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1. Light Dark Matter Constraints from SuperCDMS HVeV Detectors Operated Underground with an Anticoincidence Event Selection

Author: SuperCDMS Collaboration, Albakry, M. F., Alkhatib, I., Alonso-González, D., Amaral, D. W. P., Anczarski, J., Aralis, T., Aramaki, T., Arnquist, I. J., Langroudy, I. Ataee, Azadbakht, E., Bathurst, C., Bhattacharyya, R., Biffl, A. J., Brink, P. L., Buchanan, M., Bunker, R., Cabrera, B., Calkins, R., Cameron, R. A., Cartaro, C., Cerdeño, D. G., Chang, Y. -Y., Chaudhuri, M., Chen, J. -H., Chen, R., Chott, N., Cooley, J., Coombes, H., Cushman, P., Cyna, R., Das, S., De Brienne, F., Dharani, S., di Vacri, M. L., Diamond, M. D., Elwan, M., Fascione, E., Figueroa-Feliciano, E., Fouts, K., Fritts, M., Germond, R., Ghaith, M., Golwala, S. R., Hall, J., Harms, S. A. S., Harris, K., Hassan, N., Hong, Z., Hoppe, E. W., Hsu, L., Huber, M. E., Iyer, V., Jardin, D., Kashyap, V. K. S., Keller, S. T. D., Kelsey, M. H., Kennard, K. T., Kubik, A., Kurinsky, N. A., Lee, M., Leyva, J., Liu, J., Liu, Y., Loer, B., Asamar, E. Lopez, Lukens, P., MacFarlane, D. B., Mahapatra, R., Mammo, J. S., Mast, N., Mayer, A. J., Theenhausen, H. Meyer zu, Michaud, É., Michielin, E., Mirabolfathi, N., Mirzakhani, M., Mohanty, B., Monteiro, D., Nelson, J., Neog, H., Novati, V., Orrell, J. L., Osborne, M. D., Oser, S. M., Pandey, L., Pandey, S., Partridge, R., Pedreros, D. S., Peng, W., Perna, L., Perry, W. L., Podviianiuk, R., Poudel, S. S., Pradeep, A., Pyle, M., Rau, W., Reid, E., Ren, R., Reynolds, T., Rios, M., Roberts, A., Robinson, A. E., Ryan, J. L., Saab, T., Sadek, D., Sadoulet, B., Sahoo, S. P., Saikia, I., Sander, J., Sattari, A., Schmidt, B., Schnee, R. W., Scorza, S., Serfass, B., Simchony, A., Sincavage, D. J., Sinervo, P., Street, J., Sun, H., Tanner, E., Terry, G. D., Toback, D., Verma, S., Villano, A. N., von Krosigk, B., Watkins, S. L., Wen, O., Williams, Z., Wilson, M. J., Winchell, J., Wykoff, K., Yellin, S., Young, B. A., Yu, T. C., Zatschler, B., Zatschler, S., Zaytsev, A., Zhang, E., Zheng, L., Zuniga, A., and Zurowski, M. J.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: This article presents constraints on dark-matter-electron interactions obtained from the first underground data-taking campaign with multiple SuperCDMS HVeV detectors operated in the same housing. An exposure of 7.63 g-days is used to set upper limits on the dark-matter-electron scattering cross section for dark matter masses between 0.5 and 1000 MeV/$c^2$, as well as upper limits on dark photon kinetic mixing and axion-like particle axioelectric coupling for masses between 1.2 and 23.3 eV/$c^2$. Compared to an earlier HVeV search, sensitivity was improved as a result of an increased overburden of 225 meters of water equivalent, an anticoincidence event selection, and better pile-up rejection. In the case of dark-matter-electron scattering via a heavy mediator, an improvement by up to a factor of 25 in cross-section sensitivity was achieved., Comment: 7 pages + title and references, 4 figures, and 1 table
Published: 2024

2. First measurement of the nuclear-recoil ionization yield in silicon at 100 eV

Author: Albakry, M. F., Alkhatib, I., Alonso, D., Amaral, D. W. P., An, P., Aralis, T., Aramaki, T., Arnquist, I. J., Langroudy, I. Ataee, Azadbakht, E., Banik, S., Barbeau, P. S., Bathurst, C., Bhattacharyya, R., Brink, P. L., Bunker, R., Cabrera, B., Calkins, R., Cameron, R. A., Cartaro, C., Cerdeño, D. G., Chang, Y. -Y., Chaudhuri, M., Chen, R., Chott, N., Cooley, J., Coombes, H., Corbett, J., Cushman, P., Das, S., De Brienne, F., Rios, M., Dharani, S., di Vacri, M. L., Diamond, M. D., Elwan, M., Fascione, E., Figueroa-Feliciano, E., Fink, C. W., Fouts, K., Fritts, M., Gerbier, G., Germond, R., Ghaith, M., Golwala, S. R., Hall, J., Hassan, N., Hedges, S. C., Hines, B. A., Hong, Z., Hoppe, E. W., Hsu, L., Huber, M. E., Iyer, V., Kashyap, V. K. S., Kelsey, M. H., Kubik, A., Kurinsky, N. A., Lee, M., Li, A., Li, L., Litke, M., Liu, J., Liu, Y., Loer, B., Asamar, E. Lopez, Lukens, P., MacFarlane, D. B., Mahapatra, R., Mandic, V., Mast, N., Mayer, A. J., Theenhausen, H. Meyer zu, Michaud, ., Michielin, E., Mirabolfathi, N., Mohanty, B., Nebolsky, B., Nelson, J., Neog, H., Novati, V., Orrell, J. L., Osborne, M. D., Oser, S. M., Page, W. A., Pandey, S., Partridge, R., Pedreros, D. S., Perna, L., Podviianiuk, R., Ponce, F., Poudel, S., Pradeep, A., Pyle, M., Rau, W., Reid, E., Ren, R., Reynolds, T., Roberts, A., Robinson, A. E., Runge, J., Saab, T., Sadek, D., Sadoulet, B., Saikia, I., Sander, J., Sattari, A., Schmidt, B., Schnee, R. W., Scorza, S., Serfass, B., Poudel, S. S., Sincavage, D. J., Sinervo, P., Speaks, Z., Street, J., Sun, H., Thasrawala, F. K., Toback, D., Underwood, R., Verma, S., Villano, A. N., von Krosigk, B., Watkins, S. L., Wen, O., Williams, Z., Wilson, M. J., Winchell, J., Wykoff, K., Yellin, S., Young, B. A., Yu, T. C., Zatschler, B., Zatschler, S., Zaytsev, A., Zeolla, A., Zhang, E., Zheng, L., Zheng, Y., and Zuniga, A.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: We measured the nuclear--recoil ionization yield in silicon with a cryogenic phonon-sensitive gram-scale detector. Neutrons from a mono-energetic beam scatter off of the silicon nuclei at angles corresponding to energy depositions from 4\,keV down to 100\,eV, the lowest energy probed so far. The results show no sign of an ionization production threshold above 100\,eV. These results call for further investigation of the ionization yield theory and a comprehensive determination of the detector response function at energies below the keV scale.
Published: 2023
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3. A Search for Low-mass Dark Matter via Bremsstrahlung Radiation and the Migdal Effect in SuperCDMS

Author: Albakry, M. F., Alkhatib, I., Alonso, D., Amaral, D. W. P., Aralis, T., Aramaki, T., Arnquist, I. J., Langroudy, I. Ataee, Azadbakht, E., Banik, S., Bathurst, C., Bhattacharyya, R., Brink, P. L., Bunker, R., Cabrera, B., Calkins, R., Cameron, R. A., Cartaro, C., Cerdeño, D. G., Chang, Y. -Y., Chaudhuri, M., Chen, R., Chott, N., Cooley, J., Coombes, H., Corbett, J., Cushman, P., Das, S., De Brienne, F., Rios, M., Dharani, S., di Vacri, M. L., Diamond, M. D., Elwan, M., Fascione, E., Figueroa-Feliciano, E., Fink, C. W., Fouts, K., Fritts, M., Gerbier, G., Germond, R., Ghaith, M., Golwala, S. R., Hall, J., Hassan, N., Hines, B. A., Hong, Z., Hoppe, E. W., Hsu, L., Huber, M. E., Iyer, V., Jardin, D., Kashyap, V. K. S., Kelsey, M. H., Kubik, A., Kurinsky, N. A., Lee, M., Li, A., Litke, M., Liu, J., Liu, Y., Loer, B., Asamar, E. Lopez, Lukens, P., MacFarlane, D. B., Mahapatra, R., Mast, N., Mayer, A. J., Theenhausen, H. Meyer zu, Michaud, É., Michielin, E., Mirabolfathi, N., Mohanty, B., Nelson, J., Neog, H., Novati, V., Orrell, J. L., Osborne, M. D., Oser, S. M., Page, W. A., Pandey, S., Partridge, R., Pedreros, D. S., Perna, L., Podviianiuk, R., Ponce, F., Poudel, S., Pradeep, A., Pyle, M., Rau, W., Reid, E., Ren, R., Reynolds, T., Roberts, A., Robinson, A. E., Saab, T., Sadek, D., Sadoulet, B., Saikia, I., Sander, J., Sattari, A., Schmidt, B., Schnee, R. W., Scorza, S., Serfass, B., Poudel, S. S., Sincavage, D. J., Sinervo, P., Street, J., Sun, H., Terry, G. D., Thasrawala, F. K., Toback, D., Underwood, R., Verma, S., Villano, A. N., von Krosigk, B., Watkins, S. L., Wen, O., Williams, Z., Wilson, M. J., Winchell, J., Wu, C. -P., Wykoff, K., Yellin, S., Young, B. A., Yu, T. C., Zatschler, B., Zatschler, S., Zaytsev, A., Zhang, E., Zheng, L., and Zuniga, A.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract: We present a new analysis of previously published of SuperCDMS data using a profile likelihood framework to search for sub-GeV dark matter (DM) particles through two inelastic scattering channels: bremsstrahlung radiation and the Migdal effect. By considering these possible inelastic scattering channels, experimental sensitivity can be extended to DM masses that are undetectable through the DM-nucleon elastic scattering channel, given the energy threshold of current experiments. We exclude DM masses down to $220~\textrm{MeV}/c^2$ at $2.7 \times 10^{-30}~\textrm{cm}^2$ via the bremsstrahlung channel. The Migdal channel search provides overall considerably more stringent limits and excludes DM masses down to $30~\textrm{MeV}/c^2$ at $5.0 \times 10^{-30}~\textrm{cm}^2$., Comment: Submitted to PRD
Published: 2023
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4. Snowmass 2021 Underground Facilities for the Cosmic Frontier Topical Report

Author: Cooley, J., Hertel, S., Lippincott, H., Ni, K., and Pantic, E.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: Detecting dark matter directly using sensitive underground detectors is one of the most promising ways to address the question of what is dark matter. The next generation underground experiments will search for dark matter in two directions. One is to use larger target mass detectors to further probe smaller cross sections in the WIMP parameter space and the other is to probe lower mass dark matter which requires new technologies with extremely low threshold. Once dark matter is detected, experiments with directional sensitivities and experiments with longer exposure and larger target masses are needed for the time-dependent signatures, such as annual modulations, to verify their cosmic origin and to further study their properties. This report covers the underground facilities need for the next generation dark matter search experiments with noble liquids, cryogenic bolometers and other technologies., Comment: Snowmass 2021 Underground Facilities for the Cosmic Frontier Topical Report
Published: 2022

5. Effective Field Theory Analysis of CDMSlite Run 2 Data

Author: SuperCDMS Collaboration, Albakry, M. F., Alkhatib, I., Amaral, D. W. P., Aralis, T., Aramaki, T., Arnquist, I. J., Langroudy, I. Ataee, Azadbakht, E., Banik, S., Bathurst, C., Bauer, D. A., Bezerra, L. V. S., Bhattacharyya, R., Brink, P. L., Bunker, R., Cabrera, B., Calkins, R., Cameron, R. A., Cartaro, C., Cerdeño, D. G., Chang, Y. -Y., Chaudhuri, M., Chen, R., Chott, N., Cooley, J., Coombes, H., Corbett, J., Cushman, P., De Brienne, F., Dharani, S., di Vacri, M. L., Diamond, M. D., Fascione, E., Figueroa-Feliciano, E., Fink, C. W., Fouts, K., Fritts, M., Gerbier, G., Germond, R., Ghaith, M., Golwala, S. R., Hall, J., Hassan, N., Hines, B. A., Hollister, M. I., Hong, Z., Hoppe, E. W., Hsu, L., Huber, M. E., Iyer, V., Jastram, A., Kashyap, V. K. S., Kelsey, M. H., Kubik, A., Kurinsky, N. A., Lawrence, R. E., Lee, M., Li, A., Liu, J., Liu, Y., Loer, B., Lukens, P., MacFarlane, D. B., Mahapatra, R., Mandic, V., Mast, N., Mayer, A. J., Theenhausen, H. Meyer zu, Michaud, É., Michielin, E., Mirabolfathi, N., Mohanty, B., Nagorny, S., Nelson, J., Neog, H., Novati, V., Orrell, J. L., Osborne, M. D., Oser, S. M., Page, W. A., Partridge, R., Pedreros, D. S., Podviianiuk, R., Ponce, F., Poudel, S., Pradeep, A., Pyle, M., Rau, W., Reid, E., Ren, R., Reynolds, T., Roberts, A., Robinson, A. E., Rogers, H. E., Saab, T., Sadoulet, B., Saikia, I., Sander, J., Sattari, A., Schmidt, B., Schnee, R. W., Scorza, S., Serfass, B., Poudel, S. S., Sincavage, D. J., Stanford, C., Street, J., Sun, H., Thasrawala, F. K., Toback, D., Underwood, R., Verma, S., Villano, A. N., von Krosigk, B., Watkins, S. L., Wen, O., Williams, Z., Wilson, M. J., Winchell, J., Wykoff, K., Yellin, S., Young, B. A., Yu, T. C., Zatschler, B., Zatschler, S., Zaytsev, A., Zhang, E., Zheng, L., and Zuber, S.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: CDMSlite Run 2 was a search for weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) with a cryogenic 600 g Ge detector operated in a high-voltage mode to optimize sensitivity to WIMPs of relatively low mass from 2 - 20 GeV/$c^2$. In this article, we present an effective field theory (EFT) analysis of the CDMSlite Run 2 data using an extended energy range and a comprehensive treatment of the expected background. A binned likelihood Bayesian analysis was performed on the recoil energy data, taking into account the parameters of the EFT interactions and optimizing the data selection with respect to the dominant background components. Energy regions within 5$\sigma$ of known activation peaks were removed from the analysis. The Bayesian evidences resulting from the different operator hypotheses show that the CDMSlite Run 2 data are consistent with the background-only models and do not allow for a signal interpretation assuming any additional EFT interaction. Consequently, upper limits on the WIMP mass and coupling-coefficient amplitudes and phases are presented for each EFT operator. These limits improve previous CDMSlite Run 2 bounds for WIMP masses above 5 GeV/$c^2$., Comment: 16 pages, 8 figures
Published: 2022

