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HINTERGRUND Trotz uber 50 psychometrisch validierter Beobachtungsverfahren gibt es bisher keinen Konsens uber das praktikabelste Schmerzassessment bei Neugeborenen. Die Items von NFCSshort und PIPP wurden mit der Schmerzeinschatzung der prozedurbeteiligten Behandler verglichen und es wurde evaluiert, ob eine Itemreduktion zu Gunsten der Alltagsanwendung moglich ware. MATERIAL UND METHODEN 52 Neugeborene wurden in unserer Beobachtungsstudie einer klinisch indizierten peripheren Venenpunktion unterzogen. Patient und Monitordaten wurden standardisiert auf Video aufgezeichnet. Die Schmerzintensitat wurden durch sieben unabhangige Untersucher mittels NFCSshort und PIPP bewertet und hinsichtlich der Variabilitat zwischen den Untersuchern verglichen. ERGEBNISSE Nur vier Items des PIPP (Herzfrequenz, Augenbrauenvorwolbung, zusammengekniffene Augen, betonte Nasolabialfalte) wiesen einen signifikanten Zusammenhang mit der geschatzten Schmerzhaftigkeit der Prozedur auf. Die Items 1 (Gestationsalter), 2 (Wachheitsgrad) und 4 (Sauerstoffsattigung) hatten bei keinem Untersucher Einfluss auf das Schmerzmessergebnis. Die Auswertung des NFCSshort zeigte bei zwei Untersuchern fur das Item 1 (Vorwolbung der Augenbrauen) und bei einem Untersucher fur das Item 2 (zusammengekniffene Augen) keine Einflusse auf das Messergebnis. DISKUSSION Die Ergebnisse der Studie legen eine Kurzung des PIPP um drei Items nahe, da diese keinen Einfluss auf das Schmerzmessergebnis zeigten. Eine Reduktion des PIPP um das Item Gestationsalter erscheint fraglich, da es in weiteren Studien als bedeutsames Item bewertet wurde. Ein Verzicht auf das Item Sauerstoffsattigung geht mit einem geringeren Messaufwand einher. Eine weitere Kurzung der bereits gekurzten Version (NFCSshort) auf weniger als funf Items ist auf Basis unserer Ergebnisse nicht zu empfehlen. BACKGROUND Despite more than 50 laboratory-evaluated measurement systems, there is no consensus on the most practicable pain assessment in newborns in daily practice. For this purpose, the items of NFCSshort and PIPP were compared to the pain assesment of the involved medical practitioner. The aim of the study was to evaluate whether an item reduction of the assesments in favor of everyday use is feasible. METHODS In 52 neonates of a paediatric ward venous blood collection was performed in this observational study. Cameras recorded patients and monitor in a standardized way. The pain intensity was assessed with NFCSshort and PIPP by seven independent observers. The ratings were compared for variability between observers. RESULTS Of the seven PIPP items, only four were significantly associated with procedural pain assessment for all seven observers (heart rate, brow bulge, eye squeeze, nasolabial furrow). For the NFCSshort, no significant association with procedural pain assessment was found for two observers for the item "brow bulge" and for one observer for the item "eye squeeze". CONCLUSION The results of the study suggest a possible reduction of the PIPP by three items. Disregarding item 1 (gestational age) appears questionable, since its impact as context variable has been proven repeatedly. The waiver of item 4 (oxygen saturation) is associated with less measuring effort. A further reduction of the already shortened version of the NFCS with ten items (NFCSshort, five items) is not recommended by our results.

