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The relationship between skeletal muscle mass at the beginning of the post-acute rehabilitation phase and rehabilitation outcomes has been scarcely investigated. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of the existence of sarcopenia upon admission to a post-acute COVID-19 patient rehabilitation unit on body composition and functional and respiratory capacity at discharge. Thirty-four post-acute COVID-19 patients were referred to our Rehabilitation Unit from different COVID Hospitals in northern Italy. Body weight loss, body composition, handgrip strength, functional parameters, oxygen saturation and related perception of dyspnea in several positions were measured before and after a 28-day multidisciplinary rehabilitation program. Spirometry was performed only upon admission. The intervention included psychiatric support, cognitive behavioral therapy, nutritional therapy and physiotherapy, including aerobic and resistance training. Training volume was 45 min/session, 6 sessions/week. Upon admission, the prevalence of sarcopenia among our patients was 58%. In all of the 34 patients, we observed a trend of improvement in all of the respiratory, body composition, muscle strength and functional parameters considered. Monitoring muscle mass and strength in post-acute COVID-19 patients appears to be a key predictor of rehabilitation outcomes. Early diagnosis of sarcopenia therefore appears to be of paramount importance in the management of post-acute COVID-19 patients.

Background In the last year, the severe adult respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) epidemic has spread rapidly around the world. The interactions between SARS-CoV-2 and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are so far not fully understood. In particular, no studies evaluated the potential role of SARS-CoV-2 on IBD course. Indeed, it is known that viral infections can be act as triggers for IBD flare and it is reasonable that the possible drug discontinuation during SARS-CoV-2 infection could in turn lead to an IBD flare. Methods This was a prospective, observational case-control study. From March 11th 2020 to June 30th 2020 we enrolled IBD patients with proven SARS-Cov-2 infection (“cases”) and IBD patients without SARS-CoV-2 infection matched for sex, age, diagnosis, therapy and clinical activity (“controls”). Cases and controls were followed-up at least for 6 months. Differences between case and control group were tested for significance using the Student’s t test and Fisher’s test, as appropriate. A two-tailed p value < 0.05 was indicative of statistical significance. Results 219 IBD patients (127 UC, 58.0%) with SARS-CoV-2 infection and 219 IBD patients without SARS-CoV-2 infection were enrolled. Table 1 shows baseline features of the population. Among the 122 cases in clinical remission at the time of viral infection, 28 (22.9%) showed a disease flare; this percentage was significantly higher than that observed in controls: 12/137 (8.8%)(p=0.0018). Among patients with disease flare, there were no significant differences between cases and controls group in terms of age (42.3 ± 16.0 vs. 43.1 ± 15.4 years, p=0.44), gender (female 45.7% vs. 48.2%, p= 0.54), use of biologic therapies (p=0.83) and UC or CD diagnosis (p=0.06). Biologic therapy was temporary withdrawn more significantly in cases than in controls (68/202, 33.6% vs. 14/204, 6.9%) (p Conclusion IBD patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection have an increased risk to have a clinical recurrence in short-term in comparison with IBD patients without SARS-CoV-2 infection. This increased risk could be due to the viral infection and/or to the temporary discontinuation of biologic therapies, because of infection.

Resumen: Durante el posoperatorio de cirugía cardíaca es frecuente observar trastornos en la generación o conducción del ritmo cardíaco, o en ambos, los cuales en su mayoría son transitorios. Sin embargo, un porcentaje de ellos requerirán implante de marcapasos definitivo. Conocer los predictores preoperatorios que se asocian a implante de marcapasos definitivo (características del paciente, tipo de cirugía, etcétera) nos permitirá adecuar el tratamiento y reducir la morbimortalidad, la estadía hospitalaria y los costos sanitarios durante el posoperatorio. Summary: During postoperative care of cardiac surgery heart rhythm disorders are frequently seen. Most of them are transient, but some may need permanent pacemaker implantation. Knowing preoperative permanent pacemaker implantation predictors (i.e. patients characteristics, surgery type, etc.) will allow us to provide a better patient treatment, reduce morbidity and mortality, in-hospital length of stay and health care costs. Resumo: Durante o período pós-operatório de cirurgia cardiaca é comum observar distúrbios na geração e/ou condução do ritmo cardíaco, que em sua maioria, são transitórios. No entanto, uma porcentagem deles exigirá o implante do marcapasso definitivo. Por este motivo, é fundamental o conhecimento dos preditores pré-operatórios associados à implantação definitiva do marcapasso (características do paciente, tipo de cirurgia, etc.) para que se possa melhorar o tratamento e reduzir a morbimortalidade, o tempo de internação e os custos de saúde.

