacean. Future studies include the detailed identification of the specimens, along with sediment analysis in order to find protoconchs and offer an extended version of this introductory report. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of kul-tur: Revista Interdisciplinària Sobre la Cultura de la Ciutat is the property of kul-tur: Revista Interdisciplinaria Sobre la Cultura de la Ciutat and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of ANUARI d' Arquitectura i Societat is the property of Universidad Politecnica de Valencia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A casi un siglo del primer recorrido en vehículo para detectar efectos de la urbanización en el clima local (Viena, Austria, 1927; Karlsruhe, Alemania, 1929) el método sigue vigente como lo evidencian investigaciones recientes. El presente trabajo recupera datos de temperatura atmosférica de dos campañas de mediciones mediante trayectos vehiculares en el oriente de México: de junio a septiembre de 2012 en una ciudad costera (Coatzacoalcos, 320 000 habitantes) y de agosto a noviembre de 2018 en un asentamiento montañoso (Emiliano Zapata, 20 000 habitantes). En ambas campañas se detectó la presencia de la isla de calor urbana, cuya intensidad resultó dependiente del tipo de superficie y de los sistemas de circulación atmosférica predominantes al momento de las mediciones. La intensidad máxima de la isla de calor urbana diurna en el sitio costero es de 8.7 °C y de 3 °C en el periodo nocturno, mientras que en el sitio montañoso fue de hasta 1.9 °C. También se mostró que la intensidad de ambas islas de calor urbana excede a lo estimado estadísticamente para ciudades de Latinoamérica en función de la población.

The authors analyze political cycles of the Portuguese (Lusophone) world, which is based on Portugal-Brazil civilizational axis. The authors seek to prove the existence of synchronicity and parallelism in the context of the movement of political pendulum from right to left and back within the Lusophone world of Iberoamerica. The main thesis of this study is that the Ibero-American transcontinental macro-region is sandwiched between a “left wave” and a “right turn”, with the conclusion that further continuation of the “left wave” with right-wing fluctuations in the current context is going to continue. As far as Portugal is concerned, the case of the municipal elections of September 26, 2021 is used as empirical material and is subjected to a detailed analysis from the perspective of the Portuguese party-political landscape. In addition, some attention is paid to the early parliamentary elections of January 30, 2022 in Portugal. The authors also assess the development of populism in Portugal, given that in European countries, left-wing and right-wing populist movements are gaining popularity. Similarly, the authors consider the results of the 2020 municipal elections, and political situation in Brazil on the eve of the 2022 presidential elections. We give a forecast about further shift to the left of the Ibero-American Lusophone world, if after the confident victory of the Portuguese socialists under the leadership of Costa the socialist president Lula da Silva comes to power in Brazil, and, as a result, about formation of the left-socialist power pole within the framework of the Ibero-American Lusophony.

This article aims to analyze the integration of small towns on the coast of Salgado Paraense into the regional urban network and their specificities in relation to the city-region relationship in the Amazon coastal area. The study adopts an innovative approach, considering the cities' relationship with the sea in the Amazon and the diffusion of technical-scientific and informational means in the territory. The study presents empirical elements on the interactions in the urban network of Vigia, Marapanim, and São João de Pirabas, indicating that the towns maintain predominantly horizontal and solidary relationships. Preliminary results suggest that, in the Salgado Paraense coastal area, there is a predominance of contiguity spaces, allowing a better understanding of the region. The article contributes to the reflection on small towns in Salgado Paraense and highlights the need to understand the regional specificities in the analysis of the urban network. Additionally, it draws attention to the importance of considering the cities' relationship with the sea in the Amazon, still underexplored in geography. The study is structured in three main parts and aims to understand the relationship between the cities and the region in a reality marked by strong interaction with the sea. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article issues are addressed that are derived from the effects of the disarticulation of local productive processes and the emplacement of a collection of assemblages that seek to rearticulate territories through economies of extractive flows. The objective is to analyze views of a single site on the Argentinian coast with actors operating at multiple scales and how those actors influence the urban, metropolitan, and territorial reconversion and redefinition of that space. In the methodology, a historical approach is combined with documentary and journalistic materials and ethnographic work, with in-depth interviews in the fishing community of Remanso Valerio. The study is divided into four views, with which to reconstruct the following: The history of the occupancy of the neighborhood; the relation of the population with the territory and fishing activities; the impacts of the Paraná-Paraguay waterway and of the Rosario-Victoria bridge; and the relationship between the metropolitan strategic planning and the community. It is concluded that the conflicts between the perspective of the fishing community and that of the people carrying out metropolitan planning come from the asymmetries between actors and scales that shape views of the coast. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new species, Diplostephium paposanum S.T.Ibáñez & Muñoz-Schick, sp. nov., is described for Chile, extending the southern distribution of the genus. Its position within the genus was confirmed by morphological and molecular data, discussed here. The new species was found in a coastal environment, new to the genus, and is geographically far removed from the other Chilean species, which are from the Andes. The formation where it occurs, known as lomas, acts as a biodiversity refuge in hyperarid environments. The presence of D. paposanum in this environment contributes to the evidence of a floristic connection between the Atacama Desert and the Neotropical Andes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Se describen cuatro nuevas especies de Scotobiini de Chile, Diastoleus arriagadai Diéguez y Guerrero, sp. nov., Diastoleus diaguita Diéguez y Guerrero, sp. nov., Diastoleus mollensis Guerrero y Diéguez, sp. nov. y Diastoleus vidali Guerrero y Diéguez, sp. nov., pertenecientes a la subfamilia Tenebrioninae. Se proveen caracteres diagnósticos y fotografías de los adultos. Adicionalmente se incluye una clave de identificación y un mapa de distribución para la totalidad de las especies de Diastoleus hasta ahora conocidas.

