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16. Diagnosis of growth hormone deficiency after pituitary surgery: the combined acipimox/GH-releasing hormone test

Author

Dieguez, C, Cordido, F, de Vries, WR, Veldhuyzen, BFE, van Thiel, E, Casanueva, FF, Koppeschaar, HPF, and University of Groningen

Subjects
endocrine system, GH RESPONSE, FREE FATTY-ACIDS, SECRETION, ACUTE PHARMACOLOGICAL REDUCTION, ADULTS, hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists, OBESE SUBJECTS
Abstract

OBJECTIVE Reduction of plasma free fatty acids leads to enhanced GH response after stimulation by GH-releasing hormone (GHRH). We studied the clinical usefulness of combined administration of acipimox and GHRH for the diagnosis of GH deficiency. DESIGN We evaluated 35 patients [mean age 53.0 years; mean body mass index (BMI) 26.7 kg/m(2) ] after pituitary surgery. We compared GH responses after acipimox and GHRH with the GH response during an insulin tolerance test (ITT) and, in a subgroup of 12 patients, with the GHRH/arginine test. The acipimox/GHRH test was additionally performed in 21 control subjects (mean age 53.8 years; mean BMI 24.7 kg/m(2) ). RESULTS In the patients, the mean (+/- SEM) peak GH was almost four-fold higher after acipimox/GHRH (6.94 +/- 1.07 mug/l, range 0.46-23.1; P

Published
2003

17. Regulation of growth hormone secretion by signals produced by the adipose tissue

Author

Pombo M, Celia M Pombo, Astorga R, Cordido F, Popovic V, Rv, Garcia-Mayor, Dieguez C, and Ff, Casanueva

Subjects
Leptin, Adipose Tissue, Human Growth Hormone, Animals, Humans, Proteins, Obesity, Fatty Acids, Nonesterified, Rats, Signal Transduction
Abstract

The neuroregulation of growth hormone (GH) secretion and the state of the adipose tissue reserves are closely related. GH exerts lipolytic actions on the adipose tissue and low body weight enhances secretion of GH while obesity is associated with reduced levels of GH and blocked release of GH when challenged by all stimuli. The mediators of the regulation exerted by the adipose tissue on the GH/insulin-like growth factor-I axis are not fully understood, but in the last few years two relevant factors have emerged--free fatty acids (FFA) and the adipocyte-produced hormone leptin. FFA and GH integrate a classical feedback loop and a rise in FFA blocks GH secretion. This action is rapid, dose-related and exerted at the pituitary level with no evident hypothalamic participation. A pharmacological reduction in FFA enhances secretion of GH and eliminates the GH blockade of obesity and Cushing's syndrome. The discovery of leptin has expanded our knowledge of the way in which the adipose tissue participates in some neuroendocrine actions. Obesity is associated with elevated levels of serum leptin while undernutrition and fasting lead to low leptin. In fasted rats, the pattern of GH pulsatility is eliminated with a near absence of spontaneous peaks, but the administration of leptin by the intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) route restores the altered pattern. When fed rats receive antileptin antibodies i.c.v the normal pattern is reversed to an absence of pulses, reminiscent of the fasting state. These results are the first demonstration that, at least in experimental animals, leptin is a relevant factor in GH regulation. Leptin has no direct pituitary action and its action at the hypothalamic level appears to be mediated by neuropeptide Y, being the final step in a reduction in the somatostatin tone. On the other hand, the action of GH on leptin levels seems to be tenuous in humans, but in the near future it will be possible to investigate the action of leptin on human GH. As the hypothalamic neuroregulation of GH secretion in humans is unlike that in the rat, a crucial point for elucidation will be the actions, if any, and the mechanisms by which leptin participates in GH regulation in humans, as well as its alterations in disease states.

Published
1999

46. Effect of the application of the new diagnostic criteria of diabetes mellitus in the prevalence estimates and diagnostic level in the general population.

Author

Muniz J, Cordido F, Lopez Rodriguez I, and Beiras AC

Abstract

Background. Ethnic differences in being overweight and obesity were studied among 18 year old males in Sweden. Method. This nationwide study was based on a record linkage between the Medical Birth Register, the Register of Military Induction Examinations and the Register of the Total Population. For 140,766 (87.8%) of the 160,247 males information was available on body mass index (BMI) and on their mothers' nationality. Results. After adjustment for education and geographical region the odds ratio for being overweight was found to be higher among 18 year old sons of immigrants from Finland (1.38 and 95% CI: 1.26-1.52) than among sons of Swedish mothers. Similarly, the odds ratio for being overweight was higher among the sons of immigrants from former Eastern Europe (1.68 and 96% CI: 1.46-1.94) than among sons of Swedish mothers. Conclusion. The risks of being overweight and obesity were increased among the sons of immigrants from Finland and former Eastern Europe compared to sons of Swedish mothers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1999
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47. Criteria for the definition of Pituitary Tumor Centers of Excellence (PTCOE): A Pituitary Society Statement