Resumen: Las arritmias representan unas de las complicaciones más frecuentes en el posoperatorio de cirugía cardíaca (POCC). Pueden alterar la evolución del paciente, su tiempo de internación, la conducta terapéutica y aumentan los costos en salud. Su diagnóstico y manejo adecuados, mejoran el pronóstico de los pacientes a largo plazo. La fibrilación auricular (FA) es la arritmia más frecuente del POCC, siendo menos frecuentes otras arritmias supraventriculares. Las arritmias ventriculares son causa de aumento de morbi-mortalidad y sobre sus principales características se centrará esta revisión. Summary: Arrhythmias represent one of the most frequent complications during the postoperative period of cardiac surgery. They may worsen patient evolution, increase the in-hospital length of stay, modify therapeutics and increase health costs. Its proper diagnosis and management improves the long-term prognosis of patients. Atrial fibrillation is the most common arrhythmia in the postoperative period of cardiac surgery, with other supraventricular arrhythmias being less common. Ventricular arrhythmias are cause of increases in morbidity and mortality. Their main characteristics will be discussed in this review. Resumo: As arritmias representam uma das complicações mais frequentes no pós-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca. Eles podem modificar a evolução do paciente, o tempo de internação, o comportamento terapêutico e aumentam os gastos de saúde. Seu diagnóstico e manejo adequados melhoram o prognóstico dos pacientes a longo prazo. A fibrilação atrial é a arritmia mais comum no pós-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca, com outras arritmias supraventriculares sendo menos comuns. As arritmias ventriculares são causa do aumento de morbimortalidade. Suas principais características serão analisadas nesta revisão.

Resumen: Descripción y análisis de los procedimientos de implante de marcapasos en el servicio de electrofisiología institucional en un período de nueve años. Se analiza en forma retrospectiva un total de 1.265 procedimientos. La mediana de edad al momento del implante fue de 77 años, con predominio del sexo masculino. El bloqueo auriculoventricular y la enfermedad del nódulo sinusal fueron las indicaciones más frecuentes. El modo de estimulación predominante fue el bicameral secuencial en menores de 80 años. La mediana de seguimiento fue de 45 meses y hubo seguimiento completo en 90,7% de los pacientes. Se observó una baja tasa de complicaciones (0,8%). Summary: Description and analysis of permanent pacemakers implantation procedures at the institutional electrophysiology laboratory in a 9-year period. A total of 1265 procedures were retrospectively reviewed. Median age of implantation was 77 years, with men being the majority. Atrioventricular block and sinus node disease were the most frequent indications. Sequential dual chamber pacing was the most common programming mode in patients under 80 years old. The average follow-up was 45 months and there was a complete follow-up in 90.7% of the patients. A low complication rate was observed (0.8% of procedures). Resumo: Descrição e análise dos procedimentos de marcapassos implantados no serviço de eletrofisiológia institucional, em um período de 9 anos. Um total de 1.265 procedimentos foram revisados retrospectivamente. A mediana de idade do implante foi de 77 anos com predominância de sexo masculino. El bloqueio atrioventricular e doença do nó sinusal são as indicações mais freqüentes. O modo predominante de estimulação foi o bicameral secuencial em los menores de 80 anos. O seguimento médio foi de 45 meses e houve acompanhamento completo em 90,7% dos pacientes. Uma baixa taxa de complicações foi observada (0,8% dos procedimentos).