Background and aims – Tracheophyte leaf morphology is well studied but it is unclear if the findings generalize to poikilohydric plants. We tested combinations of hypotheses to determine if microhabitat characteristics, including light exposure, moisture availability, and substrate slope, controlled for morphological differences between upright and prostrate growth forms, affect phyllid surface area and costa length of mosses.Material and methods – We quantified mean phyllid surface-area and costa lengths for four replicates of 38 moss species from Alabama. Phylogenetic comparative methods that model adaptation were used to evaluate the relative evidence for each hypothesis using information criteria. To further explore mechanistic explanations involving substrate slope, we tested whether mosses on vertical substrates differed from those on horizontal substrates in the average amount of water-retaining, nutrient-rich litter they accumulated.Key results – Substrate slope and growth form combined were the best predictors of phyllid surface area. Mosses growing on vertical substrates exhibited smaller phyllid surface area for both growth forms. Although growth form and phyllid length best explained costa length variation, a more complex model including substrate slope performed nearly as well. Within the prostrate growth forms, species growing on vertical substrates exhibit longer relative costa than those on horizontal substrates. We also estimated rapid rates of adaptation for both traits.Conclusion – The smaller phyllid surface area of both upright and prostrate growth forms is possibly an adaptive response to reduced habitat moisture-retention or nutrient quality that vertical substrates offer. The longer costa lengths of prostrate mosses growing on vertical surfaces relative to prostrate mosses on horizontal surfaces, possibly make up for the decreased ability of smaller phyllids to rapidly reabsorb water when it is available. Further work is required to determine if it is truly substrate slope itself that matters or other variables associated with the differences in slope, and to determine how general this phenomenon is.

En este artículo se realiza un breve recorrido por aquellas imágenes pictóricas contemporáneas que reflejan el perfil costero asturiano. En este sentido, se lleva a cabo un análisis fundamentado en una doble lectura, por un lado, de la geografía elegida como motivo de representación y, por otro, del modo en que la representación topográfica ha sido llevada a la plástica. La finalidad última es la de comprender cuáles han sido los focos de interés, así como entender los modos de aproximación y los lenguajes empleados para ello.

Background. Giant cell tumor is a rare and locally aggressive neoplasm of the long bones in children. Rib is the least frequently affected site, seen in less than 1% of all cases and most of them occur at the posterior arc. Case. A 12-year-old girl presented with swelling and slight pain on the left inferior-anterior chest wall for two years. Physical examination revealed a giant, hard and fixed mass on the left chest wall. Hematological and biochemical test results were in normal limits but slight elevation of alkaline phosphatase level. Computed tomography of the chest showed a large expansive mass and lytic lesion with internal calcification arising from the anterior part of the 7th rib. En-bloc resection was performed including the 6th-8th ribs and a small part of the diaphragm. The pathological evaluation revealed giant cell tumor of bone. Conclusions. Herein, we aim to emphasize that giant cell tumor should be considered in the differential diagnosis of chest wall tumors in childhood whereby en-bloc resection and close follow up would be paramount. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