Primary care has increasingly adopted integrated behavioral health (IBH) practices to enhance overall care. The IBH Cross-Model Framework clarifies the core processes and structures of IBH, but little is known about how practices vary in the implementation of these processes and structures. This study aimed to describe clusters of clinics using the IBH Cross-Model Framework for a large sample of primary care clinics, as well as contextual variables associated with differences in implementation. Primary care clinics (N = 102) in Minnesota reported their level of implementation across 18 different components of IBH via the site self-assessment (SSA). The components were mapped to all five principles and four of the nine structures of the IBH Cross-Model Framework. latent class analysis was used to identify unique clusters of IBH components from the SSA across the IBH Cross-Model Framework's processes and structures. Latent classes were then regressed onto context variables. A four-class model was determined to be the best fit: Low IBH (39.6%), Structural IBH (7.9%), Partial IBH (29.4%), and Strong IBH (23.1%). Partial IBH clinics were more urban than the other three classes, lower in SES risk than Structural IBH clinics, and located in smaller organizations than Strong IBH clinics. There were no differences between classes in race/ethnicity of the clinic area or practice size. Four groups of IBH implementation were identified representing unique profiles of integration. These clusters may represent patterns of community-based implementation of IBH that indicate easier and more challenging aspects of IBH implementation.

Objetivo: Analizar los determinantes de la evaluación en la calidad de los servicios de salud públicos y privados usando como caso de estudio el Área Metropolitana de Monterrey (AMM). Material y métodos: A partir de un estudio cuantitativo-exploratorio que utiliza la información del estudio de percepción ciudadana “Así Vamos 2018” y cuyo diseño permite la representatividad a nivel estatal, municipal y por género en la población objetivo, se utilizan dos métodos estadísticos (análisis factorial y modelo de regresión Tobit) para identificar cuales características son valoradas en la percepción de calidad para cada servicio de salud, distinguiendo entre instituciones públicas y privadas. Posteriormente, se analiza como las variables de servicio que determinan esta evaluación de calidad. Resultados: Las estimaciones sugieren diferencias significativas de los determinantes de calidad entre distintos servicios de salud: mientras para los usuarios del IMSS lo más importante esla “características de las instalaciones”, “horarios de servicio” y preponderantemente “acceso a medicinas”, para usuarios del Seguro Popular y servicios privados es la “atención del personaladministrativo”. Conclusión: Los usuarios utilizan diferentes criterios para evaluar las alternativas de servicios de salud a las que tienen acceso, y por tanto esta discrepancia es fundamental al comparar la calidadofrecida por diferentes oferentes. Palabras Clave: Evaluación de Procesos, Atención de Salud; Economía de la Salud.

The main objective of this research was to analyse the match context variables’ influence on individual set-piece’s success in rink-hockey. A sample of 196 matches, including 621 free direct hits (...

هدف البحث الحالي إلى الکشف عن الفروق بين المنتکسين والمتعافين من الاعتماد على المواد النفسية من الذکور في المقاومة النفسية في ضوء بعض متغيرات السياق العلاجي، والتي تمثل في نوع العلاج (نفسي اجتماعي– طبي/مزدوج)، وطبيعة الجلسات (فردي/جمعي – مزدوج)، وخبرة المعالج في مجال الاعتماد (من حيث عدد السنوات). تکونت العينة من مجموعتين: المجموعة الأولى تکونت من (50 منتکسا) من الذکور المنتکسين على المواد النفسية، وذلک بمتوسط للعمر قدره (32,42) سنة وبانحراف معياري قدره (5,051) سنة، والمجموعة الثانية تکونت من (50 متعافيا) من الذکور المتعافين من الاعتماد على المواد النفسية بمتوسط للعمر قدره (32,62) سنة، وبانحراف معياري قدره (5,532) سنة. وتم استخدام مقياس المقاومة النفسية من إعداد مروة حسين واصف، ويتکون من ستة مکونات، وتم حساب خصائصه السيکومترية المتمثلة في الثبات والصدق. وأشارت نتائج الدراسة إلى وجود فروق دالة بين المنتکسين والمتعافين في المقاومة النفسية في اتجاه مجموعة المتعافين، کما کشفت النتائج عن عدم وجود فروق دالة في المقاومة النفسية في ضوء متغيرات السياق العلاجي بالبحث الحالي. وقد نوقشت النتائج في ضوء مدى تحقق فروض الدراسة والتراث البحثي المتاح. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the differences between male relapsed and psychoactive substances dependence- recovered patients in psychological resilience according to some variables in the therapeutic context. These variables are represented in the type of therapy (psychosocial – medical/ dual), the nature of sessions (individual / group - dual) and the experience of the therapist in the field of dependence (in terms of the number of years). The sample consists of two groups. The first group consists of (50 relapsed) of males relapsing in psychoactive substances with an average age of (32,42 ± 5,051) years. The second group consists of (50 recovered) of males recovering from dependence on psychoactive substances with an average age of (32,62 ± 5,532) years. The psychological resilience scale prepared by Marwa Hussein Wasef has been employed. It consists of six main components, after calculating its psychometric properties represented in validity and reliability. The study results have revealed that there are significant differences between relapses and recoveries in psychological resilience in the direction of the group of recoveries. The results have also shown that there are no differences in Psychological Resilience in light of Therapeutic Context Variables in the current study. The results have been discussed in terms of the extent to which the study hypotheses and available literature have been validated.

