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31. Exotic molluscs in the Great Lakes host epizootically important trematodes

Author

Karatayev, Alexander Y., Mastitsky, Sergey E., Burlakova, Lyubov E., Karatayev, Vadim A., Hajduk, Marissa M., and Conn, David Bruce

Subjects
Asian clam -- Physiological aspects, Bivalvia -- Physiological aspects, Company distribution practices, Biological sciences, Zoology and wildlife conservation
Abstract

One of the most significant ecological and economic impacts of exotic species is associated with their role as vectors for the introduction of parasites into invaded areas. Exotic parasites may have devastating impacts on invaded ecosystems; moreover, invaders may also become hosts for aboriginal parasites, promoting native diseases that otherwise would not have emerged. During 2009 and 2010, exotic molluscs were collected from 27 sites in the Lower Great Lakes and their tributaries, the Finger Lakes, and Lake Oneida. Seven species of exotic molluscs were examined for the presence of trematodes, including the zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha), quagga mussel (Dreissena rostriformis bugensis), faucet snail (Bithynia tentaculata), European stream valvata (Valvata piscinalis), Asian clam (Corbicula fluminea), Chinese mystery snail (Cipangopaludina chinensis), and the New Zealand mudsnail (Potamopyrgus antipodarum). Most of the examined molluscs were infected with trematode larvae that may be harmful to their subsequent vertebrate hosts, including fish, birds, and mammals. These included Sphaeridiotrema sp. cercariae and Cyathocotyle bushiensis metacercariae from B. tentaculata, Echinostoma sp. cercariae from V. piscinalis, and echinostomatid metacercariae from Dreissena spp. and C.fluminea. Many exotic molluscs that were believed to be free of parasites have already acquired trematodes native to North America. Hotspots of trematode infections were recorded in the western basin of Lake Erie and in Lake Oneida, where several species of exotic molluscs had a high prevalence of trematodes, and thus potentially pose risk of transmission to definitive hosts. KEY WORDS: exotic species, parasites, trematodes, molluscs, Great Lakes, INTRODUCTION Exotic species are considered to be one of the major threats to global biodiversity (Wilcove et al. 1998). Their introduction and proliferation also often result in significant economic damage [...]

Published
2012
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46. Recovery of waterborne Cryptospridium parvum oocysts by freshwater benthic clams (Corbicula fluminea)

Author

Graczyk, Thaddeus K., Fayer, Ronald, Cranfield, Michael R., and Conn, David Bruce

Subjects
Clams -- Research, Water pollution -- Research, Coccidia -- Research, Biological sciences
Abstract

A study was conducted on Asian freshwater clams exposed to water contaminated with infectious Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts. No oocysts were detected in the water 24 hours after the contamination event. The percentage of oocyst-containing clams varied from 20 to 100%, depending on the type of tissue examined and the technique used. Positive samples were obtained when gills and gastrointestinal tracts were processed with immunofluorescent antibody. Clam-released oocysts were surrounded by feces, no free oocysts or oocysts dissociated from fecal matter were observed.

Published
1998

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