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Abstract Background A previous study highlighted the role of antibiotic-induced dysbiosis in the tick microbiota, facilitating the transstadial transmission of Babesia microti from nymph to adult in Haemaphysalis longicornis. This study builds on previous findings by analyzing sequence data from an earlier study to investigate bacterial interactions that could be linked to enhanced transstadial transmission of Babesia in ticks. The study employed antibiotic-treated (AT) and control-treated (CT) Haemaphysalis longicornis ticks to investigate shifts in microbial community assembly. Network analysis techniques were utilized to assess bacterial interactions, comparing network centrality measures between AT and CT groups, alongside studying network robustness and connectivity loss. Additionally, functional profiling was conducted to evaluate metabolic diversity in response to antibiotic treatment. Results The analysis revealed notable changes in microbial community assembly in response to antibiotic treatment. Antibiotic-treated (AT) ticks displayed a greater number of connected nodes but fewer correlations compared to control-treated (CT) ticks, indicating a less interactive yet more connected microbial community. Network centrality measures such as degree, betweenness, closeness, and eigenvector centrality, differed significantly between AT and CT groups, suggesting alterations in local network dynamics due to antibiotic intervention. Coxiella and Acinetobacter exhibited disrupted connectivity and roles, with the former showing reduced interactions in AT group and the latter displaying a loss of connected nodes, emphasizing their crucial roles in microbial network stability. Robustness tests against node removal showed decreased stability in AT networks, particularly under directed attacks, confirming a susceptibility of the microbial community to disturbances. Functional profile analysis further indicated a higher diversity and richness in metabolic capabilities in the AT group, reflecting potential shifts in microbial metabolism as a consequence of antimicrobial treatment. Conclusions Our findings support that bacterial interaction traits boosting the transstadial transmission of Babesia could be associated with reduced colonization resistance. The disrupted microbial interactions and decreased network robustness in AT ticks suggest critical vulnerabilities that could be targeted for managing tick-borne diseases.

Abstract Tick-borne rickettsioses, caused by Gram-negative bacteria of the Rickettsia genus, pose a growing global threat, with various arthropod vectors contributing to their transmission. Understanding the complex interactions within tick microbiota, including the role of Rickettsia species, is crucial for elucidating the dynamics of rickettsial diseases. Here, we investigate the taxonomic profiles and co-occurrence networks of Rickettsia in Rh. sanguineus sensus lato (s.l.) and Rh. turanicus ticks, revealing significant differences in community composition and local connectivity of Rickettsia species. While the microbiota of both tick species share common taxa, distinct differences in relative abundance and network topology suggest unique ecological niches. Moreover, robustness analysis demonstrates varying resilience to perturbations, indicating different strategies for network organization. Our findings also highlight metabolic differences between tick species, suggesting potential implications for Rickettsia interactions. Overall, this study provides insights into the intricate microbial landscape within ticks, shedding light on the functional redundancy and metabolic pathways associated with Rickettsia, thus advancing our understanding of tick-borne diseases.

Therapeutic relational communication has become a fundamental human resource in the nursing profession. The positive relationship between nurse-patient communication and resilience has been shown in several studies. However, these aspects can be affected in adverse circumstances. The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between nurse-patient therapeutic relational communication and the resilience of nursing professionals in adverse circumstances. A cross-sectional study with a sample of 201 nursing professionals was conducted. This study found high levels of both therapeutic relational communication between nurses and patients as well as resilience among nurses. The sociodemographic variables of age and years of experience in the profession positively correlated with the data obtained through the measurement instruments. The co-relational analysis revealed a positive correlation between nurse-patient therapeutic relational communication and nurse resilience, and the regression analysis showed that levels of successful therapeutic communication skills were minimally explained by resilience. Nursing professionals who participated in this study demonstrated adequate levels of therapeutic relational communication with their patients as well as adequate levels of resilience required to cope with the challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic in their daily nursing practice. This study was not registered.

Abstract Obesity, a global health crisis, disrupts multiple systemic processes, contributing to a cascade of metabolic dysfunctions by promoting the pathological expansion of visceral adipose tissue (VAT). This expansion is characterized by impaired differentiation of pre-adipocytes and an increase in senescent cells, leading to a pro-inflammatory state and exacerbated oxidative stress. Particularly, the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) and adipose tissue hypoxia further impair cellular function, promoting chronic disease development. This review delves into the potential of autophagy modulation and the therapeutic application of senolytics and senomorphics as novel strategies to mitigate adipose tissue senescence. By exploring the intricate mechanisms underlying adipocyte dysfunction and the emerging role of natural compounds in senescence modulation, we underscore the promising horizon of senotherapeutics in restoring adipose health. This approach not only offers a pathway to combat the metabolic complications of obesity, but also opens new avenues for enhancing life quality and managing the global burden of obesity-related conditions. Our analysis aims to bridge the gap between current scientific progress and clinical application, offering new perspectives on preventing and treating obesity-induced adipose dysfunction.

In this work, key factors that affect catalytic activity of Ni/La-doped ceria catalysts for the reverse water gas shift reaction (RWGS) have been revealed by applying in situ advanced synchrotron techniques, such as X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (XAS) and Near-ambient pressure X-ray Photoelectron spectroscopy (NAP-XPS). Complementary ex situ characterization techniques have been also used, adding valuable insights on different physicochemical properties of the catalysts. Lanthanum incorporates into the ceria lattice, increasing oxygen mobility, which has a role in the formation of H2O during the reaction. The optimum substitution degree of Ce by La that maximizes CO yield is close to 10 %. It is found that both bulk and surface Ce3+ proportions depend on the proportion of La, increasing with La content. At a reaction temperature of 873 K, bulk Ce3+ proportions are higher than surface ones. These differences are due to oxidative phenomena, associated to the reactive mixture that take place on the surface, such as CO2 adsorption and H2O formation. Concerning Ni phase, NiO bulk reduction to metallic Ni is very fast (in the range 573–623 K), however, Ni0 and Ni2+ species coexist on the surface during the reaction. It is found that a higher proportion of surface metallic Ni promotes the selectivity towards the RWGS, inhibiting the competing methanation reaction. On the other hand, La doping is relevant for the formation of lanthanum oxycarbonate, which has a role gasifying carbon deposits.

Consuelo Albornoz reporta desde un simposio que reunió a diseñadores, académicos y responsables de políticas públicas para explorar la relación entre vivienda accesible, normativa habitacional y estándares de diseño.

Consuelo Albornoz reports from a symposium that brought together designers, academics, and policymakers to explore the relationship between accessible housing, housing regulations, and design standards.

