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4. Ancient genomes reveal over two thousand years of dingo population structure.

Author

Souilmi, Yassine, Wasef, Sally, Williams, Matthew P., Conroy, Gabriel, Bar, Ido, Bover, Pere, Dann, Jackson, Heiniger, Holly, Llamas, Bastien, Ogbourne, Steven, Archer, Michael, Ballard, J. William O., Reed, Elizabeth, Tobler, Raymond, Koungoulos, Loukas, Walshe, Keryn, Wright, Joanne L., Balme, Jane, O'Connor, Sue, and Cooper, Alan

Subjects
DOGS, DINGO, CANIDAE, FOSSIL DNA, AUSTRALIAN history
Abstract

Dingoes are culturally and ecologically important free-living canids whose ancestors arrived in Australia over 3,000 B.P., likely transported by seafaring people. However, the early history of dingoes in Australia--including the number of founding populations and their routes of introduction--remains uncertain. This uncertainty arises partly from the complex and poorly understood relationship between modern dingoes and New Guinea singing dogs, and suspicions that post-Colonial hybridization has introduced recent domestic dog ancestry into the genomes of many wild dingo populations. In this study, we analyzed genome-wide data from nine ancient dingo specimens ranging in age from 400 to 2,746 y old, predating the introduction of domestic dogs to Australia by European colonists. We uncovered evidence that the continent-wide population structure observed in modern dingo populations had already emerged several thousand years ago. We also detected excess allele sharing between New Guinea singing dogs and ancient dingoes from coastal New South Wales (NSW) compared to ancient dingoes from southern Australia, irrespective of any post-Colonial hybrid ancestry in the genomes of modern individuals. Our results are consistent with several demographic scenarios, including a scenario where the ancestry of dingoes from the east coast of Australia results from at least two waves of migration from source populations with varying affinities to New Guinea singing dogs. We also contribute to the growing body of evidence that modern dingoes derive little genomic ancestry from post-Colonial hybridization with other domestic dog lineages, instead descending primarily from ancient canids introduced to Sahul thousands of years ago. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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5. Genomic Consequences of Isolation and Inbreeding in an Island Dingo Population.

Author

Leon-Apodaca, Ana V, Kumar, Manoharan, Castillo, Andres del, Conroy, Gabriel C, Lamont, Robert W, Ogbourne, Steven, Cairns, Kylie M, Borburgh, Liz, Behrendorff, Linda, Subramanian, Sankar, and Szpiech, Zachary A

Subjects
WHOLE genome sequencing, POPULATION genetics, DINGO, GENETIC variation, REPRODUCTIVE isolation, INBREEDING
Abstract

Dingoes come from an ancient canid lineage that originated in East Asia around 8,000 to 11,000 years BP. As Australia's largest terrestrial predator, dingoes play an important ecological role. A small, protected population exists on a world heritage listed offshore island, K'gari (formerly Fraser Island). Concern regarding the persistence of dingoes on K'gari has risen due to their low genetic diversity and elevated inbreeding levels. However, whole-genome sequence data is lacking from this population. Here, we include five new whole-genome sequences of K'gari dingoes. We analyze a total of 18 whole-genome sequences of dingoes sampled from mainland Australia and K'gari to assess the genomic consequences of their demographic histories. Long (>1 Mb) runs of homozygosity (ROHs)—indicators of inbreeding—are elevated in all sampled dingoes. However, K'gari dingoes showed significantly higher levels of very long ROH (>5 Mb), providing genomic evidence for small population size, isolation, inbreeding, and a strong founder effect. Our results suggest that, despite current levels of inbreeding, the K'gari population is purging strongly deleterious mutations, which, in the absence of further reductions in population size, may facilitate the persistence of small populations despite low genetic diversity and isolation. However, there may be little to no purging of mildly deleterious alleles, which may have important long-term consequences, and should be considered by conservation and management programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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6. Using molecular and morphometric data as operational criteria for the analysis of a threatened rainforest species complex shows interspecific variation, with implications for cryptic-species delimitation and conservation.

