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1. Spoilage of king salmon (oncorhynchus tshawytscha) fillets stored under different atmospheres

Author

Fletcher, G.C, Summers, G., Corrigan, V., Cumarasamy, S., and Dufour, J.P.

Subjects
Chinook salmon -- Storage, Fish fillets -- Storage, Fishery products -- Spoilage, Fishery products -- Evaluation, Business, Food/cooking/nutrition
Abstract

A quality index for assessing spoilage of king salmon fillets is developed to compare its spoilage properties under different storage conditions.

Published
2002

2. Insights into Smoothies with High Levels of Fibre and Polyphenols: Factors Influencing Chemical, Rheological and Sensory Properties

Author

Sun-Waterhouse, D., Nair, S., Wibisono, R., Wadhwa, S. S., Massarotto, C., Duncan Hedderley, Zhou, J., Jaeger, S. R., and Corrigan, V.

Subjects
apple and blackcurrant polyphenols, Apple fibre, consumer acceptability, functional foods, stability
Abstract

Attempts to add fibre and polyphenols (PPs) into popular beverages present challenges related to the properties of finished products such as smoothies. Consumer acceptability, viscosity and phenolic composition of smoothies containing high levels of fruit fibre (2.5-7.5 g per 300 mL serve) and PPs (250-750 mg per 300 mL serve) were examined. The changes in total extractable PP, vitamin C content, and colour of selected smoothies over a storage stability trial (4°C, 14 days) were compared. A set of acidic aqueous model beverages were prepared to further examine the effect of two different heat treatments on the stability and extractability of PPs. Results show that overall consumer acceptability of high fibre and PP smoothies was low, with average hedonic scores ranging from 3.9 to 6.4 (on a 1-9 scale). Flavour, texture and overall acceptability decreased as fibre and polyphenol contents increased, with fibre content exerting a stronger effect. Higher fibre content resulted in greater viscosity, with an elevated PP content increasing viscosity only slightly. The presence of fibre also aided the stability and extractability of PPs after heating. A reduction of extractable PPs, vitamin C content and colour intensity of smoothies was observed after a 14-day storage period at 4°C. Two heat treatments (75°C for 45 min or 85°C for 1 min) that are normally used for beverage production, did not cause significant reduction of total extracted PPs. It is clear that high levels of added fibre and PPs greatly influence the consumer appeal of smoothies, suggesting the need to develop novel formulation and processing methods if a satisfactory functional beverage is to be developed incorporating these ingredients., {"references":["D. Sun-Waterhouse, J. Chen, C. Chuah, R. Wibisono, L. Melton, W.\nLaing, L. Ferguson, and M. A. 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Published
2010
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8. Optimizing Gas Mixtures for Modified Atmosphere Packaging of Fresh King Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha).

Author

Fletcher, G. C., Summers, G., Corrigan, V. K., Johanson, M. R., and Hedderley, D.

Subjects
FISHES, SALMON, ONCORHYNCHUS, SALMONIDAE, BACTERIAL growth, MICROBIAL growth
Abstract

Researchers have evaluated the effect of modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) on the shelf life of fish products. However, there is little published basis for recommended gas mixtures. Most stud- jes have examined the effects of empirical evidence of gas mixes on particular species, but they cannot he used to predict the effect of different gas mixes on shelf life. Further, while the fish:gas ratio has been shown to be a key determinant of bacterial growth under MAP, most studies did not control this parameter. The aim of our research was to optimize gas mixes and fish:gas ratios for the MAP storage of king salmon. Flesh portions from defined fillet positions were placed on drip pads and boxed, giving a standardized nominal volume of 27.4 cm³ and an exposed surface area of 14.4 cm². Each sample was placed in a foil barrier bag contaming an oxygen absorber. Controlled volumes (0-100 cm³) of CO² or 100 cm³ of a 40:60 mixture of C02:N2 were then hand-injected through a septa. Bags were stored in melting ice (0 ± 0.05°C) and analyzed after 0, 8, 22 and 90 days for headspace CO2 and 02, EH, fish freshness meter (Distell, West Lothian, Scotland) reading, drip loss, texture, raw and cooked sensory characteristics, microbial numbers, bacterial flora composition, total volatile base nitrogen (TVBN) and ATP derivatives. High CO2 levels reduced bacterial counts, but resulted in poor cooked sensory characteristics due to carbonated flavor. We calculated the threshold level of CO2 at which this could be detected by our trained panel. We also determined the solubility of CO2 in salmon flesh and calculated Henry's constant to resolve the relationship between gas mixes and the fish:gas ratio. We now have the basis of a simple mathematical model optimizing these to give maximum shelf life and sensory acceptability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2004
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10. Youth safety education and injury prevention program.