Liquid biopsy, particularly the analysis of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), has demonstrated considerable promise for numerous clinical intended uses. Successful validation and commercialization of novel ctDNA tests have the potential to improve the outcomes of patients with cancer. The goal of the Blood Profiling Atlas Consortium (BloodPAC) is to accelerate the development and validation of liquid biopsy assays that will be introduced into the clinic. To accomplish this goal, the BloodPAC conducts research in the following areas: Data Collection and Analysis within the BloodPAC Data Commons; Preanalytical Variables; Analytical Variables; Patient Context Variables; and Reimbursement. In this document, the BloodPAC’s Analytical Variables Working Group (AV WG) attempts to define a set of generic analytical validation protocols tailored for ctDNA-based Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) assays. Analytical validation of ctDNA assays poses several unique challenges that primarily arise from the fact that very few tumor-derived DNA molecules may be present in circulation relative to the amount of nontumor-derived cell-free DNA (cfDNA). These challenges include the exquisite level of sensitivity and specificity needed to detect ctDNA, the potential for false negatives in detecting these rare molecules, and the increased reliance on contrived samples to attain sufficient ctDNA for analytical validation. By addressing these unique challenges, the BloodPAC hopes to expedite sponsors’ presubmission discussions with the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) with the protocols presented herein. By sharing best practices with the broader community, this work may also save the time and capacity of FDA reviewers through increased efficiency.

En el presente estudio se examinó la red de relaciones entre la calidad del sueño y la regulación de las emociones de los niños pequeños, las prácticas y la participación de los padres a la hora de acostarse, el apoyo social y el estrés de los padres, integrando una novedosa combinación de dimensiones psicosociales en un modelo predictivo de la calidad del sueño y el estrés de los padres en una muestra de 80 familias con niños de 2 a 3 años de edad. Los resultados indicaron que la regulación de las emociones de los lactantes, así como las variables de contexto próximo, teniendo en cuenta el funcionamiento psicosocial tanto materno como paterno, predecían la varianza de los niveles de estrés de los padres. Además, los resultados mostraron que el número de vigilancias nocturnas del niño comunicadas por las madres y el tiempo solicitado por los niños pequeños para dormirse, estaban significativamente relacionados con los niveles de estrés de los padres según lo referido por ambos padres.

Nowadays, people are faced with choices between or among alternative systems (joint evaluation, or JE mode), as opposed to evaluating only one system in isolation (separate evaluation, or SE mode). This research investigates how users make technology adoption decisions in these two contexts. Based on the context-specific theorization framework proposed by Hong et al. (2014) and integrating general evaluability theory and construal level theory, we theorize how evaluation mode (JE versus SE), as a usage context variable, interacts with other aspects of IS contexts to influence technology adoption. The IS contexts considered in this work include a user characteristic variable (construal level) and technology-related factors (perceived ease of use, PEoU, and perceived usefulness, PU). In two studies (N = 272 and N = 112), participants were presented with two new e-learning systems either in JE or SE mode. Because study (1) was conducted in two natural settings and study (2) had participants randomly assigned to manipulated evaluation modes, these two studies complement each other to offer internal and external validities. We found that in JE a higher construal level strengthened the effect of PEoU but weakened that of PU on technology adoption. These effects were reversed in SE. The findings suggest that users’ technology choices and preferences can be reversed by simply presenting the target system in different ways.

