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1. Biological characteristics of sperm in European flat oyster (Ostrea edulis)

Author

Suquet Marc, Pouvreau Stéphane, Queau Isabelle, Boulais Myrina, Le Grand Jacqueline, Ratiskol Dominique, and Cosson Jacky

Subjects
oyster, ostrea edulis, brooding species, sperm, spermatozeugmata, endangered species, Aquaculture. Fisheries. Angling, SH1-691
Abstract

In brooding mollusc species that incubate larvae before their release in seawater, the biology of gametes remains poorly explored. The present study describes some biological characteristics of sperm of the European flat oyster, a native species that has been over-exploited in the past and is nowadays classified as an endangered species in Europe. Flat oysters were collected by divers in the Rade de Brest (Finistère, France), during its natural reproduction period. Gonadal pH is acidic (6.31 ± 0.10). Spermatozoa are clustered in spermatozeugmata, an acellular structure in which the sperm heads are embedded. After their transfer in seawater, spermatozeugmata have a mean diameter of 64 ± 3 μm and they release free spermatozoa for a mean duration of 21 ± 3 min. Immediately after their release, the mean percentage of motile spermatozoa was 48.5 ± 12.6%. At 10 min after dilution in seawater, movement of spermatozoa was no more observed. Biological characteristics of European flat oyster sperm are compared to those observed in the Pacific oyster, regarding the unique reproductive behaviour of the former species and the role of spermatozoa transfer played by spermatozeugmata. The present results aim to improve the knowledge of reproduction and natural recruitment processes, support conservation and restoration measures and favour the establishment of management protocols of gametes and larvae in this endangered species.

Published
2018
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41. Potential implications of sperm DNA methylation functional properties in aquaculture management.

Author

Zhang, Songpei, Cheng, Yu, Věchtová, Pavlína, Boryshpolets, Sergii, Shazada, Nururshopa Eskander, Alavi, Sayyed Mohammad Hadi, Cosson, Jacky, and Linhart, Otomar

Subjects
DNA methylation, FISH breeding, CENTRIFUGATION, FISH fertility, METHYLATION, FISH spermatozoa, FISH reproduction, SPERMATOZOA
Abstract

The biology of fish sperm, an important topic in the research of reproduction and fisheries from basic science to evolutionary and applied aspects, has implications for aquaculture management, fish breeding and biological conservation. The quality of spermatozoa plays a vital role in fish fertility, and directly affects the health and performance of offspring. Environmental factors that affect determinants of spermatozoa quality usually reflected in the DNA methylation pattern of the spermatozoa epigenome, which may change offspring's performance. The aim of the present study was to conduct a review on existing data about DNA methylation in fish spermatozoa as a biological tool for identifying the quality of offspring based on their phenotypes and performances. Furthermore, this study provides valuable knowledge from fundamental to applied sciences dealing with enhancement of breeding selection, fish reproduction and environmental adaptation. The review also describes the individual parts related to DNA methylation in fish, including overview of the methods which can be used to study DNA methylation, DNA methylation dynamics and epigenetic inheritance; identification of DNA methylation changes in sperm function in response to internal and external environment constraints, and potential relationships between DNA methylation and physiological regulation of spermatozoa quality determinants. Overall, the present study revealed that our knowledge about intergenerational inheritance of the performance and adaptability of fish through sperm DNA methylation is very limited, and no general conclusion could be approached from literature mostly due to non‐standardized experimental protocol or analytical tools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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49. Influence of Environmental Temperature and Hormonal Stimulation on the In Vitro Sperm Maturation in Sterlet Acipenser ruthenus in Advance of the Spawning Season

Author

Dzyuba, Viktoriya, primary, Cosson, Jacky, additional, Papadaki, Maria, additional, Mylonas, Constantinos C., additional, Steinbach, Christoph, additional, Rodina, Marek, additional, Tučkova, Vladimira, additional, Linhart, Otomar, additional, Shelton, William L., additional, Gela, David, additional, Boryshpolets, Sergii, additional, and Dzyuba, Borys, additional

Published
2021
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50. Optimization of Sperm Storage and Fertilization in Zebrafish [Danio rerio (Hamilton)]

Author

Cheng, Yu, Franěk, Roman, Rodina, Marek, Xin, Miaomiao, Cosson, Jacky, and Linhart, Otomar

Subjects
anatomy_morphology
Abstract

The zebrafish Danio rerio is suitable to study gametes as a model organism. There were > 70% of zebrafish spermatozoa activated, because they were contaminated with urine or excrement. The movement of spermatozoon in water was propagated along the flagellum at 16 s after sperm activation, then damped from the end of the flagellum for 35 s and fully disappear at 61 s after activation. For artificial fertilization, milt must be added to an extender, which stops the movement of sperm and keeps the sperm motionless until fertilization. E400 was shown to be the most suitable extender as it allows to store sperm for fertilization for 6 to 12 h at 0-2oC. Sperm motility decreased only to 36% at 12 h post stripping (HPS) for E400 extender and to 19% for Kurokura extender. To achieve an optimal level of fertilization and hatching, a test tube with a well-defined amount of 6,000,000 spermatozoa in E400 extender per 100 eggs and 100 µl of activation solution has proved to be more successful than using a Petri dish. The highest fertilization and hatching rates reached 80% and 40-60%, respectively, with milt stored for 1.5 h in E400 extender at 0-2oC.

Published
2020

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