6. Investigating the sources of low-energy events in a SuperCDMS-HVeV detector

Author: SuperCDMS Collaboration, Albakry, M. F., Alkhatib, I., Amaral, D. W. P., Aralis, T., Aramaki, T., Arnquist, I. J., Langroudy, I. Ataee, Azadbakht, E., Banik, S., Bathurst, C., Bauer, D. A., Bhattacharyya, R., Brink, P. L., Bunker, R., Cabrera, B., Calkins, R., Cameron, R. A., Cartaro, C., Cerdeño, D. G., Chang, Y. -Y., Chaudhuri, M., Chen, R., Chott, N., Cooley, J., Coombes, H., Corbett, J., Cushman, P., De Brienne, F., Dharani, S., di Vacri, M. L., Diamond, M. D., Fascione, E., Figueroa-Feliciano, E., Fink, C. W., Fouts, K., Fritts, M., Gerbier, G., Germond, R., Ghaith, M., Golwala, S. R., Hall, J., Hassan, N., Hines, B. A., Hollister, M. I., Hong, Z., Hoppe, E. W., Hsu, L., Huber, M. E., Iyer, V., Jastram, A., Kashyap, V. K. S., Kelsey, M. H., Kubik, A., Kurinsky, N. A., Lawrence, R. E., Lee, M., Li, A., Liu, J., Liu, Y., Loer, B., Asamar, E. Lopez, Lukens, P., MacFarlane, D. B., Mahapatra, R., Mandic, V., Mast, N., Mayer, A. J., Theenhausen, H. Meyer zu, Michaud, É., Michielin, E., Mirabolfathi, N., Mohanty, B., Nagorny, S., Nelson, J., Neog, H., Novati, V., Orrell, J. L., Osborne, M. D., Oser, S. M., Page, W. A., Partridge, R., Pedreros, D. S., Podviianiuk, R., Ponce, F., Poudel, S., Pradeep, A., Pyle, M., Rau, W., Reid, E., Ren, R., Reynolds, T., Roberts, A., Robinson, A. E., Saab, T., Sadoulet, B., Saikia, I., Sander, J., Sattari, A., Schmidt, B., Schnee, R. W., Scorza, S., Serfass, B., Poudel, S. S., Sincavage, D. J., Stanford, C., Street, J., Sun, H., Thasrawala, F. K., Toback, D., Underwood, R., Verma, S., Villano, A. N., von Krosigk, B., Watkins, S. L., Wen, O., Williams, Z., Wilson, M. J., Winchell, J., Wykoff, K., Yellin, S., Young, B. A., Yu, T. C., Zatschler, B., Zatschler, S., Zaytsev, A., Zhang, E., Zheng, L., and Zuber, S.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: Recent experiments searching for sub-GeV/$c^2$ dark matter have observed event excesses close to their respective energy thresholds. Although specific to the individual technologies, the measured excess event rates have been consistently reported at or below event energies of a few-hundred eV, or with charges of a few electron-hole pairs. In the present work, we operated a 1-gram silicon SuperCDMS-HVeV detector at three voltages across the crystal (0 V, 60 V and 100 V). The 0 V data show an excess of events in the tens of eV region. Despite this event excess, we demonstrate the ability to set a competitive exclusion limit on the spin-independent dark matter--nucleon elastic scattering cross section for dark matter masses of $\mathcal{O}(100)$ MeV/$c^2$, enabled by operation of the detector at 0 V potential and achievement of a very low $\mathcal{O}(10)$ eV threshold for nuclear recoils. Comparing the data acquired at 0 V, 60 V and 100 V potentials across the crystal, we investigated possible sources of the unexpected events observed at low energy. The data indicate that the dominant contribution to the excess is consistent with a hypothesized luminescence from the printed circuit boards used in the detector holder.
Published: 2022
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7. A Strategy for Low-Mass Dark Matter Searches with Cryogenic Detectors in the SuperCDMS SNOLAB Facility

Author: SuperCDMS Collaboration, Albakry, M. F., Alkhatib, I., Amaral, D. W. P., Aralis, T., Aramaki, T., Arnquist, I. J., Langroudy, I. Ataee, Azadbakht, E., Banik, S., Bathurst, C., Bauer, D. A., Bhattacharyya, R., Brink, P. L., Bunker, R., Cabrera, B., Calkins, R., Cameron, R. A., Cartaro, C., Cerdeno, D. G., Chang, Y. -Y., Chaudhuri, M., Chen, R., Chott, N., Cooley, J., Coombes, H., Corbett, J., Cushman, P., De Brienne, F., Dharani, S., di Vacri, M. L., Diamond, M. D., Fascione, E., Figueroa-Feliciano, E., Fink, C. W., Fouts, K., Fritts, M., Gerbier, G., Germond, R., Ghaith, M., Golwala, S. R., Hall, J., Hassan, N., Hines, B. A., Hollister, M. I., Hong, Z., Hoppe, E. W., Hsu, L., Huber, M. E., Iyer, V., Jastram, A., Kashyap, V. K. S., Kelsey, M. H., Kubik, A., Kurinsky, N. A., Lawrence, R. E., Lee, M., Li, A., Liu, J., Liu, Y., Loer, B., Lukens, P., MacFarlane, D. B., Mahapatra, R., Mandic, V., Mast, N., Mayer, A. J., Theenhausen, H. Meyer zu, Michaud, E., Michielin, E., Mirabolfathi, N., Mohanty, B., Nagorny, S., Nelson, J., Neog, H., Novati, V., Orrell, J. L., Osborne, M. D., Oser, S. M., Page, W. A., Partridge, R., Pedreros, D. S., Podviianiuk, R., Ponce, F., Poudel, S., Pradeep, A., Pyle, M., Rau, W., Reid, E., Ren, R., Reynolds, T., Roberts, A., Robinson, A. E., Saab, T., Sadoulet, B., Saikia, I., Sander, J., Sattari, A., Schmidt, B., Schnee, R. W., Scorza, S., Serfass, B., Poudel, S. S., Sincavage, D. J., Stanford, C., Street, J., Sun, H., Thasrawala, F. K., Toback, D., Underwood, R., Verma, S., Villano, A. N., von Krosigk, B., Watkins, S. L., Wen, O., Williams, Z., Wilson, M. J., Winchell, J., Wyko, K., Yellin, S., Young, B. A., Yu, T. C., Zatschler, B., Zatschler, S., Zaytsev, A., Zhang, E., Zheng, L., and Zuber, S.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: The SuperCDMS Collaboration is currently building SuperCDMS SNOLAB, a dark matter search focused on nucleon-coupled dark matter in the 1-5 GeV/c$^2$ mass range. Looking to the future, the Collaboration has developed a set of experience-based upgrade scenarios, as well as novel directions, to extend the search for dark matter using the SuperCDMS technology in the SNOLAB facility. The experienced-based scenarios are forecasted to probe many square decades of unexplored dark matter parameter space below 5 GeV/c$^2$, covering over 6 decades in mass: 1-100 eV/c$^2$ for dark photons and axion-like particles, 1-100 MeV/c$^2$ for dark-photon-coupled light dark matter, and 0.05-5 GeV/c$^2$ for nucleon-coupled dark matter. They will reach the neutrino fog in the 0.5-5 GeV/c$^2$ mass range and test a variety of benchmark models and sharp targets. The novel directions involve greater departures from current SuperCDMS technology but promise even greater reach in the long run, and their development must begin now for them to be available in a timely fashion. The experienced-based upgrade scenarios rely mainly on dramatic improvements in detector performance based on demonstrated scaling laws and reasonable extrapolations of current performance. Importantly, these improvements in detector performance obviate significant reductions in background levels beyond current expectations for the SuperCDMS SNOLAB experiment. Given that the dominant limiting backgrounds for SuperCDMS SNOLAB are cosmogenically created radioisotopes in the detectors, likely amenable only to isotopic purification and an underground detector life-cycle from before crystal growth to detector testing, the potential cost and time savings are enormous and the necessary improvements much easier to prototype., Comment: contribution to Snowmass 2021; v2 updated (assorted corrections and improvements to forecasts) October 2022; v3 updated (corrected SuperCDMS SNOLAB sensitivity curves in upgrade forecast plots in body of text) April 2023
Published: 2022

8. Ionization yield measurement in a germanium CDMSlite detector using photo-neutron sources

Author: SuperCDMS Collaboration, Albakry, M. F., Alkhatib, I., Amaral, D. W. P., Aralis, T., Aramaki, T., Arnquist, I. J., Langroudy, I. Ataee, Azadbakht, E., Banik, S., Bathurst, C., Bauer, D. A., Bezerra, L. V. S., Bhattacharyya, R., Bowles, M. A., Brink, P. L., Bunker, R., Cabrera, B., Calkins, R., Cameron, R. A., Cartaro, C., Cerdeño, D. G., Chang, Y. -Y., Chaudhuri, M., Chen, R., Chott, N., Cooley, J., Coombes, H., Corbett, J., Cushman, P., De Brienne, F., di Vacri, M. L., Diamond, M. D., Fascione, E., Figueroa-Feliciano, E., Fink, C. W., Fouts, K., Fritts, M., Gerbier, G., Germond, R., Ghaith, M., Golwala, S. R., Hall, J., Hines, B. A., Hollister, M. I., Hong, Z., Hoppe, E. W., Hsu, L., Huber, M. E., Iyer, V., Jastram, A., Kashyap, V. K. S., Kelsey, M. H., Kubik, A., Kurinsky, N. A., Lawrence, R. E., Lee, M., Li, A., Liu, J., Liu, Y., Loer, B., Lukens, P., MacDonell, D., MacFarlane, D. B., Mahapatra, R., Mandic, V., Mast, N., Mayer, A. J., Theenhausen, H. Meyer zu, Michaud, É., Michielin, E., Mirabolfathi, N., Mohanty, B., Mendoza, J. D. Morales, Nagorny, S., Nelson, J., Neog, H., Novati, V., Orrell, J. L., Osborne, M. D., Oser, S. M., Page, W. A., Partridge, R., Pedreros, D. S., Podviianiuk, R., Ponce, F., Poudel, S., Pradeep, A., Pyle, M., Rau, W., Reid, E., Ren, R., Reynolds, T., Roberts, A., Robinson, A. E., Saab, T., Sadoulet, B., Saikia, I., Sander, J., Sattari, A., Scarff, A., Schmidt, B., Schnee, R. W., Scorza, S., Serfass, B., Sincavage, D. J., Stanford, C., Street, J., Thasrawala, F. K., Toback, D., Underwood, R., Verma, S., Villano, A. N., von Krosigk, B., Watkins, S. L., Wen, O., Williams, Z., Wilson, M. J., Winchell, J., Wykoff, K., Yellin, S., Young, B. A., Yu, T. C., Zatschler, B., Zatschler, S., Zaytsev, A., Zhang, E., Zheng, L., and Zuber, S.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: Two photo-neutron sources, $^{88}$Y$^{9}$Be and $^{124}$Sb$^{9}$Be, have been used to investigate the ionization yield of nuclear recoils in the CDMSlite germanium detectors by the SuperCDMS collaboration. This work evaluates the yield for nuclear recoil energies between 1 keV and 7 keV at a temperature of $\sim$ 50 mK. We use a Geant4 simulation to model the neutron spectrum assuming a charge yield model that is a generalization of the standard Lindhard model and consists of two energy dependent parameters. We perform a likelihood analysis using the simulated neutron spectrum, modeled background, and experimental data to obtain the best fit values of the yield model. The ionization yield between recoil energies of 1 keV and 7 keV is shown to be significantly lower than predicted by the standard Lindhard model for germanium. There is a general lack of agreement among different experiments using a variety of techniques studying the low-energy range of the nuclear recoil yield, which is most critical for interpretation of direct dark matter searches. This suggests complexity in the physical process that many direct detection experiments use to model their primary signal detection mechanism and highlights the need for further studies to clarify underlying systematic effects that have not been well understood up to this point.
Published: 2022
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9. EXCESS workshop: Descriptions of rising low-energy spectra

Author: Adari, P., Aguilar-Arevalo, A., Amidei, D., Angloher, G., Armengaud, E., Augier, C., Balogh, L., Banik, S., Baxter, D., Beaufort, C., Beaulieu, G., Belov, V., Gal, Y. Ben, Benato, G., Benoît, A., Bento, A., Bergé, L., Bertolini, A., Bhattacharyya, R., Billard, J., Bloch, I. M., Botti, A., Breier, R., Bres, G., Bret, J-. L., Broniatowski, A., Brossard, A., Bucci, C., Bunker, R., Cababie, M., Calvo, M., Camus, P., Cancelo, G., Canonica, L., Cappella, F., Cardani, L., Caron, J. -F., Casali, N., del Castello, G., Cazes, A., Cerulli, R., Vergara, B. A. Cervantes, Chaize, D., Chapellier, M., Chaplinsky, L., Charlieux, F., Chaudhuri, M., Chavarria, A. E., Chemin, G., Chen, R., Chen, H., Chierchie, F., Colantoni, I., Colas, J., Cooley, J., Coquillat, J. -M., Corcoran, E. C., Crawford, S., Crisler, M., Cruciani, A., Cushman, P., D'Addabbo, A., D'Olivo, J. C., Dastgheibi-Fard, A., De Jésus, M., Deng, Y., Dent, J. B., Depaoli, E. L., Dering, K., Dharani, S., Di Lorenzo, S., Drlica-Wagner, A., Dumoulin, L., Durnford, D., Dutta, B., Einfalt, L., Erb, A., Erhart, A., Essig, R., Estrada, J., Etzion, E., Exshaw, O., Favela-Perez, F., Feilitzsch, F. v., Moroni, G. Fernandez, Iachellini, N. Ferreiro, Ferriol, S., Fichtinger, S., Figueroa-Feliciano, E., Filippini, J. -B., Filosofov, D., Formaggio, J. A., Friedl, M., Fuard, S., Fuchs, D., Fuss, A., Gaïor, R., Garai, A., Garrah, C., Gascon, J., Gerbier, G., Ghaith, M., Ghete, V. M., Gift, D., Giomataris, I., Giroux, G., Giuliani, A., Gorel, P., Gorla, P., Goupy, C., Goupy, J., Goy, C., Gros, M., Gros, P., Guardincerri, Y., Guerin, C., Guidi, V., Guillaudin, O., Gupta, S., Guy, E., Harrington, P., Hauff, D., Heine, S. T., Hertel, S. A., Holland, S. E., Hong, Z., Hoppe, E. W., Hossbach, T. W., Ianigro, J. -C., Iyer, V., Jastram, A., Ješkovský, M., Jin, Y., Jochum, J., Johnston, J. P., Juillard, A., Karaivanov, D., Kashyap, V., Katsioulas, I., Kazarcev, S., Kaznacheeva, M., Kelly, F., Kilminster, B., Kinast, A., Klinkenberg, L., Kluck, H., Knights, P., Korn, Y., Kraus, H., von Krosigk, B., Kubik, A., Kurinsky, N. A., Lamblin, J., Langenkämper, A., Langrock, S., Lasserre, T., Lattaud, H., Lautridou, P., Lawson, I., Lee, S. J., Lee, M., Letessier-Selvon, A., Lhuillier, D., Li, M., Lin, Y. -T., Lubashevskiy, A., Mahapatra, R., Maludze, S., Mancuso, M., Manthos, I., Marini, L., Marnieros, S., Martin, R. D., Matalon, A., Matthews, J., Mauri, B., Mayer, D. W., Mazzolari, A., Mazzucato, E., Theenhausen, H. Meyer zu, Michielin, E., Minet, J., Mirabolfathi, N., Mirbach, K. v., Misiak, D., Mitra, P., Mocellin, J-. L., Mohanty, B., Mokina, V., Mols, J. -P., Monfardini, A., Mounier, F., Munagavalasa, S., Muraz, J. -F., Navick, X. -F., Neep, T., Neog, H., Neyrial, H., Nikolopoulos, K., Nilima, A., Nones, C., Novati, V., O'Brien, P., Oberauer, L., Olivieri, E., Olmi, M., Onillon, A., Oriol, C., Orly, A., Orrell, J. L., Ortmann, T., Overman, C. T., Pagliarone, C., Palušová, V., Pari, P., Patel, P. K., Pattavina, L., Petricca, F., Piers, A., Pinckney, H. D., Piro, M. -C., Platt, M., Poda, D., Ponomarev, D., Potzel, W., Povinec, P., Pröbst, F., Privitera, P., Pucci, F., Ramanathan, K., Real, J. -S., Redon, T., Reindl, F., Ren, R., Robert, A., Da Rocha, J., Rodrigues, D., Rogly, R., Rothe, J., Rowe, N., Rozov, S., Rozova, I., Saab, T., Saffold, N., Salagnac, T., Sander, J., Sanglard, V., Santos, D., Sarkis, Y., Savu, V., Savvidis, G., Savvidis, I., Schönert, S., Schäffner, K., Schermer, N., Schieck, J., Schmidt, B., Schmiedmayer, D., Schwertner, C., Scola, L., Settimo, M., Shevchik, Ye., Sibille, V., Sidelnik, I., Singal, A., Smida, R., Haro, M. Sofo, Soldner, T., Stachurska, J., Stahlberg, M., Stefanazzi, L., Stodolsky, L., Strandhagen, C., Strauss, R., Stutz, A., Thomas, R., Thompson, A., Tiffenberg, J., Tomei, C., Traina, M., Uemura, S., Usherov, I., Vagneron, L., Van De Pontseele, W., Fernandez, F. A. Vazquez de Sola, Vidal, M., Vignati, M., Virto, A. L., Vivier, M., Volansky, T., Wagner, V., Wagner, F., Walker, J., Ward, R., Watkins, S. L., Wex, A., Willers, M., Wilson, M. J., Winslow, L., Yakushev, E., Yu, T. -T., Zampaolo, M., Zaytsev, A., Zema, V., Zinatulina, D., and Zolotarova, A.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: Many low-threshold experiments observe sharply rising event rates of yet unknown origins below a few hundred eV, and larger than expected from known backgrounds. Due to the significant impact of this excess on the dark matter or neutrino sensitivity of these experiments, a collective effort has been started to share the knowledge about the individual observations. For this, the EXCESS Workshop was initiated. In its first iteration in June 2021, ten rare event search collaborations contributed to this initiative via talks and discussions. The contributing collaborations were CONNIE, CRESST, DAMIC, EDELWEISS, MINER, NEWS-G, NUCLEUS, RICOCHET, SENSEI and SuperCDMS. They presented data about their observed energy spectra and known backgrounds together with details about the respective measurements. In this paper, we summarize the presented information and give a comprehensive overview of the similarities and differences between the distinct measurements. The provided data is furthermore publicly available on the workshop's data repository together with a plotting tool for visualization., Comment: 44 pages, 20 figures; Editors: A. Fuss, M. Kaznacheeva, F. Reindl, F. Wagner; updated copyright statements and funding information
Published: 2022
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10. Constraints on Lightly Ionizing Particles from CDMSlite