Objectives: The aim of this study is to present our experience with three patients who underwent a neonatal Yasui procedure, and to show the new decision-making algorithm. Methods: This is a series of three neonates operated on at our hospital between 2017 and 2022. Results: All the patients underwent a primary Yasui. The duration of cardiopulmonary bypass was 275, 249 and 391 min, in patient 1, 2 and 3, respectively. After surgery, the Intensive Care Unit stay of patients 1, 2 and 3 was 29, 22 and 24 days, respectively. The patients were discharged in good condition. Subsequent complications during follow-up included the need for percutaneous intervention in patient 1 for the implantation of a stent in the right pulmonary branch (at 6 months postoperatively) and a stent in the right ventricle-pulmonary artery conduit (at 42 months). Patient 2 required right ventricle-pulmonary artery conduit replacement and repair of moderate-severe left ventricular outflow tract obstruction at 16 months postoperatively. Patient 3 needed a reoperation at 3 months postoperatively due to aortic arch stenosis at different levels and a residual ventricular septal defect. Currently, all patients are alive with adequate echocardiographic biventricular function. Conclusions: In experienced centers, primary Yasui repair can be performed in the neonatal period with satisfactory results. Resumen: Objetivos: El objetivo de este estudio es presentar nuestra experiencia con tres pacientes sometidos a un procedimiento de Yasui neonatal, y mostrar el nuevo algoritmo de toma de decisiones. Métodos: Se trata de una serie de tres neonatos, operados en nuestro hospital entre 2017 y 2022. Resultados: Todos los pacientes fueron sometidos a un Yasui primario. La duración del bypass cardiopulmonar fue de 275, 249 y 391 minutos, en los pacientes 1, 2 y 3, respectivamente. Tras la cirugía, la estancia en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos de los pacientes 1, 2 y 3 fue de 29, 22 y 24 días, respectivamente. Los pacientes fueron dados de alta en buenas condiciones. Las complicaciones posteriores durante el seguimiento incluyeron, la necesidad de intervención percutánea en el paciente 1 para la implantación de un stent en la rama pulmonar derecha (a los seis meses del posoperatorio), y un stent en el conducto ventrículo-pulmonar derecho (a los 42 meses). El paciente 2, requirió la sustitución del conducto ventrículo-pulmonar derecho, y la reparación de la obstrucción moderada-grave del tracto de salida del ventrículo izquierdo, a los 16 meses del posoperatorio. El paciente 3, necesitó una reoperación a los tres meses del posoperatorio, debido a una estenosis del arco aórtico a diferentes niveles, y a una comunicación interventricular residual. Actualmente, todos los pacientes están vivos con una función biventricular ecocardiográfica adecuada. Conclusiones: En centros con experiencia, se puede realizar la reparación primaria de Yasui en el periodo neonatal con resultados satisfactorios.

Resumen: En la edad pediátrica la reparación valvular mitral es el tratamiento de elección siempre que sea posible, ya que no altera el crecimiento valvular y puede ser una solución a largo plazo. En los niños pequeños, especialmente en los menores de 2 años, si la reparación valvular no es posible, debemos intentar retrasar todo lo posible la sustitución valvular mitral, ya que presenta alta mortalidad, y además dado que el tamaño de la prótesis es fijo, no se adaptará al crecimiento somático del paciente, y requerirá recambio de la prótesis valvular.Cuando un paciente con patología mitral requiere tratamiento quirúrgico, si no es factible la reparación valvular, y el tamaño del anillo valvular es inferior a los 15 mm, las opciones son muy limitadas, ya que actualmente no existen prótesis mecánicas tan pequeñas. En este artículo recogemos las opciones terapéuticas para los pacientes con anillo valvular inferior a 15 mm que podemos encontrar en la literatura, algunas de ellas descritas como casos clínicos, o series con un pequeño tamaño muestral, lo que dificulta sacar conclusiones. También describimos un esquema de decisión, que podría ayudarnos a elegir cual es el tratamiento más adecuado, en función del tamaño del anillo valvular mitral, aunque debemos tener en cuenta que la elección de uno u otro tratamiento, dependerá de múltiples factores, como las características anatómicas, la experiencia del cirujano con las distintas técnicas, y los recursos disponibles. Abstract: In pediatric age, mitral valve repair is the treatment of choice whenever possible, since it does not alter valve growth and can be a long-term solution. In young children, especially those under 2 years of age, if valve repair is not possible, we should try to delay mitral valve replacement as much as possible, since it presents high mortality, and also since the size of the prosthesis is fixed, it will not adapt to the somatic growth of the patient, and will require replacement of the valve prosthesis.When a patient with mitral pathology requires surgical treatment, if valve repair is not feasible, and the size of the valve annulus is less than 15 mm, the options are very limited, since there are currently no such small mechanical prostheses. In this article we collect the therapeutic options for patients with a valve annulus less than 15 mm that we can find in the literature, some of them described as clinical cases, or series with a small sample size, which makes it difficult to draw conclusions. We also describe a decision scheme, which could help us choose which is the most appropriate treatment, depending on the size of the mitral valve annulus, although we must keep in mind that the choice of one or another treatment will depend on multiple factors, such as the characteristics anatomical, the surgeon's experience with the different techniques, and the available resources.

The fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe is frequently used as a genetically manipulable model system, offering valuable understandings into cellular mechanisms. In the present study, a comprehensive step-by-step methodology for the research of the action mechanisms and detoxification by efflux pumps is showed. The protocol involves the thawing and culture of yeast cells in liquid medium under controlled conditions to ensure exponential growth. After that, a dose-response assessment is carried out by culturing wild-type cells in liquid medium, followed by exposure to increasing concentrations of the toxic substances. Optical density measurements are taken spectrophotometrically after exposure, and the process is repeated at least three times for quantitative analysis. Subsequently, defective mutants are selected to explore specific mechanisms of action or detoxification by efflux pumps, with cultures prepared and treated similarly to the wild type. Optical density measurements are again taken after exposure for quantitative analysis. This methodology ensures robust and reproducible results for the research toxic substances effects on S. pombe. - Schizosaccharomyces pombe is an adequate tool to evaluate contaminants toxicity. - Dose-responses curves are obtained on wild type to evaluate toxicity mechanisms. - This methodology ensures robust and reproducible results for the research toxic substances effects on S. pombe.

