Search

A high prevalence of postural deviations is confirmed by the literature and considering the risk factors that can manifest in adolescents, an efficient method of intervention, that can be used on every type of patient, is important to be available to the therapist, taking into account the lack of a pro-active behaviour dominant in today society. The purpose of this study is to check if the therapeutic intervention carried out through manual techniques can improve the body alignment at the level of the spine. The subjects of this study were 20 14 to 16 years old high school students, from which 8 females and 12 males. Materials and method: The participants were evaluate using the KINEOD posturograph that utilizes infrared acquisition technology to provide a complete 3D postural analysis. An intervention program based on osteopathic manual technics, made by 10 sessions, was applied over a course of 3 months, and then the participants were reevaluated. The data received from the software of the KINEOD posturograph was analyzed and interpreted statistically, and the results were presented as tables and graphs. Conclusions: Results indicate that the intervention program used generated a numerical positive outcome in all four parameters evaluated, and in 2 of them the difference is statistically significative (“Shoulder imbalance” – P=0.007, “C7 deviation - Barré Vertical” – P= 0.049). From this we can conclude that manual technics can be used successfully in correction of the posture at spinal level.

In the specialized literature, valvulopathies are defined as functional or organic conditions affecting one or more heart valves, disrupting their ability to open or close properly and affecting the heart's overall function. During surgery, the diseased heart valve is replaced with a prosthesis using extracorporeal circulation. Currently, the most commonly used prostheses are biological and mechanical. Physiotherapy plays a crucial role in the rehabilitation of patients with surgically corrected valvulopathies, primarily due to its beneficial effects on the respiratory and cardiovascular systems, which help ensure functional independence. In the late 1970s, Dr. Nanette Wenger proposed the first cardiac rehabilitation program. This program recommended, for the first time, early mobilization of the patient, aiming to transition the patient from a supine position to sitting and eventually to moving within 14 days. The purpose of this study is to present and implement a cardiac rehabilitation program, as well as to analyse its effects based on the results obtained from monitoring and evaluating selected patients. The conclusions of this study validate the research hypothesis that the application of a cardiac rehabilitation program leads to an increase in effort capacity (and, consequently, the quality of life), in patients with valvulopathies surgically corrected by minimally invasive techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Biomarkers have emerged as valuable tools in the realm of elite sports, providing objective measures of athletes' physiological responses and potential for performance optimization. This article review delves into the significance and implications of biomarkers in elite sports, emphasizing their crucial role in supporting athletes' training, recovery, and overall success. The integration of biomarkers offers unprecedented opportunities for evidence-based decisions, personalized strategies, and injury prevention, revolutionizing the landscape of elite sports. Through comprehensive literature review and analysis, this article highlights the tremendous promise of biomarkers in optimizing athletic performance while also addressing the ethical considerations surrounding their implementation. As research continues to advance, biomarkers are poised to reshape the future of elite sports, enhancing performance and paving the way for the next generation of sporting legends. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

(1) Background: The purpose of this study was to identify impact differences in the rehabilitation the second-degree ankle sprain, more specifically the restoration of agonist-antagonist muscle balance, static and dynamic balance, and motor control in junior soccer players will have a different impact on patients who perform the recovery program with the help of Biodex 4 Pro and myofascial therapies compared to those who perform physical therapy using classical methods. (2) Methods: the study included 22 subjects divided into two equal groups in accordance with the agreement to practice modern therapies (MT) and kinesiotherapy (KT): the experimental group that performed the myofascial therapies and exercises with Biodex 4 pro and the control group that performed the KT. The parties' evaluations included: the Biodex 4 Pro for a range of motion assessment and the PodoSmart device for gait assessment. (3) Results: analysis identifies significant improvements for the subjects in the experimental group, respectively for the subjects in the control group, as follows: after completing the therapeutic plan for four weeks, the subjects gained 35.8° of flexion and 36.4° of extension compared to the initial results. In the PodoSmart gait analysis, the experimental group progressed between tests by 14.8% for the foot symmetry parameter, which was 3.8% more than in the control group, whose symmetry progress between tests was 11%. (4) Conclusion: the combined therapeutic plan containing Biodex technology and myofascial therapies is a current effective option in the rehabilitation of athletes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Studia Universitatis Babes-Bolyai, Educatio Artis Gymnasticae is the property of Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Studia Universitatis Babes-Bolyai, Educatio Artis Gymnasticae is the property of Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

