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271 results on '"Corkhill, Claire L."'

6. Bending Bad-Testing Caramel Wafer Bars (#TestATunnocks)

Author

Birch, Stephen M. I., Bates, Joanna, Bell, Michael, Christofidou, Katerina A., Corkhill, Claire L., Hearnden, Vanessa, Lopez, Elisa Alonso, Mason, Louise C., Southworth, Amanda, and Dean, Julian S.

Abstract

During the coronavirus pandemic, there have been significant challenges in the remote teaching and demonstration of experiments, especially those that require laboratory testing equipment. With a desire to give students a feel for our materials laboratory on open days and allow them to gain a deeper understanding of what materials science and engineering is about, we have designed an experiment focused on composite materials that can be performed remotely and without specialist equipment. This enabled students to experience a bend test sensorily through seeing, hearing and feeling it, creating a strong link to then being able to relate it to the pre-prepared experimental data taken in the laboratory. This fun, easy-to-run and engaging experiment allowed a shared experience and encouraged a discussion about students' observations, differences in results and implications of the bend strength of sandwich composites. We have found it not only works well universally by all ages but can be used with younger children to think about words such as 'stronger', 'stiffer' and 'flexible' and how materials can be different in different directions.

Published
2021
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30. Analysis of the Structure of Heavy Ion Irradiated LaFeO3Using Grazing Angle X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy

Author

Townsend, Luke T., Corkhill, Claire L., Hewitt, David R., Gandy, Amy S., Hyatt, Neil C., and Stennett, Martin C.

Abstract

Crystalline ceramics are candidate materials for the immobilization of radionuclides, particularly transuranics (such as U, Pu, and Am), arising from the nuclear fuel cycle. Due to the α-decay of transuranics and the associated recoil of the parent nucleus, crystalline materials may eventually be rendered amorphous through changes to the crystal lattice caused by these recoil events. Previous work has shown irradiation of titanate-based ceramics to change the local cation environment significantly, particularly in the case of Ti which was shown to change from 6- to 5-fold coordination. Here, this work expands the Ti-based study to investigate the behavior in Fe-based materials, using LaFeO3as an example material. Irradiation was simulated by heavy ion implantation of the bulk LaFeO3ceramic, with the resulting amorphous layer characterized with grazing angle X-ray absorption spectroscopy (GA-XAS). Insights into the Fe speciation changes exhibited by the amorphized surface layer were provided through quantitative analysis, including pre-edge analysis, and modeling of the extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS), of the GA-XAS data.

Published
2024
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31. Glass structure and crystallization in boro-alumino-silicate glasses containing rare earth and transition metal cations: a US-UK collaborative program

Author

McCloy, John S., Marcial, José, Patil, Deepak, Saleh, Muad, Ahmadzadeh, Mostafa, Chen, Hua, Crum, Jarrod V., Riley, Brian J., Kamat, Hrishikesh, Bréhault, Antoine, Goel, Ashutosh, Barnsley, Kristian E., Hanna, John V., Rajbhandari, Prashant, Corkhill, Claire L., Hand, Russell J., and Hyatt, Neil C.

Published
2019
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34. The mineralogical and biogeochemical transformations associated with As-bearing sulphide minerals in acid mine drainage system

Author

Corkhill, Claire L.

Subjects
622.5
Abstract

Arsenopyrite (FeAsS) and enargite (CU3ASS4) are the most common As-bearing sulphide minerals in acid mine drainage environments. Orpiment (AS2S3) and realgar (AsS) are also found. In the environment, these minerals are unstable under oxidising conditions, and significant concentrations of As can be released into groundwater upon weathering. Acidophilic bacteria such as Leptospirillum ferrooxidans have been shown to enhance the dissolution of sulphide minerals in these environments, and could therefore accelerate the release of arsenic.

Published
2008

36. A multimodal X-ray spectroscopy investigation of uranium speciation in ThTi2O6 compounds with the brannerite structure.

Author

Dixon Wilkins, Malin C., Townsend, Luke T., Stennett, Martin C., Kvashnina, Kristina O., Corkhill, Claire L., and Hyatt, Neil C.

Subjects
CHEMICAL speciation, RAMAN spectroscopy, URANIUM, X-ray absorption, OXIDATION states, RADIOACTIVITY, X-ray spectroscopy
Abstract

ThTi2O6 derived compounds with the brannerite structure were designed, synthesised, and characterised with the aim of stabilising incorporation of U5+ or U6+, at dilute concentration. Appropriate charge compensation was targeted by co-substitution of Gd3+, Ca2+, Al3+, or Cr3+, on the Th or Ti site. U L3 edge X-ray Absorption Near Edge Spectroscopy (XANES) and High Energy Resolution Fluorescence Detected U M4 edge XANES evidenced U5+ as the major oxidation state in all compounds, with a minor fraction of U6+ (2–13%). The balance of X-ray and Raman spectroscopy data support uranate, rather than uranyl, as the dominant U6+ speciation in the reported brannerites. It is considered that the U6+ concentration was limited by unfavourable electrostatic repulsion arising from substitution in the octahedral Th or Ti sites, which share two or three edges, respectively, with neighbouring polyhedra in the brannerite structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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41. Physical and optical properties of the International Simple Glass

Author

Kaspar, Tiffany C., Ryan, Joseph V., Pantano, Carlo G., Rice, Jarrett, Trivelpiece, Cory, Hyatt, Neil C., Corkhill, Claire L., Mann, Colleen, Hand, Russell J., Kirkham, Michael A., Crawford, Charles L., Jantzen, Carol M., Du, Jincheng, Lu, Xiaonan, Harrison, Michael T., Cushman, Cody, Linford, Matthew R., and Smith, Nicholas J.

