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Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction/purpose: Structural design and calculation are based on the behavior of concrete and steel separately, without taking into account the contribution of stirrups in concrete confinement. The influence of confinement in structural modeling can be used to better approximate real behavior. The purpose of this study is to develop and validate a non-linear model for the behavior of reinforced concrete structures, taking into account concrete confinement. Methods: A 3D finite element model is used to analyze framed structures. This model takes into account shear deformations. The cross-section of the beam is discretized into trapezoidal layers, while each layer is assumed to be uniaxially stressed. Non-linear constitutive laws are applied to the materials. For concrete confinement, the material’s ductility is considered using the relationships proposed by Bouafia et al. These models are implemented in a computer program. The software monitors the behavior of column-beam structures under variable loads until reaching their loadbearing capacity. Results: The results are compared with experiment results, focusing on maximum strength and deformability. The comparison shows very satisfactory results. In addition, the use of transverse reinforcement for concrete confinement significantly impacts the global behavior of reinforced concrete structures by influencing the contribution of ductility. Conclusion: The consideration of confinement in structures provides the best possible approach to the real behavior of structures. In contrast to existing calculation codes, concrete behavior laws do not take into account the contribution of confinement by transverse reinforcement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction and aims: Pandemic lockdown measures are a cause of concern, regarding their negative impact on the mental health of individuals. The results of numerous studies have associated the appearance of gastrointestinal symptoms with different psychologic disorders, such as stress, depression, and anxiety, due to gut-brain axis interaction. The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of, and factors associated with, gastrointestinal symptom onset related to the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown and various lifestyle modifications. Methods: An analytic, observational, and cross-sectional study was conducted on an open population that agreed to participate within the time frame of January to May 2021. Results: A total of 298 subjects, 165 of whom were women (55.4%), agreed to participate and the mean patient age was 36.1 ± 12.6 years. There was a significant increase in the frequency of several gastrointestinal symptoms: epigastric burning, early satiety, heartburn, regurgitation, constipation, and diarrhea. Changes in weight and modifications in lifestyle were found to be associated variables. Conclusions: The results of this study showed a significant increase in a wide variety of gastrointestinal symptoms related to lifestyle changes due to the pandemic lockdown. Weight change, supplement and multivitamin intake, and reduced physical activity were the main associated risk factors. Public healthcare systems should take a multidisciplinary approach into consideration for the care of affected individuals. Resumen: Antecedentes: Las medidas de confinamiento pandémico han generado preocupaciones sobre su impacto en la salud mental de las personas. La aparición de síntomas gastrointestinales ha sido asociada en múltiples estudios con diversos trastornos psicológicos como el estrés, la depresión y la ansiedad, debido a la interacción del eje intestino-cerebro. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar la prevalencia y los factores asociados con el inicio de síntomas gastrointestinales relacionados con el confinamiento por la pandemia de COVID-19 y varias modificaciones en el estilo de vida. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional, transversal y analítico en una población abierta que aceptó participar entre enero y mayo de 2021. Resultados: Doscientos noventa y ocho sujetos aceptaron participar, 165 mujeres (55,4%); la edad promedio fue de 36.1 ± 12.6 años, se observó un aumento significativo en la frecuencia de varios síntomas gastrointestinales: ardor epigástrico, saciedad temprana, acidez, regurgitación, estreñimiento y diarrea. Los cambios en el peso y las modificaciones en el estilo de vida se encontraron como variables asociadas. Conclusiones: En este estudio, se encontró un aumento significativo en una amplia variedad de síntomas gastrointestinales relacionados con modificaciones en el estilo de vida debido al confinamiento. Los cambios en el peso, la ingesta de suplementos y multivitaminas, y la disminución de la actividad física fueron los principales factores de riesgo asociados. Los sistemas de salud pública deben tener en cuenta un enfoque multidisciplinario para el cuidado de estas personas.

En marzo de 2020, ante la llegada de la COVID-19, España decretó uno de los confinamientos más estrictos de Occidente. Esta medida sanitaria tan extrema plantea un conflicto ético de valores que se traslada, en lo político, a los derechos fundamentales y, en última instancia, a los derechos humanos. En este artículo se repasan los derechos afectados y se analiza el confinamiento impuesto por España e imitado luego por los países latinoamericanos, con el prisma de los principios éticos relativos a la contención de epidemias. El confinamiento fue una intervención inédita, que no estaba probada y cuya eficacia era desconocida; conllevó una vulneración grave de los derechos civiles sin justificación científica y sin verdaderos resultados epidemiológicos. Evitar el mismo error en futuras pandemias depende en parte de un escrupuloso respeto por los principios éticos que ya están recogidos en la legislación vigente.

