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In the frame of cancer screening, we present a new psychological concept elaborated from our clinical practice of women affected by a breast cancer. The experience of these women is different depending on whether the cancer is discovered in an asymptomatic context or not. We introduce the concept of "anticipatrice medicine" in order to define the implication of diagnosis precocity on the therapeutic strategy, because of a modification of some main parameters which make up the ordinary personal concept. These parameters are : the time in which disease anticipates the symptom and the space where the treatment anticipates the disease. We discuss the paradoxical experience of screening which imposes a medical intervention before any symptom that is for the patient to be treated before any feeling of the disease, and to experience the disease through the experience of a treatment. The different elements of this paradoxical experience are successively identified and analysed. Finally we propose four directions of research in the field of interaction between human and medical technologies.