Abstract Background Heat stress has severe negative consequences on performance and health of pigs, leading to significant economic losses. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of supplemental vitamin E and a botanical extract in feed or drinking water on growth performance, intestinal health, and oxidative and immune status in growing pigs housed under heat stress conditions. Methods Duplicate experiments were conducted, each using 64 crossbred pigs with an initial body weight of 50.7 ± 3.8 and 43.9 ± 3.6 kg and age of 13-week and 12-week, respectively. Pigs (n = 128) were housed individually and assigned within weight blocks and sex to a 2 × 4 factorial arrangement consisting of 2 environments (thermo-neutral (21.2 °C) or heat-stressed (30.9 °C)) and 4 supplementation treatments (control diet; control + 100 IU/L of D-α-tocopherol in water; control + 200 IU/kg of DL-α-tocopheryl-acetate in feed; or control + 400 mg/kg of a botanical extract in feed). Results Heat stress for 28 d reduced (P ≤ 0.001) final body weight, average daily gain, and average daily feed intake (−7.4 kg, −26.7%, and −25.4%, respectively) but no effects of supplementation were detected (P > 0.05). Serum vitamin E increased (P

Ticks are obligate hematophagous ectoparasites that affect animals, and some of them transmit a wide range of pathogens including viruses, bacteria, and protozoa to both animals and humans. Several vaccines have shown immunogenicity and protective efficacy against ticks in animal models and definitive hosts. After several decades on anti-tick vaccine research, only a commercial vaccine based on a recombinant antigen is currently available. In this context, plants offer three decades of research and development on recombinant vaccine production to immunize hosts and as a delivery vehicle platform. Despite the experimental advances in plant-made vaccines to control several parasitosis and infectious diseases, no vaccine prototype has been developed against ticks. This review examines a panorama of ticks of veterinary importance, recombinant vaccine experimental developments, plant-made vaccine platforms, and perspectives on using this technology as well as the opportunities and limitations in the field of tick vaccine research.

Disease severity, illness intrusiveness, and health locus of control (HLC) each contribute to psychosocial wellbeing in patients with congestive heart failure (CHF). To better understand the relationships between these variables regarding anxiety symptoms, we analyzed data from 116 adult male veterans with comorbid CHF and anxiety. Results suggested that illness intrusiveness significantly mediated the relation of CHF severity to anxiety symptom severity, and that the illness intrusiveness domains of physical well-being/diet, work/finances, and other aspects of life (religious/spirituality, community/civic, self-improvement/expression) were also significant mediators of that relationship. The relation of illness intrusiveness to anxiety was not moderated by internal HLC. Findings highlight the importance of assessing and treating various aspects of illness intrusiveness to manage anxiety symptoms in CHF patients.

Weight concern and body image dissatisfaction continue to be understudied among African American and Hispanic women. To address the gap in the extant literature, this study examined a sample of Hispanic and African American women (N = 477, Meanage = 43.7 years) and explored (a) differences in weight concern and body image dissatisfaction; (b) the contribution of perceived weight status and body image dissatisfaction to weight concern; and (c) the extent to which the association between body image dissatisfaction and weight concern was moderated by ethnicity. Participants completed a health survey and a figure rating scale. The findings indicated that Hispanic women compared to African American women endorsed smaller silhouettes as an ideal body size (χ2(7, n = 436) = 22.36, p = 0.002, Cramer’s V = 0.23). More Hispanic women (77%) than African American women (62%) had a discrepancy between their perceived actual and ideal body size. The relationship between body image dissatisfaction and weight concern varied by ethnicity. That is, the relationship between body image dissatisfaction and weight concern was statistically significant among African American women (β = 0.21, p = 0.008) but was insignificant among Hispanic women (β = 0.11, p = 0.135). This study has implications regarding the identification of risk factors associated with weight concern.

IntroductionSex differences in prenatal growth may contribute to sex-dependent programming effects on postnatal phenotype. MethodsWe integrated for the first time phenotypic, histomorphological, clinico-chemical, endocrine and gene expression analyses in a single species, the bovine conceptus at mid-gestation. ResultsWe demonstrate that by mid-gestation, before the onset of accelerated growth, the female conceptus displays asymmetric lower growth compared to males. Female fetuses were smaller with lower ponderal index and organ weights than males. However, their brain:body weight, brain:liver weight and heart:body weight ratios were higher than in males, indicating brain and heart ‘sparing’. The female placenta weighed less and had lower volumes of trophoblast and fetal connective tissue than the male placenta. Female umbilical cord vessel diameters were smaller, and female-specific relationships of body weight and brain:liver weight ratios with cord vessel diameters indicated that the umbilico-placental vascular system creates a growth-limiting environment where blood flow is redistributed to protect brain and heart growth. Clinico-chemical indicators of liver perfusion support this female-specific growth-limiting phenotype, while lower insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) gene expression in brain and heart, and lower circulating IGF2, implicate female-specific modulation of key endocrine mediators by nutrient supply. ConclusionThis mode of female development may increase resilience to environmental perturbations in utero and contribute to sex-bias in programming outcomes including susceptibility to non-communicable diseases.

The brown dog tick, Rhipicephalus linnaei (Audouin, 1826), is distributed across the American continent and is formerly known as the “tropical lineage”. It belongs to the Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Latreille, 1806) species complex, referred to as R. sanguineus (sensu lato). Mitochondrial genome sequences are frequently used for the identification and represent reference material for field studies. In the present study, the entire mitochondrial genomes of R. linnaei (∼15 kb) collected from dogs in Mexico were sequenced and compared with available mitogenomes of R. sanguineus (s.l.). The mitochondrial genome is ∼90% identical to the reference genome of R. sanguineus (sensu stricto, former “temperate lineage”) and > 99% identical to R. linnaei mitogenome derived from the neotype. Two additional mitogenomes were obtained and described as R. linnaei and R. turanicus from dogs in Saudi Arabia. The present study delivers a molecular reference for R. linnaei from America and complements R. linnaei mitogenomes from Africa, Asia and Australia. We propose to consider the complete mitogenome, as the reference for American R. linnaei, even when partial mitochondrial cox1, 12S rRNA or 16S rRNA genes are characterised.

El objetivo de este artículo es estudiar la transmedialidad en el entorno periodístico en Ecuador, a partir de las narrativas digitales en las cuentas de redes sociales de los medios informativos del país. Con este propósito, se analizaron 3645 contenidos periodísticos publicados en febrero de 2022 en las páginas de Twitter e Instagram de seis medios informativos ecuatorianos: El Comercio, Expreso, El Universo, La Posta, GK y Primicias. A través del análisis de contenido cuantitativo, se estableció cómo ocurre el desarrollo de las narrativas en función de dos diferentes redes sociales en que los medios publican la información. El principal hallazgo es que los medios ecuatorianos están construyendo la transmedialidad a partir de contenidos independientes y diferenciados entre sí en distintas plataformas sociales.

Acaricides are the most widely used method to control the cattle tick Rhipicephalus microplus. However, its use increases production costs, contaminates food and the environment, and directly affects animal and human health. The intensive use of chemical control has resulted in the selection of genes associated with resistance to acaricides, and consumers are increasingly less tolerant of food contamination. This scenario has increased the interest of different research groups around the world for anti-tick vaccine development, in order to reduce the environmental impact, the presence of residues in food, and the harmful effects on animal and human health. There is enough evidence that vaccination with tick antigens induces protection against tick infestations, reducing tick populations and acaricide treatments. Despite the need for an anti-tick vaccine in Mexico, vaccination against ticks has been limited to one vaccine that is used in some regions. The aim of this review is to contribute to the discussion on tick control issues and provide a reference for readers interested in the importance of using anti-tick vaccines encouraging concerted action on the part of Mexican animal health authorities, livestock organizations, cattle producers, and academics. Therefore, it is suggested that an anti-tick vaccine should be included as a part of an integrated tick management program in Mexico.