RESULTS Intactness of Earth's coastal regions No coastal region was free from human influence (i.e., 100% intact) and 15.5% of all coastal regions had low anthropogenic pressure (80-100% intact) (Figure 1). Given the interconnectedness of coastal regions, a clear coastal region target that moves away from small, area-based percentage protection targets and focuses on large effective management targets (and utilizing OECMs and non-area-based management techniques, such as enhanced regulation of degrading activities) would likely improve outcomes for coastal regions globally. Keywords: coast; coastlines; cumulative human impact; human footprint; human pressure; restoration; wilderness; costa; huella humana; impacto humano cumulativo; litoral; presión humana; restauración; tierras vírgenes EN coast coastlines cumulative human impact human footprint human pressure restoration wilderness costa huella humana impacto humano cumulativo litoral presión humana restauración tierras vírgenes 1 12 12 08/01/22 20220801 NES 220801 INTRODUCTION Coastal regions encompass some of the most biodiverse and unique ecosystems on Earth, including coral reefs, kelp forests, seagrass, tidal flats, mangroves, estuaries, salt marshes, wetlands, and coastal wooded habitat (Ray, 1991). In contrast, conserving the remaining intact pockets of coastlines, such as those on the coastal region encompassing Collingwood Bay in Papua New Guinea, which is relied on by local communities for ecosystem services (Skewes et al., 2011), and areas in the Tambelan Archipelago in Indonesia, where the coastal ecosystems are known nurseries for fish species (Yonvitner & Fahmi, 2012), will rely on specific management actions by local communities. [Extracted from the article]

La presente indagación bibliográfica pretende sintetizar información de las bases de reseñas de actividades científicas referente a la dinámica de la morfología de los acantilados a nivel mundial, mediante la recopilación de datos como: referencia bibliográfica, ubicación geográfica, método utilizado en la obtención de la tasa de retroceso, tipos de suelos que reflejan factores intrínsecos como las características físico-mecánicas, mineralógicas, geológicas y geomorfológicas, y factores extrínsecos entre los que podemos citar precipitaciones, clima, fuerza de los vientos, temperatura, acciones químicas del medio ambiente y en especial el cambio climático, que intervienen en la modificación de los acantilados de la línea de costa como consecuencias de erosiones sucesivas y deslizamientos. De la información recabada se obtuvo detalles de cinco países europeos, tres asiáticos, tres africanos, siete de América Latina y uno de Oceanía cuyos datos se encuentran plasmados en POWER ArcGIS. Concluyendo que el continente europeo tiene más información porque posee un sistema de satélites que es controlado por un programa de la Unión Europea de observación, monitorización de la Tierra, generando servicios de información.

Copyright of Revista Proyecto, Progreso, Arquitectura is the property of Proyecto, Progreso, Arquitectura and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Currently, there is no ideal method defined in the repair of complex lateral malleolar defects, and the existing methods (i.e., bone repair, soft tissue or free flap closure) are far from producing functional results in terms of the ultimate recovery of ankle movements. Herein, an operative technique for soft tissue, ligamentous, and osseous reconstruction of fibular defect, using a free vascularized serratus anterior osteomusculocutaneous flap for reconstruction of a fibular deficit and the sixth costa for soft tissue coverage, was described in relation to tissue coverage and functional reconstruction outcome in a 31-year-old male patient with soft tissue and distal fibula defects in the lateral malleolus region caused by a traffic accident. Ankle movement was regained to almost full extent. No complications requiring further intervention was encountered in the donor site or ankle. In conclusion, the described operative technique enabled the repair of functional ligaments of the ankle joint in addition to repair of the soft tissue, lateral malleolus bone and skin defects in one session without the need for further additional operative intervention. Hence, the use of serratus osteomusculocutaneous free flap as a lateral malleolar reconstruction method seems to enable not only the tissue coverage but also to assist with functional reconstruction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Norba: Revista de Arte is the property of Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Extremadura and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