Author: SuperCDMS Collaboration, Alkhatib, I., Amaral, D. W. P., Aralis, T., Aramaki, T., Arnquist, I. J., Langroudy, I. Ataee, Azadbakht, E., Banik, S., Barker, D., Bathurst, C., Bauer, D. A., Bezerra, L. V. S., Bhattacharyya, R., Bowles, M. A., Brink, P. L., Bunker, R., Cabrera, B., Calkins, R., Cameron, R. A., Cartaro, C., Cerdeño, D. G., Chang, Y. -Y., Chaudhuri, M., Chen, R., Chott, N., Cooley, J., Coombes, H., Corbett, J., Cushman, P., De Brienne, F., di Vacri, M. L., Diamond, M. D., Fascione, E., Figueroa-Feliciano, E., Fink, C. W., Fouts, K., Fritts, M., Gerbier, G., Germond, R., Ghaith, M., Golwala, S. R., Harris, H. R., Hines, B. A., Hollister, M. I., Hong, Z., Hoppe, E. W., Hsu, L., Huber, M. E., Iyer, V., Jardin, D., Jastram, A., Kashyap, V. K. S., Kelsey, M. H., Kubik, A., Kurinsky, N. A., Lawrence, R. E., Li, A., Loer, B., Asamar, E. Lopez, Lukens, P., MacFarlane, D. B., Mahapatra, R., Mandic, V., Mast, N., Mayer, A. J., Theenhausen, H. Meyer zu, Michaud, É. M., Michielin, E., Mirabolfathi, N., Mohanty, B., Mendoza, J. D. Morales, Nagorny, S., Nelson, J., Neog, H., Novati, V., Orrell, J. L., Oser, S. M., Page, W. A., Partridge, R., Podviianiuk, R., Ponce, F., Poudel, S., Pradeep, A., Pyle, M., Rau, W., Reid, E., Ren, R., Reynolds, T., Roberts, A., Robinson, A. E., Saab, T., Sadoulet, B., Sander, J., Sattari, A., Schnee, R. W., Scorza, S., Serfass, B., Sincavage, D. J., Stanford, C., Street, J., Toback, D., Underwood, R., Verma, S., Villano, A. N., von Krosigk, B., Watkins, S. L., Wilson, J. S., Wilson, M. J., Winchell, J., Wright, D. H., Yellin, S., Young, B. A., Yu, T. C., Zhang, E., Zhang, H. G., Zhao, X., and Zheng, L.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: The Cryogenic Dark Matter Search low ionization threshold experiment (CDMSlite) achieved efficient detection of very small recoil energies in its germanium target, resulting in sensitivity to Lightly Ionizing Particles (LIPs) in a previously unexplored region of charge, mass, and velocity parameter space. We report first direct-detection limits calculated using the optimum interval method on the vertical intensity of cosmogenically-produced LIPs with an electric charge smaller than $e/(3\times10^5$), as well as the strongest limits for charge $\leq e/160$, with a minimum vertical intensity of $1.36\times10^{-7}$\,cm$^{-2}$s$^{-1}$sr$^{-1}$ at charge $e/160$. These results apply over a wide range of LIP masses (5\,MeV/$c^2$ to 100\,TeV/$c^2$) and cover a wide range of $\beta\gamma$ values (0.1 -- $10^6$), thus excluding non-relativistic LIPs with $\beta\gamma$ as small as 0.1 for the first time.
Published: 2020
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11. Light Dark Matter Search with a High-Resolution Athermal Phonon Detector Operated Above Ground

Author: Alkhatib, I., Amaral, D. W. P., Aralis, T., Aramaki, T., Arnquist, I. J., Langroudy, I. Ataee, Azadbakht, E., Banik, S., Barker, D., Bathurst, C., Bauer, D. A., Bezerra, L. V. S., Bhattacharyya, R., Binder, T., Bowles, M. A., Brink, P. L., Bunker, R., Cabrera, B., Calkins, R., Cameron, R. A., Cartaro, C., Cerdeño, D. G., Chang, Y. -Y., Chaudhuri, M., Chen, R., Chott, N., Cooley, J., Coombes, H., Corbett, J., Cushman, P., De Brienne, F., di Vacri, M. L., Diamond, M. D., Fascione, E., Figueroa-Feliciano, E., Fink, C. W., Fouts, K., Fritts, M., Gerbier, G., Germond, R., Ghaith, M., Golwala, S. R., Harris, H. R., Herbert, N., Hines, B. A., Hollister, M. I., Hong, Z., Hoppe, E. W., Hsu, L., Huber, M. E., Iyer, V., Jardin, D., Jastram, A., Kashyap, V. K. S., Kelsey, M. H., Kubik, A., Kurinsky, N. A., Lawrence, R. E., Li, A., Loer, B., Asamar, E. Lopez, Lukens, P., MacDonell, D., MacFarlane, D. B., Mahapatra, R., Mandic, V., Mast, N., Mayer, A. J., Theenhausen, H. Meyer zu, Michaud, É. M., Michielin, E., Mirabolfathi, N., Mohanty, B., Mendoza, J. D. Morales, Nagorny, S., Nelson, J., Neog, H., Novati, V., Orrell, J. L., Oser, S. M., Page, W. A., Pakarha, P., Partridge, R., Podviianiuk, R., Ponce, F., Poudel, S., Pyle, M., Rau, W., Reid, E., Ren, R., Reynolds, T., Roberts, A., Robinson, A. E., Saab, T., Sadoulet, B., Sander, J., Sattari, A., Schnee, R. W., Scorza, S., Serfass, B., Sincavage, D. J., Stanford, C., Street, J., Toback, D., Underwood, R., Verma, S., Villano, A. N., von Krosigk, B., Watkins, S. L., Wills, L., Wilson, J. S., Wilson, M. J., Winchell, J., Wright, D. H., Yellin, S., Young, B. A., Yu, T. C., Zhang, E., Zhang, H. G., Zhao, X., Zheng, L., Camilleri, J., Kolomensky, Yu. G., and Zuber, S.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: We present limits on spin-independent dark matter-nucleon interactions using a $10.6$ $\mathrm{g}$ Si athermal phonon detector with a baseline energy resolution of $\sigma_E=3.86 \pm 0.04$ $(\mathrm{stat.})^{+0.19}_{-0.00}$ $(\mathrm{syst.})$ $\mathrm{eV}$. This exclusion analysis sets the most stringent dark matter-nucleon scattering cross-section limits achieved by a cryogenic detector for dark matter particle masses from $93$ to $140$ $\mathrm{MeV}/c^2$, with a raw exposure of $9.9$ $\mathrm{g}\cdot\mathrm{d}$ acquired at an above-ground facility. This work illustrates the scientific potential of detectors with athermal phonon sensors with eV-scale energy resolution for future dark matter searches., Comment: 7 pages, 4 figures, this version includes ancillary files from official data release
Published: 2020
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12. Constraints on low-mass, relic dark matter candidates from a surface-operated SuperCDMS single-charge sensitive detector

Author: SuperCDMS Collaboration, Amaral, D. W., Aralis, T., Aramaki, T., Arnquist, I. J., Azadbakht, E., Banik, S., Barker, D., Bathurst, C., Bauer, D. A., Bezerra, L. V. S., Bhattacharyya, R., Binder, T., Bowles, M. A., Brink, P. L., Bunker, R., Cabrera, B., Calkins, R., Cameron, R. A., Cartaro, C., Cerdeño, D. G., Chang, Y. -Y., Chen, R., Chott, N., Cooley, J., Coombes, H., Corbett, J., Cushman, P., De Brienne, F., di Vacri, M. L., Diamond, M. D., Fascione, E., Figueroa-Feliciano, E., Fink, C. W., Fouts, K., Fritts, M., Gerbier, G., Germond, R., Ghaith, M., Golwala, S. R., Harris, H. R., Herbert, N., Hines, B. A., Hollister, M. I., Hong, Z., Hoppe, E. W., Hsu, L., Huber, M. E., Iyer, V., Jardin, D., Jastram, A., Kelsey, M. H., Kubik, A., Kurinsky, N. A., Lawrence, R. E., Li, A., Loer, B., Asamar, E. Lopez, Lukens, P., MacDonell, D., MacFarlane, D. B., Mahapatra, R., Mandic, V., Mast, N., Mayer, A. J., Michaud, É. M., Michielin, E., Mirabolfathi, N., Mohanty, B., Mendoza, J. D. Morales, Nagorny, S., Nelson, J., Neog, H., Novati, V., Orrell, J. L., Oser, S. M., Page, W. A., Pakarha, P., Partridge, R., Podviianiuk, R., Ponce, F., Poudel, S., Pyle, M., Rau, W., Reid, E., Ren, R., Reynolds, T., Roberts, A., Robinson, A. E., Rogers, H. E., Saab, T., Sadoulet, B., Sander, J., Sattari, A., Schnee, R. W., Scorza, S., Serfass, B., Sincavage, D. J., Stanford, C., Stein, M., Street, J., Toback, D., Underwood, R., Verma, S., Villano, A. N., von Krosigk, B., Watkins, S. L., Wills, L., Wilson, J. S., Wilson, M. J., Winchell, J., Wright, D. H., Yellin, S., Young, B. A., Yu, T. C., Zhang, E., Zhang, H. G., Zhao, X., and Zheng, L.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: This article presents an analysis and the resulting limits on light dark matter inelastically scattering off of electrons, and on dark photon and axion-like particle absorption, using a second-generation SuperCDMS high-voltage eV-resolution detector. The 0.93 gram Si detector achieved a 3 eV phonon energy resolution; for a detector bias of 100 V, this corresponds to a charge resolution of 3% of a single electron-hole pair. The energy spectrum is reported from a blind analysis with 1.2 gram-days of exposure acquired in an above-ground laboratory. With charge carrier trapping and impact ionization effects incorporated into the dark matter signal models, the dark matter-electron cross section $\bar{\sigma}_{e}$ is constrained for dark matter masses from 0.5--$10^{4} $MeV$/c^{2}$; in the mass range from 1.2--50 eV$/c^{2}$ the dark photon kinetic mixing parameter $\varepsilon$ and the axioelectric coupling constant $g_{ae}$ are constrained. The minimum 90% confidence-level upper limits within the above mentioned mass ranges are $\bar{\sigma}_{e}\,=\,8.7\times10^{-34}$ cm$^{2}$, $\varepsilon\,=\,3.3\times10^{-14}$, and $g_{ae}\,=\,1.0\times10^{-9}$., Comment: 5 pages + title and references, 3 figures and 1 table
Published: 2020
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13. Constraints on Lightly Ionizing Particles from CDMSlite

Author: Alkhatib, I, Amaral, DWP, Aralis, T, Aramaki, T, Arnquist, IJ, Langroudy, I Ataee, Azadbakht, E, Banik, S, Barker, D, Bathurst, C, Bauer, DA, Bezerra, LVS, Bhattacharyya, R, Bowles, MA, Brink, PL, Bunker, R, Cabrera, B, Calkins, R, Cameron, RA, Cartaro, C, Cerdeño, DG, Chang, Y-Y, Chaudhuri, M, Chen, R, Chott, N, Cooley, J, Coombes, H, Corbett, J, Cushman, P, De Brienne, F, di Vacri, ML, Diamond, MD, Fascione, E, Figueroa-Feliciano, E, Fink, CW, Fouts, K, Fritts, M, Gerbier, G, Germond, R, Ghaith, M, Golwala, SR, Harris, HR, Hines, BA, Hollister, MI, Hong, Z, Hoppe, EW, Hsu, L, Huber, ME, Iyer, V, Jardin, D, Jastram, A, Kashyap, VKS, Kelsey, MH, Kubik, A, Kurinsky, NA, Lawrence, RE, Li, A, Loer, B, Asamar, E Lopez, Lukens, P, MacFarlane, DB, Mahapatra, R, Mandic, V, Mast, N, Mayer, AJ, Theenhausen, H Meyer zu, Michaud, ÉM, Michielin, E, Mirabolfathi, N, Mohanty, B, Mendoza, JD Morales, Nagorny, S, Nelson, J, Neog, H, Novati, V, Orrell, JL, Oser, SM, Page, WA, Partridge, R, Podviianiuk, R, Ponce, F, Poudel, S, Pradeep, A, Pyle, M, Rau, W, Reid, E, Ren, R, Reynolds, T, Roberts, A, Robinson, AE, Saab, T, Sadoulet, B, Sander, J, Sattari, A, Schnee, RW, Scorza, S, Serfass, B, Sincavage, DJ, Stanford, C, and Street, J
Subjects: SuperCDMS Collaboration, Mathematical Sciences, Physical Sciences, Engineering, General Physics
Abstract: The Cryogenic Dark Matter Search low ionization threshold experiment (CDMSlite) achieved efficient detection of very small recoil energies in its germanium target, resulting in sensitivity to lightly ionizing particles (LIPs) in a previously unexplored region of charge, mass, and velocity parameter space. We report first direct-detection limits calculated using the optimum interval method on the vertical intensity of cosmogenically produced LIPs with an electric charge smaller than e/(3×10^{5}), as well as the strongest limits for charge ≤e/160, with a minimum vertical intensity of 1.36×10^{-7} cm^{-2} s^{-1} sr^{-1} at charge e/160. These results apply over a wide range of LIP masses (5 MeV/c^{2} to 100 TeV/c^{2}) and cover a wide range of βγ values (0.1-10^{6}), thus excluding nonrelativistic LIPs with βγ as small as 0.1 for the first time.
Published: 2021