Despite an upregulation in anergic B cells, N-myc downstream-regulated gene 1 (NDRG1) is not required for the tolerogenic downstream responses, reducing risk of immune modulation on targeting of NDRG1 for cancer therapeutics.

Introduction: In the context of healthy aging, the prevention of cardiovascular diseases is a challenge. Objective: To design a scale, based on identified risk factors, for predicting mortality due to cardiovascular affection in elderly. Methods: An analytic, observational and retrospective case-control study was carried out that included 536 elderly over 60 years, belonging to 3 health areas (Ramón López Peña, Municipal and 28 de Septiembre polyclinics) from Santiago de Cuba municipality, during 2021. The scale was derived from the analysis of binary logistical regression of the identified cardiovascular risk factors. Results: As the score of the scale increased, the percentage of dead patients increased. The area under the curve was of 0.836 (p = 0.000) and in the Hosmer-Lemeshow test was obtained p = 1.000. Conclusions: The proposed scale allowed predicting mortality due to cardiovascular affection in elderly, with very good discrimination capacity and calibration.

La lectoescritura posibilita la comunicación e interacción de las personas con el mundo. En el caso de estudiantes de educación media superior, esta actividad se refleja en el rendimiento escolar y es fundamental para adquirir otros aprendizajes. Cuando el estudiante no ha desarrollado correctamente esta habilidad, se convierte en un problema que afecta todas sus dimensiones relacionales. Por este motivo se planteó identificar las principales dificultades que enfrenta el alumnado en relación con los códigos de lectoescritura en educación media superior, así como el contexto de producción de los escritos. La metodología se basó en el enfoque cualitativo de carácter exploratorio, utilizando el método de análisis de contenido. La información se obtuvo mediante la recolección de 100 documentos elaborados por 20 estudiantes de primer año de educación media superior de una institución privada del Estado de Puebla. El análisis y categorización de los escritos se realizó con el software ATLAS.ti versión 9.0.7. Los resultados que se muestran en este trabajo parten del análisis de tres textos de producción estudiantil: cuaderno de viaje, ensayo y anecdotario. Se concluye que las prácticas de lectoescritura muestran los rasgos que definen las competencias comunicativas asimiladas en el transcurso de la vida escolar, su funcionamiento y cómo se relacionan los y las estudiantes con la sociedad. Lo que permite reflexionar sobre el diseño de nuevas estrategias de enseñanza-aprendizaje de la lectoescritura. El análisis y categorización de los escritos se realizó con el software ATLAS.ti versión 9.0.7. Los resultados que se muestran en este trabajo parten del análisis de tres textos de producción estudiantil: cuaderno de viaje, ensayo y anecdotario. Se concluye que las prácticas de lectoescritura muestran los rasgos que definen las competencias comunicativas asimiladas en el transcurso de la vida escolar, su funcionamiento y cómo se relacionan los estudiantes con la sociedad. Lo que permite reflexionar sobre el diseño de nuevas estrategias de enseñanza-aprendizaje de la lectoescritura.

La abundancia y diversidad de la ictiofauna fueron investigadas utilizando el método de censo visual estacionario en el arrecife costero que se desarrolla a lo largo de la costa occidental de Ciudad de la Habana. Los muestreos se realizaron en febrero-marzo y en junio del 2000. En cada período se realizaron 240 censos en 60 estaciones repartidas en 15 sitios de muestreo y a profundidades entre los 3 y los 18 metros. En sitios seleccionados se capturaron ejemplares de varias especies para determinar su longitud. El número total de especies de peces teleósteos fue 116. Las especies dominantes fueron Thalassoma bifasciatum, Stegastes partitus, Halichoeres bivittatus y Acanthurus bahianus, las cuales respondieron por más del 50 % de los individuos contados. Las categorías tróficas dominantes fueron los comedores de invertebrados pequeños, los herbívoros y los omnívoros, mientras que los depredadores grandes (pargos, chernas, jureles) estuvieron ausentes. Los valores de la diversidad total (Indice de Shannon) fueron mayores en el área cerca de la Bahía de la Habana. Este resultado se debió a la menor dominancia de T. bifasciatum y S. partitus en esta área, lo que provocó un aumento de la equitatividad. Se discute el efecto que tienen los factores naturales, la sobrepesca, la sedimentación, la eutrofización y la contaminación en la composición observada de ictiofauna.

La abundancia de los peces más comunes en un arrecife costero de Ciudad de La Habana fue estimada a partir de censos visuales realizados mensualmente desde julio del 2001 hasta junio del 2003. El sitio de trabajo fue dividido en cinco biotopos según las características del fondo. En cada uno de los biotopos se hicieron cinco conteos al azar en un cuadrado de 5m de lado. Se contaron todos los individuos de las especies Stegastes partitus (Poey, 1868), Thalassoma bifasciatum (Bloch, 1791), Halichoeres bivittatus (Bloch, 1791) y Acanthurus bahianus (Castelnau, 1855). La mayoría de las especies tuvieron su máximo de abundancia en la época de lluvia y a la profundidad de 12-15 m. Stegastes partitus y Thalassoma bifasciatum fueron las especies más abundantes y presentan dos máximos de abundancia, uno en febrero y otro en junio y agosto respectivamente. Los juveniles de Halichoeres bivittatus predominaron hacia los 15m de profundidad y los adultos se concentraron hacia los 3m, lo que sugiere que esta especie desova en aguas someras y su asentamiento como juveniles, después de la etapa larval, es en aguas más profundas. Acanthurus bahianus fue la especie más escasa de las estudiadas.

El objetivo general de la investigación fue evaluar los efectos a nivel ovárico que provoca la contaminació proveniente de tierra en la especie Stegastes partitus, haciendo énfasis en el proceso de la atresia. Fueron analizados histológicamente los ovarios de 12 peces provenientes de tres sitios con diferente grado de contaminación de la zona arrecifal del litoral habanero: la entrada de la bahía de La Habana, BR, la desembocadura del río Almendares, RIO, y un sitio de referencia, C30. Se obtuvieron diferencias significativas entre sitios en cuanto a la aparición de oocitos atrésicos vitelogénicos. El RIO presentó valores significativamente más altos, mientras que en BR y C30 la frecuencia de estos fue mucho menor. El índice gonadosomático, por el contrario, tuvo valores más bajos en la zona de RIO. En RIO se encuentren los mayores índices de atresia y de centros melanomacrofágicos, unido a los menores valores del índice gonadosomático, esto pudiera ser reflejo de las condiciones ambientales degradadas en este sitio, particularmente la contaminación. En este trabajo se describen por primera vez para S. partitus, tres estadios de la atresia. El inicial se caracteriza por la ruptura de la envoltura nuclear del oocito y por el ondulamiento de la zona radiata; el intermedio caracterizado por la fusión de algunos glóbulos de vitelo y porque las células foliculares presentan características fagocíticas y el estadio final donde hay pérdida total de la zona radiata. En este último, además, aparecen los cuerpos melanomacrofágicos.