Author

Brunton, Aaron J., Forster, Paul I., Ogbourne, Steven M., Rossetto, Maurizio, Schoeman, David S., and Conroy, Gabriel C.

Subjects
ENDANGERED species, MORPHOMETRICS, CONSERVATION genetics
Abstract

Resolution of systematic associations and species boundaries is vital for developing conservation priorities for threatened taxa. A complex of Fontainea (Euphorbiaceae) populations, endemic to rainforest communities in central-eastern Australia, comprises several taxonomically challenging species. Fontainea oraria is Critically Endangered, with only one natural population of 10 mature individuals, with the closely related species F. australis being listed as Vulnerable. A recently discovered Fontainea population (currently nominated as F. sp. Coffs Harbour) with taxonomic similarities to F. oraria has been provisionally listed as Critically Endangered, with fewer than 40 individuals. This study employed an integrative approach, combining genetic data and morphometrics to determine species boundaries for three threatened Fontainea population groups as a model system for an integrative approach to delimiting cryptic species. Although our results suggest the potential subdivision of the population groups into three taxa, caution is warranted because this hypothesis remains inconclusive. Taxonomic challenges demand a careful approach, acknowledging the possibility of alternative interpretations. Contrary to supporting distinct species, our morphological and genetic data may also be interpreted as indicative of a single species with geographic variation, a phenomenon observed in genetically linked populations experiencing isolation by distance. Overall, we highlight the need for further research to establish species limits to guide conservation actions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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10. Genomic consequences of isolation and inbreeding in an island dingo population

Author

Leon-Apodaca, Ana V., primary, Kumar, Manoharan, additional, del Castillo, Andres, additional, Conroy, Gabriel C., additional, Lamont, Robert W., additional, Ogbourne, Steven, additional, Cairns, Kylie M., additional, Borburgh, Liz, additional, Behrendorff, Linda, additional, Subramanian, Sankar, additional, and Szpiech, Zachary A, additional

Published
2023
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14. Understanding conflict among experts working on controversial species: A case study on the Australian dingo

Author

Donfrancesco, Valerio, primary, Allen, Benjamin L., additional, Appleby, Rob, additional, Behrendorff, Linda, additional, Conroy, Gabriel, additional, Crowther, Mathew S., additional, Dickman, Christopher R., additional, Doherty, Tim, additional, Fancourt, Bronwyn A., additional, Gordon, Christopher E., additional, Jackson, Stephen M., additional, Johnson, Chris N., additional, Kennedy, Malcolm S., additional, Koungoulos, Loukas, additional, Letnic, Mike, additional, Leung, Luke K.‐P., additional, Mitchell, Kieren J., additional, Nesbitt, Bradley, additional, Newsome, Thomas, additional, Pacioni, Carlo, additional, Phillip, Justine, additional, Purcell, Brad V., additional, Ritchie, Euan G., additional, Smith, Bradley P., additional, Stephens, Danielle, additional, Tatler, Jack, additional, van Eeden, Lily M., additional, and Cairns, Kylie M., additional

Published
2023
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20. Ecological and Cultural Understanding as a Basis for Management of a Globally Significant Island Landscape

Author

Walker, Kim E., primary, Baldwin, Claudia, additional, Conroy, Gabriel C., additional, Applegate, Grahame, additional, Archer-Lean, Clare, additional, Arthington, Angela H., additional, Behrendorff, Linda, additional, Gilby, Ben L., additional, Hadwen, Wade, additional, Henderson, Christopher J., additional, Jacobsen, Chris, additional, Lamb, David, additional, Lieske, Scott N., additional, Ogbourne, Steven M., additional, Olds, Andrew D., additional, Ota, Liz, additional, Ribbe, Joachim, additional, Sargent, Susan, additional, Schaffer, Vikki, additional, Schlacher, Thomas A., additional, Stevens, Nicholas, additional, Srivastava, Sanjeev K., additional, Weston, Michael A., additional, and Ellison, Aaron M., additional

Published
2022
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21. Phylogenetic reconstruction of the rainforest lineage Fontainea heckel (Euphorbiaceae) based on chloroplast DNA sequences and reduced-representation SNP Markers

Author

Brunton, Aaron J., Lamont, Robert W., Conroy, Gabriel C., Yap, Samantha, Rossetto, Maurizio, Taylor-Brown, Alyce, Maggia, Laurent, Reddell, Paul, Ogbourne, Steven M., Brunton, Aaron J., Lamont, Robert W., Conroy, Gabriel C., Yap, Samantha, Rossetto, Maurizio, Taylor-Brown, Alyce, Maggia, Laurent, Reddell, Paul, and Ogbourne, Steven M.