Fil: Tomba, Carolina. Universidad Juan Agustín Maza. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y de la Comunicación. Mendoza. República Argentina. Fil: Allisiardi, Andrés. Universidad Juan Agustín Maza. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y de la Comunicación. República Argentina. Fil: Muñoz, Cecilia. Universidad Juan Agustín Maza. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y de la Comunicación. Mendoza. República Argentina. Fil: Cortellezzi, Paula. Universidad Juan Agustín Maza. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y de la Comunicación. Mendoza. República Argentina. Fil: Lira, Victoria. Universidad Juan Agustín Maza. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y de la Comunicación. Mendoza. República Argentina. Dentro del contexto de la pandemia declarada a partir de la aparición del COVID-19, desde el Observatorio de Medios de la Universidad Juan Agustín Maza se realiza este informe de carácter cuanti-cualitativo sumado a un relevamiento realizado a partir del análisis de los medios de comunicación de carácter nacional e internacional considerando datos fundamentales por las características de la pandemia. Este informe pertenece al proyecto de investigación "La responsabilidad social de la publicidad".

Background Recently, comparative trials among biologics in ulcerative colitis (UC) provided conflicting results on their reciprocal superiority or equivalence. Therefore, in patients naive to biologics, the first-choice biological drug is uncertain. Methods In a retrospective, real-life, multicentre inception cohort study involving 11 Italian IBD tertiary centres, all consecutive patients, naive to biologics, treated with adalimumab (ADA), infliximab biosimilar (CTP-13), golimumab (GOL) or vedolizumab (VDZ) after their postmarketing approval (2014–2018) for moderate–severe active UC, were followed up for 1 year or until relapse. All drugs were compared with each other and to naive patients treated with IFX-originator (IFX-O, Remicade) in 2013–2014 as a reference group. A propensity score analysis was performed. The primary endpoint was the 1 year relapse-free, optimisation-free, steroid-free remission, defined as Mayo score ≤2, with bleeding subscore = 0, no relapse after first clinical remission and no optimisation with dose intensification or steroids courses. Multiple further secondary endpoints were analysed (Table 1). Results Two hundred ninety-six naive patients (ADA = 56, CTP-13 = 73, GOL = 60, VDZ = 34, IFX-O = 73) were included. The primary end-point was achieved in similar percentages in all groups, irrespective of optimisation. IFX-O and ADA had similar rates of clinical remission achieved once during the follow-up but higher rates than GOL and VDZ. The 1-year relapse rate, however, was lower with VDZ than ADA, GOL and IFX-O. Treatment failure for primary/secondary no response was higher with GOL than IFX-O and ADA. Treatment failures for intolerance were similar among all drugs. CTP-13 performed differently than the originator for some secondary end-points. Conclusion Based on a strict definition of clinical remission, all biologics appear equally effective at 1 year in patients naive to these drugs. IFX originator and ADA appear more effective in the induction phase, while patients responders to VDZ had more prolonged clinical remission. Some differences on secondary questionable outcomes between IFX biosimilar and originator have been observed.

Background Until 2014, infliximab originator (Remicade, IFX-O) was the only biological treatment approved in Italy for ulcerative colitis (UC), followed by the sequential approval of adalimumab (ADA), infliximab biosimilar (CTP-13), golimumab (GOL) and vedolizumab (VDZ). Recently, comparative trials among these drugs provided conflicting results on their reciprocal superiority or equivalence. Methods In a retrospective, real-life, multicenter inception cohort study involving 11 Italian IBD tertiary centres, all consecutive patients with moderate-to-severe active UC, treated with ADA, CTP-13, GOL or VDZ after their post-marketing approval (2014–2018) were followed-up for 1 year or until relapse. All drugs were compared with each other and to patients treated with Remicade in 2013–2014 (reference group). The 80% power calculation of the study required at least 75 patients in each arm. A propensity score analysis was performed. The primary endpoint was the 1 year relapse-free, optimisation-free, steroid-free remission, defined as Mayo partial score ≤2, with bleeding subscore = 0, no relapse after first clinical remission and no optimisation with dose intensification or steroids courses. Multiple further secondary endpoints were analysed (Table 1). Results 492 patients (ADA=90, CTP-13=105, GOL=79, VDZ=142, IFX-O=76) were included. Overall, 65% achieved clinical remission once during the follow-up, with IFX-O performing better than GOL and VDZ. The relapse rate was 24%, with the lowest rates with VDZ. The primary end-point was achieved in similar percentages in all groups, except for lower rates with GOL than IFX-O. IFX-O performed better than each other drug for other clinical outcomes (Table 1). Discontinuation for intolerance was similar among the drugs, but CTP-13 had more frequent adverse events (mainly infusion reactions) than ADA, VDZ and IFX-O. Conclusion Based on a strict definition of clinical remission, all biologics appear equally effective at 1 year, except for GOL vs. IFX originator. IFX-O appears more effective in multiple questionable clinical outcomes. IFX biosimilar had more adverse events than the other drugs. IFX originator should be used as the reference drug in head to head, controlled, comparison trials for current and future biologics in UC.