Se presenta una revisión sobre los elasmobranquios en la pesquería de arrastre de camarón. La fauna acompañante de camarón (FAC) está compuesta por una gran diversidad de especies en la que predominan los peces. La poca selectividad del arrastre de camarón se ejemplifica en la proporción de la fauna acompañante que supera a la captura objetivo. En varios estudios se señala que los elasmobranquios que componen las capturas incidentales son principalmente juveniles. Las familias de elasmobranquios más representadas en la FAC son Dasyatidae y Carcharhinidae. Como consecuencia de esta pesquería, se plantean cambios en las asociaciones de los elasmobranquios, conreducciones en la media del nivel trófico y en la talla de las capturas. En general, se capturan mayor número de rayas que de tiburones. La escasez de estudios dedicados a la captura de elasmobranquios como fauna incidental en los arrastres de camarón, pone de manifiesto la necesidad de dedicar esfuerzos en este tipo de investigaciones queaportan conocimientos para mejorar el manejo de este grupo.

Resumen: Objetivos: El objetivo de este estudio es reportar nuestra casuística en cirugía de la anomalía de Ebstein en los últimos 10 años, analizar las consideraciones para la toma de decisiones quirúrgicas en el neonato y presentar nuestros resultados en la cirugía del «cono» de Da Silva. Métodos: Estudio observacional retrospectivo que incluye a 11 pacientes con diagnóstico de anomalía de Ebstein operados en nuestro centro desde enero de 2011 hasta agosto de 2021. A 2 neonatos se les realizó cirugía de Starnes y a 9 (fuera del período neonatal) cirugía del «cono» de Da Silva. Resultados: Los 2 neonatos en el seguimiento se encuentran en situación de Fontan y en clase funcional i (New York Heart Association). La edad media del grupo de pacientes operados fuera del período neonatal fue de 9,1 ± 6 años. No hubo mortalidad hospitalaria ni en el seguimiento. Como complicaciones postoperatorias, un paciente salió en ECMO de quirófano por disfunción ventricular derecha grave. No hubo bloqueo AV. El seguimiento medio fue de 5,3 años. El ecocardiograma transtorácico de seguimiento demostró una reducción significativa de la insuficiencia tricuspídea de 3,7 ± 0,6 a 1,1 ± 0,9 (p

Introduction: Resilience is a dynamic concept that has been conceptualized with different approaches and research methods. The purpose of this research is to describe what parents understand by resilience in their prepuberalchildren. Material and Method: A sample of 267 parents were asked about their perception of the resilience of their children, between 9 and 12 years old. A quantitative methodology was used. Results: Parents consider resilience as a general capacity for adaptation, highlighting emotional regulation and cognitive processing as central components of individual resilience capacities, also highlighting the role of adults in their learning and activation. Conclusions: This study approaches the understanding of resilience capacities that make sense to parents or not in the development of parental promotion and psychoeducation programs, helping to improve their elaboration.

In this comprehensive review study, we addressed the challenge posed by ticks and tick-borne diseases (TBDs) with growing incidence affecting human and animal health worldwide. Data and perspectives were collected from different countries and regions worldwide, including America, Europe, Africa, Asia, and Oceania. The results updated the current situation with ticks and TBD and how it is perceived by society with information bias and gaps. The study reinforces the importance of multidisciplinary and international collaborations to advance in the surveillance, communication and proposed future directions to address these challenges.

Introduction: Calcium flux is the master second messenger that influences the proliferation–apoptosis balance. The ability of calcium flux alterations to reduce cell growth makes ion channels interesting targets for therapy. Among all, we focused on transient receptor potential vanilloid 1, a ligand-gated cation channel with selectivity for calcium. Its involvement in hematological malignancies is poorly investigated, especially in the field of chronic myeloid leukemia, a malignancy characterized by the accumulation of immature cells.Methods: FACS analysis, Western blot analysis, gene silencing, and cell viability assay were performed to investigate the activation of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1, by N-oleoyl-dopamine, in chronic myeloid leukemia cell lines.Results: We demonstrated that the triggering of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 inhibits cell growth and promotes apoptosis of chronic myeloid leukemia cells. Its activation induced calcium influx, oxidative stress, ER stress, mitochondria dysfunction, and caspase activation. Interestingly, a synergistic effect exerted by N-oleoyl-dopamine and the standard drug imatinib was found.Conclusion: Overall, our results support that transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 activation could be a promising strategy to enhance conventional therapy and improve the management of chronic myeloid leukemia.

The wide range of symptoms of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) makes it challenging to predict the disease evolution using a single parameter. Therefore, to describe the pathophysiological response to SARS-CoV-2 infection in hospitalized patients with severe COVID-19, we compared according to survival or death, the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, the biochemical and immunological attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectra from saliva samples and their correlation with chemometric findings. Herein, we demonstrate that ATR-FTIR spectroscopy allows the description of the events related to cell damage, such as lipids biogenesis and the secondary structure of proteins associated with lactate dehydrogenase and albumin levels. Moreover, humoral (IgM) and cellular (IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-10, and IL-6) responses were also increased in patients who died from COVID-19.

El uso del vídeo en la educación literaria va ganando terreno en el aula con la diseminación tecnológica y de redes sociales. Más allá de la visualización de adaptaciones cinematográficas, docentes y alumnos empiezan a producir vídeos propios con objetivos de educación literaria y lingüística. En este contexto, nos preguntamos cómo se desarrolla esta práctica en la educación secundaria, con qué características (géneros, temas, estilos, audiencias) y metodologías (objetivos, evaluación, andamiajes, interacción) y con qué grado de satisfacción. A partir del análisis de contenido de 102 vídeos discentes y de 11 entrevistas semiestructuradas a docentes experimentados, concluimos que es una práctica emergente, diversa y motivadora, centrada en el desarrollo de la competencia literaria y lingüística, que sitúa al aprendiz en el centro de la clase, fomenta el aprendizaje cooperativo y facilita la apropiación personal de contenidos curriculares. Se producen vídeos breves, técnicamente variados, que exigen destrezas orales y escritas específicas, receptivas y productivas, que manejan contenidos literarios diversos, según la aproximación más historicista o competencial de la educación literaria.

