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Background: Levetiracetam has a favorable pharmacology profile to be used subcutaneously. However, its subcutaneous use is still considered off-label as this is beyond its license. The evidence base for its safety, tolerability, and efficacy is limited to observational studies. Objectives: To report the safety and efficacy of subcutaneous levetiracetam in Latino patients on home care. Design: Observational retrospective case series study. Subjects: Consecutive sample of Latino adults with life-limiting illnesses. Methods: A case series framework with 4 domains (selection, ascertainment, causality, and reporting) to ensure reporting quality was used. Additionally, 8 relevant outcomes established in a previous comprehensive review, were collected and reported. Adverse reactions were documented using the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events. Results: Fifteen Latino patients with oncological and non-oncological diagnoses received subcutaneous levetiracetam for a mean of 21 days on home care. Levetiracetam was most frequently initiated subcutaneously due to loss of the oral route. The average dosage of subcutaneous levetiracetam was 1200 mg. Only 1 patient required a dose adjustment, and only 2 patients experienced a total of 5 seizures during the therapy trial. No adverse reactions were reported. Conclusions: Subcutaneous levetiracetam appears to be effective and safe. This case series of Latino patients in home care expands the evidence of its use in the home care setting. The preliminary data reported by now on multiple case series warrants robust trials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Patients with life-limiting illnesses receiving palliative care have a high symptom burden that can be challenging to manage. Guided imagery (GI), a complementary and integrative therapy in which patients are induced to picture mental images with sensory components, has proven in quasi-experimental studies to be effective as a complementary therapy for symptom management. Objective: To systematically review randomized controlled trials that report evidence of guided imagery for symptom management in patients with life-limiting illnesses. Methods: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guideline was followed for this review and the search strategy was applied in Medline, CINHAL, and Web of Science. The quality of articles was evaluated using the Cochrane Collaboration's Risk-of-Bias Tool 2 (RoB 2). The results are presented using the Guidance on the Conduct of Narrative Synthesis in Systematic Reviews. Results: A total of 8822 studies were initially identified through the search strategy, but after applying exclusion criteria, 14 randomized controlled trials were included in this review. The quality assessment revealed that four studies had a high risk of bias, nine had some concerns, and one had a low risk of bias. Out of the 14 studies, 6 evaluated oncological diagnosis, while the remaining 8 focused on nononcological diagnoses across 6 different diseases. GI was found to be effective in managing symptoms in 10 out of the 14 studies. Regardless of the disease stage, patients who received guided imagery experienced relief from anxiety, depression, pain, sleep disturbances, and fatigue. Conclusion: GI therapy has shown promising results regarding symptom management in palliative care patients with life-limiting illnesses at different stages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Ototoxicity is a common disabling side effect of platinum‐based chemotherapy. This study aimed to assess the evidence on the management of platinum‐induced ototoxicity in adult cancer patients. Methods: Four databases were searched up to 1 November 2022. Original studies were included if they reported on a pharmacologic or non‐pharmacologic intervention to prevent or treat platinum ototoxicity in adults. The articles' quality was assessed via two grading scales. Results: Nineteen randomised controlled trials and five quasi‐experimental studies with 1673 patients were analysed. Eleven interventions were identified, nine pharmacological and two non‐pharmacological. Six of the interventions (sodium thiosulphate, corticoids, sertraline, statins, multivitamins and D‐methionine) showed mild benefits in preventing cisplatin‐induced ototoxicity. Only one trial assessed corticoids as a potential treatment. Overall, only six trials were deemed with a low risk of bias. The majority of studies inadequately documented intervention‐related adverse effects, thereby limiting safety conclusions. Conclusions: Current interventions have mild benefits in preventing cisplatin‐induced ototoxicity in adult cancer patients. Sodium thiosulphate is the most promising intervention as a preventive strategy. Rigorous, high‐quality research is warranted, encompassing an evaluation of all potential symptoms and innovative treatment modalities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background : Infections are common in patients with advanced illnesses for whom the intravenous or oral route is not possible. The subcutaneous administration of antibiotics is a promising alternative, but there is not enough theoretical support for its use. This study aims to explore the effectiveness and safety of subcutaneous antibiotic therapy in the context of palliative care in elderly patients. Methods : A systematic review was conducted using PubMed and Embase, without time or language limits. Seven articles were selected on the effectiveness of subcutaneous antibiotic therapy in adult patients with chronic progressive diseases. The quality of the articles was assessed with the Newcastle Ottawa Scale and relevant data was extracted using a selection capture file. Results : Seven quasi-experimental studies evaluated 865 elderly patients with advanced diseases, comorbidities, and infections (ie, urinary tract, respiratory system, and bone joint) who received subcutaneous antibiotic therapy (ie, Ceftriaxone, Ertapenem, and Teicoplanin). The pooled success rate of subcutaneous antibiotics for the 7 studies was 71%, the therapy failure rate was 22%, its withdrawal mean was 8%, and the mean mortality rate was 7%. The studies were of low quality and were heterogeneous in the types of infections, types of antibiotics, time of follow-up, and outcomes assessed. Conclusions : Pilot studies have found a limited number of antibiotics that can be safely used to treat specific infections. Nevertheless, the data isn´t robust enough to recommend their use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Context: Telemedicine offers the opportunity to provide remote palliative care for patients to control symptoms and improve quality of life, even for patients with advanced diseases. Objectives: Establish a telemedicine model of rural palliative care for advanced cancer patients with difficulties in accessing standard care. Methods: This review comports with the minimum standards described in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) and uses the palliative care literature review iterative method (PALETTE) proposed by Zwakman et al in 2018. Results: Three hundred, ninety-two articles were identified in PubMed and EMBASE databases and alternative search engines such as Google Scholar and OpenGrey. A telemedicine delivery model was developed for patients with limited access to standard care, which consists of identifying the candidate population, establishing the most convenient telemedicine modality, agreeing with patients and caregivers on palliative care needs, and evaluating the interventions effectiveness. Conclusion: Telemedicine is a revolutionary tool to provide palliative care to advanced cancer patients whose clinical condition or location prevent them from accessing conventional care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Background Aim Design Data Sources Results Conclusion Patients with end‐stage renal disease undergoing dialysis suffer from muscle cramps, a prevalent and burdensome symptom for which there is a paucity of efficient and safe treatments.What is the efficacy and safety of pharmacological interventions for the treatment of dialysis‐related muscle cramps?A systematic review was conducted in OVID, CINAHL, PubMed, Web of Science, and Central Cochrane databases up to August 25, 2023.Experimental studies reporting on a pharmacological intervention for the treatment of dialysis‐related muscle cramps were included. The review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analysis, and the studies quality was assessed with the RoB2 tool.A total of 4660 studies were retrieved, and 13 articles were included. The studies reported on nine interventions: vitamin C, vitamin E, vitamin K2, vitamin B7, dextrose solutions, gabapentin, sodium chloride, creatine monohydrate, and L‐carnitine. The studies testing L‐carnitine and creatine monohydrate were the only ones deemed to have a low risk of bias. Side effects were reported in only two trials, consisting primarily of gastrointestinal discomfort and hyperglycemia. Vitamins C and E are the two most studied interventions that showed positive results in reducing the frequency, severity, and duration of dialysis‐related muscle cramps. L‐carnitine is a promising intervention that warrants further investigation.Our review consolidates the existing evidence, elucidating the range of treatments along with their potential benefits and limitations. Future studies should uphold high‐quality standards, incorporate patient‐reported outcomes, and utilize well‐defined, robust samples to improve patient care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]