Resumen: Los trastornos del ritmo cardíaco son una etiología frecuente y comúnmente no considerada de compromiso de la función ventricular. Pueden ser causa exclusiva o contribuyente del deterioro funcional. Las posibilidades que brinda la ablación por catéter, un recurso que logra curar definitivamente muchas arritmias, permite no solo confirmar el diagnóstico de miocardiopatía inducida por arritmia normalizando o mejorando significativamente la función ventricular, sino también modificar el pronóstico. Nos referiremos fundamentalmente a la arritmia que más frecuentemente en la clínica se asocia a disfunción ventricular: la fibrilación auricular. También analizaremos la extrasistolía ventricular cuyo rol como factor contribuyente o causante de esta patología genera habitualmente controversia. Summary: Cardiac arrhythmias are a frequent and usually not considered etiology of ventricular dysfunction. They could be the single cause or a contributing factor of ventricular function compromise. Catheter ablation is an available resource that brings us the possibility to definitively cure several arrhythmias, confirming the diagnosis of arrhythmia induced cardiomyopathy improving or normalizing ventricular function, and in addition to modify the prognostic. We will mainly discuss atrial fibrillation, the arrhythmia more often associated in practice with heart failure. Also, we will analyze the role of premature ventricular contractions as cause or contributing factor to ventricular dysfunction, usually a controversial topic. Resumo: Os distúrbios do ritmo cardíaco são uma etiologia comum e não são comumente considerados como comprometendo a função ventricular. Eles podem ser a causa exclusiva ou contribuinte para a deterioração funcional. As possibilidades oferecidas pela ablação por cateter, recurso que consegue curar definitivamente muitas arritmias, permitem não só confirmar o diagnóstico de cardiomiopatia induzida por arritmias normalizando ou melhorando significativamente a função ventricular, como também modificar o prognóstico. Referiremos principalmente a arritmia que mais freqüentemente está associada à disfunção ventricular, fibrilação atrial. Também analisaremos a extra-sístole ventricular cujo papel como fator contribuinte ou causador dessa patologia geralmente gera controvérsias.

Hoy en día, los sistemas digitales en Odontología se están implementado con grandes resultados. Escáneres intraorales y de laboratorio, unidades de fresado e impresoras tridimensionales (3D) son cada vez más eficientes en exactitud, precisión y previsibilidad, facilitando así la practica clínica. La exactitud del procedimiento convencional de impresiones es un factor crítico que puede influir significativamente en la calidad y el ajuste de la restauración sobre los implantes dentales y que podría alternativamente ser sustituido con métodos de fabricación de impresión asistidos por ordenador. Actualmente, la aplicación rutinaria del escaneo intraoral en la práctica diaria se limita, principalmente, a pequeñas áreas del arco dental y se aplica para crear restauraciones de diente único o pequeñas prótesis dentales fijas de cuatro unidades. De todos modos, un estudio in vitro de un arco completo con dentición completa demostró que las impresiones digitales pueden ofrecer idealmente suficiente exactitud si son comparadas con impresiones convencionales con materiales tipo poliéter y aún mayor precisión respeto a las impresiones convencionales con hidrocoloides (1). Sin embargo, poco se sabe sobre la exactitud del enfoque digital sobre los implantes dentales y pocos estudios comparan la fidelidad de las impresiones sobre implantes convencionales, en rehabilitaciones completas. Palabras clave: implante dental, impresión digital, precisión de impresión, escáner intraoral, impresión digital intraoral, escáner digital intraoral. Sin financiación No data 2019 UEM