Los cambios, problemas, carencias y retos a los que docentes del mundo se expusieron al momento en que se declaró la pandemia por Covid-19 fueron múltiples. El cierre de las escuelas obligó a una transición abrupta de la modalidad presencial a una basada en recursos tecnológicos y digitales, lo que resultó en prácticas de enseñanza desarrolladas en condiciones tecnológicas y epistémicas desiguales. En este contexto, se realizó una investigación con el objetivo de describir y analizar las prácticas docentes durante la Enseñanza Remota de Emergencia (ERE). Utilizando un enfoque metodológico fenomenológico hermenéutico, se buscó identificar elementos pedagógicos y didácticos de referencia que sirvan como base para la toma de decisiones ante posibles escenarios de confinamiento futuro. Los hallazgos se exponen en el presente manuscrito. La recolección de datos se llevó a cabo en junio de 2023 mediante un formulario y entrevistas. Este estudio reveló las complicaciones que los docentes enfrentaron durante ese periodo, como la falta de comunicación con sus alumnos, la ausencia de orientación para hacer ajustes curriculares y la aplicación de un tipo de didáctica que respondiera a aquellas condiciones de enseñanza. Se destacó la importancia de que los docentes reciban orientación por parte de las autoridades educativas, así como, la capacitación para poder enseñar en escenarios de emergencia.

Background: this study aimed to assess how the COVID-19 lockdown (March to June 2020) affected children's sleep quality, physical activity, screen time, and nutrition. Material and methods: the survey consisted of 479 children from the SENDO project, a pediatric cohort in Spain, aged 4-5 years. The BEAR questionnaire was used to evaluate sleep quality. Hierarchical models with two-level clustering were used to account for intra-cluster correlation between siblings, and the difference regression method was used to study the association between changes in screen consumption and physical activity and changes in sleep quality. Results: the results showed an increase in the consumption of homemade pastries and snacks. Sleep quality worsened significantly during confinement, with a mean score on the BEAR scale of 0.52 before, 1.43 during, and 1.07 after confinement. Although sleep quality improved significantly after the end of confinement, it remained worse than before. The average daily screen time increased from 1.13 hours before confinement to 2.65 hours during confinement. Physical activity decreased during confinement, with the mean number of hours per day decreasing from 1.27 to 0.79. Children who spent more time on screens during confinement had worse sleep quality, as indicated by their higher scores on the BEAR scale. We used the difference regression method to identify a statistically significant association between the increased screen time for leisure hours and the worsening of children's sleep quality during confinement. Conclusion: we observed a significant relationship between confinement and reduced sleep quality. Although the end of the lockdown led to a slight improvement, the average BEAR scale score remained higher post-confinement, suggesting that the consequences of the lockdown may persist over time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of International Welfare Policies & Social Work Journal / Revista Internacional de Políticas de Bienestar y Trabajo Social is the property of Asociacion Internacional de Ciencias Sociales & Trabajo Social and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: To analyze the impact of COVID-19 lockdown on serum glucose levels of pregnant women. Design: A retrospective analysis of O'Sullivan test in pregnant women who underwent COVID-19 lockdown compared to controls. Site: Poniente Primary Health Care center in Córdoba (Spain). Participants: 235 pregnant women from 23+0 to 25+0 weeks of gestation without diabetes mellitus. Interventions: Gestational diabetes mellitus screening with O'Sullivan test and 3-h oral glucose tolerance test. Main measurements: Pregnant women who underwent gestational diabetes mellitus screening with O'Sullivan test before (control group) and during COVID-19 Lockdown (Lockdown group) in Córdoba (Spain) were investigated. Lockdown group was divided in early and late lockdown. An additional, control group from data of the same months of the Lockdown in the previous year were recorded to discarded seasonally (adjusted seasonally control) this group was also divided in early and late seasonally adjusted.A logistic regression model for O'Sullivan test has been performed to analyze potential cofounders. Kolgomorov–Smirnov and Kruskal–Wallis test comparing pregnant women who underwent COVID-19 lockdown with the two types of controls. Results: Statistically significant differences were found in serum glucose after O'Sullivan test between lockdown group and control group (123.51 ± 26.02 mg/dL and 112.86 ± 31.28 mg/dL; p = 0.017). When early lockdown group and control group were compared no differences were found (119.64 ± 26.18 mg/dL vs. 112.86 ± 31.28 mg/dL; p > 0.05) whereas differences were observed in late lockdown group and control group (127.22 ± 25.59 mg/dL vs. 112.86 ± 31.28 mg/dL; p = 0.009). Statistical trends were also found between lockdown group and seasonally adjusted group and between lockdown and late seasonally adjusted group (p = 0.089). A higher proportion of positive O'Suvillan pregnant women who were subsequently diagnosed with GDM were found in lockdown group compared to the seasonally adjusted control group (60% vs. 26.06% respectively; p 0,05), mientras que sí se observaron diferencias en el grupo de confinamiento tardío y el grupo de control (127,22 ± 25,59 mg/dL frente a 112,86 ± 31,28 mg/dL; p = 0,009). También se encontraron tendencias estadísticas entre el grupo confinado y el grupo desestacionalizado y entre el grupo confinado y el grupo desestacionalizado tardío (p = 0,089). La proporción de embarazadas positivas al test de O'Suvillan a las que posteriormente se diagnosticó diabetes mellitus gestacional en el grupo de confinamiento fue mayor que el grupo de control desestacionalizado (60% frente a 26,06%, respectivamente; p