14. Light Dark Matter Search with a High-Resolution Athermal Phonon Detector Operated above Ground

Author: Alkhatib, I, Amaral, DWP, Aralis, T, Aramaki, T, Arnquist, IJ, Langroudy, I Ataee, Azadbakht, E, Banik, S, Barker, D, Bathurst, C, Bauer, DA, Bezerra, LVS, Bhattacharyya, R, Binder, T, Bowles, MA, Brink, PL, Bunker, R, Cabrera, B, Calkins, R, Cameron, RA, Cartaro, C, Cerdeño, DG, Chang, Y-Y, Chaudhuri, M, Chen, R, Chott, N, Cooley, J, Coombes, H, Corbett, J, Cushman, P, De Brienne, F, di Vacri, ML, Diamond, MD, Fascione, E, Figueroa-Feliciano, E, Fink, CW, Fouts, K, Fritts, M, Gerbier, G, Germond, R, Ghaith, M, Golwala, SR, Harris, HR, Herbert, N, Hines, BA, Hollister, MI, Hong, Z, Hoppe, EW, Hsu, L, Huber, ME, Iyer, V, Jardin, D, Jastram, A, Kashyap, VKS, Kelsey, MH, Kubik, A, Kurinsky, NA, Lawrence, RE, Li, A, Loer, B, Asamar, E Lopez, Lukens, P, MacDonell, D, MacFarlane, DB, Mahapatra, R, Mandic, V, Mast, N, Mayer, AJ, Theenhausen, H Meyer zu, Michaud, ÉM, Michielin, E, Mirabolfathi, N, Mohanty, B, Mendoza, JD Morales, Nagorny, S, Nelson, J, Neog, H, Novati, V, Orrell, JL, Oser, SM, Page, WA, Pakarha, P, Partridge, R, Podviianiuk, R, Ponce, F, Poudel, S, Pyle, M, Rau, W, Reid, E, Ren, R, Reynolds, T, Roberts, A, Robinson, AE, Saab, T, Sadoulet, B, Sander, J, Sattari, A, Schnee, RW, Scorza, S, and Serfass, B
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, SuperCDMS Collaboration, Mathematical Sciences, Engineering, General Physics, Mathematical sciences, Physical sciences
Abstract: We present limits on spin-independent dark matter-nucleon interactions using a 10.6 g Si athermal phonon detector with a baseline energy resolution of σ_{E}=3.86±0.04(stat)_{-0.00}^{+0.19}(syst) eV. This exclusion analysis sets the most stringent dark matter-nucleon scattering cross-section limits achieved by a cryogenic detector for dark matter particle masses from 93 to 140 MeV/c^{2}, with a raw exposure of 9.9 g d acquired at an above-ground facility. This work illustrates the scientific potential of detectors with athermal phonon sensors with eV-scale energy resolution for future dark matter searches.
Published: 2021

15. Constraints on dark photons and axion-like particles from SuperCDMS Soudan

Author: SuperCDMS Collaboration, Aralis, T., Aramaki, T., Arnquist, I. J., Azadbakht, E., Baker, W., Banik, S., Barker, D., Bathurst, C., Bauer, D. A., Bezerra, L. V. S, Bhattacharyya, R., Binder, T., Bowles, M. A., Brink, P. L., Bunker, R., Cabrera, B., Calkins, R., Cameron, R. A., Cartaro, C., Cerdeño, D. G., Chang, Y. -Y., Cooley, J., Coombes, H., Corbett, J., Cornell, B., Cushman, P., De Brienne, F., di Vacri, M. L., Diamond, M. D., Fascione, E., Figueroa-Feliciano, E., Fink, C. W., Fouts, K., Fritts, M., Gerbier, G., Germond, R., Ghaith, M., Golwala, S. R., Harris, H. R., Herbert, N., Hines, B. A., Hollister, M. I., Hong, Z., Hoppe, E. W., Hsu, L., Huber, M. E., Iyer, V., Jardin, D., Jastram, A., Kelsey, M. H., Kennedy, A., Kubik, A., Kurinsky, N. A., Lawrence, R. E., Li, A., Loer, B., Asamar, E. Lopez, Lukens, P., MacDonell, D., MacFarlane, D. B., Mahapatra, R., Mandic, V., Mast, N., Michaud, É. M., Michielin, E., Mirabolfathi, N., Mohanty, B., Mendoza, J. D. Morales, Nagorny, S., Nelson, J., Neog, H., Orrell, J. L., Oser, S. M., Page, W. A., Pakarha, P., Partridge, R., Podviianiuk, R., Ponce, F., Poudel, S., Pyle, M., Rau, W., Ren, R., Reynolds, T., Roberts, A., Robinson, A. E., Rogers, H. E., Saab, T., Sadoulet, B., Sander, J., Toback, D., Underwood, R., Verma, S., Villano, A. N., von Krosigk, B., Watkins, S. L., Wills, L., Wilson, J. S., Wilson, M. J., Winchell, J., Wright, D. H., Yellin, S., Young, B. A., Yu, T. C., Zhang, E., Zhao, X., and Zheng, L.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: We present an analysis of electron recoils in cryogenic germanium detectors operated during the SuperCDMS Soudan experiment. The data are used to set new constraints on the axioelectric coupling of axion-like particles and the kinetic mixing parameter of dark photons, assuming the respective species constitutes all of the galactic dark matter. This study covers the mass range from 40 eV/$c^2$ to 500 eV/$c^2$ for both candidates, excluding previously untested parameter space for masses below ~1 keV/$c^2$. For the kinetic mixing of dark photons, values below $10^{-15}$ are reached for particle masses around 100 eV/$c^2$; for the axioelectric coupling of axion-like particles, values below $10^{-12}$ are reached for particles with masses in the range of a few-hundred eV/$c^2$., Comment: 14 pages, 10 figures, 1 page correction included with 3 figures
Published: 2019
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16. Constraints on dark photons and axionlike particles from the SuperCDMS Soudan experiment

Author: Aralis, T, Aramaki, T, Arnquist, IJ, Azadbakht, E, Baker, W, Banik, S, Barker, D, Bathurst, C, Bauer, DA, Bezerra, LVS, Bhattacharyya, R, Binder, T, Bowles, MA, Brink, PL, Bunker, R, Cabrera, B, Calkins, R, Cameron, RA, Cartaro, C, Cerdeño, DG, Chang, Y-Y, Cooley, J, Coombes, H, Corbett, J, Cornell, B, Cushman, P, De Brienne, F, di Vacri, ML, Diamond, MD, Fascione, E, Figueroa-Feliciano, E, Fink, CW, Fouts, K, Fritts, M, Gerbier, G, Germond, R, Ghaith, M, Golwala, SR, Harris, HR, Herbert, N, Hines, BA, Hollister, MI, Hong, Z, Hoppe, EW, Hsu, L, Huber, ME, Iyer, V, Jardin, D, Jastram, A, Kelsey, MH, Kennedy, A, Kubik, A, Kurinsky, NA, Lawrence, RE, Li, A, Loer, B, Asamar, E Lopez, Lukens, P, MacDonell, D, MacFarlane, DB, Mahapatra, R, Mandic, V, Mast, N, Michaud, ÉM, Michielin, E, Mirabolfathi, N, Mohanty, B, Mendoza, JD Morales, Nagorny, S, Nelson, J, Neog, H, Orrell, JL, Oser, SM, Page, WA, Pakarha, P, Partridge, R, Podviianiuk, R, Ponce, F, Poudel, S, Pyle, M, Rau, W, Ren, R, Reynolds, T, Roberts, A, Robinson, AE, Rogers, HE, Saab, T, Sadoulet, B, Sander, J, Schnee, RW, Scorza, S, Senapati, K, Serfass, B, Sincavage, DJ, Stanford, C, Stein, M, Street, J, Toback, D, Underwood, R, and Verma, S
Subjects: hep-ex, physics.ins-det, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Quantum Physics, Nuclear & Particles Physics
Abstract: We present an analysis of electron recoils in cryogenic germanium detectors operated during the SuperCDMS Soudan experiment. The data are used to set new constraints on the axioelectric coupling of axionlike particles and the kinetic mixing parameter of dark photons, assuming the respective species constitutes all of the galactic dark matter. This study covers the mass range from 40 eV/c2 to 500 keV/c2 for both candidates, excluding previously untested parameter space for masses below ∼1 keV/c2. For the kinetic mixing of dark photons, values below 10-15 are reached for particle masses around 100 eV/c2; for the axioelectric coupling of axionlike particles, values below 10-12 are reached for particles with masses in the range of a few-hundred eV/c2.
Published: 2020

17. Search for Low-Mass Dark Matter with CDMSlite Using a Profile Likelihood Fit

Author: SuperCDMS Collaboration, Agnese, R., Aralis, T., Aramaki, T., Arnquist, I. J., Azadbakht, E., Baker, W., Banik, S., Barker, D., Bauer, D. A., Binder, T., Bowles, M. A., Brink, P. L., Bunker, R., Cabrera, B., Calkins, R., Cameron, R. A., Cartaro, C., Cerdeño, D. G., Chang, Y. -Y., Cooley, J., Cornell, B., Cushman, P., De Brienne, F., Doughty, T., Fascione, E., Figueroa-Feliciano, E., Fink, C. W., Fritts, M., Gerbier, G., Germond, R., Ghaith, M., Golwala, S. R., Harris, H. R., Herbert, N., Hong, Z., Hoppe, E. W., Hsu, L., Huber, M. E., Iyer, V., Jardin, D., Jastram, A., Jena, C., Kelsey, M. H., Kennedy, A., Kubik, A., Kurinsky, N. A., Lawrence, R. E., Loer, B., Asamar, E. Lopez, Lukens, P., MacDonell, D., Mahapatra, R., Mandic, V., Mast, N., Miller, E., Mirabolfathi, N., Mohanty, B., Mendoza, J. D. Morales, Nelson, J., Neog, H., Orrell, J. L., Oser, S. M., Page, W. A., Partridge, R., Pepin, M., Ponce, F., Poudel, S., Pyle, M., Qiu, H., Rau, W., Reisetter, A., Ren, R., Reynolds, T., Roberts, A., Robinson, A. E., Rogers, H. E., Saab, T., Sadoulet, B., Sander, J., Scarff, A., Schnee, R. W., Scorza, S., Senapati, K., Serfass, B., Speller, D., Stanford, C., Stein, M., Street, J., Tanaka, H. A., Toback, D., Underwood, R., Villano, A. N., von Krosigk, B., Watkins, S. L., Wilson, J. S., Wilson, M. J., Winchell, J., Wright, D. H., Yellin, S., Young, B. A., Zhang, X., and Zhao, X.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: The Cryogenic Dark Matter Search low ionization threshold experiment (CDMSlite) searches for interactions between dark matter particles and germanium nuclei in cryogenic detectors. The experiment has achieved a low energy threshold with improved sensitivity to low-mass (<10 GeV/c$^2$) dark matter particles. We present an analysis of the final CDMSlite data set, taken with a different detector than was used for the two previous CDMSlite data sets. This analysis includes a data "salting" method to protect against bias, improved noise discrimination, background modeling, and the use of profile likelihood methods to search for a dark matter signal in the presence of backgrounds. We achieve an energy threshold of 70 eV and significantly improve the sensitivity for dark matter particles with masses between 2.5 and 10 GeV/c$^2$ compared to previous analyses. We set an upper limit on the dark matter-nucleon scattering cross section in germanium of 5.4$\times$10$^{-42}$ cm$^2$ at 5 GeV/c$^2$, a factor of $\sim$2.5 improvement over the previous CDMSlite result.
Published: 2018
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18. Production Rate Measurement of Tritium and Other Cosmogenic Isotopes in Germanium with CDMSlite

Author: SuperCDMS Collaboration, Agnese, R., Aralis, T., Aramaki, T., Arnquist, I. J., Azadbakht, E., Baker, W., Barker, D., Bauer, D. A., Binder, T., Bowles, M. A., Brink, P. L., Bunker, R., Cabrera, B., Calkins, R., Cartaro, C., Cerdeño, D. G., Chang, Y. -Y., Cooley, J., Cornell, B., Cushman, P., Doughty, T., Fascione, E., Figueroa-Feliciano, E., Fink, C. W., Fritts, M., Gerbier, G., Germond, R., Ghaith, M., Golwal, S. R., Harris, H. R., Hong, Z., Hoppe, E. W., Hsu, L., Huber, M. E., Iyer, V., Jardin, D., Jastram, A., Jena, C., Kelsey, M. H., Kennedy, A., Kubik, A., Kurinsky, N. A., Lawrence, R. E., Loer, B., Asamar, E. Lopez, Lukens, P., MacDonell, D., Mahapatra, R., Mandic, V., Mast, N., Miller, E., Mirabolfathi, N., Mohanty, B., Mendoza, J. D. Morales, Nelson, J., Orrell, J. L., Oser, S. M., Page, W. A., Partridge, R., Pepin, M., Ponce, F., Poudel, S., Pyle, M., Qiu, H., Rau, W., Reisetter, A., Ren, R., Reynolds, T., Roberts, A., Robinson, A. E., Rogers, H. E., Saab, T., Sadoulet, B., Banik, S., Sander, J., Scarff, A., Schnee, R. W., Scorza, S., Senapati, K., Serfass, B., Speller, D., Stein, M., Street, J., Tanaka, H. A., Toback, D., Underwood, R., Villano, A. N., von Krosigk, B., Watkins, S. L., Wilson, J. S., Wilson, M. J., Winchell, J., Wright, D. H., Yellin, S., Young, B. A., Zhang, X., and Zhao, X.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: Future direct searches for low-mass dark matter particles with germanium detectors, such as SuperCDMS SNOLAB, are expected to be limited by backgrounds from radioactive isotopes activated by cosmogenic radiation inside the germanium. There are limited experimental data available to constrain production rates and a large spread of theoretical predictions. We examine the calculation of expected production rates, and analyze data from the second run of the CDMS low ionization threshold experiment (CDMSlite) to estimate the rates for several isotopes. We model the measured CDMSlite spectrum and fit for contributions from tritium and other isotopes. Using the knowledge of the detector history, these results are converted to cosmogenic production rates at sea level. The production rates in atoms/(kg$\cdot$day) are 74$\pm$9 for $^3$H, 1.5$\pm$0.7 for $^{55}$Fe, 17$\pm$5 for $^{65}$Zn, and 30$\pm$18 for $^{68}$Ge., Comment: 14 pages, 10 figures, 5 tables. v5 contains the extended data release (and documentation) of the CDMSlite Run 2 data as ancillary files
Published: 2018
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19. First Dark Matter Constraints from a SuperCDMS Single-Charge Sensitive Detector

Author: SuperCDMS Collaboration, Agnese, R., Aralis, T., Aramaki, T., Arnquist, I. J., Azadbakht, E., Baker, W., Banik, S., Barker, D., Bauer, D. A., Binder, T., Bowles, M. A., Brink, P. L., Bunker, R., Cabrera, B., Calkins, R., Cartaro, C., Cerdeno, D. G., Chang, Y. -Y., Cooley, J., Cornell, B., Cushman, P., Di Stefano, P. C. F., Doughty, T., Fascione, E., Figueroa-Feliciano, E., Fink, C., Fritts, M., Gerbier, G., Germond, R., Ghaith, M., Golwala, S. R., Harris, H. R., Hong, Z., Hoppe, E. W., Hsu, L., Huber, M. E., Iyer, V., Jardin, D., Jena, C., Kelsey, M. H., Kennedy, A., Kubik, A., Kurinsky, N. A., Lawrence, R. E., Leyva, J. V., Loer, B., Asamar, E. Lopez, Lukens, P., MacDonell, D., Mahapatra, R., Mandic, V., Mast, N., Miller, E. H., Mirabolfathi, N., Mohanty, B., Mendoza, J. D. Morales, Nelson, J., Orrell, J. L., Oser, S. M., Page, W. A., Partridge, R., Pepin, M., Phipps, A., Ponce, F., Poudel, S., Pyle, M., Qiu, H., Rau, W., Reisetter, A., Reynolds, T., Roberts, A., Robinson, A. E., Rogers, H. E., Romani, R. K., Saab, T., Sadoulet, B., Sander, J., Scarff, A., Schnee, R. W., Scorza, S., Senapati, K., Serfass, B., So, J., Speller, D., Stanford, C., Stein, M., Street, J., Tanaka, H. A., Toback, D., Underwood, R., Villano, A. N., von Krosigk, B., Watkins, S. L., Wilson, J. S., Wilson, M. J., Winchell, J., Wright, D. H., Yellin, S., Young, B. A., Zhang, X., and Zhao, X.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: We present the first limits on inelastic electron-scattering dark matter and dark photon absorption using a prototype SuperCDMS detector having a charge resolution of 0.1 electron-hole pairs (CDMS HVeV, a 0.93 gram CDMS HV device). These electron-recoil limits significantly improve experimental constraints on dark matter particles with masses as low as 1 MeV/$\mathrm{c^2}$. We demonstrate a sensitivity to dark photons competitive with other leading approaches but using substantially less exposure (0.49 gram days). These results demonstrate the scientific potential of phonon-mediated semiconductor detectors that are sensitive to single electronic excitations., Comment: 6 pages + title and references, 6 figures, includes erratum submitted to PRL and data release
Published: 2018
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20. Nuclear-recoil energy scale in CDMS II silicon dark-matter detectors

