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4. Clopidogrel with or without omeprazole in coronary artery disease

Author

Bhatt, Deepak L., Cryer, Byron L., Contant, Charles F., Cohen, Marc, Lanas, Angel, Schnitzer, Thomas J., Shook, Thomas L., Lapuerta, Pablo, Goldsmith, Mark A., Laine, Loren, Scirica, Benjamin M., Murphy, Sabina A., and Cannon, Christopher P.

Subjects
Proton pump inhibitors -- Analysis, Clopidogrel -- Health aspects, Clopidogrel -- Research, Cardiovascular diseases -- Drug therapy, Omeprazole -- Health aspects, Omeprazole -- Research
Abstract

Several studies are conducted to analyze the impact of the various proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) on the effectiveness of clopidogrel. The results demonstrate the absence of a correlation between clopidogrel and omeparozole.

Published
2010

5. Comparative determinants of 4-year cardiovascular event rates in stable outpatients at risk of or with atherothrombosis

Author

Bhatt, Deepak L., Eagle, Kim A., Ohman, E. Magnus, Hirsch, Alan T., Goto, Shinya, Mahoney, Eiizabeth H., Wilson, Peter W.F., Alberts, Mark J., DEAgostino, Ralph, Chiau-Suong Liau, Mas. Jean-Louis, Rother, Joachim, Smith, Sidney C. Jr., Salette, Genevieve, Contant, Charles F., Massaro, Joseph M., and Steg, Ph. Gabriel

Subjects
Outpatients -- Care and treatment, Cardiovascular diseases -- Risk factors, Cardiovascular diseases -- Care and treatment, Atherosclerosis -- Risk factors, Physicians -- Practice
Abstract

The study attempts to evaluate the factors and comparative determinants of 4-year cardiovascular event rates in stable outpatients at risk of or with atherothrombosis. The results indicate that such kinds of clinical descriptors can help physicians identify high-risk patients at risk.

Published
2010

9. Effects of human immunodeficiency virus and immune status on magnetic resonance imaging of the brain in hemophilic subjects: results from the Hemophilia Growth and Development Study

Author

Mitchell, Wendy G., Nelson, Marvin D., Contant, Charles F., Bale, James F., Jr., Wilson, Don A., Bohan, Timothy P., and Fenstermacher, Marc J.

Subjects
Hemophilia in children -- Complications, HIV infection in children -- Complications, Brain, Magnetic resonance imaging -- Usage
Abstract

HIV infection may cause diffuse cerebral atrophy in children with hemophilia whose immune systems have been weakened by the infection. Diffuse cerebral atrophy is a condition characterized by wasting of brain tissue. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to examine the brains of 332 boys between six and 19 years old with hemophilia. The study included 206 HIV-positive boys and 126 HIV-negative boys. HIV-positive boys with low CD4+ counts were more likely to have an abnormal MRI scan than the other boys. A low CD4+ count indicates a weakened immune system. Thirty-three percent of the HIV-positive boys with low CD4+ counts had diffuse cerebral atrophy, compared with 7% of the HIV-positive boys with higher CD4+ counts and 5% of the HIV-negative boys. Multifocal white-matter lesions were found on the MRI scans of both HIV-positive and HIV-negative boys., To determine the effects of hemophilia and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection on the nervous system, the authors examined the relationship of brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings to immunologic function and neurologic examination findings. Baseline examinations included physical and neurologic examination, immunologic and virologic testing, and MRI of the brain. On neurologic examination, muscle atrophy was considered to be related to hemophilia if adjacent joints had arthropathy due to bleeding. Muscle atrophy was considered non-hemophilia-related if unrelated to arthropathy or if muscle atrophy was diffuse. Subjects were boys aged 6 to 19 years, enrolled in a multicenter study of the effects of hemophilia and HIV infection on growth and development, all with congenital coagulopathies requiring factor infusions. Three hundred ten subjects had complete data including neurologic examination, T-cell subsets, HIV antibodies, and MRI. Subjects with HIV infection whose CD[4.sup.+] counts were 200/[mu]L. MRI studies were normal in 230. Abnormal MRI studies were more frequent in HIV-positive subjects with CD[4.sup.+] counts

