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133 results on '"Coscarelli, Roberto"'

4. Analysis of Convective and Stratiform Precipitation Characteristics in Xinjiang, China Based on GPM Dual‐Frequency Precipitation Radar.

Author

Li, Xiaomeng, Yang, Lianmei, Tong, Zepeng, Li, Haoyang, and Coscarelli, Roberto

Subjects
ALPINE regions, STORMS, RAINDROPS, TOPOGRAPHY, RADAR
Abstract

The spatial distribution of precipitation in Xinjiang, China, is extremely heterogeneous due to its complex subsurface, and microphysical studies of cloud precipitation over Xinjiang are severely constrained by observational means. The Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) dual‐frequency precipitation radar (DPR) provides improved three‐dimensional observation data of strong and weak precipitation and performs effective observations in alpine mountain regions. Therefore, this study used GPM/DPR Level‐3 data from January 2015 to December 2022 to analyze the convective and stratiform precipitation characteristics over Xinjiang. The results showed that (1) the range of maximum precipitation reflectivity factors (PRF_max) near the ground and at different heights were larger in summer and maximum PRF_max values appeared in areas along the Altai, Tianshan, and Kunlun Mountains and plains on the respective mountain slopes. In summer, the PRF_max of stratiform (convective) precipitation nearsurface ranged from 24 to 34 dBZ (28–40 dBZ). (2) The two types of precipitation exhibited the highest storm top heights in summer, with convective precipitation having higher values than stratiform precipitation and mountainous areas having higher values than the surrounding basins due to the effects of topographic uplift. (3) The value domains of the PRF, particle mass‐weighted diameter (Dm), and particle number concentration for stratiform (convective) precipitation were more concentrated (wider), that is, PRF: 14–30 dBZ (12–40 dBZ), Dm: 0.9–1.4 mm (0.7–2.1 mm), and the particle concentration: 29–35 (24–39). The height of the center of the probability density of each variable was higher in the three major mountain ranges than in the two major basins owing to the influence of topography. PRF increased and then decreased with height. Convective raindrops were in an active state of high concentration and exhibited a large scale in the lower layers, whereas the particle spectral parameters of stratiform precipitation showed a more concentrated and symmetric distribution and insignificant changes with height. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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16. Flood and Landslide Damage in a Mediterranean Region: Identification of Descriptive Rainfall Indices Using a 40-Year Historical Series.

Author

Petrucci, Olga and Coscarelli, Roberto

Subjects
RAINFALL, FLOOD damage, LANDSLIDES, FLOOD warning systems, URBAN growth, GLOBAL warming
Abstract

In the future, as a result of global warming, it is possible that rainfall could become more intense and frequent. This could lead to more frequent triggering of damaging phenomena such as floods and landslides (named as a whole damaging hydrogeological events, DHE), and, consequently, to the increase of their impacts on territories, especially in regions where uncontrolled urban sprawl represents a factor that can exacerbate the problem. The analysis of a large quantity of information about both triggering rainfall and triggered phenomena can help to comprehend relationships between triggering precipitation and its related impacts. In this paper, to facilitate the investigation of the relationships between large and complex datasets concerning both rainfall and rainfall-related damage, we propose an index-based approach, illustrated by its application to the Calabria region (Southern Italy). In particular, this manuscript presents some results from a preliminary investigation aimed at assessing the "better" index to describe DHE. Five rainfall indices (RIs) were tested and five composite rainfall indices (CRIs), combinations of two or more RIs, are proposed. We calculated the RIs and the CRIs by means of 1,300,000 daily data registered in the observation period 1980–2020. The CRIs showed the best relationships with the data of damaging hydrogeological events (DHEs). Particularly, better results were obtained with landslides data than with floods data, perhaps due to the hydraulic characteristics of the Calabria rivers, affected by flash floods mainly influenced by very intense hourly rainfall events. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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20. The 1921 European drought: impacts, reconstruction and drivers