Author: Agnese, R., Anderson, A. J., Aramaki, T., Baker, W., Balakishiyeva, D., Banik, S., Barker, D., Thakur, R. Basu, Bauer, D. A., Binder, T., Borgland, A., Bowles, M. A., Brink, P. L., Bunker, R., Cabrera, B., Caldwell, D. O., Calkins, R., Cartaro, C., Cerdeno, D. G., Chagani, H., Chang, Y. -Y., Chen, Y., Cooley, J., Cornell, B., Cushman, P., Daal, M., Doughty, T., Dragowsky, E. M., Esteban, L., Fallows, S., Fascione, E., Figueroa-Feliciano, E., Fritts, M., Gerbier, G., Germond, R., Ghaith, M., Godfrey, G. L., Golwala, S. R., Hall, J., Harris, H. R., Holmgren, D., Hong, Z., Hsu, L., Huber, M. E., Iyer, V., Jardin, D., Jastram, A., Jena, C., Kelsey, M. H., Kennedy, A., Kubik, A., Kurinsky, N. A., Leder, A., Asamar, E. Lopez, Lukens, P., MacDonell, D., Mahapatra, R., Mandic, V., Mast, N., McCarthy, K. A., Miller, E. H., Mirabolfathi, N., Moffatt, R. A., Mohanty, B., Moore, D., Mendoza, J. D. Morales, Nelson, J., Oser, S. M., Page, K., Page, W. A., Partridge, R., Martinez, M. Penalver, Pepin, M., Phipps, A., Poudel, S., Pyle, M., Qiu, H., Rau, W., Redl, P., Reisetter, A., Roberts, A., Rogers, H. E., Robinson, A. E., Saab, T., Sadoulet, B., Sander, J., Schneck, K., Schnee, R. W., Scorza, S., Senapati, K., Serfass, B., Speller, D., Di Stefano, P. C. F., Stein, M., Street, J., Tanaka, H. A., Toback, D., Underwood, R., Villano, A. N., von Krosigk, B., Welliver, B., Wilson, J. S., Wilson, M. J., Wright, D. H., Yellin, S., Yen, J. J., Young, B. A., Zhang, X., and Zhao, X.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: The Cryogenic Dark Matter Search (CDMS II) experiment aims to detect dark matter particles that elastically scatter from nuclei in semiconductor detectors. The resulting nuclear-recoil energy depositions are detected by ionization and phonon sensors. Neutrons produce a similar spectrum of low-energy nuclear recoils in such detectors, while most other backgrounds produce electron recoils. The absolute energy scale for nuclear recoils is necessary to interpret results correctly. The energy scale can be determined in CDMS II silicon detectors using neutrons incident from a broad-spectrum $^{252}$Cf source, taking advantage of a prominent resonance in the neutron elastic scattering cross section of silicon at a recoil (neutron) energy near 20 (182) keV. Results indicate that the phonon collection efficiency for nuclear recoils is $4.8^{+0.7}_{-0.9}$% lower than for electron recoils of the same energy. Comparisons of the ionization signals for nuclear recoils to those measured previously by other groups at higher electric fields indicate that the ionization collection efficiency for CDMS II silicon detectors operated at $\sim$4 V/cm is consistent with 100% for nuclear recoils below 20 keV and gradually decreases for larger energies to $\sim$75% at 100 keV. The impact of these measurements on previously published CDMS II silicon results is small., Comment: 22 pages, 17 figures, 1 table, 1 appendix
Published: 2018
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21. Search for low-mass dark matter with CDMSlite using a profile likelihood fit

Author: Agnese, R, Aralis, T, Aramaki, T, Arnquist, IJ, Azadbakht, E, Baker, W, Banik, S, Barker, D, Bauer, DA, Binder, T, Bowles, MA, Brink, PL, Bunker, R, Cabrera, B, Calkins, R, Cameron, RA, Cartaro, C, Cerdeño, DG, Chang, Y-Y, Cooley, J, Cornell, B, Cushman, P, De Brienne, F, Doughty, T, Fascione, E, Figueroa-Feliciano, E, Fink, CW, Fritts, M, Gerbier, G, Germond, R, Ghaith, M, Golwala, SR, Harris, HR, Herbert, N, Hong, Z, Hoppe, EW, Hsu, L, Huber, ME, Iyer, V, Jardin, D, Jastram, A, Jena, C, Kelsey, MH, Kennedy, A, Kubik, A, Kurinsky, NA, Lawrence, RE, Loer, B, Asamar, E Lopez, Lukens, P, MacDonell, D, Mahapatra, R, Mandic, V, Mast, N, Miller, E, Mirabolfathi, N, Mohanty, B, Mendoza, JD Morales, Nelson, J, Neog, H, Orrell, JL, Oser, SM, Page, WA, Partridge, R, Pepin, M, Ponce, F, Poudel, S, Pyle, M, Qiu, H, Rau, W, Reisetter, A, Ren, R, Reynolds, T, Roberts, A, Robinson, AE, Rogers, HE, Saab, T, Sadoulet, B, Sander, J, Scarff, A, Schnee, RW, Scorza, S, Senapati, K, Serfass, B, Speller, D, Stanford, C, Stein, M, Street, J, Tanaka, HA, Toback, D, Underwood, R, Villano, AN, von Krosigk, B, Watkins, SL, Wilson, JS, Wilson, MJ, Winchell, J, Wright, DH, Yellin, S, and Young, BA
Subjects: astro-ph.CO, physics.ins-det, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Quantum Physics, Nuclear & Particles Physics
Abstract: The Cryogenic Dark Matter Search low ionization threshold experiment (CDMSlite) searches for interactions between dark matter particles and germanium nuclei in cryogenic detectors. The experiment has achieved a low energy threshold with improved sensitivity to low-mass (
Published: 2019

22. Results from the Super Cryogenic Dark Matter Search (SuperCDMS) experiment at Soudan

Author: SuperCDMS Collaboration, Agnese, R., Aramaki, T., Arnquist, I. J., Baker, W., Balakishiyeva, D., Banik, S., Barker, D., Thakur, R. Basu, Bauer, D. A., Binder, T., Bowles, M. A., Brink, P. L., Bunker, R., Cabrera, B., Caldwell, D. O., Calkins, R., Cartaro, C., Cerdeño, D. G., Chang, Y., Chen, Y., Cooley, J., Cornell, B., Cushman, P., Daal, M., Di Stefano, P. C. F., Doughty, T., Fascione, E., Figueroa-Feliciano, E., Fritts, M., Gerbier, G., Germond, R., Ghaith, M., Godfrey, G. L., Golwala, S. R., Hall, J., Harris, H. R., Hong, Z., Hoppe, E. W., Hsu, L., Huber, M. E., Iyer, V., Jardin, D., Jastram, A., Jena, C., Kelsey, M. H., Kennedy, A., Kubik, A., Kurinsky, N. A., Loer, B., Asamar, E. Lopez, Lukens, P., MacDonell, D., Mahapatra, R., Mandic, V., Mast, N., Miller, E. H., Mirabolfathi, N., Mohanty, B., Mendoza, J. D. Morales, Nelson, J., Orrell, J. L., Oser, S. M., Page, K., Page, W. A., Partridge, R., Martinez, M. Penalver, Pepin, M., Phipps, A., Poudel, S., Pyle, M., Qiu, H., Rau, W., Redl, P., Reisetter, A., Reynolds, T., Roberts, A., Robinson, A. E., Rogers, H. E., Saab, T., Sadoulet, B., Sander, J., Schneck, K., Schnee, R. W., Scorza, S., Senapati, K., Serfass, B., Speller, D., Stein, M., Street, J., Tanaka, H. A., Toback, D., Underwood, R., Villano, A. N., von Krosigk, B., Welliver, B., Wilson, J. S., Wilson, M. J., Wright, D. H., Yellin, S., Yen, J. J., Young, B. A., Zhang, X., and Zhao, X.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract: We report the result of a blinded search for Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) using the majority of the SuperCDMS Soudan dataset. With an exposure of 1690 kg days, a single candidate event is observed, consistent with expected backgrounds. This analysis (combined with previous Ge results) sets an upper limit on the spin-independent WIMP--nucleon cross section of $1.4 \times 10^{-44}$ ($1.0 \times 10^{-44}$) cm$^2$ at 46 GeV/$c^2$. These results set the strongest limits for WIMP--germanium-nucleus interactions for masses $>$12 GeV/$c^2$.
Published: 2017
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23. Low-Mass Dark Matter Search with CDMSlite

Author: SuperCDMS Collaboration, Agnese, R., Anderson, A. J., Aralis, T., Aramaki, T., Arnquist, I. J., Baker, W., Balakishiyeva, D., Barker, D., Thakur, R. Basu, Bauer, D. A., Binder, T., Bowles, M. A., Brink, P. L., Bunker, R., Cabrera, B., Caldwell, D. O., Calkins, R., Cartaro, C., Cerdeno, D. G., Chang, Y., Chagani, H., Chen, Y., Cooley, J., Cornell, B., Cushman, P., Daal, M., Di Stefano, P. C. F., Doughty, T., Esteban, L., Fascione, E., Figueroa-Feliciano, E., Fritts, M., Gerbier, G., Ghaith, M., Godfrey, G. L., Golwala, S. R., Hall, J., Harris, H. R., Hong, Z., Hoppe, E. W., Hsu, L., Huber, M. E., Iyer, V., Jardin, D., Jastram, A., Jena, C., Kelsey, M. H., Kennedy, A., Kubik, A., Kurinsky, N. A., Leder, A., Loer, B., Asamar, E. Lopez, Lukens, P., MacDonell, D., Mahapatra, R., Mandic, V., Mast, N., Miller, E. H., Mirabolfathi, N., Moffatt, R. A., Mohanty, B., Mendoza, J. D. Morales, Nelson, J., Orrell, J. L., Oser, S. M., Page, K., Page, W. A., Partridge, R., Pepin, M., Martinez, M. Penalver, Phipps, A., Poudel, S., Pyle, M., Qiu, H., Rau, W., Redl, P., Reisetter, A., Reynolds, T., Roberts, A., Robinson, A. E., Rogers, H. E., Saab, T., Sadoulet, B., Sander, J., Schneck, K., Schnee, R. W., Scorza, S., Senapati, K., Serfass, B., Speller, D., Stein, M., Street, J., Tanaka, H. A., Toback, D., Underwood, R., Villano, A. N., von Krosigk, B., Welliver, B., Wilson, J. S., Wilson, M. J, Wright, D. H., Yellin, S., Yen, J. J., Young, B. A., Zhang, X., and Zhao, X.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: The SuperCDMS experiment is designed to directly detect weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) that may constitute the dark matter in our Galaxy. During its operation at the Soudan Underground Laboratory, germanium detectors were run in the CDMSlite mode to gather data sets with sensitivity specifically for WIMPs with masses ${<}$10 GeV/$c^2$. In this mode, a higher detector-bias voltage is applied to amplify the phonon signals produced by drifting charges. This paper presents studies of the experimental noise and its effect on the achievable energy threshold, which is demonstrated to be as low as 56 eV$_{\text{ee}}$ (electron equivalent energy). The detector-biasing configuration is described in detail, with analysis corrections for voltage variations to the level of a few percent. Detailed studies of the electric-field geometry, and the resulting successful development of a fiducial parameter, eliminate poorly measured events, yielding an energy resolution ranging from ${\sim}$9 eV$_{\text{ee}}$ at 0 keV to 101 eV$_{\text{ee}}$ at ${\sim}$10 eV$_{\text{ee}}$. New results are derived for astrophysical uncertainties relevant to the WIMP-search limits, specifically examining how they are affected by variations in the most probable WIMP velocity and the Galactic escape velocity. These variations become more important for WIMP masses below 10 GeV/$c^2$. Finally, new limits on spin-dependent low-mass WIMP-nucleon interactions are derived, with new parameter space excluded for WIMP masses $\lesssim$3 GeV/$c^2$, Comment: 30 Pages, 33 Figures v3 to match published version in PRD. v2 contains public release (and documentation) of the CDMSlite Run 2 data as ancillary files
Published: 2017
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24. Input Comparison of Radiogenic Neutron Estimates for Ultra-low Background Experiments

Author: Cooley, J., Palladino, K. J., Qiu, H., Selvi, M., Scorza, S., and Zhang, C.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: Ultra-low-background experiments address some of the most important open questions in particle physics, cosmology and astrophysics: the nature of dark matter, whether the neutrino is its own antiparticle, and does the proton decay. These rare event searches require well-understood and minimized backgrounds. Simulations are used to understand backgrounds caused by naturally occurring radioactivity in the rock and in every piece of shielding and detector material used in these experiments. Most important are processes like spontaneous fission and ({\alpha},n) reactions in material close to the detectors that can produce neutrons. A comparison study between two dedicated software packages is detailed. The cross section libraries, neutron yields, and spectra from the Mei-Zhang-Hime and the SOURCES-4A codes are presented. The resultant yields and spectra are used as inputs to direct dark matter detector toy models in GEANT4, to study the impact of their differences on background estimates and fits. Although differences in neutron yield calculations up to 50% were seen, there was no systematic difference between the Mei-Hime-Zhang and SOURCES-4A results. Neutron propagation simulations smooth differences in spectral shape and yield, and both tools were found to meet the broad requirements of the low-background community.
Published: 2017
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25. First Dark Matter Constraints from a SuperCDMS Single-Charge Sensitive Detector

Author: Agnese, R, Aralis, T, Aramaki, T, Arnquist, IJ, Azadbakht, E, Baker, W, Banik, S, Barker, D, Bauer, DA, Binder, T, Bowles, MA, Brink, PL, Bunker, R, Cabrera, B, Calkins, R, Cartaro, C, Cerdeño, DG, Chang, Y-Y, Cooley, J, Cornell, B, Cushman, P, Di Stefano, PCF, Doughty, T, Fascione, E, Figueroa-Feliciano, E, Fink, C, Fritts, M, Gerbier, G, Germond, R, Ghaith, M, Golwala, SR, Harris, HR, Hong, Z, Hoppe, EW, Hsu, L, Huber, ME, Iyer, V, Jardin, D, Jena, C, Kelsey, MH, Kennedy, A, Kubik, A, Kurinsky, NA, Lawrence, RE, Leyva, JV, Loer, B, Asamar, E Lopez, Lukens, P, MacDonell, D, Mahapatra, R, Mandic, V, Mast, N, Miller, EH, Mirabolfathi, N, Mohanty, B, Mendoza, JD Morales, Nelson, J, Orrell, JL, Oser, SM, Page, WA, Partridge, R, Pepin, M, Phipps, A, Ponce, F, Poudel, S, Pyle, M, Qiu, H, Rau, W, Reisetter, A, Reynolds, T, Roberts, A, Robinson, AE, Rogers, HE, Romani, RK, Saab, T, Sadoulet, B, Sander, J, Scarff, A, Schnee, RW, Scorza, S, Senapati, K, Serfass, B, So, J, Speller, D, Stanford, C, Stein, M, Street, J, Tanaka, HA, Toback, D, Underwood, R, Villano, AN, von Krosigk, B, Watkins, SL, Wilson, JS, Wilson, MJ, Winchell, J, Wright, DH, Yellin, S, Young, BA, and Zhang, X
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, hep-ex, astro-ph.CO, physics.ins-det, Mathematical Sciences, Engineering, General Physics, Mathematical sciences, Physical sciences
Abstract: We present the first limits on inelastic electron-scattering dark matter and dark photon absorption using a prototype SuperCDMS detector having a charge resolution of 0.1 electron-hole pairs (CDMS HVeV, a 0.93 g CDMS high-voltage device). These electron-recoil limits significantly improve experimental constraints on dark matter particles with masses as low as 1 MeV/c^{2}. We demonstrate a sensitivity to dark photons competitive with other leading approaches but using substantially less exposure (0.49 g d). These results demonstrate the scientific potential of phonon-mediated semiconductor detectors that are sensitive to single electronic excitations.
Published: 2018