Teacher evaluation has been used for decades in schools as a human resource management practice to hold teachers accountable and to help them develop professionally. This paper provides a synthesis of empirical studies about teacher evaluation. We use an overarching theoretical framework, the value chain, as a guide to collect and map insights from empirical research about teacher evaluation. First, we mapped the variables that are described as significant for teacher evaluation from a quantitative viewpoint. Second, by adding the qualitative insights, we gained a more detailed understanding about how these significant relationships work. After a screening of the literature, 15 quantitative and 21 qualitative studies were included in this review. The results elaborate on the definition and measurement of teacher evaluation, the outcomes of teacher evaluation and important context variables for teacher evaluation, all found in empirical research on teacher evaluation. This review provides an overview of the empirical results from the teacher evaluation research literature about antecedents and consequences of teacher evaluation. We conclude with paths for future research.

Esta investigación se enfoca en los empleos con condiciones laborales de precariedad extrema, que se identifican por estar en la línea de pobreza extrema por sus ingresos precarios y por ser heterogéneos con respecto a cinco condiciones adicionales de precariedad laboral: sin sindicato, jornada precaria, sin prestaciones, sin seguridad social y contrato precario. Con el objetivo de analizar la heterogeneidad se utilizó una metodología de grupos para identificar niveles y subniveles, ordenados numéricamente de menor a mayor precariedad laboral extrema. También se estimaron modelos probit-pool ordenados por niveles y subniveles de precariedad laboral extrema, explicados por un conjunto de variables del mercado laboral y de contexto, con el objetivo de elaborar simulaciones para medir los efectos marginales en los cambios en la probabilidad de ocurrencia, por nivel y subnivel de precariedad laboral extrema. Los resultados más importantes muestran que los empleos con precariedad extrema alcanzaron a 2.6 millones de trabajadores en 2018; su comportamiento se vincula con el desempleo en México, y las condiciones de precariedad laboral extrema con mayor probabilidad de ocurrencia sucedieron con ingresos precarios extremos, contrato y jornada precaria, y sin seguridad social.

Abstract. General self-efficacy is a central personality trait often evaluated in surveys as context variable. It can be interpreted as a personal coping resource reflecting individual belief in one’s overall competence to perform across a variety of situations. The German-language Allgemeine-Selbstwirksamkeit-Kurzskala (ASKU) is a reliable and valid instrument to assess this disposition in the German-speaking countries based on a three-item equation. This study develops a French version of the ASKU and tests this French version for measurement invariance compared to the original ASKU. A reliable and valid French instrument would make it easy to collect data in the French-speaking countries and allow comparisons between the French and German results. Data were collected on a sample of 1,716 adolescents. Confirmatory factor analysis resulted in a good fit for a single-factor model of the data (in total, French, and German version). Additionally, construct validity was assessed by elucidating intercorrelations between the ASKU and different factors that should theoretically be related to ASKU. Furthermore, we confirmed configural and metric as well as scalar invariance between the different language versions, meaning that all forms of statistical comparison between the developed French version and the original German version are allowed.

International audience; We study the complexity of regular matching and inclusion for compressed tree patterns with context variables subject to regular constraints. Context variables with regular constraints permit to properly generalize on unranked tree patterns with hedge variables. Regular inclusion on unranked tree patterns is relevant to certain query answering on Xml streams with references. We show that regular matching and inclusion with regular constraints can be reduced in polynomial time to the corresponding problem without regular constraints.