Author

van der Schrier, Gerard, primary, Allan, Richard P., additional, Ossó, Albert, additional, Sousa, Pedro M., additional, Van de Vyver, Hans, additional, Van Schaeybroeck, Bert, additional, Coscarelli, Roberto, additional, Pasqua, Angela A., additional, Petrucci, Olga, additional, Curley, Mary, additional, Mietus, Mirosław, additional, Filipiak, Janusz, additional, Štěpánek, Petr, additional, Zahradníček, Pavel, additional, Brázdil, Rudolf, additional, Řezníčková, Ladislava, additional, van den Besselaar, Else J. M., additional, Trigo, Ricardo, additional, and Aguilar, Enric, additional

Published
2021
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23. Risk perception and social vulnerability of population in coastal areas subject to climate change in two Mediterranean regions

Author

Antronico, Loredana, Coscarelli, Roberto, D'Amico, Sebastiano, De Pascale, Francesco, Di Matteo, Dante, Micallef, Anton, and 22nd EGU General Assembly

Subjects
Risk perception, Coasts -- Social aspects, Coast changes -- Italy -- Calabria, Coast changes -- Malta, Climatic changes
Abstract

Coastal areas are particularly sensitive to climate change. Owing to a significant increase in human activities and pressures, these areas have become particularly susceptible to extreme physical phenomena that increase the exposure and vulnerability of population. The Authorities ought to make strong efforts to: i) take the necessary measures and actions to reduce the negative impacts of the natural phenomena on the coastal areas, which are also due to the climate change; ii) investigate the factors that influence the communities' perception of natural hazards and the climate change. Indeed, in order to effectively manage the negative impacts of climate change both considerable scientific know-how and of people's perception of the risk associated to them is paramount.Within this framework, a Research Project funded under the Agreement on Scientific Cooperation between CNR and the University of Malta (UoM) was developed. The Project is organized in order to synergistically combine the various scientific researches of the two partners (CNR-IRPI and University of Malta) in the context of natural hazards, public knowledge and perception of geo-hydrological risk and climate change. Calabria (Southern Italy) and Malta, the two Mediterranean regions considered as target areas for the Project, show different geomorphological and climatic settings but, although with different exposure levels, they are both affected by extreme physical phenomena and climate change. [excerpt], peer-reviewed

Published
2020
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24. Climate services for tourism: An applied methodology for user engagement and co-creation in European destinations

Author

Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Barnet, Alba Font; Ciurana, Anna Boque; Pozo, Jon Xavier Olano; Russo, Antonio; Coscarelli, Roberto; Antronico, Loredana; De Pascale, Francesco; Saladie, Oscar; Anton-Clave, Salvador; Aguilar, Enric, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, and Barnet, Alba Font; Ciurana, Anna Boque; Pozo, Jon Xavier Olano; Russo, Antonio; Coscarelli, Roberto; Antronico, Loredana; De Pascale, Francesco; Saladie, Oscar; Anton-Clave, Salvador; Aguilar, Enric

Abstract

This article presents an exploratory methodology to co-create climate services for the tourism sector together with local stakeholders, emphasizing focus groups as an essential step for obtaining relevant data throughout the process. The article describes the user engagement for defining the optimal conditions for tourism in four different types of destinations in terms of tourist specialisation in Spain (Jacetania Council in the Aragon Pyrenees, the city of Calvi`a on the island of Majorca; the city of Barcelona and the Barcelona Coast) and Italy (Sila National Park) This methodology involves a sequence of steps to extract and validate such information through engagement, with destination stakeholders along the value chain (from accommodation managers to destination planners as well as final users). The process facilitates the design of numerical indices based on the information collected (from qualitative to quantitative data). Our methodology is suitable for application in other contexts and tourism activities where the subjective perception of weather and climate plays a role, as well as in other sectors.