The activity and safety of a regimen combining lenalidomide with fludarabine and cyclophosphamide (FC) was investigated in patients with relapsed/refractory (R/R) chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Treatment consisted of six monthly courses of the FC regimen combined with 14 days of lenalidomide given at the starting dose of 2.5 mg during course 1. The maximum tolerated dose of lenalidomide was 5 mg. Forty patients were assessed for response, 66% were IGHV unmutated, 45% showed deletion 11q or 17p. The overall response and complete remission rates were 62.5% and 22.5%, respectively, the median progression-free and overall survival (OS) were 19 and 45 months, respectively. Grade 3–4 granulocytopenia was observed in 65% of cases, severe infections in 7.5%, the lenalidomide-related toxicity was mild. In conclusion, the results of this study demonstrate that low-dose lenalidomide associated with the FC schedule is an effective treatment for R/R patients with CLL, associated with an acceptable safety profile. © 2016 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group

Por fortuna una buena parte de los profesores en Colombia y en América Latina han mantenido su incertidumbre viva y su capacidad crítica como parte de la esencia que orienta su ejercicio profesional en la enseñanza de las ciencias, es así como esta obra presenta una compilación de experiencias que articulan la investigación, la tecnología y la sociedad como una triada sinérgica en el desarrollo de competencias básicas y científicas en los procesos educativos en diferentes niveles de formación, estas experiencias sin duda alguna enriquecen el discurso que alimenta la reflexión crítica y permanente sobre la didáctica de las Ciencias y que en el marco del Simposio Internacional De La Aplicación De La Tecnología Para La Enseñanza De La Matemática, La Física, La Química Y La Biología. El problema es tan complejo como compleja es la humanidad misma, pero definitivamente la creación e implementación de políticas educativas debe estar iluminada por la investigación, por la inversión efectiva de recursos que garanticen la equidad, su implementación, reconocimiento y resignificación del papel del maestro desde su formación inicial.

Background An association has been described in case reports between celiac disease and inflammatory bowel diseases. The aim of the present study is to assess the prevalence of celiac disease in a large series of Italian patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Methods The Italian Group for Inflammatory Bowel Disease conducted a multicentre study between January 2002 and December 2004, in which 22 gastroenterology centres in Italy enrolled 1711 consecutive outpatients with inflammatory bowel disease. 860 (50.2%) had Crohn's disease (415 females, mean age 40, range 18–75), 791 (46.2%) had ulcerative colitis (371 females, mean age 40, range 18–80), and 60 (3.5%) had indeterminate colitis (27 females, mean age 40, range 18–78). All patients underwent serological testing for anti-endomysial antibodies and anti-tissue transglutaminase antibodies; if positive upper GI endoscopy with duodenal biopsy was performed. Results Nine of the 1711 patients (0.5%) had serological and histological findings compatible with the diagnosis of celiac disease; six of them had ulcerative colitis and three had Crohn's disease. Conclusions Overall we found a lower risk of celiac disease in our cohort of inflammatory bowel disease patients than in the general population; prevalence of celiac disease was higher in patients with ulcerative colitis than in those with Crohn's disease.