El estudio de las plantas más utilizadas en el Recinto Jauneche, Cantón Palenque, Provincia Los Ríos, Ecuador, tuvo como finalidad conocer la etnobotánica local. Se procedió a realizar un levantamiento de información primaria donde se entrevistaron a tres personas con conocimiento sobre plantas útiles, con los datos de la fase inicial se realizaron encuestas simples a 20 personas de 35 años en adelante, se registró un total de 84 plantas útiles. Una vez obtenida la información se realizó la respectiva clasificación etnobotánica registrando los siguientes usos: medicinal, alimenticia, construcción y rudimentaria (utensilios caseros). Las plantas medicinales fueron las de mayor representatividad con un 57%, seguida por las alimenticias con un 26%, construcción 13% y rudimentaria 4%, con la recolección de muestras se realizó la identificación taxonómica donde se encontraron 37 familias y 61 géneros, la familia con mayor número de especies fueron Lamiaceae y Asteraceae. Estos resultados indican que el uso plantas útiles en el Recinto Jauneche puede ser considerado alto, debido a que se registró información con una muestra de 23 personas solamente, indicando que el conocimiento etnobotánico está presente en los habitantes del recinto Jauneche, aduciendo este factor a la relación cercana que mantienen con el Bosque de la Estación Biológica Pedro Franco Dávila.

Se reporta por primera vez para la especie y para el género las alas acrescentes de las sámaras de Stigmaphyllon nudiflorum, una liana de Malpighiaceae endémica del bosque seco de la provincia del Guayas, en la costa de Ecuador. Además, con base a un estudio previo de la edad e historia biogeográfica de este género y en corelación con el origen de los suelos en donde S. nudiflorum habita, se presenta una hipótesis acerca del origen evolutivo de esta y otras especies relacionadas endémicas del área sureste de la cordillera Chongón-Colonche, en el occidente de Ecuador.

Background and aims - Tracheophyte leaf morphology is well studied but it is unclear if the findings generalize to poikilohydric plants. We tested combinations of hypotheses to determine if microhabitat characteristics, including light exposure, moisture availability, and substrate slope, controlled for morphological differences between upright and prostrate growth forms, affect phyllid surface area and costa length of mosses. Material and methods - We quantified mean phyllid surface-area and costa lengths for four replicates of 38 moss species from Alabama. Phylogenetic comparative methods that model adaptation were used to evaluate the relative evidence for each hypothesis using information criteria. To further explore mechanistic explanations involving substrate slope, we tested whether mosses on vertical substrates differed from those on horizontal substrates in the average amount of water-retaining, nutrient-rich litter they accumulated. Key results - Substrate slope and growth form combined were the best predictors of phyllid surface area. Mosses growing on vertical substrates exhibited smaller phyllid surface area for both growth forms. Although growth form and phyllid length best explained costa length variation, a more complex model including substrate slope performed nearly as well. Within the prostrate growth forms, species growing on vertical substrates exhibit longer relative costa than those on horizontal substrates. We also estimated rapid rates of adaptation for both traits. Conclusion - The smaller phyllid surface area of both upright and prostrate growth forms is possibly an adaptive response to reduced habitat moisture-retention or nutrient quality that vertical substrates offer. The longer costa lengths of prostrate mosses growing on vertical surfaces relative to prostrate mosses on horizontal surfaces, possibly make up for the decreased ability of smaller phyllids to rapidly reabsorb water when it is available. Further work is required to determine if it is truly substrate slope itself that matters or other variables associated with the differences in slope, and to determine how general this phenomenon is. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background Hydraulically efficient xylem was evolved in the vascular plants as an apomorphy of the group. Main xylem components involved in water conduction are tracheid and vessel. Vessels, in which two ends are perforated, constituted major evolutionary innovation within vascular plants, presumably providing more efficient solute conduction. Not all vascular plants have vessels. In pteridophytes vessels are present only in seven genera. The contention lies regarding the presence and distribution of vessel in pteridophytes are the impulsive force of this investigation. Methods Tracheary elements are isolated following the standard maceration technique, then hand-razor cut longisections are passed through the aqueous alcohol grades and air-dried samples are placed on stub, sputter coated with gold and examined with SEM. Results Two thelypteroid ferns viz. Ampelopteris prolifera (Retz.) Copel. and Thelypteris interrupta (Willd.) K. Iwats. are having vessel elements in root, rhizome, stipe, rachis, primary vein/costa, root-rhizome and rhizome-petiole junction i.e. through entire vascular connection of the plant body though the vessel network is interrupted and joined with parenchyma at the end in some places. Presence of vessel elements in the costa of pteridophytic taxa is first time reported by this study. Vessel end-walls are obliquely placed (root, rhizome, and stipe) but oblique to horizontal orientation is noticed in the primary vein/costa. End-walls are with simple, intermediate and compound perforation plates observed through SEM imaging as well as with tissue specific stain. Studied taxa are grown either in terrestrial microclimate of two contrasting environments i.e. sun and shade (A. prolifera) or in open swampy land (T. interrupta) with moderate to highly disturbed places as rapid proliferating populations showing interpopulation variations of tracheary elements length–width(s) and vessel end-wall length–width(s). Conclusion Vessel elements are present throughout the entire vascular connections of the plant body of A. prolifera (Retz.) Copel. and T. interrupta (Willd.) K. Iwats. Interpopulation variation of tracheary elements length–width(s) and vessel end-wall length width(s) are noticed. Till date only seven genera of pteridophytes are reported for the presence of vessel and these two genera are the new addition with the previous.