Author

Hall-Long BA, Schell K, and Corrigan V

Abstract

Unintentional injury remains the leading cause of death in U.S. children. This article provides a case evaluation of a school based youth safety education program based on the Think First National Injury Prevention Program curriculum. Partners for the program included an urban elementary school, a school of nursing, a Safe Kids Coalition, a regional trauma center, and pediatric, community, and critical care nurses. A convenience sample of 140 second grade children in a mid-Atlantic elementary school participated in a 1 hour-a-week injury prevention class over the course of 6 weeks. The Think First National Injury Prevention Program served as the core curriculum and evaluation framework. At the end of the program, knowledge test scores increased an average of 35% over pre-test measures. Ninety-eight percent of the faculty, staff nurses, student nurses, children, and parents indicated a positive overall value of the program and the need for it to continue on an ongoing basis. Safety resources are provided for pediatric nurses to use in their diverse practice settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2001

15. Necrotizing hepatitis caused by Clostridium novyi type B in a dog with no predisposing liver lesions: a case report.

Author

Trusiano B, Todd SM, Barrett S, Ciepluch M, Fox A, McClendon D, Lahmers KK, Oakes VJ, Carvallo F, Corrigan V, and LeCuyer TE

Subjects
Animals, Clostridium genetics, Dogs, Euthanasia, Animal, Female, Adenocarcinoma veterinary, Dog Diseases diagnosis, Hepatitis, Hepatitis A veterinary, Liver Neoplasms veterinary, Pancreatic Neoplasms veterinary
Abstract

Background: Infectious necrotic hepatitis (INH) is typically a disease of ruminants caused by Clostridium novyi type B. Growth of the causative agent is supported by development of an anaerobic environment within the liver. In dogs, C. novyi is rare and has only been previously reported as a post-mortem diagnosis. In one case, infection was secondary to metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma and the other was presumptively diagnosed on histopathology of a hepatic lesion in a dog initially presented for acute collapse., Case Presentation: An 8-year-old spayed, female mixed breed dog was presented for acute onset of hyporexia and vomiting. Serum biochemistry revealed elevated hepatocellular injury and cholestatic liver enzymes. Ultrasound revealed peritoneal fluid accumulation and multiple hepatic masses. Cytologic examination of liver aspirates and peritoneal fluid revealed frequent 4 × 1 μm bacilli with a terminal endospore. Anaerobic bacterial growth isolated from the fluid sample could not be identified using typical laboratory identification techniques. Long-read, whole genome sequencing was performed, and the organism was identified as Clostridium novyi type B. Antimicrobial and hepatic support treatment were initiated. The patient re-presented 27 days later, and the follow up liver aspirate with cytology revealed no appreciable bacteria and anaerobic culture was negative. The patient was presented four months later and a large hepatic mass and peritoneal fluid were again identified on abdominal ultrasound. Cytologic examination of the peritoneal fluid revealed bacilli similar to those identified on initial presentation. The patient was euthanized. The most significant finding on necropsy was necrotizing hepatitis with intralesional endospore-forming bacilli compatible with recurrence of Clostridium novyi type B. There was no identifiable cause of an anaerobic insult to the liver., Conclusions: This case demonstrates the diagnostic utility of using cytology as part of the initial diagnostic work up for infectious hepatitis. The cytologic findings coupled with whole genome sequencing and anaerobic culture were crucial for the identification and classification of the organism identified on fine needle aspirate. Clostridium novyi type B should be considered when bacilli organisms containing a terminal endospore are identified on liver aspirates collected from canine patients., (© 2022. The Author(s).)

Published
2022
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16. Incidence of Health and Behavior Problems in Service Dog Candidates Neutered at Various Ages.

