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2. The beginnings of George Eliot : the creative process of the early fiction

Author

Corner, J.

Subjects
820.9008
Abstract

My dissertation aims to determine the means by which Marian Evans began to write fiction. It argues that her beginnings were achieved through a process of self-reinvention, from which she emerged as George Eliot, the artistic identity for which she became universally known. My thesis is that Marian Evans was only aware of, and therefore able to present, her self-reinvention while actively engaged in that process. The fiction is therefore read for its expression of the shifts and schisms in her identity. In the light of the seemingly unbridgeable distance between the limited voice of Marian Evans' letters, diaries and essays, and the breadth of sympathy and insight found in George Eliot's fiction, this process of self-reinvention is analysed for its capacity to realise large reserves of latent potential. I employ a varied psychoanalytic methodology, drawing principally upon the theories of Melanie Klein and D.W. Winnicott, to demonstrate that George Eliot's artistic beginnings were achieved through challenges to, or circumventions of, the super-ego. The super-ego is represented in her fiction by Nemesis, the goddess of retribution. Paradoxically, therefore, my dissertation refigures scenes of traditional closure as moments of beginning. My reinterpretation does not sever George Eliot from all previous understandings. Through a literary history of Nemesis I establish that this feature is identified traditionally with necessity. I show that necessity was a transitional concept in the nineteenth-century, viewed either as an absolute bond between cause and effect, or as open to the subjectivity of the imagination. I argue that it is the dialectic between Nemesis as a lawful, moral figure and Nemesis as an eruptive, revolutionary figure, which energises George Eliot's fiction. The discordance between the conscious agenda of the fiction and its creative process is charted through the early fiction.

Published
1998

7. The changing vaccine landscape: rates of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and hesitancy in young adults during vaccine rollout.

Author

Knight, H, Jia, R, Ayling, K, Blake, H, Morling, JR, Villalon, AM, Corner, J, Denning, C, Ball, J, Bolton, K, Figueredo, G, Morris, D, Tighe, P, and Vedhara, K

Abstract

Aims: Development and rollout of vaccines offers the best opportunity for population protection against the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) virus. However, hesitancy towards the vaccines might impede successful uptake in the United Kingdom, particularly in young adults who demonstrate the highest rates of hesitancy. This prospective study explored COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in young adults and whether the reasons behind these attitudes changed during the initial stages of the United Kingdom's vaccine rollout. Method: Data on vaccination intention were collected from a British university student cohort at three time points: October 2020, February 2021, and March 2021. This online survey included items on intention to receive a vaccine and a free-text response for the reasons behind this intention. Cochran's Q tests examined changes in rates of hesitancy and acceptance over time and free-text responses were analysed thematically. Results: At baseline, 893 students provided data, with 476 participants completing all three time points. Hesitancy declined over time, with 29.4% of participants expressing hesitancy at baseline, reducing to 9.1% at wave 2 and 5.9% at wave 3. The most commonly endorsed themes for those willing to accept a vaccine were self-protection against COVID-19 and pro-social reasons, including protecting the population or unspecific others, and ending the pandemic/returning to normal life. The most commonly endorsed hesitancy themes related to 'confidence' in the vaccines and potential personal risk, including insufficient testing/scientific evidence, concern about side effects, and long-term effects. These reasons remained the most commonly endorsed at both waves 2 and 3. Conclusions: While a decline in hesitancy was observed over time, the key reasons behind both vaccine acceptance and hesitancy remained consistent. Reasons behind hesitancy aligned with those of the general public, providing support for the use of generalist interventions. Pro-social reasons frequently underpinned vaccine acceptance, so cohort-specific interventions targeting those factors may be of benefit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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10. The changing vaccine landscape: rates of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and hesitancy in young adults during vaccine rollout

Author

Knight, H, primary, Jia, R, additional, Ayling, K, additional, Blake, H, additional, Morling, JR, additional, Villalon, AM, additional, Corner, J, additional, Denning, C, additional, Ball, J, additional, Bolton, K, additional, Figueredo, G, additional, Morris, D, additional, Tighe, P, additional, and Vedhara, K, additional

Published
2022
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11. Exploring the Psychological Impacts of COVID-19 Social Restrictions on International University Students:A Qualitative Study

Author

Al-Oraibi, A., Fothergill, L., Yildirim, M., Knight, H., Carlisle, S., O’connor, M., Briggs, L., Morling, J.R., Corner, J., Ball, J.K., Denning, C., Vedhara, K., Blake, H., Al-Oraibi, A., Fothergill, L., Yildirim, M., Knight, H., Carlisle, S., O’connor, M., Briggs, L., Morling, J.R., Corner, J., Ball, J.K., Denning, C., Vedhara, K., and Blake, H.