Abstract Mycotoxins represent a major concern for human and animal health because of their harmful effects and high occurrence in food and feed. Rapid immunoanalytical methods greatly contribute to strengthening the safety of our food supply by efficiently monitoring chemical contaminants, so high-affinity and specific antibodies have been generated for almost all internationally regulated mycotoxins. The only exception is patulin, a mycotoxin mainly produced by Penicillium expansum for which such a target has not yet been achieved. Accordingly, no point-of-need tests commonly used in food immunodiagnostics are commercially available for patulin. In the present study, three functionalized derivatives conforming to generally accepted rules in hapten design were firstly tested to generate suitable antibodies for the sensitive immunodetection of patulin. However, these conventional bioconjugates were unable to elicit the desired immune response, so an alternative strategy that takes advantage of the high electrophilic reactivity of patulin was explored. Patulin was reacted with 4-bromothiophenol, and the obtained adduct was used to produce antibodies with nanomolar affinity values. These results demonstrated for the first time that targeting the adduct resulting from the reaction of patulin with a thiol-containing compound is a promising approach for developing user-friendly immunoanalytical techniques for this elusive mycotoxin.

Relying on a qualitative methodology combining narrative and visual analysis, this article discusses the Chilean television series Ramona (Wood Producciones, 2017-2018). Collecting data through a reception diary, a close viewing of the twelve episodes of the show, and highlighting key features of its conditions of production, we argue that Ramona contributes to better understand Wood’s work and characterize its authorship (regarding issues, aesthetics, and narrative). Wood’s authorship has been studied by analyzing his films but not his television’s productions. The analysis also demonstrates that Ramona inserts History (and it is embedded on it) through its visual grammar and by using references operating as nostalgic clues. Within such paths of reading, Ramona contributes to Chilean memory and identity and to better comprehend nostalgia’s role in contemporary television fiction. Finally, despite its very local remarks, Ramona also evokes larger processes common to Latin American’s contemporary history, such as rural-to-urban migration, the lack of housing, the urban poverty, the emergence of masses (sujeto popular), and grassroots political movements.

A new species of microgastrine wasp, Cotesia cassina Salgado-Neto, Vásquez & Whitfield, sp. nov., is described from southwestern Colombia in Tumaco, Nariño. This species is a koinobiont gregarious larval endoparasitoid, and spins a common mass of cocoons underneath the host caterpillars of Opsiphanes cassina (Felder & Felder) (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae), feeding on oil palm trees (interspecific hybrid Elaeis oleifera × E. guineensis) (Arecaceae). While superficially similar, both morphologically and biologically, to C. invirae Salgado-Neto & Whitfield from southern Brazil, the two species are distinct based on DNA barcodes, host species, geographical range and morphological characters.

ABSTRACT The Genomics Education Partnership (GEP) engages students in a course-based undergraduate research experience (CURE). To better understand the student attributes that support success in this CURE, we asked students about their attitudes using previously published scales that measure epistemic beliefs about work and science, interest in science, and grit. We found, in general, that the attitudes students bring with them into the classroom contribute to two outcome measures, namely, learning as assessed by a pre- and postquiz and perceived self-reported benefits. While the GEP CURE produces positive outcomes overall, the students with more positive attitudes toward science, particularly with respect to epistemic beliefs, showed greater gains. The findings indicate the importance of a student’s epistemic beliefs to achieving positive learning outcomes.

Background: The current study examined sociosexual attitudes and desires as mediators of the relationship between trait depression and sexual risk behaviors (SRB). Method: Iranian Americans (n = 152) were recruited and path analyses tested a serial mediation model including the direct and indirect effects of trait depression levels on SRB. Results: Trait depression had a significant, indirect effect on SRB through sociosexual attitudes and desires scores, with an indirect effect estimate -.02, SE = 0.01, 95% CI [-0.05, -0.04]. Limitations: Study limitations included the use of self-report measures and the lack of longitudinal data. Conclusions: Increased levels of trait depression were associated with more unrestricted sociosexual attitudes and desires which, in turn, led to greater levels of sexual risk behaviors. The study findings can serve to inform sexual health interventions for Iranian American adults.

Muchas especies de la familia Serranidae son hermafroditas y tienen importancia comercial. Paranthias colonus pertenece a esta familia, y no se conocen las características de su reproducción. La presente investigación se llevó a cabo con ejemplares provenientes de la pesca comercial en la costa sur de Jalisco, México. En total, fueron procesados 1,541 ejemplares, los cuales presentaron una longitud media de 30.30 ± 0.10 cm y un intervalo de longitud de 19.80 a 38.00 cm. Las gónadas de los ejemplares fueron analizadas macro y microscópicamente. La proporción de sexos fue de 1.00:0.97 (H:M). De acuerdo con los valores mensuales máximos del índice gonadosomático, los estadios de madurez gonadal y el diámetro de los ovocitos, P. colonus presenta 2 periodos reproductivos amplios, de marzo a junio y de noviembre a diciembre. Se encontró correlación significativa entre los valores medios mensuales del índice gonadosomático y el factor de condición relativo. Las gónadas en estadio maduro presentaron ovocitos en 6 fases de desarrollo diferentes y con diámetros de 14.30 a 417.40 µm, lo que supone que el desarrollo de los ovocitos es asincrónico. En el testículo, el desarrollo de la línea germinal es del tipo lobular no restringido. Este órgano no presentó un arreglo típico de un pez teleósteo, ya que los lóbulos parecen estar delimitados por lamelas. La información generada en este estudio indica que P. colonus es una especie gonocórica. La longitud media de madurez fue de 26.80 cm en hembras y 26.90 cm en machos. Las longitudes medias de captura indicaron que el 79.70% de las hembras y el 83.30% de los machos ya se habían reproducido por lo menos una vez antes de ser capturados.

Evaluating teachers' social-emotional competence is key to studying the effectiveness of education systems. This competence tends to be measured through self-reports, which might lead to a distorted vision. As an alternative, situational judgement tests have emerged. The present work seeks to adapt the Test of Regulation in and Understanding of Social Situations in Teaching (TRUST) to Spanish. The study involved 503 teachers from schools who teach in primary (n = 198, 106 female) or secondary education (n = 305, 201 female). Average age was 45.07 (SD = 9.94), and teachers had an average of 16.77 years' professional experience (SD = 10.17). In addition to responding to the TRUST, those who took part also responded to the ICQ-15, TEIQue-SF, and ERQ questionnaires. Confirmatory factor analysis provided a good fit of the two-factor model (emotional regulation and relationship management): [chi squared] (89) = 198.49, p < 0.001, CFI = 0.93, TLI = 0.92, RMSEA = 0.049, 90% CI [0.040, 0.059], SRMR = 0.042, as well as reliability and convergent validity. Factorial invariance is seen to hold amongst both women and men as well as between teachers who teach at different stages of the education system. The Spanish version of TRUST emerges as a valid and reliable tool for measuring teachers' level of social-emotional competence, both in the Spanish education system at basic levels as well as with Spanish-speaking teachers from various countries, since situations are presented which are common in any type of school.