Abstract

Fontainea is a plant genus with nine recognised species that occur across the tropical and subtropical rainforests of Australia, Papua New Guinea, New Caledonia, and Vanuatu. One of these species is cultivated commercially as the source of a cancer therapeutic, and several other species are under threat of extinction. Despite this, the phylogenetic relationships of the genus have not been explored. Our study assessed the phylogeny of seven Fontainea taxa from the Australian and Pacific Island complex using chloroplast DNA sequence data and reduced-representation genome sequencing. Maximum-likelihood and consensus network trees were used to infer the topology of phylogenetic relationships between species, which highlighted three distinct lineages and a number of sister species. Our results indicated that the geographically disjunct species Fontainea venosa and F. pancheri formed a sister group at the earliest position of divergence for the genus. The data also revealed that the vulnerable Fontainea australis and the critically endangered F. oraria form a sister subclade with evidence of some shared plastid genotypes. Generally, our phylogenetic reconstruction supports the modern taxonomical nomenclature. However, we suggest further accessions across several species may support improved genetic distinctions between the sister groups of Fontainea within the genus.

Published
2022

24. A new candling procedure for thick and opaque eggs and its application to avian conservation management.

Author

Hall, Clancy A., Potvin, Dominique A., and Conroy, Gabriel C.

Abstract

The ability to monitor developing avian embryos and their associated vascular system via candling enables the application of important reproductive management techniques. Egg candling facilitates the confirmation of egg viability throughout the incubation process and identification of a precise position on a vein for the safe extraction of blood. Blood samples may then be analysed to retrieve vital health and genetic information to assist in conservation management. However, the thick or opaque egg shell characteristics of some avian species prevents the observation of egg contents using traditional candling methods, thus limiting management options. This paper tests a novel method of preparing thick‐shelled or opaque eggs so that traditional egg candling and blood extraction methods may be applied. Eggs from captive emu (Dromaius novaehollandiae, Latham 1790) and southern cassowary (Casuarius casuarius johnsonii, Linnaeus 1758) were obtained, and partial fenestration was performed on two areas of shell either before incubation or at ⅓ of incubation. Hatchability and weight loss were examined as a measure of effect of the fenestration process on the developing embryo. Clear observation of vascular development was successful in 97% of viable fenestrated eggs, without affecting hatchability or weight loss. Blood samples were taken from developing embryos and DNA was successfully extracted for proof of concept of this new technique. The ability to observe vascular development and monitor the developing embryo in thick and opaque eggs will significantly improve both in situ and ex situ population management options such as in ovo sexing in species of concern. Research Highlights: 1.The fenestration of two sites on the shell surface extends the use of traditional candling methods to thick and opaque eggs, without harmful effects on the embryo.2.Early observation of the vascular system in thick and opaque eggs facilitates additional reproductive technologies and improves management options. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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27. What were dingoes like before the European invasion? Centuries-old DNA reveals a surprising history.