26. Results from the Super Cryogenic Dark Matter Search Experiment at Soudan

Author: Agnese, R, Aramaki, T, Arnquist, IJ, Baker, W, Balakishiyeva, D, Banik, S, Barker, D, Thakur, R Basu, Bauer, DA, Binder, T, Bowles, MA, Brink, PL, Bunker, R, Cabrera, B, Caldwell, DO, Calkins, R, Cartaro, C, Cerdeño, DG, Chang, Y, Chen, Y, Cooley, J, Cornell, B, Cushman, P, Daal, M, Di Stefano, PCF, Doughty, T, Fascione, E, Figueroa-Feliciano, E, Fritts, M, Gerbier, G, Germond, R, Ghaith, M, Godfrey, GL, Golwala, SR, Hall, J, Harris, HR, Hong, Z, Hoppe, EW, Hsu, L, Huber, ME, Iyer, V, Jardin, D, Jastram, A, Jena, C, Kelsey, MH, Kennedy, A, Kubik, A, Kurinsky, NA, Loer, B, Asamar, E Lopez, Lukens, P, MacDonell, D, Mahapatra, R, Mandic, V, Mast, N, Miller, EH, Mirabolfathi, N, Mohanty, B, Mendoza, JD Morales, Nelson, J, Orrell, JL, Oser, SM, Page, K, Page, WA, Partridge, R, Martinez, M Penalver, Pepin, M, Phipps, A, Poudel, S, Pyle, M, Qiu, H, Rau, W, Redl, P, Reisetter, A, Reynolds, T, Roberts, A, Robinson, AE, Rogers, HE, Saab, T, Sadoulet, B, Sander, J, Schneck, K, Schnee, RW, Scorza, S, Senapati, K, Serfass, B, Speller, D, Stein, M, Street, J, Tanaka, HA, Toback, D, Underwood, R, Villano, AN, von Krosigk, B, Welliver, B, Wilson, JS, Wilson, MJ, Wright, DH, Yellin, S, and Yen, JJ
Subjects: SuperCDMS Collaboration, hep-ex, hep-ph, Mathematical Sciences, Physical Sciences, Engineering, General Physics
Abstract: We report the result of a blinded search for weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) using the majority of the SuperCDMS Soudan data set. With an exposure of 1690 kg d, a single candidate event is observed, consistent with expected backgrounds. This analysis (combined with previous Ge results) sets an upper limit on the spin-independent WIMP-nucleon cross section of 1.4×10^{-44} (1.0×10^{-44}) cm^{2} at 46 GeV/c^{2}. These results set the strongest limits for WIMP-germanium-nucleus interactions for masses >12 GeV/c^{2}.
Published: 2018

27. Low-mass dark matter search with CDMSlite

Author: Agnese, R, Anderson, AJ, Aralis, T, Aramaki, T, Arnquist, IJ, Baker, W, Balakishiyeva, D, Barker, D, Basu Thakur, R, Bauer, DA, Binder, T, Bowles, MA, Brink, PL, Bunker, R, Cabrera, B, Caldwell, DO, Calkins, R, Cartaro, C, Cerdeño, DG, Chang, Y, Chagani, H, Chen, Y, Cooley, J, Cornell, B, Cushman, P, Daal, M, Di Stefano, PCF, Doughty, T, Esteban, L, Fascione, E, Figueroa-Feliciano, E, Fritts, M, Gerbier, G, Ghaith, M, Godfrey, GL, Golwala, SR, Hall, J, Harris, HR, Hong, Z, Hoppe, EW, Hsu, L, Huber, ME, Iyer, V, Jardin, D, Jastram, A, Jena, C, Kelsey, MH, Kennedy, A, Kubik, A, Kurinsky, NA, Leder, A, Loer, B, Lopez Asamar, E, Lukens, P, Macdonell, D, Mahapatra, R, Mandic, V, Mast, N, Miller, EH, Mirabolfathi, N, Moffatt, RA, Mohanty, B, Morales Mendoza, JD, Nelson, J, Orrell, JL, Oser, SM, Page, K, Page, WA, Partridge, R, Pepin, M, Peñalver Martinez, M, Phipps, A, Poudel, S, Pyle, M, Qiu, H, Rau, W, Redl, P, Reisetter, A, Reynolds, T, Roberts, A, Robinson, AE, Rogers, HE, Saab, T, Sadoulet, B, Sander, J, Schneck, K, Schnee, RW, Scorza, S, Senapati, K, Serfass, B, Speller, D, Stein, M, Street, J, Tanaka, HA, Toback, D, Underwood, R, Villano, AN, Von Krosigk, B, Welliver, B, and Wilson, JS
Subjects: astro-ph.CO, astro-ph.IM, hep-ex, physics.ins-det
Abstract: The SuperCDMS experiment is designed to directly detect weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) that may constitute the dark matter in our Galaxy. During its operation at the Soudan Underground Laboratory, germanium detectors were run in the CDMSlite mode to gather data sets with sensitivity specifically for WIMPs with masses
Published: 2018

28. The radiopurity.org material database

Author: Cooley, J, Loach, JC, and Poon, AWP
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences
Abstract: The database at http://www.radiopurity.org is the world's largest public database of material radio-purity mea-surements. These measurements are used by members of the low-background physics community to build experiments that search for neutrinos, neutrinoless double-beta decay, WIMP dark matter, and other exciting physics. This paper summarizes the current status and the future plan of this database.
Published: 2018

29. Synergistic Effects of Nintedanib With BCL-2 Inhibition to Drive Pro-fibrotic Fibroblast Apoptosis

Author: Cooley, J., primary, Wilson, J., additional, Javkhlan, N., additional, Schwartz, D.A., additional, Riches, D.W.H., additional, and Redente, E.F., additional
Published: 2024
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30. Projected Sensitivity of the SuperCDMS SNOLAB experiment

Author: Agnese, R., Anderson, A. J., Aramaki, T., Arnquist, I., Baker, W., Barker, D., Thakur, R. Basu, Bauer, D. A., Borgland, A., Bowles, M. A., Brink, P. L., Bunker, R., Cabrera, B., Caldwell, D. O., Calkins, R., Cartaro, C., Cerdeño, D. G., Chagani, H., Chen, Y., Cooley, J., Cornell, B., Cushman, P., Daal, M., Di Stefano, P. C. F., Doughty, T., Esteban, L., Fallows, S., Figueroa-Feliciano, E., Fritts, M., Gerbier, G., Ghaith, M., Godfrey, G. L., Golwala, S. R., Hall, J., Harris, H. R., Hofer, T., Holmgren, D., Hong, Z., Hoppe, E., Hsu, L., Huber, M. E., Iyer, V., Jardin, D., Jastram, A., Kelsey, M. H., Kennedy, A., Kubik, A., Kurinsky, N. A., Leder, A., Loer, B., Asamar, E. Lopez, Lukens, P., Mahapatra, R., Mandic, V., Mast, N., Mirabolfathi, N., Moffatt, R. A., Mendoza, J. D. Morales, Orrell, J. L., Oser, S. M., Page, K., Page, W. A., Partridge, R., Pepin, M., Phipps, A., Poudel, S., Pyle, M., Qiu, H., Rau, W., Redl, P., Reisetter, A., Roberts, A., Robinson, A. E., Rogers, H. E., Saab, T., Sadoulet, B., Sander, J., Schneck, K., Schnee, R. W., Serfass, B., Speller, D., Stein, M., Street, J., Tanaka, H. A., Toback, D., Underwood, R., Villano, A. N., von Krosigk, B., Welliver, B., Wilson, J. S., Wright, D. H., Yellin, S., Yen, J. J., Young, B. A., Zhang, X., and Zhao, X.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: SuperCDMS SNOLAB will be a next-generation experiment aimed at directly detecting low-mass (< 10 GeV/c$^2$) particles that may constitute dark matter by using cryogenic detectors of two types (HV and iZIP) and two target materials (germanium and silicon). The experiment is being designed with an initial sensitivity to nuclear recoil cross sections ~ 1 x 10$^{-43}$ cm$^2$ for a dark matter particle mass of 1 GeV/c$^2$, and with capacity to continue exploration to both smaller masses and better sensitivities. The phonon sensitivity of the HV detectors will be sufficient to detect nuclear recoils from sub-GeV dark matter. A detailed calibration of the detector response to low energy recoils will be needed to optimize running conditions of the HV detectors and to interpret their data for dark matter searches. Low-activity shielding, and the depth of SNOLAB, will reduce most backgrounds, but cosmogenically produced $^{3}$H and naturally occurring $^{32}$Si will be present in the detectors at some level. Even if these backgrounds are x10 higher than expected, the science reach of the HV detectors would be over three orders of magnitude beyond current results for a dark matter mass of 1 GeV/c$^2$. The iZIP detectors are relatively insensitive to variations in detector response and backgrounds, and will provide better sensitivity for dark matter particle masses (> 5 GeV/c$^2$). The mix of detector types (HV and iZIP), and targets (germanium and silicon), planned for the experiment, as well as flexibility in how the detectors are operated, will allow us to maximize the low-mass reach, and understand the backgrounds that the experiment will encounter. Upgrades to the experiment, perhaps with a variety of ultra-low-background cryogenic detectors, will extend dark matter sensitivity down to the "neutrino floor", where coherent scatters of solar neutrinos become a limiting background., Comment: SuperCDMS SNOLAB Projected sensitivity reach
Published: 2016
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31. A Database for Storing the Results of Material Radiopurity Measurements

Author: Loach, J. C., Cooley, J., Cox, G. A., Li, Z., Nguyen, K. D., and Poon, A. W. P.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: Searches for rare nuclear processes, such as neutrinoless double beta-decay and the interactions of WIMP dark matter, are motivating experiments with ever-decreasing levels of radioactive backgrounds. These background reductions are achieved using various techniques, but amongst the most important is minimizing radioactive contamination in the materials from which the experiment is constructed. To this end there have been decades of advances in material sourcing, manufacture and certification, during which researchers have accumulated many thousands of measurements of material radiopurity. Some of these assays are described in publications, others are in databases, but many are still communicated informally. Until this work, there has been no standard format for encoding assay results and no effective, central location for storing them. The aim of this work is to address these long-standing problems by creating a concise and flexible material assay data format and powerful software application to manipulate it. A public installation of this software, available at http://www.radiopurity.org, is the largest database of assay results ever compiled and is intended as a long-term repository for the community's data.
Published: 2016
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32. 29Si nuclear magnetic resonance study of URu2Si2 under pressure

Author: Shirer, K. R., Dioguardi, A. P., Bush, B. T., Crocker, J., Lin, C. H., Klavins, P., Cooley, J. C., Maple, M. B., Chang, K. B., Poeppelmeier, K. R., and Curro, N. J.
Subjects: Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons
Abstract: We report 29Si nuclear magnetic resonance measurements of single crystals and aligned powders of URu2Si2 under pressure in the hidden order and paramagnetic phases. We find that the Knight shift decreases with applied pressure, consistent with previous measurements of the static magnetic susceptibility. Previous measurements of the spin lattice relaxation time revealed a partial suppression of the density of states below 30 K. This suppression persists under pressure, and the onset temperature is mildly enhanced.
Published: 2016
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33. Projected sensitivity of the SuperCDMS SNOLAB experiment

Author: Agnese, R, Anderson, AJ, Aramaki, T, Arnquist, I, Baker, W, Barker, D, Thakur, R Basu, Bauer, DA, Borgland, A, Bowles, MA, Brink, PL, Bunker, R, Cabrera, B, Caldwell, DO, Calkins, R, Cartaro, C, Cerdeño, DG, Chagani, H, Chen, Y, Cooley, J, Cornell, B, Cushman, P, Daal, M, Di Stefano, PCF, Doughty, T, Esteban, L, Fallows, S, Figueroa-Feliciano, E, Fritts, M, Gerbier, G, Ghaith, M, Godfrey, GL, Golwala, SR, Hall, J, Harris, HR, Hofer, T, Holmgren, D, Hong, Z, Hoppe, E, Hsu, L, Huber, ME, Iyer, V, Jardin, D, Jastram, A, Kelsey, MH, Kennedy, A, Kubik, A, Kurinsky, NA, Leder, A, Loer, B, Asamar, E Lopez, Lukens, P, Mahapatra, R, Mandic, V, Mast, N, Mirabolfathi, N, Moffatt, RA, Mendoza, JD Morales, Orrell, JL, Oser, SM, Page, K, Page, WA, Partridge, R, Pepin, M, Phipps, A, Poudel, S, Pyle, M, Qiu, H, Rau, W, Redl, P, Reisetter, A, Roberts, A, Robinson, AE, Rogers, HE, Saab, T, Sadoulet, B, Sander, J, Schneck, K, Schnee, RW, Serfass, B, Speller, D, Stein, M, Street, J, Tanaka, HA, Toback, D, Underwood, R, Villano, AN, von Krosigk, B, Welliver, B, Wilson, JS, Wright, DH, Yellin, S, Yen, JJ, Young, BA, Zhang, X, and Zhao, X
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, physics.ins-det, astro-ph.CO, hep-ex, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Quantum Physics, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Mathematical physics, Astronomical sciences, Particle and high energy physics
Abstract: SuperCDMS SNOLAB will be a next-generation experiment aimed at directly detecting low-mass particles (with masses ≤10 GeV/c2) that may constitute dark matter by using cryogenic detectors of two types (HV and iZIP) and two target materials (germanium and silicon). The experiment is being designed with an initial sensitivity to nuclear recoil cross sections ∼1×10-43 cm2 for a dark matter particle mass of 1 GeV/c2, and with capacity to continue exploration to both smaller masses and better sensitivities. The phonon sensitivity of the HV detectors will be sufficient to detect nuclear recoils from sub-GeV dark matter. A detailed calibration of the detector response to low-energy recoils will be needed to optimize running conditions of the HV detectors and to interpret their data for dark matter searches. Low-activity shielding, and the depth of SNOLAB, will reduce most backgrounds, but cosmogenically produced H3 and naturally occurring Si32 will be present in the detectors at some level. Even if these backgrounds are 10 times higher than expected, the science reach of the HV detectors would be over 3 orders of magnitude beyond current results for a dark matter mass of 1 GeV/c2. The iZIP detectors are relatively insensitive to variations in detector response and backgrounds, and will provide better sensitivity for dark matter particles with masses 5 GeV/c2. The mix of detector types (HV and iZIP), and targets (germanium and silicon), planned for the experiment, as well as flexibility in how the detectors are operated, will allow us to maximize the low-mass reach, and understand the backgrounds that the experiment will encounter. Upgrades to the experiment, perhaps with a variety of ultra-low-background cryogenic detectors, will extend dark matter sensitivity down to the "neutrino floor," where coherent scatters of solar neutrinos become a limiting background.
Published: 2017