Objetivo: Analizar si la gestión empresarial de la industria cementera peruana superó los problemas de la corrupción y el Niño Costero en el periodo 2016-2017. Método: Es una investigación de tipo aplicada, documental y descriptiva, con diseño no experimental que pretende dar razones del porqué de los fenómenos en estudio. La muestra es de un censo del sector cemento que abastece a todo el Perú. Resultados: El análisis estructural de las inversiones nos muestra una empresa típicamente industrial que prioriza el largo plazo en vez del corto; 85% de los activos no corrientes en el 2017 y 88% en el año 2016. Conclusiones: La rentabilidad patrimonial en la industria cementera fue de más a menos en el periodo 2016 al 2017, excepto la empresa Cementos Yura, que tuvo rendimiento superior al 10% en ambos periodos de 2016 y 2017. En cuanto al valor económico agregado, todas las empresas tuvieron saldos negativos y no crearon valor para los accionistas en el periodo bajo estudio.

Nos encontramos en una era post ecológica en que la naturaleza como arquetipo separado de lo humano ya no existe. Una era conocida como “Antropoceno” en la cual el calentamiento global, comúnmente conocido como cambio climático, es para muchos su crisis más emblemática. Un momento de responsabilidad personal y global en el que la imaginación y la acción se hacen necesarias. Una imaginación alimentada por la creatividad inscrita en la ecología, moldeada en escenarios estratégicos y diseños tácticos capaces de catalizar procesos culturales y físicos destinados a la adaptación al cambio climático. En ese contexto global, las costas de todo el mundo son uno de los territorios más densamente poblados y donde se hacen sentir con mayor intensidad los dinámicos efectos en cascada del cambio climático. Por ello se reivindica una costa libre del concepto metafísico de naturaleza estática a la que hay que proteger y se propone su reinvención a través del diseño. Esta reinvención conlleva su comprensión como sistema adaptativo complejo. Supone, por un lado, la reconfiguración del marco conceptual de la planificación y el diseño litoral y, por otro, la creación de un abanico tipológico y tecnológico de herramientas de diseño para paisajes costeros resilientes.

Con la novela A la Costa (1904) de Luis A. Martínez, el espacio de la Costa entra en la narrativa del Ecuador. La relación entre geografía y literatura da fe, aquí, de una original apropiación cultural de la naturaleza costeña, la cual es transformada por las numerosas y detalladas descripciones del narrador en espacios-valores. La autora estudia las modalidades del trato de los espacios y de los paisajes, entre realismo, costumbrismo y romanticismo herderiano, para entender los valores que asumen los espacios costeños; valores que no solo son económicos, políticos o ideológicos, sino también identitarios y hasta espirituales. Se observa cómo van moldeando un genio que remite a un Volkgeist singular en el panorama cultural de la época, por tener una dimensión sublime, la misma que caracteriza, por cierto, la producción pictórica del Martínez paisajista.

What is the significance of a human life in relation to the timespan of the geological processes that shape and reshape the terrain under our feet? Here, we ask how we might think on a planetary scale while being grounded in the everyday, tracing the relationship between biographical time and geological formation. Examining social relationships through the materiality of sandstone, uranium, and concrete, this paper presents a collaborative deep time practice, realized through the iterative process of walking, reading and inscribing a specific site, the West Shore of Stromness, Orkney. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

El recurso que da lugar a esta sentencia fue interpuesto por el Ayuntamiento de la Villa de Noja frente a la Resolución del Ministerio de Transición Ecológica de 17 de octubre de 2018. Esta Resolución denegaba la solicitud del deslinde sobre el dominio público marítimoterrestre (en adelante DPMT) aprobado por otra solicitud anterior en el ámbito de la marisma de El Joyel y las playas y sistemas dunares de El Ris y El Joyel, término municipal de Noja (Cantabria). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