El confinamiento por la pandemia del covid-19 causó estragos en el sistema educativo mexicano. El cierre de las escuelas llevó a la migración a la virtualidad; con ello modificó la forma tradicional de enseñanza y aprendizaje. A pesar del regreso a la presencialidad, en México se identifica un rezago educativo producto del confinamiento y afectaciones en la esfera psicosocial de los estudiantes que no han sido suficientemente atendidos. El objetivo de esta investigación fue caracterizar, desde la opinión de estudiantes de bachillerato, el clima del aula virtual, estrategias didácticas y la interacción social, para identificar las afectaciones psicoemocionales derivadas por el confinamiento. Se encuestó a 2927 estudiantes de seis bachilleratos mexicanos. Se trabajó un diseño mixto no experimental y transversal. El análisis de datos combinó estadística descriptiva y minería de textos cualitativos. Los resultados indicaron que el clima del aula virtual fue aburrido y con poca interacción social (43 %); que la modalidad virtual se basó principalmente en programas para videoconferencia (97 %); que el 61 % de los estudiantes sufrió ansiedad causada por la incertidumbre generada por el contexto pandémico; que al 50 %, el aislamiento le produjo soledad, y que el 49 % de ellos se sintió decepcionado porque no se cumplieron sus expectativas educativas. Esto coincide con la literatura, dado el contexto incierto caracterizado por una pandemia intermitente, se recomienda capacitar a los docentes mexicanos para la enseñanza en ambientes virtuales enfocados en mejorar el clima del aula y atender las afectaciones psicoemocionales en los estudiantes, factores que pueden limitar el logro de aprendizajes significativos futuros.

Este artículo busca describir las estrategias de aprendizaje utilizadas por el estudiantado en lenguas extranjeras en algunos componentes de la lengua como la pronunciación, la gramática y el vocabulario durante el confinamiento de 2020 al 2022 en Costa Rica. Se trata de una investigación de tipo cualitativa descriptiva que presenta los resultados de manera estadística y porcentual. Se empleó el muestreo probabilístico simple para reclutar a la población participante, a la cual se le envió un consentimiento informado y un cuestionario en línea entre junio a septiembre de 2022. En lo referente a los resultados estos fueron analizados según la Taxonomía de Oxford (1990) que organiza las estrategias de aprendizaje en dos grandes grupos: las directas (memoria, cognitivas, compensación y las indirectas (metacognitivas, afectivas y sociales). A través del análisis de los datos obtenidos se concluye que las estrategias directas se imponen ante las indirectas en cuanto al estudio de la gramática y el vocabulario y que para el estudio de la pronunciación coexisten varias estrategias directas e indirectas en el proceso de aprendizaje de la lengua meta.