This arts-practice research study explores what happens when preservice high school teachers (aka teacher-learners) and local refugee communities engage in the co-creation of art together via an arts-and community-based project. Grounded in social justice teacher education, the researchers conducted a 2-week workshop in which participants included preservice high school teachers and local Yazidi community members who explored art in a museum together, spent time getting to know each other and their backgrounds, and re-created some of their stories in the form of dance. Findings reveal a variety of ways in which the workshops helped teacher-learners develop interculturality, increase understanding of migration, become more caring educators, and make personal connections that allowed them to disrupt stereotypes. In addition, the study includes the voices of Yazidi community members and what they want teachers to know about working with refugee children.

RESUMEN Objetivos: Describir el perfil de los pacientes hospitalizados en la unidad de ortogeriatría de un hospital terciario en lo que respecta a su patrón evacuador e identificar la satisfacción de aquellos durante la hospitalización y los posibles motivos de insatisfacción. Metodología: Estudio descriptivo y transversal sobre 200 personas mayores de 65 años ingresadas en la Unidad de Ortogeriatría del Hospital Vall d'Hebron (Barcelona). Variables: sociodemográficas (edad y sexo), polifarmacia, consumo de fibra, consumo de laxantes previo y durante la hospitalización, ingesta hídrica, consumo de mórficos durante la hospitalización, movilización precoz, estreñimiento crónico (Escala Roma III), satisfacción del patrón evacuador tanto en domicilio como durante la hospitalización, principales síntomas y factores desencadenantes de la posible insatisfacción. Resultados: Predominio del sexo femenino (77%) frente al masculino (23%), edad media 83,92 años. Destaca polifarmacia (>5 fármacos) (63%), consumo de opiáceos (57,5%), automedicación de laxantes (52,5%), insatisfacción del patrón evacuador durante el ingreso (65%) respecto al previo (38%) y estreñimiento crónico (25%) según criterios Roma III. El síntoma más descrito por los pacientes es el esfuerzo excesivo para evacuar (60%) y la demora en la respuesta de la llamada (43,84%). Se identificaron 8 factores que explican hasta el 61,25% de la varianza total. Conclusión: El estudio ha permitido identificar los factores relacionados con el perfil de los pacientes hospitalizados en la Unidad de Ortogeriatría del Hospital Vall d'Hebron en lo que respecta a su patrón evacuador e identificar la satisfacción respecto al patrón de eliminación durante la hospitalización y los posibles motivos de insatisfacción.

Abstract Spirotetramat is employed worldwide to fight insect pests due to its high efficiency. This chemical is quickly metabolized by plants into spirotetramat-enol, so current regulations establish that both compounds must be determined in foodstuffs for monitoring purposes. Nowadays, immunochemical methods constitute rapid and cost-effective strategies for chemical contaminant analysis at trace levels. However, high-affinity binders and suitable bioconjugates are required. In this study, haptens with opposite functionalisation sites were synthesized in order to generate high-affinity monoclonal antibodies. A direct competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with an IC50 value for the sum of spirotetramat and spirotetramat-enol of 0.1 μg/L was developed using selected antibodies and a novel heterologous bioconjugate carrying a rationally-designed hapten. Studies with fortified grape, grape juice, and wine samples showed good precision and accuracy values, with limits of quantification well below the maximum residue limits. Excellent correlation of results was observed with a standard reference chromatographic method. As a step forward, a lateral flow immunoassay was developed for onsite screening analysis of spirotetramat in wine. This assay was successfully validated according to Regulation 519/2014/EU for semi-quantitative methods at concentrations in line with the legal levels of spirotetramat and spirotetramat-enol in grapes, with a satisfactory false suspect rate below 2%.

This study was conducted to evaluate the growth performance and carcass characteristics of finishing steers fed diets containing different feed additives: control (CTL; no feed additives); monensin [26 mg/kg dry matter (DM); MON]; a blend of cinnamaldehyde, eugenol, and capsicum (120 mg of a commercial product/kg DM; XT), or the combination of monensin and the blend of cinnamaldehyde, eugenol, and capsicum (26 mg/kg DM and 120 mg of a commercial product/kg DM, respectively; MON + XT). A total of 860 steers [initial body weight (BW) = 334 kg] were fed the basal diet (7% alfalfa hay and 93% concentrate; DM basis) containing the treatments during 154 days. Feed additives did not affect final BW, DM intake, average daily gain, and feed efficiency of finishing steers (P ≥ 0.12). Dressing percentage was lower for MON + XT than MON and XT (P = 0.01). Feeding XT tended to increase the percentage of the carcass with a small marbling score compared to MON (P = 0.09). The proportion of carcass grading premium choice tended to be greater for steers fed MON compared to XT (P = 0.07). The feed additives evaluated herein did not affect the growth performance of finishing beef steers and had little effects on carcass characteristics.

Introduction and objectives: Caffeine consumption is associated with beneficial effects on hepatic disorders. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the antifibrotic effects of caffeine on experimental nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) induced with a high-fat, high-sucrose, high-cholesterol diet (HFSCD), as well as to evaluate the ability of caffeine to prevent the progression of experimental liver fibrosis induced by the administration of thioacetamide (TAA) in rats and explore the mechanisms of action. Methods: NASH and fibrosis were induced in rats by the administration of an HFSCD for 15 weeks, and liver fibrosis was induced by intraperitoneal administration of 200 mg/kg TAA 3 times per week, for 6 weeks. Caffeine was administered at a dose of 50 mg/kg body weight. The effects of diet, TAA, and caffeine on fibrosis were evaluated by biochemical and histological examinations. The profibrotic pathways were analyzed by western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Results: Rats exhibited liver fibrosis after HFSCD feeding and the administration of TAA. Caffeine could reduce the hepatic level of collagen and the fibrotic area in the liver. Caffeine prevented the progression of liver fibrosis by decreasing transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), and alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) expression and by inhibiting the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and Smad3 phosphorylation. Conclusions: Caffeine attenuates NASH and the progression of liver fibrosis due to its antifibrotic effects and modulating the MAPK and TGF-β pathways. Therefore, caffeine could be a suitable candidate for treating liver diseases associated with fibrosis.