According to the bibliography, the football-tennis game appeared internationally in 1922, when members of the Slavia Prague football club in the Czech Republic began to practice a sport in their free time, which they then called ''football over the rope''. In fact, the name football-tennis comes from the Czech word "nohejbal". In the Czech Republic and Slovakia it is considered a national sport. The Czech and Slovak football-tennis tradition and school are very strong and well-developed, which is distinguished by the professionalism of the clubs.In Romania, football-tennis has been practiced since the 1970s, under the name of "foot tennis". Between 1982- 1989, the first eight editions of the Balaci Foot Tennis Cup were organized in the student complex, Regie, together with the Romanian Students ' Union and the Foreign Students' Union.Football-tennis has been growing since the 80's, being a sports game that can be played both individually and collectively, with five tests: singles, doubles and triples, plus mixed doubles and triples (men + women). The increased popularity of this game led to the establishment of the Romanian Football-Tennis Federation (F.R.F.T), in 1990, the year in which the affiliation to the I.F.T.A (International Football-Tennis Association) took place.This sport is represented at national level by the National Championship (seniors, seniors and juniors), the Romanian Cup, and at the international level by World Championships, European Championships, as well as tournaments organized by sponsors on different occasions.However, the football-tennis discipline brings together certain technical elements from the following sports: (football, volleyball and tennis), the technique of hitting the ball differs both from that applied in football and that used in tennis and volleyball, which defines that the name of the discipline footballtennis together with its theoretical and practical substantiation is independent of these sports.Safety in sports and physical activity are important prerequisites for continuous participation in sports, as well as for maintaining a healthy lifestyle. For this reason, the detection of errors / mistakes in the execution of the attack diagonally to the right and the application of an individual program to correct them can lead to the prevention of accidents.This article provides an overview of the errors / mistakes found in carrying out the attack action diagonally to the right together with their correction (at the level of the senior national football-tennis team) through physical means and sports.In this study we want to report that through the game of football-tennis we can make our contribution in terms of improving fitness and correcting execution errors through exercises: stretching, mobility, elasticity and dynamic exercises, adapted to the level of the group working and used according to the mistakes made by the players. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The bipedal position acquired by mankind through evolution comes with a heavy price, such as overburdening of the spinal column and lower limbs, comparable difficulties in both breathing and blood transport to the brain. The loads imposed on musculoskeletal tissues during daily activities are modified by variations in joint mechanics, which increases the risk of orthopaedic dysfunctions. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of a 3-month global physical exercise programme using the Pilates method on the plantar arch. The participants were 18 high school students (11 female and 7 male) aged between 14 and 16 years. Methodology: To evaluate the plantar arch under static and dynamic conditions, the barosensitive BTS P-Walk platform (BTS, Italy) was used. The participants performed a group exercise programme over three months under the close supervision of the therapist; it consisted of 20 sessions carried out twice a week on average, with each session lasting 50 minutes. Initial and final results were compared and statistically interpreted (using the Paired Samples t Test and multiple statistical indicators). Conclusion: The study found numerical improvements in all four parameters, and for three of them, the change was statistically significant (P < 0.05 in the Paired Samples t Test). Statistically significant improvements were recorded for the left foot arch when evaluated in the standing position and for both feet during walking. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Studia Universitatis Babes-Bolyai, Educatio Artis Gymnasticae is the property of Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A sprained ankle is one of the most common joint injuries. This traumatic and painful injury is caused by abnormal stress on the capsular ligament complex and occurs secondary to a movement that forces it to stretch beyond its normal range without losing permanent contact between the joint surfaces. In the United States, the incidence of ankle sprain in the general population (between 2002 and 2006) was 2.15 per 1000 person-years, the highest rates being associated with the age of 10 to 19 years. For people aged 15-24, the incidence was considerably higher in men compared to women, while for those over 30, the incidence was higher in women than men. Epidemiological statistics showed that almost half of all ankle sprains occurred during athletic activities. The motivation for choosing this topic is to highlight the benefits of using the Biodex System 4 Pro in the recovery program for junior footballers with grade II ankle sprains. The assessment made by this device provides information on joint mobility and muscle strength; therefore, the programs used in the recovery process can be performed without putting pressure on the joint and within the range and speed parameters set by the physiotherapist (especially passive, isotonic, isometric and isokinetic ones in the eccentric or concentric mode). The study has shown that the Biodex System 4 Pro is very helpful in optimising the recovery process because it offers the possibility to work in the isokinetic mode, which reduces the functional recovery period and ensures the return to sport in a minimum time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Studia Universitatis Babes-Bolyai, Educatio Artis Gymnasticae is the property of Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The purpose of this paper is to highlight a less illustrated topic in Romanian bibliographic resources. According to the World Health Organization reports, breast cancer is one of the most common types of cancer worldwide. The sequelae of mastectomy are systematised as follows: conditions secondary to the application of local radiotherapy, systemic conditions after oncological treatment and psychosocial conditions. The most common side effect of the treatment applied for breast cancer is lymphoedema and, according to a study carried out in Pennsylvania, 42% of patients develop lymphoedema. Some authors classify it into mild, moderate and severe, but others highlight four stages of lymphoedema development. Physiotherapy has a major role in post-mastectomy recovery and requires various kinetic means, which can be both specific (physical exercise, hydrokinetic therapy, massage, posture) and non-specific (multilayer compression bandage and wearing a compression sleeve). Over time, a lot of clinical studies have been conducted on the implications of physical therapy for post-mastectomy functional recovery. Thus, physical exercise performed during the kinetic programme improves muscle strength, the activity of the cardiorespiratory system and self-esteem. Several authors recommend the practice of aerobic exercise and moderate-intensity exercise twice a week during chemotherapy treatment to prevent the development of lymphoedema. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Practised as both a leisure activity and a mass and competitive sport, aerobic gymnastics is one of the most popular branches of gymnastics. As a mass and competitive sport, aerobic gymnastics has a complex motor repertoire that involves performing spectacular movements to music. The concept that has led to the emergence and development of competitive aerobic gymnastics is that of "spectator sport". The physical and mental demands and rigors of a competitive sport on those who want to be at the top of national and international rankings sometimes disturb their health balance. Purpose of the study: This study aims to determine whether the practice of competitive aerobics has any influence on the development and progression of scoliosis in female athletes who train for approximately 3 hours a day. Assessment methods: The assessment methods used to identify scoliosis are somatoscopy and various anthropometric measurements characteristic of three-dimensional postural deformities. Conclusion: Competitive sport can be considered an aggravating factor in the case of physical impairments due to the many positions and movements that an athlete has to perform, and the main causes of their occurrence are the excessive overloads imposed by competitive sport on the genetic background of each pubertal individual. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Physiotherapists often use a postural biomechanical model of explanation to integrate in their clinical rationale the causes of various musculoskeletal conditions such as scoliosis. Scoliosis represents the most common spinal disorder in children, adolescent and adult population. It is believed that postural deviations, body asymmetries and pathomechanics are the predisposing and maintaining factors for many musculoskeletal conditions in general, scoliosis in particular. This model also plays an important role in clinical assessment and physiotherapeutic management, including the choice of manual techniques and the exercise prescribed. Existing literature presents various ways of clasification of scoliosis; in neither we find a type of weak or bad