Author

Souilmi, Yassine, Conroy, Gabriel, Balme, Jane, and Wasef, Sally

Subjects
DINGO, INDIGENOUS Australians, ENVIRONMENTAL history, WILD dogs
Abstract

A recent study using ancient DNA from dingo bones has shed light on the history and origins of dingoes in Australia. The study found that dingoes have been Australia's top terrestrial predator for at least 3,500 years and have significant cultural value to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. The research also revealed that dingoes formed separate populations in different regions of Australia thousands of years ago, showing their adaptability to various landscapes. Surprisingly, the study uncovered a genetic connection between ancient dingoes from coastal New South Wales and the endangered New Guinea singing dogs, suggesting a wave of migration between the two species around 2,500 years ago. The study also found that modern dingoes have retained much of their ancient genetic makeup, with little interbreeding with modern dog breeds. The findings support efforts to preserve the ecological role and cultural significance of dingoes in Australia. [Extracted from the article]

Published
2024

35. Permanent Genetic Resources added to Molecular Ecology Resources Database 1 April 2013–31 May 2013

Author

Agostini, Cecilia, Albaladejo, R. G., Aparicio, A., Arthofer, Wolfgang, Berrebi, P., Boag, Peter T., Carbone, Ignazio, Conroy, Gabriel C., Cortesero, Anne-Marie, Goncalves, Evonnildo Costa, Costa, Diogo, Couto, Alvarina, De Girolamo, Mirko, Du, Hao, Fu, Shi-Jian, Garrido-Garduño, T., Gettova, L., Gilles, A., Hamoy, Igor Guerreiro, Herrera, C. M., Heussler, Carina, Isidro, Eduardo, Josso, Céline, Krapf, Patrick, Lamont, Robert W., Le Ralec, Anne, Lopes, Susana, Luis, Carla, Luo, Hui, Maheo, Frédérique, Marino, Ilaria A. M., Mieuzet, Lucie, Murray, Brent W., Ogbourne, Steven M., Pallavicini, Alberto, Parejo-Farnés, C., Patarnello, Tomaso, Paty, Chrystelle, Pereira, Carolina, Pinho, Catarina, Pinto, Pablo, Poinsot, Denis, Powell, Adrienne, Putman, Alexander I., Santoro, André, Santos, Sidney, Schlick-Steiner, Birgit C., Scott, Candace, Barbosa, Maria Silvanira, Simkova, A., Simon, Jean-Christophe, Solé-Cava, Antonio, Steiner, Florian M., Sun, Zhengxin, Torboli, Valentina, Tredway, Lane P., de Groot, Peter J. Van Coeverden, Vasconcellos, Anderson, Vázquez-Domínguez, E., Wang, Deng-Qiang, Wang, Yu-Xiang, Wei, Qi-Wei, Zane, Lorenzo, Zhang, Shu-Huan, Department of Biology, Universita degli Studi di Padova, Departamento Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Institute of Ecology, Molecular Ecology Group, University of Innsbruck, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Queen's University [Kingston], Department of Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University [Raleigh] (NC State), University of North Carolina System (UNC)-University of North Carolina System (UNC), GeneCology Research Centre, University of the Sunshine Coast, Institut de Génétique, Environnement et Protection des Plantes (IGEPP), AGROCAMPUS OUEST-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB), Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Laboratório de Tecnologia Biomolecular, Federal University of Para - Universidade Federal do Para [Belem - Brésil], CIBIO/UP, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Universidade do Porto [Porto], Instituto do Mar (IMAR), Department of Oceanography and Fisheries, University of the Azores, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Biodiversity Conservation, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Laboratory of Evolutionary Physiology and Behaviour, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Animal Biology, Chongqing University, Instituto de Ecología, Departamento de Ecología de la Biodiversidad / Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad National Autonoma de Mexico, Faculty of Science, Department of Botany and Zoology, Masaryk University, Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia (UFRA), Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Laboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, Estación Biológica de Doñana, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Fisheries College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Natural Resources and Environmental Studies Institute, University of Northern British Columbia (UNBC), Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Laboratorio di Genetica, University of Trieste, Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, Instituto de Biologia, Laboratório de Biodiversidade Molecular, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ), Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Laboratório de Polimorfismo de DNA, Instituto de Ecología, Departamento de Ecología de la Biodiversidad, Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Leopold Franzens Universität Innsbruck - University of Innsbruck, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Queen's University [Kingston, Canada], Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Federal University of Para - Universidade Federal do Pará - UFPA [Belém, Brazil] (UFPA), Universidade do Porto = University of Porto, Masaryk University [Brno] (MUNI), Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Huazhong Agricultural University [Wuhan] (HZAU), University of Northern British Columbia [Prince George] (UNBC), Università degli studi di Trieste = University of Trieste, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Universidade do Porto, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Avignon Université (AU), Cecilia, Agostini, R. G., Albaladejo, A., Aparicio, Wolfgang, Arthofer, P., Berrebi, Peter T., Boag, Ignazio, Carbone, Gabriel C., Conroy, A. M., Cortesero, Evonnildo Costa, Gonçalve, Diogo, Costa, Alvarina, Couto, MIrko De, Girolamo, Hao, Du, Shi Jian, Fu, T., Garrido Garduño, L., Gettová, A., Gille, Igor Guerreiro, Hamoy, C. M., Herrera, Carina, Heussler, Eduardo, Isidro, C., Josso, Patrick, Krapf, Robert W., Lamont, A., Le Ralec, Susana, Lope, Carla, Luí, Hui, Luo, F., Mahéo, Ilaria A. M., Marino, L., Mieuzet, Brent W., Murray, Steven M., Ogbourne, Pallavicini, Alberto, C., Parejo Farné, Tomaso, Patarnello, C., Paty, Carolina, Pereira, Catarina, Pinho, Pablo, Pinto, D., Poinsot, Adrienne, Powell, Alexander I., Putman, André, Santoro, Sidney, Santo, Birgit C., Schlick Steiner, Candace, Scott, Maria Silvanira, Barbosa, A., Šimková, J. C., Simon, Antonio Solé, Cava, Florian M., Steiner, Zhengxin, Sun, Torboli, Valentina, Lane P., Tredway, Peter J., Van Coeverden de Groot, Anderson, Vasconcello, E., Vázquez Domínguez, Deng Qiang, Wang, Yu Xiang, Wang, Qi Wei, Wei, Lorenzo, Zane, and Shu Huan, Zhang