Introduction. Drug transporters, such as ABCB1, hOCT1, and ABCG2, control both intracellular and systemic plasma concentrations of BCR-ABL1 inhibitors. Our group previously reported that the hOCT1 c.480C>G polymorphism significantly correlated with higher rates of adverse events and shorter event-free survival (EFS) of patients receiving imatinib. Even if nilotinib has less affinity than imatinib for the transmembrane transporters, no definitive data about the possible role of their polymorphisms are available from the "real life". Methods. Through an approach similar to the one previously used for imatinib, we investigated any possible influence of ABCB1 and hOCT1 polymorphisms on the nilotinib efficacy and toxicity in a series of 78 CML patients receiving nilotinib as first-line therapy in 8 Italian Centers from June 2012 to June 2016. Lack of CCyR at 12 months, stop of treatment for any cause, loss of MR3 or CCyR, appearance of mutations were computed as events in the EFS assessment. The following polymorphisms were tested by real-time PCR: hOCT1: rs683369[c.480C>G]; ABCB1: rs1128503 [c.1236C>T], rs2032582[c.2677G>T/A], and rs1045642[c.3435C>T]. Results. Forty-six patients were male and 32 female; the median age was 47 years (range, 18-79); Sokal score was low in 44%, intermediate in 37%, and high in 19% of cases; EUTOS was high in 30%. Efficacy: 97% of patients were in CHR and 82% in early molecular response (EMR) at 3 months; 85% achieved the CCyR at 6 months, and 88% the MR3 with a median time of 6.1 months; 78% achieved a deep molecular response (DMR), with 14% of MR5, with a median time of 26 months.With a median follow-up of 36 months, no patient lost CCyR and 9% lost MR3. All patients are still alive; 23% of patients stopped nilotinib (one third of them because of failure), and half of them reduced toT SNP, 56% of patients were heterozigous and 22% omozigous polymorphic; for the c1236 C>T SNP, 54% of patients were heterozigous and 12% omozigous polymorphic; finally, for the hOCT1 c.480 C>G, 41% of patients were heterozigous and 10% omozigous polymorphic.We found that ABCB1 and hOCT1 polymorphisms did not condition the achievement of CHR, CCyR, or MR3. Nevertheless, polymorphism of ABCB1 (c.3435C>T) was associated with a higher probability of achieving DMR (90% vs 65%; p=0.04).A longer 3-year EFS was conditioned by the achievement of EMR (90% vs 75%; p=0.012) and of MR3 (90% vs 65%: p=0.04). We found that polymorphic or wild-type status of transporters did not impact on EFS.Toxicities were observed in 41% of cases, with 40% of grade 3 or 4; ABCB1 and hOCT1 polymorphisms did not condition toxicities or nilotinib discontinuation. Conclusions. Our previous studies showed that polymorphic hOCT1 negatively conditioned CCyR and EFS during imatinib treatment, and that the combination of ABCB1 and hOCT1 polymorphisms were related to higher levels of toxicity.On the contrary, the present study demonstrated that the same polymorphisms did not condition toxicity when patients received nilotinib as first-line treatment. About efficacy, even if in a multicentric "real life" setting, it resulted superimposable to that reported in literature. We found that hOCT1 polymorphism did not have any impact on the quality of response; on the contrary, the ABCB1 c.3435C>T polymorphism (that induces a lower efflux from the leukemic cell and lower intestinal and renal excretion) was associated to a high rate of deep molecular response.On the basis of these results, we demonstrated that hOCT1 and ABCB1 polymorphisms, differently from the imatinib setting, are not relevant in patients receiving nilotinib, and that patients polymorphic for ABCB1 can even receive an advantage on DMR. Disclosures Saglio: Ariad: Consultancy; Pfizer: Consultancy; Bristol Myers Squibb: Consultancy.

6629 Background: The FCR regimen (fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, rituximab) significantly improves the outcome of patients (pts) with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). However, myelotoxicity and immunosuppression are a limitation to the use of this regimen in elderly patients and in those with co-morbidities. The combination of rituximab (R) with chlorambucil (CLB; R-CLB) is an attractive therapeutic option for this subset of patients considering the expected good tolerability and potentially increased activity of this schedule. This study was designed to determine whether the R-CLB combination is a feasible and beneficial first-line treatment for elderly patients with CLL and to define the role of maintenance with R. Methods: 97 elderly patients requiring first-line therapy received CLB (8 mg/m²/day p.o., d1-d7, courses 1-8) and R (375 mg/m², course 3 and 500 mg/m², courses 4-8) every 28 days. Responsive patients were subsequently randomized to receive R maintenance (375 mg/m² every 2 months for 2 year...