postural scoliosis. There is a widespread opinion that scoliosis is caused by pour posture, wearing a backpack on one shoulder, incorect sitting posture or asimetrical ergonomics. In reality, the majority of scoliosis patients have an idiopathic condition and biomechanics can be considered aggravating factors not causes. Yet understanding the assymetrical loading of the scoliotic patient is one of the key of a succesfull rehabilitation. Various theories about the reason of the majority of scoliosis were stated from heredity to gene modification, from level of melatonin to systemic disorders. None of these found the explanation to rule out the idiopathic from the diagnostic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is the most common spinal deformity disorder. Although the current available literature presents a multitude of types of therapeutic interventions, data on their effectiveness are few. The research addresses three case studies observed in a short period of conservative treatment based on the Schroth method in order to highlight whether the Cobb angle progression and therefore scoliosis can be stopped during an evolutive period where the skeletal development is not finished. The Cobb angle was measured at the beginning on the most recent X-ray and after a period of six months on a new X-ray. Thus, the short-term effect of the therapeutic protocol was observed. The physiotherapy programme consisted of four Schroth-based exercises and an exercise to increase muscle strength and endurance, which were performed six times per week: three times in the rehabilitation clinic under the supervision of a Schroth physiotherapist, and three times the patient applied the therapy at home. Each session lasted about 60 minutes. Limitation may be due to the patient's coping strategies, the Cobb angle measurement or each participant's range of motion of the spine. Following these three case studies, we believe that the benefits of this approach can stop and correct the progression of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, but further studies with a larger number of participants are needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Any child may encounter learning difficulties at some time, but they are usually overcome due to the support and encouragement provided by parents and the educational establishments where children are enrolled depending on their age (kindergarten, school). The notion of children with special educational needs (SEN) is used to describe a category of people with learning problems in relation to age or with a handicap/a disability/an impairment compared to most of the population. For children with SEN, the intervention through kinetic means represents an effective therapy that can be equally used by parents and teachers in order to facilitate the integration of these children into mainstream education. The purpose of this paper is to carry out a bibliographic study regarding the improvement of the quality of life in children with SEN by applying specific kinetic means that consist of physical exercise and massage, but also by the intervention of other types of therapy, depending on the disability of each subject. Individualisation of physical activities is a general principle applicable to all participants and especially to people with SEN who suffer from various conditions. In conclusion, we claim that the beneficial effects of the movement performed in any form and in any context are undeniable for any child but particularly for those with SEN. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This is an ascertaining and ameliorative study that, through these two aspects, aims at checking to what extent constraint-induced movement therapy applied to the healthy lower limb can cause significant improvement in the affected limb in terms of increased active mobility of the ankle flexion, and integrating this mobility into the heel strike during gait. It is known that, when walking, these patients come into contact with the support surface with the forefoot or the entire sole instead of the heel. The research was applied to 16 patients with stroke pathology and a motor and cognitive status that gave them the opportunity to participate in the rehabilitation programme. This programme was intensive, lasting over a period of 3 weeks, 6 hours per day, and consisted of a set of exercises divided into a main programme made up of 12 exercises and a secondary one including 6 exercises - both performed under constraint-induced conditions. The latter, due to the different nature of the exercises compared to the former, had the role of determining the patient to transfer and integrate functional gains into a context closer to the activities of daily living, but without being mentally boring. Following the study, we believe that the benefits of this approach to lower limb rehabilitation should be considered and extended to post-traumatic pathologies that lead to negative repercussions on gait phases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Professional basketball players can reach and maintain a high level of competence when their training programs consist in a combination of knowledge related to the field of sport. Participation in sport competition results in a great potential