Copyright of Gerokomos is the property of Indemm Farma SL and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Esta investigación buscaba describir las consecuencias físicas, psicológicas, sociales y académicas de los estudiantes universitarios durante el primer año de confinamiento, e identificar las principales estrategias de afrontamiento utilizadas. Siguiendo una metodología cualitativa, se entrevistó a 67 estudiantes universitarios procedentes de distintas regiones del país. Los resultados mostraron que hubo una aceptación inicial del confinamiento por parte de estudiantes, como medida sanitaria extrema necesaria para reducir los casos de contagio, pero que con el pasar del tiempo empezó a ser percibida como una experiencia terrible caracterizada por la pérdida de rutinas, falta de control y una permanente incertidumbre que terminó afectando distintos ámbitos de su funcionamiento. Para afrontar estas consecuencias, los estudiantes utilizaron diversas estrategias, principalmente aquellas centradas en la resolución activa de los problemas (mantener horarios fijos, procurar el contacto con personas significativas, implementar rutinas de actividad física y solicitar ayuda profesional, entre otras) y el desarrollo de una mayor autoconsciencia (técnicas de relajación, mindfulness y autocompasión, entre otras). Se discuten la relevancia e implicancias futuras de estos resultados.

Background and objectives: a deterioration of health habits has been found in various studies caused by stressful situations such as mandatory and maintained confinement over time. This study aims to analyze the health habits of the Spanish adult population during confinement due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and the possible impact on their body weight. Method: two thousand eight hundred and thirty-four volunteer subjects participated in the study (69.3 % women). They completed an on-line questionnaire that evaluated their health habits, as well as various sociodemographic variables. Results: the results show a statistically significant link between the subjects' body mass index (BMI) and the change in their weight during lockdown (2: 79.303; p: < 0.001). Besides, a statisti-cally significant relationship between the different health habits under analysis was also found, being moderate with respect to the link between eating habits and physical activity (Cramer's V: 0.226). A statistically significant relationship was also found between the participants' weight and the different health habits during lockdown. The effect size of the associations was moderate in relation to the participants' eating habits (Cramer's V: 0.409) and physical activity (Cramer's V: 0.292). Conclusions: it is suggested the development of prevention programs for long lockdown periods associated with high levels of stress so as to promote a healthy diet, as well as exercise using new technologies and a proper rest, especially in overweight or obese subjects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The pandemic led to increased biosecurity measures and the adoption of confinement to prevent the spread of the virus, which impacted the quality of life of all people, including persons with intellectual disabilities. The purpose of this study was to establish what the quality of life of persons with intellectual disabilities was like during the confinement by COVID-19, through the application of an online questionnaire that was completed by 78 families of persons with intellectual disabilities in Colombia. The main findings show that 91 % of persons with intellectual disabilities explained about confinement and 79.5 % were aware of the causes for such confinement; 43.6 % presented a high level of participation in family activities and routines; 80.8 % were able to choose the spaces and times to carry out their individual activities; 92.3 % had access to the implements and resources necessary for their daily lives; 71.8 % experienced no changes in eating habits; 44.9 % reported a regular state of health; 64.1 % experienced changes in their sleep habits, and 79.5 % did not receive government support. Persons with moderate intellectual disability had greater contact with their extended family (52.50 %) and 85.7 % of those with severe and profound disability showed changes in their mood. In conclusion, persons with intellectual disabilities experienced several adaptations in the immediate environments, that families and institutions had to carry out, to minimize the impact of confinement on their quality of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of ESTOA: Revista de la Facultad de Arquitectura y Urbanismo de la Universidad de Cuenca is the property of ESTOA Revista de la Facultad de Arquitectura y Urbanismo de la Universidad de Cuenca and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Explica las actuaciones del Museo de Arte Ibérico El Cigarralejo para acercarlo al público durante el confinamiento y en los meses posteriores. También la creación de actividades on line y posteriormente presenciales, ante la drástica reducción de visitantes que era necesario recuperar, a la vez que mostrarlo a las personas que, por diferentes motivos, no podían acceder al mismo.

Resumen Objetivos: Conocer y explorar las preocupaciones y experiencias que genera el confinamiento por la COVID-19 en las personas mayores. Metodología: Estudio cualitativo de tipo fenomenológico basado en entrevistas semiestructuradas. La información se analizó mediante análisis de contenido y se verificó con la triangulación de los resultados. Resultados: Emergieron 8 categorías coincidentes: sentimientos durante el confinamiento, inquietudes por la salud, cambios en la propia salud, cambios en los hábitos de vida, apoyo profesionales de la salud, estrategias de afrontamiento, información sobre la COVID-19 y preocupaciones sobre el futuro. Conclusiones: Identificar las vivencias de los mayores durante el confinamiento por la COVID-19 ha mostrado, en esta población, las dificultades surgidas del día a día y las capacidades que han tenido que llevar a cabo para soportar y superar este difícil período de la pandemia.