Author

Casanueva, FF, Barkan, AL, Buchfelder, M, Klibanski, A, Laws, ER, Loeffler, JS, Melmed, S, Mortini, P, Wass, J, Giustina, A, Lomba, AA, Abucham, J, Alvarez-Escola, C, Beckers, A, Ben-Shlomo, A, Bernabeu, I, Bidlingmaier, M, Biermasz, N, Biller, B, Boguszewski, CL, Bolanowski, M, Bollerslev, J, Bonert, V, Bronstein, M, Bruno, OD, Carmichael, JD, Caron, P, Chanson, P, Clayton, RN, Colao, A, Cordido, F, De Marinis, L, Fahlbusch, R, Fleseriu, M, Formenti, AM, Freda, PU, Fukuoka, H, Ghigo, E, Greenman, Y, Grineva, E, Grossman, A, Gurnell, M, Heaney, A, Hoffman, AR, Ilovayskaya, I, Johannsson, G, Kadioglu, P, Karavitaki, N, Katznelson, L, Kelestimur, F, Kelly, DF, Ho, K, Krsek, M, Lacroix, A, StevenLoeffler, J, Losa, M, Jørgensen, JO, Luger, A, Mallea-Gil, S, Mamelak, A, Mazziotti, G, McCormack, A, Mercado, M, Neggers, S, Ning, G, Oyesiku, NM, Popovic, V, Petakov, M, Petersenn, S, Pfeifer, M, Pico, A, Domingo, MP, Raverot, G, Reincke, M, Gadelha, MR, Salvatori, R, Samson, SL, Shimatsu, A, Shimon, I, Stewart, P, Strasburger, C, Swearingen, B, Trainer, P, Tritos, NA, Tsagarakis, S, Van Der Lely, AJ, Vilar, L, Villar-Taibo, R, and Zatelli, MC

Subjects
Male, Thyrotropinomas, Pituitary Diseases, Cushing’s disease, United States, 3. Good health, Pituitary radiotherapy, Treatment Outcome, Transsphenoidal surgery, Pituitary Gland, Acromegaly, Humans, Female, Pituitary Neoplasms, Pituitary ACTH Hypersecretion, Gonadotropins, Societies, Medical
Abstract

Introduction With the goal of generate uniform criteria among centers dealing with pituitary tumors and to enhance patient care, the Pituitary Society decided to generate criteria for developing Pituitary Tumors Centers of Excellence (PTCOE). Methods To develop that task, a group of ten experts served as a Task Force and through two years of iterative work an initial draft was elaborated. This draft was discussed, modified and finally approved by the Board of Directors of the Pituitary Society. Such document was presented and debated at a specific session of the Congress of the Pituitary Society, Orlando 2017, and suggestions were incorporated. Finally the document was distributed to a large group of global experts that introduced further modifications with final endorsement. Results After five years of iterative work a document with the ideal criteria for a PTCOE is presented. Conclusions Acknowledging that very few centers in the world, if any, likely fulfill the requirements here presented, the document may be a tool to guide improvements of care delivery to patients with pituitary disorders. All these criteria must be accommodated to the regulations and organization of Health of a given country.

48. Food intake regulating-neuropeptides are expressed and regulated through pregnancy and following food restriction in rat placenta

Author

Cepeda Libia A, Garcés Maria F, González C Ruth, Bravo Susana B, Caminos Jorge E, González Adriana C, Cordido Fernando, López Miguel, and Diéguez Carlos

Subjects
Gynecology and obstetrics, RG1-991, Reproduction, QH471-489
Abstract

Abstract Background Neuropeptide Y (NPY), agouti related peptide (AgRP), cocaine and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) and melanocortins, the products of the proopiomelanocortin (POMC), are hypothalamic peptides involved in feeding regulation and energy homeostasis. Recent evidence has demonstrated their expression in rat and human placenta. Methods In the current study, we have investigated the expression of those neuropeptides in the rat placenta by real-time PCR using a model of maternal food restriction. Results Our results showed that placental-derived neuropeptides were regulated through pregnancy and following food restriction. Conclusion These data could indicate that placental-derived neuropeptides represent a local regulatory circuit that may fine-tune control of energy balance during pregnancy.

Published
2008
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