Abstract 2462 Background: Two of the largest trials ever conducted in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) have shown that the addition of rituximab to fludarabine plus cyclophosphamide (R-FC) significantly improves outcome. However, myelotoxicity and immunosuppression limit the use of this regimen in patients with impaired performance status and pre-existing co-morbidities, predominantly in the elderly. Chlorambucil (CLB) remains a first-line treatment option for such patients. The use of CLB in combination with R is thus an attractive therapeutic option in view of the potentially increased activity compared to CLB alone and the likely good tolerability. This study was designed to determine whether the R-CLB combination is feasible and beneficial as first-line treatment for elderly patients with CLL and to define the role of maintenance R. Patients and Methods: Between October 2008 and January 2010, 97 elderly patients with untreated CD20+ CLL requiring therapy according to the IWCLL criteria were enrolled into the protocol. CLB treatment was administered every 28 days for up to 8 courses at a dose of 8 mg/m2/day p.o. on days 1–7 combined with 375 mg/m2 R for cycle 3 and 500 mg/m2 for cycles 4–8. Responsive patients were randomized to R maintenance (375 mg/m2 every 2 months for 2 years) versus observation. At baseline, blood samples were taken for FISH analysis, IgVH mutational status and expression of Zap-70 and CD38. Minimal residual disease (MRD) was planned to be evaluated on peripheral blood (PB) and bone marrow (BM) cells by four-color flow cytometry and, when required, by PCR. The primary endpoint was the overall response rate at the end of the induction phase defined according to the IWCLL 2008 on the intention-to-treat (ITT) population (all enrolled patients who received at least 1 dose of R). Secondary endpoints included the adverse event (AE) profile, progression-free and overall survival. Results: These are the data of the planned interim analysis based on the first 54 evaluable patients from 19 Italian centers, including tumor response at the end of the induction phase and safety. The median age of patients was 70.5 years (range 61–84): 14.8% were between 61 and 64, 31.5% between 65 and 69, 31.5% between 70 and 74, 16.7% between 75 and 79, and 5.6% were ≥80 years; thus, 53.8% of patients were over the age of 70; 70.4% were males; 25.9% were Binet stage A, 57.4% stage B and 16.7% stage C. The overall incidences of trisomy 12 and abnormalities of 13q, 11q23 and 17p13 were 24.5%, 52.8%, 20.8% and 5.7%, respectively; 7.5% of patients had p53 mutations. Of the 51/54 patients analyzed for the IgVH mutational status, 64.7% were unmutated; of the 53/54 patients studied, 39.6% were CD38+ and 71.7% were Zap-70+. The overall response rate on an ITT analysis was 81.4% (44/54 patients); a CR assessed by CT scan and trephine immunohistochemistry was found in 16.7% of cases (9 patients: 4 in Binet stage A, 3 in stage B and 2 in stage C), a CRi in 3.7% (2 patients), a nPR in 1.9% (1 patient) and a PR in 59.3% (32 patients). Eight of the 9 CR cases were investigated for MRD by flow cytometry and all proved positive: 6/8 had MRD levels Conclusions: Overall, the results of the interim analysis indicate that R-CLB is active and well tolerated in elderly patients with previously untreated CLL. Disclosures: Foa: Roche: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau. Montillo: Roche: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau. Runggaldier: Roche S.p.A. Monza: Employment. Gamba: Roche S.p.A. Monza: Employment.