En el presente artículo se analizan las representaciones sociales que los estudiantes universitarios experimentaron durante el periodo de confinamiento debido a la pandemia por el COVID-19 con respecto a la decisión de continuar sus estudios, a pesar de los problemas generados por el cierre de las actividades presenciales en instituciones educativas. Se examina la situación ocurrida en la región noroeste de Chihuahua, que involucra al menos diez municipios. Este estudio es el resultado de una investigación mixta de carácter descriptivo, que incluyó una encuesta de 69 ítems aplicada en la primavera de 2021 a 313 estudiantes de cinco programas académicos diferentes de la División Multidisciplinaria de la UACJ en Nuevo Casas Grandes. Los resultados permiten establecer que para los estudiantes fue una experiencia negativa la educación a distancia, principalmente debido a problemas de gestión emocional, falta de habilidades en la administración del tiempo y acceso limitado a la tecnología, lo que provocó emociones no positivas. Sin embargo, negaron percibir un bajo rendimiento académico o tener dificultades en la interacción con los docentes o compañeros.

Desde un enfoque cualitativo y exploratorio, en esta investigación se analizan las representaciones sociales que jóvenes mexicanos construyeron acerca de la habitabilidad del espacio durante la pandemia por covid-19. Los resultados revelan alteraciones en la vida cotidiana y en la forma de utilizar, de percibir y de significar los espacios urbanos y arquitectónicos. Se concluye que la pandemia, además de un problema de salud pública, es un fenómeno social y cultural que no ha sido superado por completo y que, por eso, amerita continuar con su estudio desde distintas perspectivas.

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The aim of this research was to explore the experiences of emergency remote teaching (ERT) during the covid-19 pandemic among students at a public university in the northwest region of Mexico. A descriptive correlational exploratory cross-sectional study was conducted with a nonprobabilistic sample of 1550 students. A survey was designed and validated by experts, and it was implemented online using the Microsoft Forms platform. Findings revealed that more than half of the students demonstrated very good or excellent proficiency in virtual platforms. Additionally, 28% of women experienced a difficult or very difficult adaptation process to the platforms, while this percentage was lower among men (20.9%). Students expressed that the academic performance of their instructors during ERT ranged from average to good, but the majority indicated that instructors were not adequately prepared to conduct classes in this modality, since teaching through virtual platforms requires planning and designing strategies. Despite both teachers and students became familiar with digital tools during the pandemic, it is recommended to encourage synchronous digital environments for teachers and explore didactic strategies for asynchronous ones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic caused a major crisis in numerous social spheres, especially among children, due to the closure of schools in hundreds of countries. The lockdown resulted in classes being given exclusively online, which could have led to increased participation in antisocial online behaviour such as cyberhate. This research aims to find out the impact of lockdown on cyberhate in children in Primary Education and to analyse the role of social, emotional and moral competencies as a protective factor. The study was conducted with 792 primary school pupils (Mage=10.81, SD=0.85) from Cuenca (Ecuador). A questionnaire focusing on cyberhate, social and emotional competencies, empathy, and moral emotions scales was used. A quantitative study was carried out with a longitudinal design with two data rounds of collection separated by an interval of five months. The results showed that total cyberhate and its dimensions, perpetration and propagation, increased longitudinally. Cyberhate among these participants could be predicted, after five months of lockdown, for being male, being in the highest school year, attending a state school, and obtaining low scores in moral emotions. The effects of the lockdown have highlighted the importance of face-to-face social relationships, which has exciting implications on the importance of school in developing social, emotional, and moral competencies which foster coexistence and respect for diversity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Adicciones is the property of Sociedad Cientifica Espanola de Estudios sobre el Alcohol and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introducción: diversos estudios sugieren que existe una diferencia en el estrés percibido (EP) entre sexos en la población general. Sin embargo, hay escasas publicaciones que describan las diferencias de percepción del estrés entre sexos durante el confinamiento por COVID-19 en personas con diabetes mellitus (DM). Objetivos: evaluar las diferencias entre sexos relacionadas con el EP y la ansiedad en personas con DM durante el confinamiento por COVID-19 en Argentina. Materiales y métodos: estudio multicéntrico, observacional y transversal. Se incluyeron adultos con DM1 y DM2. El grado de estrés se evaluó por la escala de estrés percibido (perceived stress scale, PSS), y la ansiedad por el inventario de ansiedad de Beck (Beck anxiety inventory, BAI). Resultados: se incluyeron 2.273 pacientes (52,5% mujeres). En el análisis univariado, las puntuaciones de BAI y PSS fueron significativamente más altas en las mujeres con DM versus los hombres (BAI 8,9 versus 6,6; p