Published
1993

10. Neurologic history and examination results and their relationship to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 serostatus in hemophilic subjects: results from the Hemophilia Growth and Development Study

Author

Bale, James F., Jr., Contant, Charles F., Garg, Bhuwan, Tilton, Ann, Kaufman, David M., and Wasiewski, Warren

Subjects
HIV infection in children -- Complications, Hemophilia in children -- Complications, Neurologic manifestations of general diseases -- Development and progression
Abstract

HIV infection may cause additional neurologic complications in children with hemophilia. Hemophilia can cause certain neurologic disorders. Among 333 boys between six and 19 years old with hemophilia, 207 were HIV-positive and 126 were HIV-negative. They all received extensive neurologic testing. The incidence of certain neurologic abnormalities was similar among HIV-negative and HIV-positive children. These included abnormalities affecting cranial nerve function, sensation, muscle strength and coordination. Head circumference was also similar in the two groups. HIV-positive children were more likely to have abnormal deep tendon reflexes, muscle tone or range of motion. They were also more likely to have non-hemophilia-related decreases in muscle bulk., In a prospective study of the growth and neuropsychologic function of hemophilic subjects, 333 boys, median age of 12.3 years, had baseline neurologic examinations. The study population included 207 individuals (62%) who were seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Overall results indicated that 11% had abnormalities of cranial nerve function, 17% had abnormal deep tendon reflexes, 23% had abnormal strength, 25% had abnormal coordination, and 31% had abnormal tone, bulk, or range of motion. By contrast, 2% or fewer displayed abnormal movements or had abnormal pain or vibratory sensation, or altered mental status. Abnormalities were more common in older hemophilic subjects (eg, 67 [38%] of 177 subjects [is greater than or equal to]12 years of age had abnormal tone, bulk, or range of motion vs 36 [23%] of 156 subjects < 12 years of age). When compared with regard to HIV-1 status, HIV-seronegative and HIV-seropositive subjects did not differ with regard to head circumference or the frequency of abnormalities of cranial nerve function, sensation, muscle strength, or coordination. However, deep tendon reflexes and tone, bulk, or range of motion were more frequently abnormal in HIV-1-seropositive individuals. More HIV-1-positive subjects had at least one increased deep tendon reflex (13/207 [6.3%] vs 1/126 [0.8%] in seronegatives) and more had non-hemophilia-related decreases in muscle bulk (7/207 [3.4%] vs 0/126 in seronegatives). These results indicate that hemophilia causes substantial neurologic dysfunction and that certain findings, such as changes in muscle-stretch reflexes or muscle bulk, may also reflect the neurologic consequences of HIV infection. Pediatrics 1993;91:736-741; hemophilia, growth, neurologic function, development, human immunodeficiency virus.

Published
1993

19. Cerebrovascular reactivity to [CO.sub.2] and hypotension after mild cortical impact injury

Author

GOLDING, ELKE M., STEENBERG, MARIE L., CONTANT, CHARLES F. JR., KRISHNAPPA, INDRA, ROBERTSON, CLAUDIA S., and BRYAN, ROBERT M. JR.

Subjects
Hypertension -- Physiological aspects, Brain damage -- Physiological aspects, Rats -- Research, Biological sciences
Abstract

Golding, Elke M., Marie L. Steenberg, Charles F. Contant, Jr., Indra Krishnappa, Claudia S. Robertson, and Robert M. Bryan, Jr. Cerebrovascular reactivity to [CO.sub.2] and hypotension after mild cortical impact injury. Am. J. Physiol. 277 (Heart Circ. Physiol. 46): H1457-H1466, 1999.--Cerebrovascular reactivity to [CO.sub.2] or hypotension was studied in vivo and in vitro [pressurized arteries (~82 [micro]m) and arterioles (~30 [micro]m)] at 1 h after mild controlled cortical impact (CCI) injury in rats. The cortical perfusion response [assessed using laser-Doppler flowmetry (LDF)] to altered [CO.sub.2] was diminished (up to 81%) after mild CCI injury. The responses to [CO.sub.2] alterations in arteries and arterioles isolated from the injured cortex were similar to responses in vessels isolated from sham-injured animals. After mild CCI injury, the autoregulatory response to hypotension (measured using LDF) was maintained or even enhanced, depending on the method used to measure the response. Vessels isolated from the injury site showed a response to changes in pressure similar to that in vessels isolated from sham-injured rats. We conclude that mild CCI injury produces complicated alterations in cerebrovascular control. Whereas the autoregulatory response to hypotension was maintained or even enhanced, the in vivo vascular response to [CO.sub.2] was severely compromised. The altered response to [CO.sub.2] was not caused by an intrinsic vascular perturbation but rather an altered milieu after mild CCI injury. autoregulation; carbon dioxide reactivity; rat; secondary injury; traumatic brain injury