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 0303 health sciences, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Computational Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, Databases, Genetic, micropsatellites, Genetics, Animals, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Microsatellite Repeats, 030304 developmental biology, Biotechnology
Abstract

International audience; This article documents the addition of 234 microsatellite marker loci to the Molecular Ecology Resources Database. Loci were developed for the following species: Acipenser sinensis, Aleochara bilineata, Aleochara bipustulata, Barbus meridionalis, Colossoma macropomum, Delia radicum, Drosophila nigrosparsa, Fontainea picrosperma, Helianthemum cinereum, Liomys pictus, Megabalanus azoricus, Pelteobagrus vachelli, Pleuragramma antarcticum, Podarcis hispanica type 1A, Sardinella brasiliensis and Sclerotinia homoeocarpa. These loci were cross-tested on the following species: Acipenser dabryanus, Barbus balcanicus, Barbus barbus, Barbus cyclolepis, Drosophila hydei, Drosophila melanogaster, Drosophila obscura, Drosophila subobscura, Fontainea australis, Fontainea fugax, Fontainea oraria, Fontainea rostrata, Fontainea venosa, Podarcis bocagei, Podarcis carbonelli, Podarcis liolepis, Podarcis muralis and Podarcis vaucheri.

Published
2013
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36. The effects of fire and fragmentation upon two threatened coastal heath species, Acacia baueri ssp. baueri (Mimosaceae) and Blandfordia grandiflora (Blandfordiaceae)

Author

Conroy, Gabriel

Subjects
fire ecology, wallum heathland, population genetics, dynamic simulation modelling, population viability analysis
Abstract