Author

Zlotnick M, Corrigan V, Griffin E, Alayon M, and Hungerford L

Abstract

Saint Francis Service Dogs (SFSD) trains dogs to aid people with multiple sclerosis, brain injury, and many other conditions. Organizations like SFSD must carefully consider when to neuter dogs to give them the best chance at successfully completing lengthy and expensive training. The objective of this retrospective cohort study was to assess differences in the incidence of health or behavior problems leading to dismissal between dogs neutered at different ages. Data on 245 dogs-including birth date, sex, neuter date, dismissal or successful completion of training, and (where applicable) reason for dismissal-were collected from SFSD records. Age-at-neuter was grouped (<7 months; 7-11 months; > 11 months) and compared for dogs who successfully completed training and dogs who were dismissed. Dogs neutered from 7 to 11 months of age were dismissed at a significantly lower overall rate than dogs neutered at an older or younger age. There were no differences between males and females. Labrador and golden retrievers were less likely to be dismissed than other breeds. This pattern was the same for dismissals for behavioral reasons. Dogs neutered at <7 months had more than twice the risk for health-related dismissals as dogs neutered at any older age and this pattern held for orthopedic dismissals. Labradors were at higher risk for orthopedic-related dismissal than golden retrievers and all other breeds. This study suggests that there is a relationship between dogs' age at neuter and the incidence of health and behavioral problems that can lead to dismissal from service dog training., (Copyright © 2019 Zlotnick, Corrigan, Griffin, Alayon and Hungerford.)

Published
2019
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17. Treatment of Disseminated Aspergillosis with Posaconazole in 10 Dogs.

Author

Corrigan VK, Legendre AM, Wheat LJ, Mullis R, Johnson B, Bemis DA, and Cepero L

Subjects
Animals, Aspergillosis drug therapy, Dog Diseases drug therapy, Dogs, Naphthalenes therapeutic use, Terbinafine, Antifungal Agents therapeutic use, Aspergillosis veterinary, Dog Diseases microbiology, Triazoles therapeutic use
Abstract

Background: Few effective treatments for disseminated Aspergillus infections in dogs are available. Posaconazole has potent and broad-spectrum activity against Aspergillus spp., but its use has not yet been sufficiently evaluated in dogs., Hypothesis/objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the safety and efficacy of posaconazole for the treatment of naturally occurring disseminated Aspergillus infections in dogs., Animals: Ten client-owned dogs with disseminated aspergillosis., Methods: Prospective, nonrandomized, noncontrolled study with posaconazole administered to dogs at dosage of 5 mg/kg p.o. q12h. The primary veterinarian or the veterinary specialist caring for the dogs provided patient data., Results: The treatment response for dogs with disseminated disease while receiving posaconazole was defined as clinical remission (n = 4) and clinical improvement (n = 6). There was a high rate of relapse during treatment or after cessation of treatment in both groups, and most dogs died or were euthanized due to progressive disease. Excluding 1 dog concurrently treated with terbinafine that remains alive 5 years after diagnosis, the mean survival time for dogs was 241 days (range 44-516 days). Three other dogs lived >1 year after starting treatment. No clinically relevant adverse events or increases in serum liver enzyme activity occurred during treatment with posaconazole., Conclusions and Clinical Importance: Posaconazole appears to be safe and well-tolerated for treatment of disseminated Aspergillus infections in dogs. Long-term survival >1 year is possible with prolonged treatment, but relapse is common., (Copyright © 2015 The Authors. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine.)

Published
2016
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18. The cAMP-dependent protein kinase site (Ser312) enhances dorsal nuclear import through facilitating nuclear localization sequence/importin interaction.

Author

Briggs LJ, Stein D, Goltz J, Corrigan VC, Efthymiadis A, Hübner S, and Jans DA

Subjects
Animals, Animals, Genetically Modified, Base Sequence, Biological Transport, Cell Line, Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases chemistry, DNA Primers, Drosophila embryology, Drosophila metabolism, Female, Karyopherins, Kinetics, Phosphorylation, Rats, Recombinant Fusion Proteins metabolism, Tumor Cells, Cultured, Cell Nucleus metabolism, Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases metabolism, Drosophila Proteins, Nuclear Localization Signals, Nuclear Proteins metabolism, Phosphoproteins metabolism, Serine metabolism, Transcription Factors
Abstract