Abstract

The global COVID-19 pandemic has impacted on the mental well-being of university students, but little attention has been given to international students, who may have a unique experience and perspective. The aim of this study was to explore the views of international students and university staff towards COVID-19 restrictions, self-isolation, their well-being, and support needs, through eight online focus groups with international students ( = 29) and semi-structured interviews with university staff ( = 17) at a higher education institution in England. Data were analysed using an inductive thematic approach, revealing three key themes and six subthemes: (1) practical, academic, and psychological challenges faced during self-isolation and the COVID-19 pandemic; (2) coping strategies to self-isolation and life during the pandemic; and (3) views on further support needed for international students. International students faced practical, academic, and psychological challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly relating to the rapid transition to online learning and the impact of social restrictions on integration with peers and well-being. Online social connections with peers, family, or new acquaintances reduced feelings of isolation and encouraged involvement in university life. Despite raising mental health concerns, most international students did not access mental health support services. Staff related this to perceived stigma around mental health in certain cultural groups. In conclusion, international students experienced specific practical and emotional challenges during the pandemic, and are at risk of mental ill-health, but may not actively seek out support from university services. Proactive and personalised approaches to student support will be important for positive student experiences and the retention of students who are studying abroad in the UK higher education system.

Published
2022

12. Exploring the Psychological Impacts of COVID-19 Social Restrictions on International University Students : A Qualitative Study

Author

Al-Oraibi, A., Fothergill, L., Yildirim, M., Knight, H., Carlisle, S., O’connor, M., Briggs, L., Morling, J.R., Corner, J., Ball, J.K., Denning, C., Vedhara, K., Blake, H., Al-Oraibi, A., Fothergill, L., Yildirim, M., Knight, H., Carlisle, S., O’connor, M., Briggs, L., Morling, J.R., Corner, J., Ball, J.K., Denning, C., Vedhara, K., and Blake, H.

Abstract

The global COVID-19 pandemic has impacted on the mental well-being of university students, but little attention has been given to international students, who may have a unique experience and perspective. The aim of this study was to explore the views of international students and university staff towards COVID-19 restrictions, self-isolation, their well-being, and support needs, through eight online focus groups with international students ( = 29) and semi-structured interviews with university staff ( = 17) at a higher education institution in England. Data were analysed using an inductive thematic approach, revealing three key themes and six subthemes: (1) practical, academic, and psychological challenges faced during self-isolation and the COVID-19 pandemic; (2) coping strategies to self-isolation and life during the pandemic; and (3) views on further support needed for international students. International students faced practical, academic, and psychological challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly relating to the rapid transition to online learning and the impact of social restrictions on integration with peers and well-being. Online social connections with peers, family, or new acquaintances reduced feelings of isolation and encouraged involvement in university life. Despite raising mental health concerns, most international students did not access mental health support services. Staff related this to perceived stigma around mental health in certain cultural groups. In conclusion, international students experienced specific practical and emotional challenges during the pandemic, and are at risk of mental ill-health, but may not actively seek out support from university services. Proactive and personalised approaches to student support will be important for positive student experiences and the retention of students who are studying abroad in the UK higher education system.

Published
2022

16. sj-docx-1-rsh-10.1177_17579139221094750 – Supplemental material for The changing vaccine landscape: rates of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and hesitancy in young adults during vaccine rollout

Author

Knight, H, Jia, R, Ayling, K, Blake, H, Morling, JR, Villalon, AM, Corner, J, Denning, C, Ball, J, Bolton, K, Figueredo, G, Morris, D, Tighe, P, and Vedhara, K

Subjects
111708 Health and Community Services, 111799 Public Health and Health Services not elsewhere classified, FOS: Health sciences
Abstract

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-rsh-10.1177_17579139221094750 for The changing vaccine landscape: rates of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and hesitancy in young adults during vaccine rollout by H Knight, R Jia, K Ayling, H Blake, JR Morling, AM Villalon, J Corner, C Denning, J Ball, K Bolton, G Figueredo, D Morris, P Tighe and K Vedhara in Perspectives in Public Health

Published
2022
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42. Raman Lidar Measurements During the International H2O Project

Author

Whiteman, D. N, Demoz, B, DiGirolamo, P, Corner, J, Veselovskii, I, Evans, K, Wang, Z, Sabatino, D, Schwemmer, G, and Gentry, B

