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1. Evaluation of Cost, Payments, Healthcare Utilization, and Perioperative and Post-Operative Outcomes of Patients Treated with Posterior Lumbar Spinal Surgery Using Open versus Minimally Invasive Surgical Approaches

Author

Holy CE, Corso KA, Bowden DE, Erb MJ, Ruppenkamp JR, Coombs S, and Pracyk JB

Subjects
minimally invasive surgical procedures, database, spine, lumbar vertebrae, propensity score, health services research, health care costs, Medical technology, R855-855.5
Abstract

Chantal E Holy,1,* Katherine A Corso,1,* Dawn E Bowden,2 Michael J Erb,2 Jill R Ruppenkamp,1 Sandra Coombs,3 John B Pracyk3 1Johnson & Johnson Medical Devices Companies, Medical Device Epidemiology and Real World Data Sciences, New Brunswick, NJ, USA; 2Johnson & Johnson Medical Devices Companies, Health Economics and Market Access, Raynham, MA, USA; 3DePuy Synthes, Raynham, MA, USA*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Katherine A CorsoJohnson & Johnson Medical Devices Companies, Medical Device Epidemiology and Real World Data Sciences, 410 George Street, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USATel +1 508 977 6696Email kcorso1@its.jnj.comPurpose: Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) of the spine has been associated with favorable outcomes compared to open surgery. This study evaluated matched cohorts treated with MIS versus open posterior lumbar fusion for costs, payments, healthcare utilization and outcomes.Patients and Methods: This study used the Premier Healthcare and IBM® MarketScan® Commercial and Medicare Databases. Patients with posterior lumbar fusion from 2015 to 2018 were identified and categorized as “Open” or “MIS”. Cohorts were matched on patient and provider characteristics. Perioperative complications, hospital costs, healthcare utilization and post-operative outcomes and payments to providers were analyzed. Statistical significance was evaluated using T-tests and chi-square tests.Results: After matching, 2,388 Open and 796 MIS from PHD, and 415 Open and 83 MIS from MarketScan were included. Statistically significant differences between MIS versus Open were found for index hospital costs, $29,181 (SD: $14,363) versus $27,616 (SD: $13,822), p=0.01; length of stay, 2.94 (SD: 2.10) versus 3.15 (SD: 2.03) days, p=0.01; perioperative urinary tract infection, 1.01% and 2.09% (p=0.05); and 30-day risk of hematoma/hemorrhage, 19.28% versus 8.43%, p=0.02. There were observed, but statistically non-significant differences in additional perioperative or post-operative complications, home discharge, 90-day all-cause and spine-related readmission, and 90-day post-operative payments.Conclusion: Compared to Open, patients that underwent MIS had statistically significant lower length of stay, lower perioperative UTI, greater hospital costs, and higher 30-day risk of hematoma/hemorrhage. The differences observed in post-operative complications and payments and readmissions warrant further investigation in larger matched cohorts.Keywords: minimally invasive surgical procedures, database, spine, lumbar vertebrae, propensity score, health services research, health care costs

Published
2021

4. Frequency of drug-induced liver injury in children receiving anti-staphylococcal penicillins.

Author

Tang, K, Coombs, S, Gwee, A, Tang, K, Coombs, S, and Gwee, A

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Anti-staphylococcal penicillins (ASPs) are among the most commonly prescribed antibiotics in children and are associated with a risk of drug-induced liver injury (DILI). Despite the frequent use of ASPs in children, there is no consensus on whether liver function tests (LFTs) should be routinely monitored during treatment. OBJECTIVES: To review the literature on the frequency of ASP-related DILI in children to determine the incidence, risk factors and outcomes of hepatotoxicity. METHODS: PubMed, MEDLINE and Embase were searched in January 2022 for original studies of children who received cloxacillin, dicloxacillin, flucloxacillin, methicillin, nafcillin or oxacillin that included ≥10 children aged up to 18 years, and presented data on the incidence of DILI in children exposed to ASPs. RESULTS: Overall, two studies of oral flucloxacillin, two of intravenous (IV) methicillin, three of IV nafcillin and four of IV oxacillin were included. The mean onset of DILI ranged between 7.0 and 19.0 days following commencement of antibiotic treatment and all episodes resolved between 14.2 and 16.0 days after drug discontinuation, with no specific treatment required. This review found that the incidence of DILI in children was 1 in 50 000 for oral flucloxacillin and ranged from 1 in 3 to 13 for IV oxacillin, methicillin and nafcillin. CONCLUSIONS: This review found that routine LFT monitoring is not required in children receiving low dose oral flucloxacillin in a primary care setting, although pharmacovigilance is critical. For IV preparations, the existing data support routine LFT monitoring in those receiving treatment for at least 7 days.