El cierre de los centros educativos fue una de las primeras medidas frente al COVID-19, impidiendo la realización de educación física de manera presencial en las aulas. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar la práctica de actividad física de los estudiantes adolescentes antes y durante el periodo de confinamiento del COVID-19 en España. Un total de 4508 estudiantes de secundaria con una edad media de 15.8 años (±1.1 años) completaron el Cuestionario IPAQ versión corta. Los resultados muestran que los estudiantes han disminuido significativamente la duración y frecuencia de actividad física durante el confinamiento. El gasto en MET-minutos/semana ha disminuido un 46.8%, destacando la actividad de baja intensidad “caminar” que ha disminuido un 91.1% entre ambos periodos. El porcentaje de estudiantes que realizan un nivel bajo de actividad física ha pasado de un 24.1% antes del confinamiento a un 41.3% durante este periodo. No obstante, un 36% de los estudiantes con un nivel bajo de actividad física antes de la cuarentena han pasado a realizar un nivel medio o alto de actividad física durante la cuarentena. Estos resultados ayudan a conocer y analizar el comportamiento de los estudiantes adolescentes durante el periodo de confinamiento.

Para muchos estudiantes los años de universidad pueden ser percibidos como estresantes, ya que se enfrentan a nuevo entorno académico y social. El presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo identificar las principales fuentes del estrés académico en universitarios y determinar cómo variables personales y contextuales del alumnado determinan una mayor vulnerabilidad a este tipo de estrés. Participaron 2224 estudiantes que completaron un cuestionario en formato digital durante el periodo de interrupción de la docencia presencial causada por el COVID-19. Se recabaron datos sociodemográficos, datos sobre estrés académico (CEAU) y autoestima (escala de Autoestima de Rosenberg). Los resultados mostraron que son las mujeres las que presentan mayores niveles de estrés académico, así como niveles bajos de autoestima. Por otro lado, sorprende que el estudiantado de la rama de Ingeniería y Arquitectura presenta las puntuaciones más bajas de estrés académico. Entre estos resultados destaca la importancia al estresor relacionado con la empleabilidad y perspectivas futuras, con puntuaciones mucho más elevadas que en estudios anteriores, lo que podía estar explicado por la inestabilidad laboral que supuso la crisis sanitaria. Conocer el perfil de los estudiantes más vulnerables al estrés académico y los principales estresores facilitará el diseño de estrategias orientadas a capacitarles para los retos que se presentan en esta nueva etapa.

El cyberbullying y el bullying son fenómenos interrelacionados que se dan en nuestros centros escolares, que se entienden como los actos intencionales, repetidos en el tiempo y con desequilibrio de poder para hacer daño de una o varias personas a otra, a través de medios digitales (cyberbullying) o cara a cara (bullying), con consecuencias negativas para quien las sufre. La pandemia y los confinamientos han constatado un aumento de los casos de acoso escolar en forma de cyberbullying. Además, el estudio del acoso escolar no se entiende sin una de sus formas más frecuentes, como es el acoso digital. En el presente estudio se pretende presentar los datos obtenidos de la panorámica de conductas de acoso escolar en un grupo-aula antes de la pandemia y posteriormente, tras un periodo de confinamiento. Se busca mostrar los cambios originados entre un escenario y otro, indagando en los factores que determinan las formas en las que se interrelacionan en una nueva realidad. A su vez, comprobar la extrapolación de unas formas de acoso escolar hacia otras que muestran una evolución desde el bullying más convencional, cara a cara o presencial hacia el cyberbullying, que se amplifica por darse en el espacio disponible donde los estudiantes se articulan durante el confinamiento sin asistencia presencial a las aulas.