Subjects
Communications And Radar
Abstract

The NASA/GSFC Scanning Raman Lidar (SRL) participated in the International H2O Project (IHOP) that occurred in May and June, 2002 in the midwestern part of the U. S. The SRL system configuration and methods of data analysis were described in part I of this paper. In this second part, comparisons of SRL water vapor measurements and those of chilled mirror radiosonde and LASE airborne water vapor lidar are performed. Two case studies are presented; one for daytime and one for nighttime. The daytime case study is of a convectively driven boundary layer event and is used to characterize the SRL water vapor random error characteristics. The nighttime case study is of a thunderstorm-generated cirrus cloud case that is studied in it s meteorological context. Upper tropospheric humidification due to precipitation from the cirrus cloud is quantified as is the cirrus cloud ice water content and particle depolarization ratio. These detailed cirrus cloud measurements are being used in a cirrus cloud modeling study.

Published
2005

49. Facilitating early diagnosis of lung cancer amongst primary care patients: The views of GPs

Author

Wagland, R., Brindle, L., James, E., Moore, M., Esqueda, A.I., and Corner, J.

Subjects
general practice, Male, Primary Care and Cancer Control Section, Lung Neoplasms, Primary Health Care, Attitude of Health Personnel, Early diagnosis, general practice, lung cancer, symptom awareness, symptoms, Focus Groups, symptom awareness, Health Services Accessibility, lung cancer, England, General Practitioners, symptoms, Humans, Original Article, Female, Referral and Consultation, Early Detection of Cancer, early diagnosis
Abstract

Early diagnosis of lung cancer (LC) is a policy priority. However, symptoms are vague, associated with other morbidities, and frequently unrecognised by both patients and general practitioners (GPs). This qualitative study, part of a larger mixed methods study, explored GP views regarding the potential for early diagnosis of LC within primary care. Five focus group discussions (FGDs) were conducted with GPs (n = 16) at primary care practices (n = 5) across four counties in south England. FGDs were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed using a framework approach. Four broad themes emerged: patients’ reporting of symptoms; GP response to symptoms; investigating LC, and; potential initiatives for early diagnosis. GPs reported they often required high levels of suspicion to refer patients on to specialist respiratory consultations, and concerns of ‘system overload’ were prevalent. Greater access to more sensitive diagnostic investigations such as computed tomography, was argued for by some, particularly for symptomatic patients with negative chest X-rays. GPs challenged current approaches to promoting earlier diagnosis through national symptom awareness campaigns, arguing instead that interventions targeted at high-risk individuals might be more effective without burdening services already under pressure. Further work is needed to identify primary care patients who might most benefit from such targeted interventions.

Published
2017

50. Supportive care needs of patients following treatment for colorectal cancer: risk factors for unmet needs and the association between unmet needs and health-related quality of life-results from the ColoREctal Wellbeing (CREW) study.

Author

Sodergren, S. C., Wheelwright, S. J., Permyakova, N. V., Patel, M., Calman, L., Smith, P. W. F., Din, A., Richardson, A., Fenlon, D., Winter, J., Corner, J., Foster, C., Members of Study Advisory Committee, Armes, Jo, Baird, Janis, Bateman, Andrew, Beck, Nick, Moon, Graham, Hall, Peter, and Poole, Karen

Abstract

Purpose: To investigate unmet needs of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) at the end of treatment and whether unmet needs improve over time. Identify predictors of need following treatment and whether unmet need is associated with worse health-related quality of life (HRQoL).Methods: As part of the UK ColoREctal Wellbeing (CREW) cohort study, patients treated for CRC completed the Supportive Care Needs Survey Short Form-34 (SCNS SF-34) 15 and 24 months following surgery, along with questionnaires measuring HRQoL, wellbeing, life events, social support, and confidence to manage their cancer before surgery, 3, 9, 15, and 24 months post-surgery.Results: The SCNS SF-34 was completed by 526 patients at 15 months and 510 patients at 24 months. About one-quarter of patients had at least one moderate or severe unmet need at both time points. Psychological and physical unmet needs were the most common and did not improve over time. Over 60% of patients who reported 5 or more moderate or severe unmet needs at 15 months experienced the same level of unmet need at 24 months. HRQoL at the beginning of treatment predicted unmet needs at the end of treatment. Unmet needs, specifically physical, psychological, and health system and information needs, were associated with poorer health and HRQoL at the end of treatment.Conclusions: Unmet needs persist over time and are associated with HRQoL. Evaluation of HRQoL at the start of treatment would help inform the identification of vulnerable patients. Assessment and care planning in response to unmet needs should be integrated into person-centred care.Implications For Cancer Survivors: Early identification of CRC patients at risk of unmet needs will help infrom personalised survivorship care plans. The implementation of personalised and tailored services are likely to confer HRQoL gains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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