Published
2022

7. Verkenning Open Access in het HBO

Author

Annema, H., van Ankeren, M., Coombs, S., Snijders, R., Braak, P., Liefsoens, L., Touber, J., Pijnacker, J., and Universiteitsbibliotheek

Abstract

De afgelopen jaren is open access in toenemende mate belangrijk geworden. Open access betekent dat kennisproducten uit publiek gefinancierd onderzoek voor iedereen toegankelijk en herbruikbaar moeten zijn zonder financiële, wettelijke of technische drempels. Open access vergroot daarmee de impact en doorwerking van praktijkgericht onderzoek. Dat sluit nauw aan bij de essentie van praktijkgericht onderzoek. Tegelijk zien we dat open access niet vanzelf gaat en dat er nog een weg te gaan is om dit te bereiken op hogescholen. In deze verkenning is onderzocht wat open access betekent voor praktijkgericht onderzoek en wat er nodig is om open access doelstellingen te bereiken in het hbo. Deze verkenning is gedaan in opdracht van de Bestuurscommissie Onderzoek (BCOZ) van de Vereniging Hogescholen.

Published
2022

15. Do I-Pass for FAIR?: A self-assessment tool to measure the FAIR-ness of an organization

Author

de Bruin, T., Coombs, S., Haslinger, I., de Jong, J., van den Hoogen, H., Huigen, F., Jetten, M., Koster, J., Miedema, M., Öllers, S., Slouwerhof, I., Verheul, I., Ringersma, J., and Universiteitsbibliotheek

Abstract

The 15 FAIR data principles are intended to be applied to a dataset, but the acronym FAIR is also used as an adjective for other (digital) matters, such as FAIR data stewardship, FAIR data infrastructure and FAIR data services. Moreover, in the context of Open Science and scientific integrity, more and more Dutch universities and research organizations discuss a FAIR organization as an important goal, thus implementing RDM practices and support with the FAIR principles as a main driver. Triggered by this use of the acronym FAIR for organizations, an LCRDM (National Coordination Point Research Data Management) task group explored the definition, characteristics and principles of a so-called ‘FAIR enabling organization’. The task group delivered two products: (1) a definition for a FAIR enabling organization and (2) a self-assessment tool to evaluate the FAIR-ness of a research organization (research institute, university or university of applied sciences). This self-assessment tool is a simple instrument, presented in an editable PDF form. By answering the questions and evaluating the level (beginner, intermediate, or advanced) at which you assess the performance of your organization, you will be able to define the actual FAIR-ness. In addition you can define a Road Map to become a FAIR Enabling Research Organization using the information in de more advances level(s).

Published
2020

27. Collecting zooplankton

Author

Sameoto, D., primary, Wiebe, P., additional, Runge, J., additional, Postel, L., additional, Dunn, J., additional, Miller, C., additional, and Coombs, S., additional

Published
2000
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29. Scholarly Metrics Recommendations for Research Libraries: Deciphering the trees in the forest

Author

Coombs, S., Peters, I., Schmidt, B., Princic, A., Martinez, M., Kraker, P., Jahn, N., Haustein, S., Cornée, N., Abcouwer, K., Gorraiz, J., Fest, P.M.J., Tsakonas, G., Coombs, S., Peters, I., Schmidt, B., Princic, A., Martinez, M., Kraker, P., Jahn, N., Haustein, S., Cornée, N., Abcouwer, K., Gorraiz, J., Fest, P.M.J., and Tsakonas, G.

Abstract

The digital era has brought new and exciting changes to scholarly communication. Modern scientific libraries and information infrastructures are obliged to face these new challenges in a professional way sooner rather than later.The monitoring and execution of policies, the facilitation of Open Access publishing, and support for research data management are but a few examples of adaptation to the digital era. The use of scholarly metrics is also an emerging field for academic libraries, brought on by digital change. To foster this vision, LIBER's Innovative Metrics Working Group has set out recommendations on how academic libraries and information infrastructures can deal with scholarly metrics, and how to get started with the development of services to support this.The recommendations are grouped into four sections:- Discovery and Discoverability- Showcasing Achievements- Service Development- Research AssessmentEach section covers a set of activities, and makes suggestions for libraries which want to promote the transparent, standardized and responsible use of scholarly metrics. As part of LIBER’s focus on Open Science, the Working Group has placed a special emphasis on recommendations addressing open scholarly metrics. Throughout this report, we have organised our recommendations into three levels. Which recommendations a library adopts will depend on their current level of engagement with scholarly metrics. The levels are as follows:- Initial Steps (circular bullet)- Intermediate Steps (square bullet)- Advanced Steps (triangular bullet)The order in which the recommendations appear are in correlation with the potential importance they can have for an institution. These two indications of use were developed during the Working Group’s workshop during LIBER’s 2017 Annual Conference. They are there to assist in prioritizing, but are not mandatory to follow and are not dependent on each other.

Published
2018

34. How fish body parts alter local hydrodynamic stimuli to the lateral line

Author

COOMBS, S., ANDERSON, E.J., BRAUN, C.B., and GROSENBAUGH, M.A.