La incidencia de desproporción prótesis-paciente (DPP), expresada como área del orificio efectivo indexada (AOEI), varía entre 19%-70% y su efecto sobre la morbimortalidad es controvertido. Esto es de interés debido a la frecuencia del procedimiento. Objetivo: determinar la incidencia acumulada de DPP y mortalidad quirúrgica en pacientes elegidos para cirugía de sustitución valvular aórtica (CSVA). Material y método: entre enero de 2004 y junio de 2007 se realizaron 131 CSVA en portadores de estenosis aórtica. Caso incidente de DPP: si AOEI < 0,85 cm²/m²; moderada, entre 0,85- 0,65 y severa < 0,65. En 13 (9,9%) no fue posible determinar el área del orificio efectivo (AOE). La mortalidad quirúrgica se considera según la Society of Thoracic Surgeons (EE.UU.). Las incidencias acumuladas (IC95%) se calcularon estratificadas por severidad de la DPP. La asociación DPP - mortalidad quirúrgica se exploró por probabilidad exacta. Resultado: la incidencia acumulada de DPP fue 41/118 (34,7%, IC95%: 26%-44%), moderada en 26/118 pacientes (22,0%, IC95%: 15%-31%) y severa en 15/118 (12,7%, IC95%: 7%-20%). En todos, la mortalidad quirúrgica fue 10/131 (7,6%, IC95%: 4%-14%), y en los que se estimó DPP fue 9/118 (7,6%, IC95%: 4%-14%). En los pacientes sin DPP fue 6/77 (7,8%, IC95%: 3%-17%) similar a los con DPP que fue 3/41 (7,3%, IC95%: 2%-20%), p=1. En la DPP moderada la mortalidad quirúrgica fue 1/26 (3,8% IC95%: 1%-19%) y en DPP severa 2/15 (13%, IC95%: 2%-40%). Conclusión: más del 30% de los pacientes con CSVA tuvieron DPP, siendo severa en 13%. No se encontró asociación entre DPP y mortalidad quirúrgica. The incidence of prosthesis-patient mismatch (PPM) expressed as the indexed effective orifice area (IEOA) varies between 19%-70% and its effect on morbidity and mortality is controversial. This is of interest because the frequency of the procedure. Objective: determine cumulative incidence of PPM and surgical mortality in patients selected for aortic valve replacement surgery (AVRS). Material and method: between January 2004 and June 2007, 131 surgeries for aortic stenosis were done. PPM incident case if AOEI

La fibrilación auricular (FA) es una de las complicaciones más frecuentes en el postoperatorio de cirugía de revascularización miocárdica (CRM). Identificar los factores de riesgo asociados con la FA post CRM podría contribuir al conocimiento de su fisiopatología y al desarrollo de estrategias de prevención adecuadas. Distintos estudios han evaluado la relación de la FA post CRM con factores quirúrgicos, como el uso de circulación extracorpórea. Los resultados obtenidos son controversiales. Objetivo: determinar la incidencia del diagnóstico de FA en el postoperatorio de CRM, estratificada según el uso o no de circulación extracorpórea. Material y método: se determinó la incidencia del diagnóstico de FA en pacientes a los que se les realizó primera cirugía de revascularización miocárdica, de coordinación, entre los años 1995 y 2004 (n=2.459). Se estratificó la incidencia de FA, según el uso o no de circulación extracorpórea. Resultado: el riesgo relativo (RR, IC 95%) de FA acumulada (con circulación extracorpórea) en el período abril de 1995 a diciembre de 2004 fue de 1,57 (1,18-2,02). Los RR anuales muestran valores en general por encima de 1, pero sus IC 95% no permiten rechazar la hipótesis nula. Conclusión: el uso de circulación extracorpórea se asoció con mayor incidencia de diagnóstico de FA en el postoperatorio de CRM, aunque con escaso significado clínico. Atrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the most common complications in the post-operative period of coronary artery bypass grafting. The detection of the risk factors for the development of post-operative AF could help to understand its physiopathology, and to develop useful prevention strategies. Many studies have assessed the relation between postoperative AF and surgical factors as the use of cardiopulmonary bypass. The studies’ results differ. Aims: to assess the incidence of the diagnosis of AF in the postoperative period of coronary artery bypass surgery, and its relation with the use of cardiopulmonary bypass. Methods: incidence of the diagnosis of AF was calculated in patients undergoing first and elective coronary artery bypass surgery from April 1995 to December 2004 (n=2459). Incidence of AF was calculated for patients undergoing on-pump and off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting. Results: The cumulative relative risk (CI 95%) of AF with on-pump surgery is 1.57 (1.18-2.02). The annual relative risks showed values over 1, but the confidence intervals did not allow rejecting the null hypothesis. Conclusion: the use of cardiopulmonary bypass was associated to an increased incidence in the diagnosis of postoperative AF, although with poor clinical significance.

Nos movemos en el mundo y nos contactamos con él a través de los informativos de la televisión, o los de la radio y prensa. Decimos a menudo que tenemos ideas sobre los lugares geográficos, lo cual significa, por supuesto, tener de ellos algún conocimiento o imagen. En definitiva, estamos hablando de los rastros que quedan en nuestros archivos mentales, o sea que los lugares geográficos no están sólo fuera de nosotros con la existencia física que les pertenece, sino que, están también dentro...