Control over the nuclear import of transcription factors (TFs) represents a level of gene regulation integral to cellular processes such as differentiation and transformation. The Drosophila TF Dorsal shares with other rel TF family members the fact that it contains a phosphorylation site for the cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) 22 amino acids N-terminal to the nuclear localization signal (NLS) at amino acids 335-340. This study examines for the first time the nuclear import kinetics of Dorsal fusion proteins in rat hepatoma cells in vivo and in vitro. Nuclear uptake was found to be not only NLS-dependent, but also strongly dependent on the PKA site, whereby substitution of Ser312 by either Ala or Glu using site-directed mutagenesis severely reduced nuclear accumulation. Exogenous cAMP or PKA catalytic subunit significantly enhanced the nuclear import of wild-type proteins both in vivo and in vitro. Using a direct binding assay, the molecular basis of PKA site enhancement of Dorsal fusion protein nuclear import was determined to be PKA site-mediated modulation of NLS recognition by the importin 58/97 complex. The physiological relevance of these results is supported by the observation that Drosophila embryos expressing PKA site Dorsal mutant variants were impaired in development. We conclude that the Dorsal NLS and PKA site constitute a phosphorylation-regulated NLS essential to Dorsal function and able to function in heterologous mammalian cell systems, where phosphorylation modulates the affinity of NLS recognition by importin.

Published
1998
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19. Clinical, echocardiographic, continuous wave and color Doppler evaluation of bioprosthetic cardiac valves in place for more than ten years.

Author

Weintraub WS, Clements SD, Dorney ER, Corrigan VE, Cohen CL, Hendren WG, Perkins JV, Jones EL, and Craver JM

Subjects
Aged, Aortic Valve, Echocardiography, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Heart Diseases diagnosis, Heart Diseases epidemiology, Hemodynamics, Humans, Incidence, Male, Middle Aged, Mitral Valve, Ultrasonography, Bioprosthesis, Heart Valve Prosthesis
Published
1990
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20. Ten-year experience with the porcine bioprosthetic valve: interrelationship of valve survival and patient survival in 1,050 valve replacements.

Author

Jones EL, Weintraub WS, Craver JM, Guyton RA, Cohen CL, Corrigan VE, and Hatcher CR Jr

Subjects
Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Bioprosthesis adverse effects, Child, Equipment Failure, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Heart Valve Prosthesis adverse effects, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Prognosis, Reoperation, Survival Rate, Aortic Valve, Bioprosthesis statistics & numerical data, Heart Valve Prosthesis statistics & numerical data, Mitral Valve
Abstract

The porcine bioprosthetic valve was used in 440 patients having isolated mitral valve replacement (MVR), 522 patients having isolated aortic valve replacement (AVR), and 88 patients having MVR + AVR between 1974 and 1981. Patients with associated surgical procedures were excluded. Mean follow-up was 8.3 years. At 10 years, there was no difference in patient survival between those having AVR and those having MVR. Reoperations were performed on 192 patients. Endocarditis was the reason for reoperation in 3.7% of patients who had MVR and 10.6% of those who had AVR. Structural valve degeneration was the reason for reoperation in 89.7% of MVR patients and 78.8% of AVR patients (p = 0.04). Hospital mortality among patients having valve reoperations was 4.7%. At 10 years, the freedom from valve reoperation for all causes and from structural valve degeneration was significantly better for the AVR group than the MVR group (74% +/- 3% versus 61% +/- 4%, p = 0.004; and 79% +/- 3% versus 63% +/- 4%, p = 0.0006, respectively). For patients in their 60s, the 10-year freedom from reoperation was 92% +/- 2% for AVR and 80% +/- 6% for MVR (p = not significant). At 10 years, freedom from cardiac-related death and valve reoperation was best for both MVR and AVR patients in their 60s. Patients 70 years old or older rarely had reoperation but died before valve failure occurred. The 10-year freedom from all major valve-related events (cardiac-related death, reoperation, thromboembolism, endocarditis, and anticoagulant-related bleeding) was practically the same for both MVR and AVR patients (48% +/- 3% versus 49% +/- 3%, respectively). The porcine bioprosthetic valve is the valve of choice only for patients 60 years old or older. Patients in their 70s have an extremely low rate of reoperation but a high rate of cardiac-related death and do not outlive the prostheses.

Published
1990
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