Objectives: To evaluate perceptions about sexuality, implications of pregnancy in adolescence and its consequences and responsibilities, allowing to identify and reflect on the contributory factors and outcomes caused by early motherhood and fatherhood. Methods: Questionnaires regarding motherhood and fatherhood in adolescence and assessing knowledge of their contributing factors in the socio-cultural, economic and psychological dimension of young students in the city of Sorocaba. Results: The survey was conducted in five public schools, totalizing 233 students. Regarding sexuality, contraceptive methods and pregnancy, it was evidenced that 22.6% of adolescents search knowledge in the family, while 10.6% search medical advice. In addition, 64.4% of girls and 70.5% of boys had their first intercourse between 15 and 17 years old, with 64.8 and 22.8%, respectively, making little use of the male condom, or not at all. Finally, 89 and 92% of these consider teenage pregnancy to be harmful to their biopsychosocial formation. Early menarche, sexual intercourse and lack of knowledge about contraceptive methods can lead to unwanted pregnancies. Specific aspects of adolescence expose them to this risk and to sexually transmitted infections. The role of the family, health professionals and educators has fundamental importance, and their guidance and dialogue, without judgment, strongly impact the choices of young people. Conclusion: The cooperation between educators and health professionals extend the knowledge of young people about sex education, so that the health programs offered by the Unified Health System become effective in preventing sexually transmitted infections and early pregnancy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]