Published
1999

21. Metabolic effects of a late hypotensive insult combined with reduced intracranial compliance following traumatic brain injury in the rat

Author

Salci, Konstantin, Enblad, Per, Goiny, Michel, Contant, Charles F., Piper, Ian, Nilsson, Pelle, Salci, Konstantin, Enblad, Per, Goiny, Michel, Contant, Charles F., Piper, Ian, and Nilsson, Pelle

Abstract

Introduction. Traumatic brain injury makes the brain vulnerable to secondary insults. Post-traumatic alterations in intracranial dynamics, such as reduced intracranial compliance (IC), are thought to further potentiate the effects of secondary insults. Reduced IC combined with intracranial volume insults leads to metabolic disturbances in a rat model. The aim of the present study was to discern whether a post-traumatic hypotensive insult in combination with reduced IC caused more pronounced secondary metabolic disturbances in the injured rat brain. Materials and methods. Rats were randomly assigned to four groups (n = 8/group): 1) trauma with hypotension; 2) trauma and reduced IC with hypotension; 3) sham injury with hypotension; and 4) sham injury and reduced IC with hypotension. A weight drop model of cortical contusion trauma was used. IC was reduced by gluing rubber film layers on the inside of bilateral bone flaps before replacement. Microdialysis probes were placed in the perimeter of the trauma zone. Hypotension was induced 2 h after trauma. Extracellular (EC) levels of lactate, pyruvate, hypoxanthine, and glycerol were analyzed. Results. The trauma resulted in a significant increase in EC dialysate levels of lactate, lactate/pyruvate ratio, hypoxanthine, and glycerol. A slight secondary increase in lactate was noted for all groups but group 2 during hypotension, otherwise no late effects were seen. There were no effects of reduced IC. Discussion. In conclusion, reduced IC did not increase the metabolic disturbances caused by the post-traumatic hypotensive insult. The results suggest that a mild to moderate hypotensive insult after initial post-traumatic resuscitation may be tolerated better than an early insult before resuscitation.

Published
2010
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26. Randomized Trial of Atopaxar in the Treatment of Patients With Coronary Artery Disease

Author

Wiviott, Stephen D., primary, Flather, Marcus D., additional, O'Donoghue, Michelle L., additional, Goto, Shinya, additional, Fitzgerald, Desmond J., additional, Cura, Fernando, additional, Aylward, Philip, additional, Guetta, Victor, additional, Dudek, Dariusz, additional, Contant, Charles F., additional, Angiolillo, Dominick J., additional, and Bhatt, Deepak L., additional

Published
2011
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27. Safety and Tolerability of Atopaxar in the Treatment of Patients With Acute Coronary Syndromes

Author

O'Donoghue, Michelle L., primary, Bhatt, Deepak L., additional, Wiviott, Stephen D., additional, Goodman, Shaun G., additional, Fitzgerald, Desmond J., additional, Angiolillo, Dominick J., additional, Goto, Shinya, additional, Montalescot, Gilles, additional, Zeymer, Uwe, additional, Aylward, Philip E., additional, Guetta, Victor, additional, Dudek, Dariusz, additional, Ziecina, Rafal, additional, Contant, Charles F., additional, and Flather, Marcus D., additional

Published
2011
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28. EVALUATION OF THE EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF OTAMIXABAN VS. UNFRACTIONATED HEPARIN+EPTIFIBATIDE IN ELDERLY PATIENTS WITH NON-ST-ELEVATION ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROMES IN THE SEPIA-ACS1 TIMI 42 TRIAL

