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One of the most complex social policy issues that developing countries commonly face is the question of how they can protect the unemployed. However, the analysis of unemployment insurance (UI) in developing economies with large informal sectors is in its infancy, with few papers providing solid empirical evidence. This paper makes several contributions to the development literature: first, it applies Chetty’s 2008 landmark work on UI to a developing country (Chile) and shows that the moral hazard effects expected by policy makers, who designed the system are minimal, while liquidity effects were entirely neglected. By means of an RDD, it analyses the Chilean UI system using a large sample of administrative data, which allows for an extremely precise analysis of how the system is working, thus providing invaluable empirical lessons for other developing countries. Second, this paper shows that it is not enough merely to quantify an effect such as moral hazard, but to understand its causes and implications. An extended unemployment period stemming from moral hazard has extremely different welfare implications than one stemming from a liquidity effect and should therefore result in different policy recommendations. Third, our results also highlight that the Chilean UI system is regressive overall, as it protects workers with higher income levels and more stable jobs much more than it protects vulnerable workers, who are also much more likely to become unemployed. Fourth, this paper shows that it is essential that developing countries should take into account the specific labour market and macroeconomic context when designing social policies as the incentives embedded in such a policy may not be enough to compensate for the limitations that arise from the structure of a labour market. This research thus has implications for many developing countries, which may also be considering the implementation of some form of UI and/or the partial or complete replacement of existing severance pay legislation with continuous contributions to individual savings accounts, as recommended by the international development institutions. Furthermore, even high-income developing countries, such as Chile, cannot rely on unemployment insurance alone when it comes to protecting workers from the fallout of an economic crisis or rapid changes in the labour market that generate unemployment. Any UI system must also be linked to other social protection mechanisms to provide complimentary benefits to workers with precarious jobs.

Las futuras generaciones de aeronaves, especialmente los Micro-Vehículos Aéreos (MAVs) basados en el concepto de alas batientes, utilizarán mecanismos no-convencionales inspirados en el vuelo de insectos y aves pequeñas para mantenerse en vuelo y ejecutar maniobras complejas y poder satisfacer los requerimientos de un amplio rango de misiones. Entre los diferentes aspectos que caracterizan el vuelo natural, la generación de sustentación y propulsión son de vital importancia para desarrollar MAVs eficientes basados en el concepto de alas batientes. El objetivo principal de este trabajo consiste en explorar, mediante el desarrollo de simulaciones numéricas, la aerodinámica no-lineal de un modelo de ala batiente inspirado en la biología. Para alcanzar el objetivo se utiliza un código numérico que implementa el Método de Red de Vórtices No-estacionario en combinación con un modelo cinemático que permite describir el movimiento del ala batiente. Los resultados muestran que el desfasaje entre el ángulo de batimiento y la torsión del ala afecta directamente el comportamiento de las cargas aerodinámicas de sustentación y de empuje. Adicionalmente, para ciertos ángulos de desfasaje las cargas aerodinámicas se maximizan. Fil: Cáceres Contreras, Dante Agustín. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba; Argentina Fil: Verstraete, Marcos Leonardo. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ingeniería. Departamento de Electricidad y Electrónica; Argentina Fil: Roccia, Bruno Antonio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Estudios Avanzados en Ingeniería y Tecnología. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Estudios Avanzados en Ingeniería y Tecnología; Argentina Fil: Preidikman, Sergio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Estudios Avanzados en Ingeniería y Tecnología. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Estudios Avanzados en Ingeniería y Tecnología; Argentina

We study the effects of violence towards children on early childhood development. We contribute to the literature providing estimates of the effects of violence (verbal and/or physical) that control for child-mother unobserved characteristics. We find that violence has negative effects on verbal skills (Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test) and socio-emotional development (Child Behavior Check List). We also find that violence affects girls in their vocabulary development and increases behavioral problems of both boys and girls, with stronger effects among boys; that the negative effects diminish as children get older; and that they are more harmful among children with less educated mothers.