34. A database for storing the results of material radiopurity measurements

Author: Loach, JC, Cooley, J, Cox, GA, Li, Z, Nguyen, KD, and Poon, AWP
Subjects: Database, Radiation, Neutrinoless double-beta decay, WIMP dark matter, Radiopurity, Materials, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Other Physical Sciences, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics
Abstract: Searches for rare nuclear processes, such as neutrinoless double beta-decay and the interactions of WIMP dark matter, are motivating experiments with ever-decreasing levels of radioactive backgrounds. These background reductions are achieved using various techniques, but amongst the most important is minimizing radioactive contamination in the materials from which the experiment is constructed. To this end there have been decades of advances in material sourcing, manufacture and certification, during which researchers have accumulated many thousands of measurements of material radiopurity. Some of these assays are described in publications, others are in databases, but many are still communicated informally. Until this work, there has been no standard format for encoding assay results and no effective, central location for storing them. The aim of this work is to address these long-standing problems by creating a concise and flexible material assay data format and powerful software application to manipulate it. A public installation of this software, available at http://www.radiopurity.org, is the largest database of assay results ever compiled and is intended as a long-term repository for the community's data.
Published: 2016

35. WIMP-Search Results from the Second CDMSlite Run

Author: SuperCDMS Collaboration, Agnese, R., Anderson, A. J., Aramaki, T., Asai, M., Baker, W., Balakishiyeva, D., Barker, D., Thakur, R. Basu, Bauer, D. A., Billard, J., Borgland, A., Bowles, M. A., Brink, P. L., Bunker, R., Cabrera, B., Caldwell, D. O., Calkins, R., Cerdeno, D. G., Chagani, H., Chen, Y., Cooley, J., Cornell, B., Cushman, P., Daal, M., Di Stefano, P. C. F., Doughty, T., Esteban, L., Fallows, S., Figueroa-Feliciano, E., Ghaith, M., Godfrey, G. L., Golwala, S. R., Hall, J., Harris, H. R., Hofer, T., Holmgren, D., Hsu, L., Huber, M. E., Jardin, D., Jastram, A., Kamaev, O., Kara, B., Kelsey, M. H., Kennedy, A., Leder, A., Loer, B., Asamar, E. Lopez, Lukens, P., Mahapatra, R., Mandic, V., Mast, N., Mirabolfathi, N., Moffatt, R. A., Mendoza, J. D. Morales, Oser, S. M., Page, K., Page, W. A., Partridge, R., Pepin, M., Phipps, A., Prasad, K., Pyle, M., Qiu, H., Rau, W., Redl, P., Reisetter, A., Ricci, Y., Roberts, A., Rogers, H. E., Saab, T., Sadoulet, B., Sander, J., Schneck, K., Schnee, R. W., Scorza, S., Serfass, B., Shank, B., Speller, D., Toback, D., Underwood, R., Upadhyayula, S., Villano, A. N., Welliver, B., Wilson, J. S., Wright, D. H., Yellin, S., Yen, J. J., Young, B. A., and Zhang, J.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: The CDMS low ionization threshold experiment (CDMSlite) uses cryogenic germanium detectors operated at a relatively high bias voltage to amplify the phonon signal in the search for weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs). Results are presented from the second CDMSlite run with an exposure of 70 kg days, which reached an energy threshold for electron recoils as low as 56 eV. A fiducialization cut reduces backgrounds below those previously reported by CDMSlite. New parameter space for the WIMP-nucleon spin-independent cross section is excluded for WIMP masses between 1.6 and 5.5 GeV/$c^2$., Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures. v2 Matches the accepted version in PRL
Published: 2015
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36. Studies on the Reduction of Radon Plate-Out

Author: Bruemmer, M., Nakib, M., Calkins, R., Cooley, J., and Sekula, S.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: The decay of common radioactive gases, such as radon, produces stable isotopes by a sequence of daughter particles with varied half-lives. These daughter particles are a significant source of gamma, neutron, and alpha particle backgrounds that can mimic desired signals in dark matter and neutrinoless double beta decay experiments. In the LUMINA Laboratory at Southern Methodist University (SMU), studies of radon plate-out onto copper samples are conducted using one of XIA's first five UltraLo 1800 alpha counters. We present results from investigations into various mitigation approaches. A custom-built copper holder (in either plastic or metal) has been designed and produced to maximize the copper's exposure to 220Rn. The 220Rn source is a collection of camping lantern mantles. We present the current status of control and experimental methods for addressing radon exposure levels., Comment: 4 pages, 1 figure, Conference Proceedings for Low Radioactivity Techniques 2015
Published: 2015
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37. Improved WIMP-search reach of the CDMS II germanium data

Author: Agnese, R., Anderson, A. J., Asai, M., Balakishiyeva, D., Barker, D., Thakur, R. Basu, Bauer, D. A., Billard, J., Borgland, A., Bowles, M. A., Brandt, D., Brink, P. L., Bunker, R., Cabrera, B., Caldwell, D. O., Calkins, R., Cerdeño, D. G., Chagani, H., Chen, Y., Cooley, J., Cornell, B., Crewdson, C. H., Cushman, P., Daal, M., Di Stefano, P. C. F., Doughty, T., Esteban, L., Fallows, S., Figueroa-Feliciano, E., Godfrey, G. L., Golwala, S. R., Hall, J., Harris, H. R., Hertel, S. A., Hofer, T., Holmgren, D., Hsu, L., Huber, M. E., Jardin, D., Jastram, A., Kamaev, O., Kara, B., Kelsey, M. H., Kennedy, A., Kiveni, M., Koch, K., Leder, A., Loer, B., Asamar, E. Lopez, Lukens, P., Mahapatra, R., Mandic, V., McCarthy, K. A., Mirabolfathi, N., Moffatt, R. A., Oser, S. M., Page, K., Page, W. A., Partridge, R., Pepin, M., Phipps, A., Prasad, K., Pyle, M., Qiu, H., Rau, W., Redl, P., Reisetter, A., Ricci, Y., Rogers, H. E., Saab, T., Sadoulet, B., Sander, J., Schneck, K., Schnee, R. W., Scorza, S., Serfass, B., Shank, B., Speller, D., Toback, D., Upadhyayula, S., Villano, A. N., Welliver, B., Wilson, J. S., Wright, D. H., Yang, X., Yellin, S., Yen, J. J., Young, B. A., and Zhang, J.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: CDMS II data from the 5-tower runs at the Soudan Underground Laboratory were reprocessed with an improved charge-pulse fitting algorithm. Two new analysis techniques to reject surface-event backgrounds were applied to the 612 kg days germanium-detector WIMP-search exposure. An extended analysis was also completed by decreasing the 10 keV analysis threshold to $\sim$5 keV, to increase sensitivity near a WIMP mass of 8 GeV/$c^2$. After unblinding, there were zero candidate events above a deposited energy of 10 keV and 6 events in the lower-threshold analysis. This yielded minimum WIMP-nucleon spin-independent scattering cross-section limits of $1.8 \times 10^{-44}$ and $1.18 \times 10 ^{-41}$ cm$^2$ at 90\% confidence for 60 and 8.6 GeV/$c^2$ WIMPs, respectively. This improves the previous CDMS II result by a factor of 2.4 (2.7) for 60 (8.6) GeV/$c^2$ WIMPs., Comment: 25 pages, 15 figures, slightly updated organization and text consistent with PRD referee process, Fig. 14 updated
Published: 2015
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38. Dark matter effective field theory scattering in direct detection experiments

Author: Schneck, K., Cabrera, B., Cerdeno, D. G., Mandic, V., Rogers, H. E., Agnese, R., Anderson, A. J., Asai, M., Balakishiyeva, D., Barker, D., Thakur, R. Basu, Bauer, D. A., Billard, J., Borgland, A., Brandt, D., Brink, P. L., Bunker, R., Caldwell, D. O., Calkins, R., Chagani, H., Chen, Y., Cooley, J., Cornell, B., Crewdson, C. H., Cushman, P., Daal, M., Di Stefano, P. C. F., Doughty, T., Esteban, L., Fallows, S., Figueroa-Feliciano, E., Godfrey, G. L., Golwala, S. R., Hall, J., Harris, H. R., Hofer, T., Holmgren, D., Hsu, L., Huber, M. E., Jardin, D. M., Jastram, A., Kamaev, O., Kara, B., Kelsey, M. H., Kennedy, A., Leder, A., Loer, B., Asamar, E. Lopez, Lukens, P., Mahapatra, R., McCarthy, K. A., Mirabolfathi, N., Moffatt, R. A., Mendoza, J. D. Morales, Oser, S. M., Page, K., Page, W. A., Partridge, R., Pepin, M., Phipps, A., Prasad, K., Pyle, M., Qiu, H., Rau, W., Redl, P., Reisetter, A., Ricci, Y., Roberts, A., Saab, T., Sadoulet, B., Sander, J., Schnee, R. W., Scorza, S., Serfass, B., Shank, B., Speller, D., Toback, D., Upadhyayula, S., Villano, A. N., Welliver, B., Wilson, J. S., Wright, D. H., Yang, X., Yellin, S., Yen, J. J., Young, B. A., and Zhang, J.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract: We examine the consequences of the effective field theory (EFT) of dark matter-nucleon scattering for current and proposed direct detection experiments. Exclusion limits on EFT coupling constants computed using the optimum interval method are presented for SuperCDMS Soudan, CDMS II, and LUX, and the necessity of combining results from multiple experiments in order to determine dark matter parameters is discussed. We demonstrate that spectral differences between the standard dark matter model and a general EFT interaction can produce a bias when calculating exclusion limits and when developing signal models for likelihood and machine learning techniques. We also discuss the implications of the EFT for the next-generation (G2) direct detection experiments and point out regions of complementarity in the EFT parameter space., Comment: Newest version includes erratum
Published: 2015
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39. Evaluation and mitigation of trace 210Pb contamination on copper surfaces

Author: Bunker, R., Aramaki, T., Arnquist, I.J., Calkins, R., Cooley, J., Hoppe, E.W., Orrell, J.L., and Thommasson, K.S.
Published: 2020
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40. New Results from the Search for Low-Mass Weakly Interacting Massive Particles with the CDMS Low Ionization Threshold Experiment

Author: Agnese, R, Anderson, AJ, Aramaki, T, Asai, M, Baker, W, Balakishiyeva, D, Barker, D, Thakur, R Basu, Bauer, DA, Billard, J, Borgland, A, Bowles, MA, Brink, PL, Bunker, R, Cabrera, B, Caldwell, DO, Calkins, R, Cerdeno, DG, Chagani, H, Chen, Y, Cooley, J, Cornell, B, Cushman, P, Daal, M, Di Stefano, PCF, Doughty, T, Esteban, L, Fallows, S, Figueroa-Feliciano, E, Ghaith, M, Godfrey, GL, Golwala, SR, Hall, J, Harris, HR, Hofer, T, Holmgren, D, Hsu, L, Huber, ME, Jardin, D, Jastram, A, Kamaev, O, Kara, B, Kelsey, MH, Kennedy, A, Leder, A, Loer, B, Asamar, E Lopez, Lukens, P, Mahapatra, R, Mandic, V, Mast, N, Mirabolfathi, N, Moffatt, RA, Mendoza, JD Morales, Oser, SM, Page, K, Page, WA, Partridge, R, Pepin, M, Phipps, A, Prasad, K, Pyle, M, Qiu, H, Rau, W, Redl, P, Reisetter, A, Ricci, Y, Roberts, A, Rogers, HE, Saab, T, Sadoulet, B, Sander, J, Schneck, K, Schnee, RW, Scorza, S, Serfass, B, Shank, B, Speller, D, Toback, D, Underwood, R, Upadhyayula, S, Villano, AN, Welliver, B, Wilson, JS, Wright, DH, Yellin, S, Yen, JJ, Young, BA, and Zhang, J
Subjects: SuperCDMS Collaboration, astro-ph.CO, astro-ph.IM, hep-ex, physics.ins-det, Mathematical Sciences, Physical Sciences, Engineering, General Physics
Abstract: The CDMS low ionization threshold experiment (CDMSlite) uses cryogenic germanium detectors operated at a relatively high bias voltage to amplify the phonon signal in the search for weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs). Results are presented from the second CDMSlite run with an exposure of 70 kg day, which reached an energy threshold for electron recoils as low as 56 eV. A fiducialization cut reduces backgrounds below those previously reported by CDMSlite. New parameter space for the WIMP-nucleon spin-independent cross section is excluded for WIMP masses between 1.6 and 5.5 GeV/c^{2}.
Published: 2016

41. Overview of Non-Liquid Noble Direct Detection Dark Matter Experiments

Author: Cooley, J.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: In the last few years many advances have been made in the field of dark matter direct detection. In this article I will review the progress and status of experiments that employ detection techniques that do not use noble liquids. First, I will give an introduction to the field of dark matter and discuss the background challenges that confront all dark matter experiments. I will also discuss various detection techniques employed by the current generation and the next generation of dark matter experiments. Finally, I will discuss recent results and the status of current and future direct detection experiments., Comment: 19 pages, 1 figure. In Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Topics in Astroparticle and Underground Physics, TAUP 2013
Published: 2014
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42. Maximum Likelihood Analysis of Low Energy CDMS II Germanium Data

Author: SuperCDMS Collaboration, Agnese, R., Anderson, A. J., Balakishiyeva, D., Thakur, R. Basu, Bauer, D. A., Billard, J., Borgland, A., Bowles, M. A., Brandt, D., Brink, P. L., Bunker, R., Cabrera, B., Caldwell, D. O., Cerdeno, D. G., Chagani, H., Chen, Y., Cooley, J., Cornell, B., Crewdson, C. H., Cushman, P., Daal, M., Di Stefano, P. C. F., Doughty, T., Esteban, L., Fallows, S., Figueroa-Feliciano, E., Fritts, M., Godfrey, G. L., Golwala, S. R., Graham, M., Hall, J., Harris, H. R., Hertel, S. A., Hofer, T., Holmgren, D., Hsu, L., Huber, M. E., Jastram, A., Kamaev, O., Kara, B., Kelsey, M. H., Kennedy, A., Kiveni, M., Koch, K., Leder, A., Loer, B., Asamar, E. Lopez, Mahapatra, R., Mandic, V., Martinez, C., McCarthy, K. A., Mirabolfathi, N., Moffatt, R. A., Moore, D. C., Nelson, R. H., Oser, S. M., Page, K., Page, W. A., Partridge, R., Pepin, M., Phipps, A., Prasad, K., Pyle, M., Qiu, H., Rau, W., Redl, P., Reisetter, A., Ricci, Y., Rogers, H. E., Saab, T., Sadoulet, B., Sander, J., Schneck, K., Schnee, R. W., Scorza, S., Serfass, B., Shank, B., Speller, D., Upadhyayula, S., Villano, A. N., Welliver, B., Wright, D. H., Yellin, S., Yen, J. J., Young, B. A., and Zhang, J.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: We report on the results of a search for a Weakly Interacting Massive Particle (WIMP) signal in low-energy data of the Cryogenic Dark Matter Search (CDMS~II) experiment using a maximum likelihood analysis. A background model is constructed using GEANT4 to simulate the surface-event background from $^{210}$Pb decay-chain events, while using independent calibration data to model the gamma background. Fitting this background model to the data results in no statistically significant WIMP component. In addition, we perform fits using an analytic ad hoc background model proposed by Collar and Fields, who claimed to find a large excess of signal-like events in our data. We confirm the strong preference for a signal hypothesis in their analysis under these assumptions, but excesses are observed in both single- and multiple-scatter events, which implies the signal is not caused by WIMPs, but rather reflects the inadequacy of their background model., Comment: 12 pages, 12 figures, submitted to PRD
Published: 2014
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43. First direct limits on Lightly Ionizing Particles with electric charge less than $e/6$