Published
2021

25. The 1921 European drought: impacts, reconstruction and drivers

Author

Universitat Rovira i Virgili, van der Schrier, Gerard; Allan, Richard P.; Osso, Albert; Sousa, Pedro M.; Van de Vyver, Hans; Van Schaeybroeck, Bert; Coscarelli, Roberto; Pasqua, Angela A.; Petrucci, Olga; Curley, Mary; Mietus, Miroslaw; Filipiak, Janusz; Stepanek, Petr; Zahradnicek, Pavel; Brazdil, Rudolf; Reznickova, Ladislava; van den Besselaar, Else J. M.; Trigo, Ricardo; Aguilar, Enric, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, and van der Schrier, Gerard; Allan, Richard P.; Osso, Albert; Sousa, Pedro M.; Van de Vyver, Hans; Van Schaeybroeck, Bert; Coscarelli, Roberto; Pasqua, Angela A.; Petrucci, Olga; Curley, Mary; Mietus, Miroslaw; Filipiak, Janusz; Stepanek, Petr; Zahradnicek, Pavel; Brazdil, Rudolf; Reznickova, Ladislava; van den Besselaar, Else J. M.; Trigo, Ricardo; Aguilar, Enric

Abstract

The European drought of 1921 is assessed in terms of its impacts on society and in terms of its physical characteristics. The development of impacts of the drought are categorized by a systematic survey of newspaper reports from five European newspapers covering the area from England to the Czech Republic and other parts of Europe. This is coupled to a reconstruction of daily temperature and precipitation based on meteorological measurements to quantify the drought severity and extent, and reanalysis data are used to identify its drivers. This analysis shows that the first impacts of the drought started to appear in early spring and lingered on until well into autumn and winter, affecting water supply and agriculture and livestock farming. The dominant impact in western Europe is on agriculture and livestock farming while in central Europe the effects of wildfires were reported on most often. The peak in the number of reports is in late summer. Preceding the first impacts was the dry autumn of 1920 and winter 1920-1921. The area hardest hit by the drought in the following spring and summer was the triangle between Brussels, Paris and Lyon, but a vast stretch of the continent, from Ireland to the Ukraine, was affected. The reported impacts on water supply and water-borne transport in that region were matched by an analysis of the hydrological situation over the Seine catchment. On average, the 1921 summer was not particularly hot, but the heatwave which was observed at the end of July saw temperatures matching those of the heatwaves in modern summers. Similar to modern droughts, an anticyclone was present roughly over the British Isles, maintaining sunny and dry weather in Europe and steering away cyclones to the north. Its persistence makes it exceptional in comparison

Published
2021

43. Evaluación de métodos de homogeneización de series climáticas diarias en el marco del proyecto INDECIS

Author

Guijarro Pastor, José Antonio, Pérez Zanón, Núria, Aguilar, Enric, Sigró, Javier, Caloiero, Tommaso, Carvalho, S., Coscarelli, Roberto, Curley, Mary, Engström, Erik, Lledó, Llorenç, Ramón, J., Stepanek, Petr, Valente, M. A., Van der Schrier, G., and Zahradnicek, P.

Subjects
Homogenization, INDECIS project, Daily climate series, Homogeneización, Proyecto INDECIS, Series climáticas diarias
Abstract

Ponencia presentada en: XI Congreso de la Asociación Española de Climatología celebrado en Cartagena entre el 17 y el 19 de octubre de 2018. [ES]El proyecto INDECIS (Integrated approach for the development across Europe of user oriented climate indicators for GFCS high-priority sectors: agriculture, disaster risk reduction, energy, health, water and tourism) precisa abordar la homogeneización y control de calidad de series diarias de las variables climáticas esenciales almacenadas en ECAD. Las series de dos regiones diferentes (sur de Suecia y Eslovenia) se analizan para evaluar el tipo, magnitud y frecuencia de las inhomogeneidades a introducir en series de prueba homogéneas generadas a partir del Modelo Climático Regional RACMOv2. Tras aplicarles los métodos de homogeneización disponibles, se compararán sus resultados mediante métricas de bondad de ajuste y se seleccionarán las mejores metodologías para depurar las series almacenadas en ECAD, con objeto de calcular índices climáticos relevantes con los que evaluar el impacto del cambio climático en sectores económicos prioritarios. [EN]The INDECIS project (Integrated approach for the development across Europe of user oriented climate indicators for GFCS high-priority sectors: agriculture, disaster risk reduction, energy, health, water and tourism) needs to address the homogenization and quality control of daily series of the essential climatic variables stored in ECAD. The series of two different regions (southern Sweden and Slovenia) are analyzed to evaluate the type, magnitude and frequency of the inhomogeneities to be introduced in homogeneous test series generated from the Regional Climate Model RACMOv2. After applying the available homogenization methods, their results will be compared by means of goodness of fit metrics and the best methodologies will be selected to debug the series stored in ECAD, in order to calculate relevant climatic indices with which to evaluate the impact of climate change in priority economic sectors. El proyecto INDECIS es parte de ERA4CS, un ERA-NET iniciado por JPI Climate, financiado por FORMAS (SE), DLR (DE), BMWFW (AT), IFD (DK), MINECO (ES), ANR (FR) y co-financiado por la Unión Europea (Grant 690462).

