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Background: Firearms-related health sciences research has documented disparities in fatal and nonfatal firearm injury impacting populations in the United States defined by race and ethnicity, age, gender, and geography. Recent reports from research and advocacy organizations have highlighted a need for this research to include sexual and gender minority (ie, lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer [LGBTQ+]) populations to guide public health efforts to prevent homicide, suicide, and injury., Purpose: The current review examines and summarizes existing research related to firearms and LGBTQ+ populations in the United States., Methods: A search of PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, PsycInfo, LGBT Life, and Scopus was conducted in May 2024 using search strings related to LGBTQ+ populations, firearms, and suicide. Articles were included in this review if they were peer-reviewed, empirical studies assessing any construct related to firearms among LGBTQ+ people in the United States., Results: Ultimately, 35 studies were included. Constructs examined in included studies were suicide (n = 6), homicide (n = 4), responses to the Pulse nightclub shooting (n = 9), nonfatal interpersonal violence (n = 4), and firearm access and ownership (n = 12)., Conclusions: Findings identified substantial gaps in the literature, underscoring an urgent need for LGBTQ+ health researchers and firearm injury prevention researchers to collaboratively extend and improve the evidence base on firearms among LGBTQ+ populations. Key recommendations include improving Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity data collection in firearms research, collecting original data to address LGBTQ+-specific and LGBTQ+-inclusive research questions regarding firearms, broadening the scope of firearms constructs assessed among LGTBQ+ populations, and using intersectionality to guide future research., (© Society of Behavioral Medicine 2025. All rights reserved. For commercial re-use, please contact reprints@oup.com for reprints and translation rights for reprints. All other permissions can be obtained through our RightsLink service via the Permissions link on the article page on our site—for further information please contact journals.permissions@oup.com.)

This study investigates baseline differences in couples enrolled in the "It Takes Two" HIV prevention intervention for transgender women and their partners, comparing in-person participation pre-COVID-19 and digital participation during the pandemic. Among 52 couples (40% in-person, 60% digital), bivariate analyses revealed that in-person participants were more likely to be African American, have cisgender male partners, report higher unemployment, incarceration histories, greater relationship stigma, and lower relationship quality. The findings highlight the limitations of digital modalities in engaging transgender women of color and those with structural vulnerabilities. The study emphasizes that reliance on digital methods in HIV research jeopardizes the inclusion of those lacking technological access and literacy, especially communities disproportionately impacted by HIV. Researchers must incorporate hybrid or in-person options and engage communities to ensure equity and inclusion, thus overcoming barriers and ensuring comprehensive population reach in HIV prevention studies., Competing Interests: Declarations. Ethical Approval: All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Informed Consent: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study. Conflicts of Interest: Each of the authors declare that they have no conflict of interest., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)

Introduction: Healthcare avoidance and delay is prevalent among transgender (trans) populations. This study sought to identify patterns of healthcare avoidance and delay and examine their associations with 5 behavioral health outcomes among trans adults: depression, anxiety, tobacco and alcohol use, and intimate partner violence., Methods: This study used survey data collected in 2023 from 789 trans adults in Washington state. Healthcare avoidance and delay was operationalized using latent class analysis with 4 indicators. Adjusted multinomial models predicted class membership by 10 demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, and adjusted logistic regression models predicted each outcome by class., Results: The sample was predominantly White (60.3%), trans women (82.7%), and financially stable (59.6%). Participants were assigned to one of 3 classes: Low Healthcare Avoidance and Delay (58.9%), Stigma Healthcare Avoidance and Delay class (33.6%), and Combined Healthcare Avoidance and Delay class (i.e., both cost and stigma, 7.5%). Combined members were younger, more likely to be trans men or nonbinary, and occupied lower socioeconomic positions than other classes. Stigma members were more likely to live in rural or suburban areas than the Low class. Stigma and Combined members were associated with increased odds of depressive symptoms, anxious symptoms, and intimate partner violence., Conclusions: Although the demographic profiles of the Combined Healthcare Avoidance and Delay and Stigma Healthcare Avoidance and Delay classes were distinct, the behavioral health of these groups was comparable. Preventing healthcare avoidance and delay among trans adults and mitigating its potential health consequences requires greater attention to health services affordability and acceptability., (Copyright © 2025 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)