Author

Ruff, Christian T., primary, Goodman, Shaun, additional, Hod, Hanoch, additional, Bode, Christoph, additional, Widimsky, Petr, additional, Kiss, Robert G., additional, Contant, Charles F., additional, Crugnale, Sharon E., additional, Moryusef, Angele, additional, Steg, Gabriel, additional, Antman, Elliott M., additional, and Sabatine, Marc S., additional

Published
2011
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29. Evaluation of NT-proBNP and High Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein for Predicting Cardiovascular Risk in Patients with Arthritis Taking Longterm Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs

Author

RUFF, CHRISTIAN T., primary, MORROW, DAVID A., additional, JAROLIM, PETER, additional, REN, FANG, additional, CONTANT, CHARLES F., additional, KAUR, AMARJOT, additional, CURTIS, SEAN P., additional, LAINE, LOREN, additional, CANNON, CHRISTOPHER P., additional, and BRUNE, KAY, additional

Published
2011
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35. Clinical Trials in Head Injury

Author

Narayan, Raj K., primary, Michel, Mary Ellen, additional, Ansell, Beth, additional, Baethmann, Alex, additional, Biegon, Anat, additional, Bracken, Michael B., additional, Bullock, M. Ross, additional, Choi, Sung C., additional, Clifton, Guy L., additional, Contant, Charles F., additional, Coplin, William M., additional, Dietrich, W. Dalton, additional, Ghajar, Jamshid, additional, Grady, Sean M., additional, Grossman, Robert G., additional, Hall, Edward D., additional, Heetderks, William, additional, Hovda, David A., additional, Jallo, Jack, additional, Katz, Russell L., additional, Knoller, Nachshon, additional, Kochanek, Patrick M., additional, Maas, Andrew I., additional, Majde, Jeannine, additional, Marion, Donald W., additional, Marmarou, Anthony, additional, Marshall, Lawrence F., additional, McIntosh, Tracy K., additional, Miller, Emmy, additional, Mohberg, Noel, additional, Muizelaar, J. Paul, additional, Pitts, Lawrence H., additional, Quinn, Peter, additional, Riesenfeld, Gad, additional, Robertson, Claudia S., additional, Strauss, Kenneth I., additional, Teasdale, Graham, additional, Temkin, Nancy, additional, Tuma, Ronald, additional, Wade, Charles, additional, Walker, Michael D., additional, Weinrich, Michael, additional, Whyte, John, additional, Wilberger, Jack, additional, Young, A. Byron, additional, and Yurkewicz, Lorraine, additional

Published
2002
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41. Comparison of Long-term Survival of Cytomegalovirus Promoter versus Rous Sarcoma Virus Promoter-Driven Thymidine Kinase Gene Therapy in Nude Mice Bearing Human Ovarian Cancer

Author

TONG, XIAOWEN, primary, ENGEHAUSEN, DIRK G., additional, FREUND, CHRISTIAN T.F., additional, AGOULNIK, IRA, additional, OEHLER, MARTIN K., additional, KIM, TAE-EUNG, additional, HASENBURG, ANNETTE, additional, GUO, ZHONGSHENG, additional, CONTANT, CHARLES F., additional, WOO, SAVIO L.C., additional, and KIEBACK, DIRK G., additional

Published
1999
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46. Hemophilia Growth and Development Study: Relationships Between Neuropsychological, Neurological, and MRI Findings at Baseline

Author

Sirois, Patricia A., primary, Usner, Dale W., additional, Hill, Suzanne D., additional, Mitchell, Wendy G., additional, Bale, James F., additional, Loveland, Katherine A., additional, Stehbens, James A., additional, Donfield, Sharyne M., additional, Maeder, Margaret A., additional, Amodei, Nancy, additional, Contant, Charles F., additional, Nelson, Marvin D., additional, and Willis, John K., additional

Published
1998
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50. SjvO2Monitoring in Head-Injured Patients

Author

ROBERTSON, CLAUDIA S., primary, GOPINATH, SHANKAR P., additional, GOODMAN, J. CLAY, additional, CONTANT, CHARLES F., additional, VALADKA, ALEX B., additional, and NARAYAN, RAJ K., additional

Published
1995
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