Con base en las teorías sobre las infraestructuras migratorias y la industria de la migración, este artículo analiza la instalación y desarrollo de instituciones para la ayuda humanitaria a solicitantes de asilo en la frontera norte de México. Describe tres tipos de instituciones y procedimientos que fueron creados entre 2019 y 2021 en Ciudad Juárez y en Tijuana: Centros Integradores para Migrantes administrados por el gobierno federal, hoteles filtro dirigidos por la Organización Internacional para las Migraciones y el sistema CONECTA coordinado por el Alto Comisionado de las Naciones Unidas para los Refugiados. Se muestran los efectos de la subcontratación de actores no estatales y agencias internacionales para la ejecución del control migratorio y de la asistencia humanitaria, así como las consecuencias del humanitarismo en las políticas de seguridad.

In April 2020, a survey was conducted among Slovenian military families, being one of the first surveys to be carried out in the country after the outbreak of the pandemic. The military was labeled a crucial institution in the efforts to combat the SARS-CoV-2 virus and was appointed to various activities, leading to a considerable increase in its workload. The burden of care and unpaid work at that time also intensified, becoming shifted onto the military family, particularly civilian female spouses. The survey's purpose was to measure how military families evaluated their success in balancing between working from home, household work, childcare, and home schooling during the pandemic lockdown. The risk factors were observed on the micro (i.e., lack of extended family support, institutional childcare, and school lockdown) and macro (i.e., military support, national support measures) social levels. The analysis reveals that when it comes to military families the greatest price has been paid by female civilian spouses. The number of children and their age influence parents' self-evaluation of their success with work–life balance. The results show that big families and families with primary school children have been struggling the most during the lockdown. Surprisingly, dual-serving families felt the most successful. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cuadernos de Psicología del Deporte is the property of Cuadernos de Psicologia del Deporte and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Dilemas Contemporáneos: Educación, Política y Valores is the property of Dilemas Contemporaneos: Educacion, Politica y Valores and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of this study was to describe and compare routines and behaviors in a sample of children from three countries during the mandatory quarantine of the COVID-19 pandemic and to analyze their connections to anxiety. A total of 335 children aged 3 to 7 years from Spain, Argentina and the United States participated in the study. The instruments used were the Routine and Behavior Scale (RBS) and the Preschool Anxiety Scale (PAS). Using network sampling through online questionnaires in Spanish and English, the results showed differences in routines and behaviors patterns in participants from countries under confinement, as well as higher anxiety scores. The negative repercussions of confinement may affect a child’s welfare. It is therefore necessary to carry out cross-cultural studies in order to enable the early detection of psychopathological symptoms and promote prevention and intervention programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The pandemic affected the psychological well-being and sexuality of the population, especially among vulnerable groups such as men from sexual minorities. Method: In Spain, a total of 320 heterosexual men and 151 sexual minority men, aged between 18 and 60, answered an ad hoc online questionnaire about sexual behavior during the lockdown. Results: Compared to heterosexual men, during the lockdown, sexual minority men masturbated more, engaged in more sexual activities online, and had more sex with non-cohabitants. Heterosexual men had more sexual relations with their partners. Living with a partner during the lockdown predicted an improvement in sex life, especially for heterosexual men. Furthermore, the emotional impact of lockdown was a predictor of a worsening sex life regardless of sexual orientation. Conclusions: Future interventions should take into account that men's sex lives are mediated by the emotional impact of the moment, especially among sexual minority men, since the quality of their sex life shows a weaker relationship with some of the protective variables studied (living with a partner). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The global pandemic of COVID-19 has shaken the education system, which has struggled to respond inclusively to the challenge of continuing the course from home. This research presents a socio-educational practice based on the investigation of the immediate environment of the students of the Bachelor's Degree in Primary Training of University of Lleida from their lockdown from the concept of infraordinary coined by Georges Perec. The students lived a work proposal to reverse the restrictions imposed by lockdown based on video recordings made from their windows, field diaries, and discussion groups. The research results show how the work on art and the capture of the infraordinary during these restrictions have helped them to approach the curriculum in an inclusive and committed way with the quotidian, the environment and the community. This approach has allowed them to engage in reflective, creative, critical and inclusive practices to confront the post-coronavirus era. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Voces y Silencios is the property of Universidad de los Andes and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cuadernos de Investigacion Educativa is the property of Universidad ORT Uruguay and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)