Resumen: Introducción y objetivos: La hipertensión pulmonar tromboembólica crónica es una rara consecuencia de la embolia pulmonar aguda. La cirugía de tromboendarterectomía pulmonar es el tratamiento de elección. Cuando la afectación es distal (nivel iii anatomoquirúrgico o segmentario) supone un mayor desafío quirúrgico y presenta mayor riesgo de morbimortalidad perioperatoria. Analizamos los resultados de la tromboendarterectomía pulmonar en pacientes con hipertensión pulmonar tromboembólica crónica nivel i-ii y nivel iii en nuestro centro. Métodos: Desde febrero de 1996, hemos realizado 290 tromboendarterectomías pulmonares consecutivas, 260 con seguimiento mínimo de un año (media de 67 meses [rango 17-279]). Dividimos esta población en grupo 1 (210 pacientes con hipertensión pulmonar tromboembólica crónica nivel i y ii) y grupo 2 (50 pacientes con hipertensión pulmonar tromboembólica crónica nivel iii [19%]) Resultados: La supervivencia al año fue del 94% en el grupo 1 y del 96% en el grupo 2, a los 3 años, del 93 y el 96%, y a los 5 años, del 90 y el 96%, respectivamente (p = 0,352). La mortalidad hospitalaria (6% vs. 4%, p = 0,473), la oxigenación con membrana extracorpórea perioperatoria (6% vs. 0%, p = 0,058), la tasa de ventilación mecánica de más de 48 horas (34% vs. 42%, p = 0,306) y la hipertensión pulmonar residual (resistencias vasculares pulmonares superiores a 400 dinas.s.cm−5) a los 6 meses de seguimiento (22% vs. 19%, p = 0,680) no presentaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas. Conclusiones: La tromboendarterectomía pulmonar en hipertensión pulmonar tromboembólica crónica con afectación distal o segmentaria, cuando es realizada en un centro experto, puede obtener resultados a corto-medio plazo excelentes y similares a los pacientes intervenidos con afectación más proximal. Abstract: Introduction and objectives: Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension is a rare consequence of an acute pulmonary embolism. Pulmonary thromboendarterectomy is the treatment of choice. It represents a greater surgical challenge in distal chronic thromboembolic disease (level iii, segmental). It also presents a higher risk of perioperative morbidity and mortality. We analyzed the results of pulmonary thromboendarterectomy in patients with level i-ii and level iii chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension in our center. Methods: Since February 1996, we have performed 290 consecutive pulmonary thromboendarterectomy, 260 of them with a minimum follow-up of one year (mean of 67 months [rank 17-279]). We divided this population into group 1 (210 patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension levels i and ii) and group 2 (50 patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension level iii [19%]). Results: Survival rate was 94% in group 1 and 96% in group 2 after one year, 93% and 96% after 3 years, and 90% and 96% after 5 years, respectively (P=.352). No statistically significant differences were found regarding hospital mortality (6% vs. 4%, P=.473), perioperative extracorporeal membrane oxigenation (6% vs. 0%, P=.058), the rate of mechanical ventilation for more 48 hours (34 vs. 42%, P=.306) and residual pulmonary hypertension (pulmonary vascular resistance greater than 400 dynes/sec/cm−5) at 6 months of follow-up (22% vs. 19%, P=.680). Conclusions: Pulmonary thromboendarterectomy in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension with distal involvement, when performed in an expert center, can obtain short-to-medium-term results excellent and similar to those of patients operated on with more proximal involvement.

Abstract Background Breast cancer (BC) is the second most common type of cancer worldwide. Among targeted therapies for Hormone Receptor-positive (HR+) and Human Epidermal growth factor Receptor 2-negative (HER2−) BC, the Cyclin-Dependent Kinases (CDK4/6) are targeted by inhibitors such as Ribociclib (Rib); however, resistance to CDK4/6 inhibitors frequently develops. The aim of this work is to assess in vitro activity of Rib and Everolimus (Eve) in HR+HER2− MCF-7 and HR−HER2−BT-549 BC cell lines. Methods HR+HER2− MCF-7 and HR−HER2− BT-549 BC cell lines were treated with increasing concentration of Rib and Eve (up to 80 μg/mL) for 48–72 h. Subsequently, HR+HER2− MCF-7 cells were silenced for Retinoblastoma (Rb) gene, and thus, the effect of Rib in sequential or concurrent schedule with Eve for the treatment of both Rb wild type or Rb knock-down MCF-7 in vitro was evaluated. Cell viability of HR+HER2− MCF-7cells treated with sequential and concurrent dosing schedule was analyzed by MTT assay. Moreover, cell cycle phases, cell death and senescence were evaluated by cytofluorimetric analysis after treatment with Rib or Eve alone or in combination. Results The sequential treatment didn’t produce a significant increase of cytotoxicity, compared to Rib alone. Instead, the cotreatment synergized to increase the cytotoxicity compared to Rib alone. The cotreatment reduced the percentage of cells in S and G2/M phases and induced apoptosis. Rib triggered senescence and Eve completely reversed this effect in Rb wild type BC cells. Rib also showed Rb-independent effects as shown by results in Rb knock-down MCF-7. Conclusion Overall, the Rib/Eve concurrent therapy augmented the in vitro cytotoxic effect, compared to Rib/Eve sequential therapy or single treatments.

Abstract Among the hybrid organic–inorganic perovskites MAPbX3 (MA: methyl-ammonium CH3–NH3 +, X = halogen), the triiodide specimen (MAPbI3) is still the material of choice for solar energy applications. Although it is able to absorb light above its 1.6 eV bandgap, its poor stability in humid air atmosphere has been a major drawback for its use in solar cells. However, we discovered that this perovskite can be prepared by ball milling in a straightforward way, yielding specimens with a superior stability. This fact allowed us to take atomic-resolution STEM images for the first time, with sufficient quality to unveil microscopic aspects of this material. We demonstrated full Iodine content, which might be related to the enhanced stability, in a more compact PbI6 framework with reduced unit-cell volume. A structural investigation from neutron powder diffraction (NPD) data of an undeuterated specimen was essential to determine the configuration of the organic MA unit in the 100–298 K temperature range. A phase transition is identified, from the tetragonal structure observed at RT (space group I4/mcm) to an orthorhombic (space group Pnma) phase where the methyl-ammonium organic units are fully localized. Our NPD data reveal that the MA changes are gradual and start before reaching the phase transition. Optoelectronic measurements yield a photocurrent peak at an illumination wavelength of 820 nm, which is redshifted by 30 nm with respect to previously reported measurements on MAPbI3 perovskites synthesized by crystallization from organic solvents.

Este artigo versa sobre o espaço do clássico no ensino da Arte, considerando a complexidade desse conceito que foi, ora referência central, ora território a ser evitado, nas diversas orientações para o ensino da Arte. Objetiva-se colocar face-a-face distintas concepções de abordagem dos clássicos nos processos de didatização da Arte, uma problemática central no âmbito das investigações sobre a formação de professores de arte no Observatório da Formação de Professores no âmbito do Ensino de Arte (OFPEA/BRARG). Para a construção da argumentação, a orientação metodológica adotada foi a pesquisa bibliográfica a partir de referenciais canônicos do ensino da Arte, também conhecidos como “clássicos” e de escritos atuais. Busca-se jogar luz sobre alguns critérios que têm dado corpo ao conceito de clássico assimilado pelos professores de arte e que marcam indelevelmente determinadas pinturas, músicas, romances, obras da dramaturgia, particularmente o caráter de permanência e a resistência dos clássicos aos embates do tempo (SAVIANI, 2013); que se impõem como inesquecíveis, trazendo marcas que atravessam os tempos e culturas (CALVINO, 2007). A reflexão conduz para a compreensão dos equívocos em rechaçar sumariamente os clássicos no Ensino da Arte, sob pena de negar aos estudantes elementos essenciais da relação que podemos estabelecer com a Arte.