Subjects
Zoological research -- Analysis, Sculpin -- Research, Lateral line organs -- Research, Zoology and wildlife conservation
Abstract

Mottled sculpin (Cottus bairdi), like many fish, use their lateral line system to form hydrodynamic images of the environment. Although these small (~10 cm long), benthic fish inhabit streams and lakes with significant ambient water motion, information about lateral linefunction comes largely from still-water conditions. We used digital particle image velocimetry to determine how uniform flow fields (2 - 8 cm/s) near the sculpin were altered along a horizontal plane at the level of the trunk lateral line canal. In the absence of the fish and at distances [is greater than] 2 cm away from the fish, the mean direction and magnitude of the flow field was spatially homogenous at all flow speeds. Small scale ([is less than] 5 cm), ambient turbulence was negligible at 2 cm/s, but increasingly more pronounced at higher flow speeds. Flow around the fish's head, pointed upstream, was typical for that around a rigid body and could be predicted by a potential flow model. Flow around the large, extended pectoral fin, pointed downstream, showed separation at the edge of the fin and a trailing wake, similar to that observed for a flat plate perpendicular to the flow. A separation bubble or recirculating region (1- 2 cm wide) formed behind the pectoral fin and extended along the entire trunk of the fish. The magnitude of the mean, local flow in this region was significantly less than that further away and its direction very close to the fish was likewise very different, predominantly upstream. The shear layer dividing the separation bubble from the external flow was fairly stable at 2 cm/s (Re ~ [10.sup.2]), but very unstable and wave-like at 8 cm/s (Re~[10.sup.3]). These results show that fish body parts like the pectoral fin can significantly alter the local hydrodynamic stimulus field to the lateral line relative to ambient water motions only a few centimeters away.

Published
2000

38. Sardine spawning off the European Atlantic coast: main spawning areas and temporal variability

Author

Bernal, M. (Miguel), Stratoudakis, Y. (Yorgos), Coombs, S. (Stephen), Angélico, M.M. (María Manuel), Lago-de-Lanzós-y-Tomás, A. (Ana), Porteiro-Lago, C. (Carmen), Sagarminaga, Y. (Yolanda), Santos, M., Uriarte, A. (Andrés), Cunha, E. (Emília), Valdés-Santurio, L. (Luis), and Borchers, D. (David)

Subjects
Spawning grounds, Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo, Sardine, Ichthyoplankton, Pesquerías, Egg distribution, North East Atlantic, Iberian peninsula, Armorican shelf
Abstract

Data on the occurrence of sardine (Sardina pilchardus) eggs from 42 national ichthyoplankton surveys along the European Atlantic coast were collated in order to describe the spawning habitat and spawning distribution of sardine in recent decades (1985–2005). A modification of existing spawning habitat characterisation techniques and a newly developed method to compare the probability of egg presence across surveys carried out with different sampling gears were used. Results showed that sardine spawning off the Atlantic European coast is mainly restricted to the shelf area, with the main geographical range being between the Strait of Gibraltar (the southern limit of data available for this analysis) and the middle part of the Armorican shelf (latitude around 47.5 North), and along a temperature range of 12–17 C. Spawning grounds within these limits show a nearly continuous geographical distribution, covering a large proportion of the shelf of the Iberian peninsula and adjacent waters, except for: (1) a persistent gap at the north west corner of the Iberian peninsula, (2) a small secondary break at the Spanish–French border in the inner part of the Bay of Biscay and (3) at the south west corner of the peninsula where there is a narrowing of the shelf width. These discontinuities were used to separate spawning into four nuclei and to describe the changes in spawning distribution in the time series. The relative importance of each nucleus and the degree of separation between adjacent nuclei varies between years, with the exception of the permanent gap at the northwest corner of the Iberian peninsula, which is persistent throughout the time series. Year to year changes in the proportion of the potential spawning habitat in which spawning actually occurred, changing from around 60% before the mid 1990s to around 40% thereafter, and did not show any relationship with spawning stock biomass. Evolution of potential habitat occupation over the Armorican shelf shows larger variability than that observed in the Iberian peninsula, with percentages of occupation ranging from around 30% up to nearly 80% of the shelf in recent years (within the limitations of the relatively sparse data for this region).

Published
2007

42. Film blowing of linear low-density polyethylene blended with a novel hyperbranched polymer processing aid

Author

Hong, Y., Coombs, S. J., Cooper-White, J. J., Mackay, M. E., Hawker, C. J., Malmström, Eva, Rehnberg, N., Hong, Y., Coombs, S. J., Cooper-White, J. J., Mackay, M. E., Hawker, C. J., Malmström, Eva, and Rehnberg, N.

Abstract

The use of hyperbranched polymer (HBP) as a processing aid for linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) in the tubular film blowing process was investigated. Through the addition of HBP, sharkskin was successfully eliminated without significantly changing the overall physical properties of LLDPE films. Also, there was a minimum of 40% enhancement in processing rate with addition of 0.5 wt% HBP. The study showed that HBP and LLDPE are immiscible, and HBP has a tendency to migrate to the surface, subsequently, it seems to form a lubricating layer between the metal surfaces and the bulk material. This phase separation between HBP and LLDPE results in an HBP-rich surface, which has a high potential to create unique surface properties tailored to various applications. Rheological analysis indicated that excessive slip was present in HBP/LLDPE suggesting that the onset of slip is not the cause of sharkskin. On the contrary, it may be partially responsible for the elimination of sharkskin., QC 20100525

Published
2000
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