La relación de Rosario con el Paraná estuvo mediada por el puerto. Este vínculo comenzó a revertirse en los años 1990. Se reemplazaron las instalaciones ferroportuarias fuera de uso por una cadena de espacios públicos, ramblas y avenidas. Este procedimiento mejoró la conectividad de la ciudad con la ribera, a partir de una escala menor pensada para el transporte automotor y la circulación peatonal. La interface ferroportuaria que había regido la relación ciudad-río fue reemplazada por un continuum de espacios públicos. Gran parte de los estudios efectuados sobre esta trasformación urbana se han concentrado en las inspiraciones, la planificación, los impactos de estos Grandes Proyectos Urbanos en los usos del suelo, el mercado inmobiliario, la gentrificación del área y las metamorfosis de la ciudad. Pero no se ha analizado otros cambios aledaños vinculados al ambiente, el hábitat y los oficios de los antiguos habitantes de la barranca. Mientras los espacios públicos crecían y eran parcialmente concesionados, los pescadores artesanales observaron cómo su hábitat y fuentes de trabajo quedaban reducidas. En este artículo, procuramos comprender cómo esos sujetos-otros experimentan los procesos de acumulación por desposesión y de desterritorializacion de los que son objeto con la reinvención del waterfront de Rosario.

En la actualidad, para el discurso nacional y el estatal, la Costa ecuatoriana es ante todo mestiza. Se ha invisibilizado, así, la “indianidad” en la Costa. El pueblo cholo costeño, a pesar de no hablar una lengua ancestral, se apoya en sus orígenes ancestrales para pedir al Estado ecuatoriano que se lo reconozca como grupo étnico. En el siguiente trabajo el autor pretende poner de realce la encrucijada discursiva en la que tuvo que construirse la identidad de este pueblo que decidió apropiarse del término cholo, a pesar de su connotación peyorativa. Así, veremos cómo, a partir del discurso literario, surgió la identidad chola.

A partir de la exposición de la institucionalidad electoral latinoamericana en donde se distinguen dos fórmulas: la unificada, que concentra en un solo organismo autónomo la administración y la jurisdicción electoral; y la diversificada, que supone una instancia de administración electoral orgánicamente separada de una jurisdicción electoral especializada, se analiza la institucionalidad electoral en Costa Rica, su autonomía y el deslinde de competencias entre lo constitucional y lo electoral, en este caso en particular.

La presencia de xilópalos ha sido registrada en distintos contextos arqueológicos de la costa de la provincia de Chubut, aunque su frecuencia es variable y exhiben distintas calidades para la talla. Con el objetivo de explorar la relación entre la frecuencia de artefactos de xilópalo, y la distribución y calidad de las fuentes reconocidas localmente, en este trabajo se analizan xilópalos recuperados en sitios de la costa norte (entre Arroyo Verde y Bahía Cracker, incluida Península Valdés) y la costa sur (entre bahía Camarones y bahía Solano). Los resultados indican un aprovechamiento muy escaso en el sector norte y alto en el sur, lo que sugiere una vinculación estrecha entre la intensidad de uso de los xilópalos y la oferta local: a menor distancia respecto de los afloramientos primarios de excelente calidad se observa un mayor aprovechamiento, y viceversa. Por lo tanto, para la costa sur se infiere obtención directa y para la costa norte adquisición mediante mecanismos indirectos (intercambio) y también aprovechamiento de hallazgos fortuitos de fragmentos o tabletas en los afloramientos locales del Terciario.

This contribution aims to assess the effects of the Catalan Coastal System Master Plan (Plan Director Urbanístico del Sistema Costero - PDUSC) in reordering the tourist coastline. To achieve this objective, a minimum historical perspective to validate its results is needed. The condition of this space is different according to the coastal section analyzed. This paper assesses the effects of PDUSC on the most studied area: the Costa Brava. Therefore, it tries to analyze all the impacts that occurred since the approval of the first plans in the sixties to the protest of current social movements, going through civic debates such as those of the Debat Costa Brava (I and II) or of the defense of Aiguamolls. The conclusion of this review is that the PDUSC is the end of a protection process that should be used to transform the urban agglomeration of tourism into a city. The cases of the Parc dels Estanys in Platja d'Aro and La Pletera in L'Estartit (Torroella de Montgrí) are two good examples of how future coastal planning should act. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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