Published
2019
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42. An Investigation of Iodovanadinite Wasteforms for the Immobilisation of Radio-Iodine and Technetium.

Author

Bailey, Daniel J., Johnstone, Erik V., Stennett, Martin C., Corkhill, Claire L., and Hyatt, Neil C.

Subjects
ISOSTATIC pressing, TECHNETIUM, HOT pressing, IODINE, FISSION products, SCANNING electron microscopy
Abstract

99Tc and 129I are two long-lived, highly soluble and mobile fission products that pose a long-term hazard. A proposed wasteform for the disposal of radio-iodine is iodovanadinite (Pb5(VO4)3I), an apatite-structured vanadate. In this investigation, a suite of potential iodovanadinite wasteforms designed for the co-disposal of Tc and I or the sole disposal of I were synthesised via hot isostatic pressing (with Mo as a surrogate for Tc). It was found that direct synthesis from oxide and iodide precursors was possible using hot isostatic pressing (HIPing). Increasing overpressure during HIPing was found to improve the density of the final product. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses indicated that the use of AgI as the source of iodine affected the formation of the target iodovanadinite phase and produced unfavourable phase assemblages. Here, we report the direct synthesis of Pb5(VO4)3I in a single step by hot isostatic pressing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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43. Micro- and Nanoscale Surface Analysis of Late Iron Age Glass from Broborg, a Vitrified Swedish Hillfort

Author

Matthews, Bethany E, primary, Neeway, James J, additional, Farias, Lorena Nava, additional, Marcial, José, additional, Arey, Bruce W, additional, Soltis, Jennifer, additional, Kovarik, Libor, additional, Zhu, Zihua, additional, Schweiger, Michael J, additional, Canfield, Nathan, additional, Varga, Tamas, additional, Bowden, Mark E, additional, Weaver, Jamie L, additional, McCloy, John S, additional, Sjöblom, Rolf, additional, Hjärthner-Holdar, Eva, additional, Englund, Mia, additional, Ogenhall, Erik, additional, Vicenzi, Edward P, additional, Corkhill, Claire L, additional, Thorpe, Clare, additional, Hand, Russell J, additional, Peeler, David K, additional, Pearce, Carolyn I, additional, and Kruger, Albert A, additional

Published
2023
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49. Underpinning the use of indium as a neutron absorbing additive in zirconolite by X-ray absorption spectroscopy.

Author

Blackburn, Lewis R., Townsend, Luke T., Dixon Wilkins, Malin C., Ina, Toshiaki, Kuman, Merve, Sun, Shi-Kuan, Mason, Amber R., Gardner, Laura J., Stennett, Martin C., Corkhill, Claire L., and Hyatt, Neil C.

Subjects
X-ray spectroscopy, INDIUM, NEUTRONS, SOLID solutions, OXIDATION states, X-ray absorption
Abstract

Indium (In) is a neutron absorbing additive that could feasibly be used to mitigate criticality in ceramic wasteforms containing Pu in the immobilised form, for which zirconolite (nominally CaZrTi2O7) is a candidate host phase. Herein, the solid solutions Ca1-xZr1-xIn2xTi2O7 (0.10 ≤ x ≤ 1.00; air synthesis) and Ca1-xUxZrTi2-2xIn2xO7 (x = 0.05, 0.10; air and argon synthesis) were investigated by conventional solid state sintering at a temperature of 1350 °C maintained for 20 h, with a view to characterise In3+ substitution behaviour in the zirconolite phase across the Ca2+, Zr4+ and Ti4+ sites. When targeting Ca1-xZr1-xIn2xTi2O7, single phase zirconolite-2M was formed at In concentrations of 0.10 ≤ x ≤ 0.20; beyond x ≥ 0.20, a number of secondary In-containing phases were stabilised. Zirconolite-2M remained a constituent of the phase assemblage up to a concentration of x = 0.80, albeit at relatively low concentration beyond x ≥ 0.40. It was not possible to synthesise the In2Ti2O7 end member compound using a solid state route. Analysis of the In K-edge XANES spectra in the single phase zirconolite-2M compounds confirmed that the In inventory was speciated as trivalent In3+, consistent with targeted oxidation state. However, fitting of the EXAFS region using the zirconolite-2M structural model was consistent with In3+ cations accommodated within the Ti4+ site, contrary to the targeted substitution scheme. When deploying U as a surrogate for immobilised Pu in the Ca1-xUxZrTi2-2xIn2xO7 solid solution, it was demonstrated that, for both x = 0.05 and 0.10, In3+ was successfully able to stabilise zirconolite-2M when U was distributed predominantly as both U4+ and average U5+, when synthesised under argon and air, respectively, determined by U L3-edge XANES analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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