Anthropogenic threats to biodiversity in coastal heath ecosystems include direct habitat loss, fragmentation, and alterations to fire, nutrient and hydrological regimes. This study used two iconic taxa, Acacia baueri (vulnerable) and Blandfordia grandiflora (endangered) to investigate the impacts of fire and fragmentation on threatened herb layer species from the subtropical 'wallum' heathlands of southeast Queensland, Australia. A minimum of eight populations of each species were sampled from both fragmented and natural heathland zones to collect demographic, reproductive and fire history data. Genetic analysis was also undertaken using microsatellite markers to determine the population genetic structure of A. baueri. Population demographic, reproductive and genetic data were subsequently analysed for relationships with fire history and population isolation, and to determine any differences between fragmentation zones. To examine the influence of fire frequency, stage structured population viability analysis (PVA) models were constructed for each species to examine the potential outcomes of the following five fire management options; (1) Fire exclusion, (2) Wildfire only, (3) 3-yearly prescribed burn, (4) five-yearly prescribed burn, (5) 7-yearly prescribed burn. Fragmentation was found to have a pronounced effect on the demographic and reproductive characters of both species. For A. baueri, populations in the unfragmented zone were significantly larger (t=2.327, p0.05) related to any demographic or reproductive characters for either species. Acacia baueri had low population level genetic diversity (A=1.64; %P=40), high levels of inbreeding (F=0.56) and low population differentiation (FST=0.177), with the majority of variation found within populations (FIS=0.470). Although 10 of the 12 private alleles were found in unfragmented zone populations, there were no other significant (p>0.05) differences among diversity and inbreeding measures between populations in either the unfragmented or fragmented zone. However, in accordance with the expectations of conservation genetic theory, significant positive relationships between increasing population size and genetic diversity (He, r=0.481, p

Published
2012
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38. On the Road.

Author

Conroy, Gabriel, Jackson, Thomas, Fox, Marion Laffey, Whitman, Bill, Korman, Lorraine, Gritters, Stiv, and Turrentine, Jeff

Subjects
TRAVEL, VOYAGES & travels, IRELAND description & travel, PERU description & travel, CALIFORNIA description & travel
Abstract

Presents travel locations throughout the world. The Merrion Hotel in Dublin, Ireland; Sandoval Lake Lodge in Lakefront Property, Peru; Ojai Valley Inn & Spa in Ojai, California; The National Pasta Museum in Italy; Malliohana Hotel in Anguilla; Cafe t'Smalle, En De Wildeman, and DeOoievaar in Amsterdam; Typhoon restaurant in Santa Monica; Details.

Published
1999

39. Dublin, Ireland:.

Author

CONROY, GABRIEL

Subjects
HEALTH resorts, HOTELS
Abstract

A review is offered for the Merrion Hotel in Dublin, Ireland, as of May 4, 1999.

Published
1999

40. Genomic consequences of isolation and inbreeding in an island dingo population.

Author

Leon-Apodaca AV, Kumar M, Del Castillo A, Conroy GC, Lamont RW, Ogbourne S, Cairns KM, Borburgh L, Behrendorff L, Subramanian S, and Szpiech ZA

Abstract

Dingoes come from an ancient canid lineage that originated in East Asia around 8000-11,000 years BP. As Australia's largest terrestrial predator, dingoes play an important ecological role. A small, protected population exists on a world heritage listed offshore island, K'gari (formerly Fraser Island). Concern regarding the persistence of dingoes on K'gari has risen due to their low genetic diversity and elevated inbreeding levels. However, whole-genome sequencing data is lacking from this population. Here, we include five new whole-genome sequences of K'gari dingoes. We analyze a total of 18 whole genome sequences of dingoes sampled from mainland Australia and K'gari to assess the genomic consequences of their demographic histories. Long (>1 Mb) runs of homozygosity (ROH) - indicators of inbreeding - are elevated in all sampled dingoes. However, K'gari dingoes showed significantly higher levels of very long ROH (>5 Mb), providing genomic evidence for small population size, isolation, inbreeding, and a strong founder effect. Our results suggest that, despite current levels of inbreeding, the K'gari population is purging strongly deleterious mutations, which, in the absence of further reductions in population size, may facilitate the persistence of small populations despite low genetic diversity and isolation. However, there may be little to no purging of mildly deleterious alleles, which may have important long-term consequences, and should be considered by conservation and management programs., Competing Interests: CONFLICTS OF INTEREST KMC is a scientific advisor to the Australian Dingo Foundation, The New Guinea Singing Dog Conservation Society and The New Guinea Highland Wild Dog Foundation. KMC and LB are members of the IUCN Canid Specialist Group Dingo Working Group.

Published
2024
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