for physical injury, with high costs involved in player rehabilitation. Besides the physical aspect, the injured basketball players can display a variety of psychological responses to injury: cognitive reactions, like irrational beliefs and changes in self-esteem, emotional responses, like depression, anger and frustration and behavioural responses, as adherence to rehabilitation and the use of coping mechanisms. This paper aims to identify and to understand the phenomenology and behavioural reactions of the subjects, professional basketball athletes, at the time when they are experiencing a traumatic injury. Thus, we have assumed that there are significant positive correlations between certain investigated variables, such as impulsivity and the level of irrational beliefs of athletes injured during sports competitions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Childhood obesity is an alarming public health challenge which many countries are faced with nowadays. Overweight children have a higher risk to develop obesity associated diseases later in adulthood and are more predisposed towards depression and lower socio-economic status. Physical activity combinated with a well-balanced dietary program designed to meet the individual nutritional needs are two efficient tools to overcome obesity. In our study we investigated the effects of latino dancing and a healthy and nutritionally complete diet on the Body Mass Index (BMI) of 11 and 12 years old children. Fifty gymnasium children took part in our study, 25 of them being placed in the control group and 25 undergoing a 3 months program consisting in weekly latino dance training and following a diet designed to meet the nutritional requirements for children of their age. The BMI of both groups was assessed at four different time points (T0 - time 0, beginning of study, T1 - one month later, T2 - two months later, T3 - three months later). At the end of the study, there was a significant decrease in the BMI of the experimental group from T0 to T3. However, in the control group, the number of overweight children increased, with a total of 24 out of 25 being diagnosed as overweight. We conclude that a balanced diet together with regular dance training is a good method to decrease the number of overweight children in Romania. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of walking by constraint-induced therapy on the improvement of motor control at the level of the affected limb. The constraint was applied to the healthy lower limb in order to intensely stimulate the impaired one. The research was conducted within the Rosana Medical Polyclinic and included a number of 4 subjects with sequelae of ischemic stroke. The constrained-induced therapy was applied to these patients (by means of a fixed knee orthosis, with the articulation fixed in full extension), consisting in sessions of 30 minutes, distributed in several sub-sessions per day, for a period of 3 weeks, daily, from 8 am up to 9:30 pm. The intense exercise of movement by induced constraint should receive more consideration in terms of improving the motor function of the paretic lower limb. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim. The purpose of this experiment was to help improve the recovery process in terms of reducing recovery time and increasing its effectiveness, and to emphasize the importance of physical exercise in relieving the symptoms of primitive coxarthrosis. Methods. The study was conducted at the Techirghiol Balneal and Recovery Sanatorium in March 2017 and included 20 patients, of which 8 women and 12 men, diagnosed with primitive coxarthrosis, on the basis of the clinical examination performed by the physician, in conjunction with paraclinical examinations. The subjects included in the experiment were divided into two groups, control (which followed only simple balneal treatment) and experimental (which also performed physical therapy along with balneal treatment). Results. The results obtained from the application of the physical exercise program were present in the dynamics of their evolution, starting from the values recorded at the first examination, until the end of the treatment. Conclusions. Training the subjects from the beginning of the recovery program on the objectives pursued and the effects of exercise on the body, the formation of strong motivations have led to optimization of treatment through their conscious and active participation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim:This study has sought to apprehend a causal relationships between toning certain muscles analytical key (creating a "shield" that muscle to absorb unwanted forces) and relieve symptoms of lumbar disc hernia. Methods: This study included 20 patients diagnosed with lumbar disk hernia and under a balneal treatment at The Recovery and Balneal Sanatorium Techirghiol. They were split into two groups: the control group, doing free active movements during the physical therapy sessions and the experimental group, doing movements against resistance. Results: The muscular tonifying elements included in the program did not determine any muscular hypertrophy. From the statistical analysis of the data, we observed progress and the symptoms improvement. In the literature there are researches (Hides, et al., 1996; Leinonen, et al., 2003) which suggest that the optimizing of the muscular status for low back pain is an efficient strategy. Conclusions: The study results shows that doing active against a resistance exercises, like in the experiment program, for 2 weeks (10 sessions) is equal with the pain decreasing and an important improvement of the well being of the patients diagnosed with lumbar disk hernia. Probably this fact is due to muscular flexibility and neural mobility (Calotă, 2016). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Management Intercultural is the property of Romanian Foundation for Business Intelligence and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Management Intercultural is the property of Romanian Foundation for Business Intelligence and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose: Mirror therapy has been introduced as an effective rehabilitation mean after limb amputations. Different researches have also shown positive effects in the functional rehabilitation of the upper limb in post-stroke patients. The aim of this case study paper is to analyze the extent in which integrating mirror therapy sessions in the rehabilitation program of a 56 year old post ischemic stroke patient contributes to the improvement of his upper limb functionality. Methods: The research methods we used are: the bibliographic research, the observation method and the case study method. For the assessment of the subject's upper limb function we used the Fugl-Meyer test. The study begun in September 2013 and is still in progress. For the paper, we will report to the evolution of the patient by the end of November. In the rehabilitation program we integrated Bobath therapy, PNF therapy and Mirror therapy. The subject was hospitalized for a month and afterwards he continued rehabilitation at home where he underwent a number of 3 rehabilitation sessions per week. Mirror therapy was integrated after the discharge. Results: So far, the results of the study we are conducting are positive. The patient was assessed at the end of November. We noticed an improvement in the shoulder, elbow, wrist and hand movements as well as an increase in the precision and execution speed. Conclusions: Mirror therapy is a useful tool for the functional rehabilitation of upper limb in post-stroke patients. The positive results we had so far are enabling us to continue the research and in the end extend it on larger groups of subjects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. The performance capacity of the individual has reached maximum values in the physical and technical components' area, the difference being made, as it would appear, in the process of training and competitions, by the psychological side in which attention is synonymous with the tip of the iceberg of the human psyche. If small errors are allowed in other fields of activity, in the field of performance sports "losing quick adaptive reactions„ can lead to catastrophe. Aims. We pursued this approach to improving the extent of attention, through a specially designed program, which influenced the optimization of reaction time. Methods. The test of the reaction time from the PSITEST Cabinet was used, computer-assisted in the Psihovest laboratory. This software offers information concerning the basic reactivity level, by measuring in 1/100 s the motor reaction to visual stimuli. The stimulus is applied individually or collectively (4 posts maximum), for a duration of 10 minutes. In assessing the results we used the student test (t) for independent and pair samples and the ANOVA mixed for the type 2 x 2 analysis of variance. Results. Data from the experimental group for the two moments of assessment indicates an obvious improvement in response time. The fact that the control group saw an improvement in this indicator, though not so obvious, leads us to accept the existence of other ways to optimize response time. Conclusions. Response time can be improved not just through methods aimed at optimizing attention (it is really much broader, as it is in our case). We believe that there are other specific ways that lead to similar results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cutaneous melanoma is the most aggressive type of skin cancer, with high invasive potential. Lentigo maligna melanoma (LMM) is a relatively rare type, accounting for about 10% of all melanomas, while the most common subtype of melanoma on the face, typically on chronically sun-exposed skin of elderly people. Its in situ stage is lentigo maligna (LM). During the process of transformation from LM to LMM, tumor cells secrete or induce the release from neighboring cells of large amounts of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) that degrade the extracellular matrix. Some MMPs, as MMP3 and MMP9 expressed melanoma cells is associated with statistical significance in both in vitro and in vivo studies, with an invasive phenotype. Unfortunately, there is scarce data published about MMPs expression in LM∕LMM, as majority of research on melanoma refer to superficial spreading and nodular melanoma. Our personal, unpublished yet fully data is an attempt to complete a specific panel of immunohistochemical markers that could explain the slow growing rate of LMM.