Published
2018

49. Data rescue of daily climate station-based observations across Europe.

Author

Coll, Joan Ramon, van der Schrier, Gerard, Aguilar, Enric, Rasol, Dubravka, Coscarelli, Roberto, and Bishop, Andrés

Subjects
RAINFALL intensity duration frequencies, RAINSTORMS, SNOW accumulation, CLIMATOLOGY, DATA recovery, QUALITY control, MAXIMA & minima
Abstract

In the framework of the project "Integrated approach for the development across Europe of user oriented climate indicators for GFCS high-priority sectors: agriculture, disaster risk reduction, energy, health, water and tourism" (INDECIS 2017–2020), around 610K climate station-based observations were rescued over European regions for the main climate variables (maximum and minimum temperature, rainfall, sunshine duration and snow depth) along the 20th century at daily scale. Rescued data will constitute, together with other gathered regional datasets, the INDECIS-Raw-Dataset, which will expand current European data coverage contained in the European Climate Assessment & Dataset (ECA&D). An extensive examination of the ECA&D dataset was conducted to find spatial-temporal data gaps or stations with low percentage of daily data as prior candidates for data recovery in European regions. This exercise led us to focus our efforts on the Central European region and the Balkans. Digitizing was carried out by using a rigorous "key as you see" method, meaning that the digitizers type the values provided by data images, rather than using any coding system. Digitizers carefully cross-checked the typed values against original sources for the 10th, 20th and 30th day of each month to make sure that no days were skipped or repeated during the digitizing process. Monthly totals and statistical summaries were computed from transcribed data and were compared with monthly totals and summaries provided by data sources to check accuracy as preliminary quality control. The digitizing method and the quality control of the digitizing process applied in this study ensured an accurate data transcription according to the obtained statistics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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50. Modelling drought severity at different timescales using Standardized Precipitation Index and Geostatistics: an application in southern Italy

Author

Buttafuoco Gabriele, Caloiero Tommaso, and Coscarelli Roberto

Subjects
Rainfall, SPI, Trend, Calabria, Geostatistics
Abstract

A deficit in precipitation has different impact on ground water, reservoir storage, soil moisture, snowpack, and streamflow. In this study, spatial and temporal drought patterns in a region of southern Italy (Calabria) have been analysed by means of a homogenous monthly precipitation data set of 129 daily rain gauges for the 1917-2006 period, with no lack in the data. First, both the short-time (3, 6 and 9 months) and the long-time (12 and 24 months) Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) were estimated to analyse drought especially from an agricultural point of view. Then, in order to characterize the SPI spatial pattern, index data of a severe event were interpolated and mapped using a geostatistical approach. Finally, a time series analysis was performed with the Mann-Kendall non-parametric test to detect possible trends. Results showed that several heavy drought episodes have widely affected the Calabria region and, among the most recent events, the drought occurred after 1980 was the worst in terms of spatial extent. A generally negative trend has been detected and the running trend analysis, carried out for the long-time SPI, revealed that the tendencies previously discussed were not persistent throughout the series length, but depended on the period examined.

Published
2013

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