Author: Agnese, R., Anderson, A. J., Balakishiyeva, D., Thakur, R. Basu, Bauer, D. A., Billard, J., Borgland, A., Bowles, M. A., Brandt, D., Brink, P. L., Bunker, R., Cabrera, B., Caldwell, D. O., Cerdeno, D. G., Chagani, H., Chen, Y., Cooley, J., Cornell, B., Crewdson, C. H., Cushman, P., Daal, M., Di Stefano, P. C. F., Doughty, T., Esteban, L., Fallows, S., Figueroa-Feliciano, E., Godfrey, G. L., Golwala, S. R., Hall, J., Harris, H. R., Hertel, S. A., Hofer, T., Holmgren, D., Hsu, L., Huber, M. E., Jastram, A., Kamaev, O., Kara, B., Kelsey, M. H., Kennedy, A., Kiveni, M., Koch, K., Leder, A., Loer, B., Asamar, E. Lopez, Mahapatra, R., Mandic, V., Martinez, C., McCarthy, K. A., Mirabolfathi, N., Moffatt, R. A., Moore, D. C., Nelson, H., Nelson, R. H., Ogburn, R. W., Page, K., Page, W. A., Partridge, R., Pepin, M., Phipps, A., Prasad, K., Pyle, M., Qiu, H., Rau, W., Redl, P., Reisetter, A., Ricci, Y., Rogers, H. E., Saab, T., Sadoulet, B., Sander, J., Schneck, K., Schnee, R. W., Scorza, S., Serfass, B., Shank, B., Speller, D., Upadhyayula, S., Villano, A. N., Welliver, B., Wright, D. H., Yellin, S., Yen, J. J., Young, B. A., and Zhang, J.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: While the Standard Model of particle physics does not include free particles with fractional charge, experimental searches have not ruled out their existence. We report results from the Cryogenic Dark Matter Search (CDMS II) experiment that give the first direct-detection limits for cosmogenically-produced relativistic particles with electric charge lower than $e$/6. A search for tracks in the six stacked detectors of each of two of the CDMS II towers found no candidates, thereby excluding new parameter space for particles with electric charges between $e$/6 and $e$/200., Comment: 5 pages, 6 figures, submitted to PRL
Published: 2014
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44. Search for Low-Mass WIMPs with SuperCDMS

Author: Agnese, R., Anderson, A. J., Asai, M., Balakishiyeva, D., Thakur, R. Basu, Bauer, D. A., Beaty, J., Billard, J., Borgland, A., Bowles, M. A., Brandt, D., Brink, P. L., Bunker, R., Cabrera, B., Caldwell, D. O., Cerdeno, D. G., Chagani, H., Chen, Y., Cherry, M., Cooley, J., Cornell, B., Crewdson, C. H., Cushman, P., Daal, M., DeVaney, D., Di Stefano, P. C. F., Silva, E. Do Couto E, Doughty, T., Esteban, L., Fallows, S., Figueroa-Feliciano, E., Godfrey, G. L., Golwala, S. R., Hall, J., Hansen, S., Harris, H. R., Hertel, S. A., Hines, B. A., Hofer, T., Holmgren, D., Hsu, L., Huber, M. E., Jastram, A., Kamaev, O., Kara, B., Kelsey, M. H., Kenany, S., Kennedy, A., Kiveni, M., Koch, K., Leder, A., Loer, B., Asamar, E. Lopez, Mahapatra, R., Mandic, V., Martinez, C., McCarthy, K. A., Mirabolfathi, N., Moffatt, R. A., Nelson, R. H., Novak, L., Page, K., Partridge, R., Pepin, M., Phipps, A., Platt, M., Prasad, K., Pyle, M., Qiu, H., Rau, W., Redl, P., Reisetter, A., Resch, R. W., Ricci, Y., Ruschman, M., Saab, T., Sadoulet, B., Sander, J., Schmitt, R. L., Schneck, K., Schnee, R. W., Scorza, S., Seitz, D. N., Serfass, B., Shank, B., Speller, D., Tomada, A., Upadhyayula, S., Villano, A. N., Welliver, B., Wright, D. H., Yellin, S., Yen, J. J., Young, B. A., and Zhang, J.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: We report a first search for weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) using the background rejection capabilities of SuperCDMS. An exposure of 577 kg-days was analyzed for WIMPs with mass < 30 GeV/c2, with the signal region blinded. Eleven events were observed after unblinding. We set an upper limit on the spin-independent WIMP-nucleon cross section of 1.2e-42 cm2 at 8 GeV/c2. This result is in tension with WIMP interpretations of recent experiments and probes new parameter space for WIMP-nucleon scattering for WIMP masses < 6 GeV/c2., Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures; figure 1 updated, submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett
Published: 2014
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45. Sources of Variability in Alpha Emissivity Measurements at LA and ULA Levels, a Multicenter Study

Author: McNally, B. D., Coleman, S., Warburton, W. K., Autran, J., Clark, B. M., Cooley, J., Gordon, M. S., and Zhu, Z.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: Alpha emissivity measurements are important in the semiconductor industry for assessing the suitability of materials for use in production processes. A recently published round-robin study that circulated the same samples to several alpha counting centers showed wide center-to-center variations in measured alpha emissivity. A separate analysis of these results hypothesized that much of the variation might arise from differences in sample-to-entrance window separations. XIA recently introduced an ultra low background counter, the UltraLo-1800 (UltraLo), that operates in a fundamentally different manner from the proportional counters used at most of the centers in the original study. In particular, by placing the sample within the counting volume, it eliminates the sample-to-entrance window separation issue noted above, and so offers an opportunity to test this hypothesis. In this work we briefly review how the UltraLo operates and describe a new round-robin study conducted entirely on UltraLo instruments using a set of standard samples that included two samples used in the original study. This study shows that, for LA (Low Alpha between 2 and 50 alpha/khr-cm$^2$) sample measurements, the only remaining site-to-site variations were due to counting statistics. Variations in ULA (Ultra-Low Alpha < 2 alpha/khr-cm$^2$) sample measurements were reduced three-fold, compared to the earlier study, with the measurements suggesting that residual activity variations now primarily arise from site-to-site differences in the cosmogenic background., Comment: 7 pages, 8 figures, 4 tables; Fixed typos, added discussion on potential for positive systematic bias per reviewer comments, quick formatting refresh. Accepted for publication in Nucl. Instr. and Meth. in Phys. Res. A
Published: 2014
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46. In-Situ High-Energy X-ray Diffraction During a Linear Deposition of 308 Stainless Steel via Wire Arc Additive Manufacture

Author: Brown, D. W., Losko, A., Carpenter, J. S., Clausen, B., Cooley, J. C., Livescu, V., Kenesei, P., Park, J.-S., Stockman, T. J., and Strantza, M.
Published: 2020
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47. Improved WIMP-search reach of the CDMS II germanium data

Author: Agnese, R, Anderson, AJ, Asai, M, Balakishiyeva, D, Barker, D, Basu Thakur, R, Bauer, DA, Billard, J, Borgland, A, Bowles, MA, Brandt, D, Brink, PL, Bunker, R, Cabrera, B, Caldwell, DO, Calkins, R, Cerdeño, DG, Chagani, H, Chen, Y, Cooley, J, Cornell, B, Crewdson, CH, Cushman, P, Daal, M, Di Stefano, PCF, Doughty, T, Esteban, L, Fallows, S, Figueroa-Feliciano, E, Godfrey, GL, Golwala, SR, Hall, J, Harris, HR, Hertel, SA, Hofer, T, Holmgren, D, Hsu, L, Huber, ME, Jardin, D, Jastram, A, Kamaev, O, Kara, B, Kelsey, MH, Kennedy, A, Kiveni, M, Koch, K, Leder, A, Loer, B, Lopez Asamar, E, Lukens, P, Mahapatra, R, Mandic, V, McCarthy, KA, Mirabolfathi, N, Moffatt, RA, Oser, SM, Page, K, Page, WA, Partridge, R, Pepin, M, Phipps, A, Prasad, K, Pyle, M, Qiu, H, Rau, W, Redl, P, Reisetter, A, Ricci, Y, Rogers, HE, Saab, T, Sadoulet, B, Sander, J, Schneck, K, Schnee, RW, Scorza, S, Serfass, B, Shank, B, Speller, D, Toback, D, Upadhyayula, S, Villano, AN, Welliver, B, Wilson, JS, Wright, DH, Yang, X, Yellin, S, Yen, JJ, Young, BA, and Zhang, J
Subjects: hep-ex, astro-ph.CO, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Quantum Physics, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics
Abstract: CDMS II data from the five-tower runs at the Soudan Underground Laboratory were reprocessed with an improved charge-pulse fitting algorithm. Two new analysis techniques to reject surface-event backgrounds were applied to the 612 kg days germanium-detector weakly interacting massive particle (WIMP)-search exposure. An extended analysis was also completed by decreasing the 10 keV analysis threshold to ∼5keV, to increase sensitivity near a WIMP mass of 8GeV/c2. After unblinding, there were zero candidate events above a deposited energy of 10 keV and six events in the lower-threshold analysis. This yielded minimum WIMP-nucleon spin-independent scattering cross-section limits of 1.8×10-44 and 1.18×10-41 at 90% confidence for 60 and 8.6GeV/c2 WIMPs, respectively. This improves the previous CDMS II result by a factor of 2.4 (2.7) for 60 (8.6)GeV/c2 WIMPs.
Published: 2015

48. Dark matter effective field theory scattering in direct detection experiments

Author: Schneck, K, Cabrera, B, Cerdeño, DG, Mandic, V, Rogers, HE, Agnese, R, Anderson, AJ, Asai, M, Balakishiyeva, D, Barker, D, Basu Thakur, R, Bauer, DA, Billard, J, Borgland, A, Brandt, D, Brink, PL, Bunker, R, Caldwell, DO, Calkins, R, Chagani, H, Chen, Y, Cooley, J, Cornell, B, Crewdson, CH, Cushman, P, Daal, M, Di Stefano, PCF, Doughty, T, Esteban, L, Fallows, S, Figueroa-Feliciano, E, Godfrey, GL, Golwala, SR, Hall, J, Harris, HR, Hofer, T, Holmgren, D, Hsu, L, Huber, ME, Jardin, DM, Jastram, A, Kamaev, O, Kara, B, Kelsey, MH, Kennedy, A, Leder, A, Loer, B, Lopez Asamar, E, Lukens, P, Mahapatra, R, Mccarthy, KA, Mirabolfathi, N, Moffatt, RA, Morales Mendoza, JD, Oser, SM, Page, K, Page, WA, Partridge, R, Pepin, M, Phipps, A, Prasad, K, Pyle, M, Qiu, H, Rau, W, Redl, P, Reisetter, A, Ricci, Y, Roberts, A, Saab, T, Sadoulet, B, Sander, J, Schnee, RW, Scorza, S, Serfass, B, Shank, B, Speller, D, Toback, D, Upadhyayula, S, Villano, AN, Welliver, B, Wilson, JS, Wright, DH, Yang, X, Yellin, S, Yen, JJ, Young, BA, and Zhang, J
Subjects: astro-ph.CO, hep-ex, hep-ph, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Quantum Physics, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics
Abstract: We examine the consequences of the effective field theory (EFT) of dark matter-nucleon scattering for current and proposed direct detection experiments. Exclusion limits on EFT coupling constants computed using the optimum interval method are presented for SuperCDMS Soudan, CDMS II, and LUX, and the necessity of combining results from multiple experiments in order to determine dark matter parameters is discussed. We demonstrate that spectral differences between the standard dark matter model and a general EFT interaction can produce a bias when calculating exclusion limits and when developing signal models for likelihood and machine learning techniques. We also discuss the implications of the EFT for the next-generation (G2) direct detection experiments and point out regions of complementarity in the EFT parameter space.
Published: 2015

49. Maximum likelihood analysis of low energy CDMS II germanium data

Author: Agnese, R, Anderson, AJ, Balakishiyeva, D, Basu Thakur, R, Bauer, DA, Billard, J, Borgland, A, Bowles, MA, Brandt, D, Brink, PL, Bunker, R, Cabrera, B, Caldwell, DO, Cerdeno, DG, Chagani, H, Chen, Y, Cooley, J, Cornell, B, Crewdson, CH, Cushman, P, Daal, M, Di Stefano, PCF, Doughty, T, Esteban, L, Fallows, S, Figueroa-Feliciano, E, Fritts, M, Godfrey, GL, Golwala, SR, Graham, M, Hall, J, Harris, HR, Hertel, SA, Hofer, T, Holmgren, D, Hsu, L, Huber, ME, Jastram, A, Kamaev, O, Kara, B, Kelsey, MH, Kennedy, A, Kiveni, M, Koch, K, Leder, A, Loer, B, Lopez Asamar, E, Mahapatra, R, Mandic, V, Martinez, C, McCarthy, KA, Mirabolfathi, N, Moffatt, RA, Moore, DC, Nelson, RH, Oser, SM, Page, K, Page, WA, Partridge, R, Pepin, M, Phipps, A, Prasad, K, Pyle, M, Qiu, H, Rau, W, Redl, P, Reisetter, A, Ricci, Y, Rogers, HE, Saab, T, Sadoulet, B, Sander, J, Schneck, K, Schnee, RW, Scorza, S, Serfass, B, Shank, B, Speller, D, Upadhyayula, S, Villano, AN, Welliver, B, Wright, DH, Yellin, S, Yen, JJ, Young, BA, and Zhang, J
Subjects: astro-ph.CO, astro-ph.IM, physics.ins-det, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Quantum Physics, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics
Abstract: We report on the results of a search for a Weakly Interacting Massive Particle (WIMP) signal in low-energy data of the Cryogenic Dark Matter Search experiment using a maximum likelihood analysis. A background model is constructed using geant4 to simulate the surface-event background from Pb210 decay-chain events, while using independent calibration data to model the gamma background. Fitting this background model to the data results in no statistically significant WIMP component. In addition, we perform fits using an analytic ad hoc background model proposed by Collar and Fields, who claimed to find a large excess of signal-like events in our data. We confirm the strong preference for a signal hypothesis in their analysis under these assumptions, but excesses are observed in both single- and multiple-scatter events, which implies the signal is not caused by WIMPs, but rather reflects the inadequacy of their background model.
Published: 2015

50. First direct limits on lightly ionizing particles with electric charge less than e/6.

Author: Agnese, R, Anderson, AJ, Balakishiyeva, D, Basu Thakur, R, Bauer, DA, Billard, J, Borgland, A, Bowles, MA, Brandt, D, Brink, PL, Bunker, R, Cabrera, B, Caldwell, DO, Cerdeno, DG, Chagani, H, Chen, Y, Cooley, J, Cornell, B, Crewdson, CH, Cushman, P, Daal, M, Di Stefano, PCF, Doughty, T, Esteban, L, Fallows, S, Figueroa-Feliciano, E, Godfrey, GL, Golwala, SR, Hall, J, Harris, HR, Hertel, SA, Hofer, T, Holmgren, D, Hsu, L, Huber, ME, Jastram, A, Kamaev, O, Kara, B, Kelsey, MH, Kennedy, A, Kiveni, M, Koch, K, Leder, A, Loer, B, Lopez Asamar, E, Mahapatra, R, Mandic, V, Martinez, C, McCarthy, KA, Mirabolfathi, N, Moffatt, RA, Moore, DC, Nelson, H, Nelson, RH, Ogburn, RW, Page, K, Page, WA, Partridge, R, Pepin, M, Phipps, A, Prasad, K, Pyle, M, Qiu, H, Rau, W, Redl, P, Reisetter, A, Ricci, Y, Rogers, HE, Saab, T, Sadoulet, B, Sander, J, Schneck, K, Schnee, RW, Scorza, S, Serfass, B, Shank, B, Speller, D, Upadhyayula, S, Villano, AN, Welliver, B, Wright, DH, Yellin, S, Yen, JJ, Young, BA, Zhang, J, and CDMS Collaboration
Subjects: CDMS Collaboration, hep-ex, astro-ph.CO, astro-ph.HE, physics.ins-det, General Physics, Physical Sciences
Abstract: While the standard model of particle physics does not include free particles with fractional charge, experimental searches have not ruled out their existence. We report results from the Cryogenic Dark Matter Search (CDMS II) experiment that give the first direct-detection limits for cosmogenically produced relativistic particles with electric charge lower than e/6. A search for tracks in the six stacked detectors of each of two of the CDMS II towers finds no candidates, thereby excluding new parameter space for particles with electric charges between e/6 and e/200.
Published: 2015

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