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1. Characterising a Setting with a High Level of Informality, Integrating National and Specialised Surveys, Administrative and Census Data

Author

Paglione, Lorenzo, Cacciani, Laura, Baglio, Giovanni, Brandimarte, Maria Alessandra, Confaloni, Elisabetta, Landi, Adelaide, Salvatori, Livia Maria, Angelozzi, Aurora, Caminada, Susanna, Napoli, Massimo, Errigo, Miriam, Iorio, Silvia, Bargagli, Anna Maria, Marceca, Maurizio, Di Rosa, Enrico, Agabiti, Nera, Davoli, Marina, Battisti, Alessandra, editor, Marceca, Maurizio, editor, and Iorio, Silvia, editor

Published
2020
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6. Adverse Events in Italian Nursing Homes During the COVID-19 Epidemic: A National Survey

Author

Flavia L. Lombardo, Emanuela Salvi, Eleonora Lacorte, Paola Piscopo, Flavia Mayer, Antonio Ancidoni, Giulia Remoli, Guido Bellomo, Gilda Losito, Fortunato D’Ancona, Marco Canevelli, Graziano Onder, Nicola Vanacore, The Italian National Institute of Health Nursing Home Study Group, Ilaria Bacigalupo, Luigi Bertinato, Patrizia Carbonari, Maria Grazia Carella, Annamaria Confaloni, Alessio Crestini, Carla Faralli, Simone Fiaccavento, Silvia Francisci, Cinzia Lo Noce, Paola Luzi, Tania Lopez, Maria Masocco, Monica Mazzola, Ilaria Palazzesi, Luana Penna, Daniela Pierannunzio, Maria Cristina Porrello, Giulia Scaravelli, Andrea Siddu, Sabrina Sipone, Lucia Speziale, Andrea Tavilla, Mauro Palma, Gianluca Pucciarelli, Daniela Accorgi, Catia Bedosti, Gabriella Carraro, Maria Mongardi, and Gianluca Ferrari

Subjects
dementia, adverse events, nursing homes, Long-Term Care Facilities, COVID-19, public health, Psychiatry, RC435-571
Abstract

Older people living in nursing homes (NHs) are particularly vulnerable in the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, due to the high prevalence of chronic diseases and disabilities (e.g., dementia). The phenomenon of adverse events (AEs), intended as any harm or injury resulting from medical care or to the failure to provide care, has not yet been investigated in NHs during the pandemic. We performed a national survey on 3,292 NHs, either public or providing services both privately and within the national health system, out of the 3,417 NHs covering the whole Italian territory. An online questionnaire was addressed to the directors of each facility between March 24 and April 27, 2020. The list of NHs was provided by the Dementia Observatory, an online map of Italian services for people with dementia, which was one of the objectives of the implementation of the Italian National Dementia Plan. About 26% of residents in the Italian NHs for older people listed within the Dementia Observatory site had dementia. The objective of our study was to report the frequency of AEs that occurred during the months when SARS-CoV-2 spreading rate was at its highest in the Italian NHs and to identify which conditions and attributes were most associated with the occurrence of AEs by means of multivariate regression logistic analysis. Data are referred to 1,356 NHs that participated in the survey. The overall response rate was 41.2% over a time-period of six weeks (from March 24 to May 5). About one third of the facilities (444 out of 1,334) (33.3%) reported at least 1 adverse event, with a total of 2,000 events. Among the included NHs, having a bed capacity higher than the median of 60 beds (OR=1.57, CI95% 1.17–2.09; p=0.002), an observed increased in the use of psychiatric drugs (OR=1.80, CI95% 1.05–3.07; p=0.032), adopting physical restraint measures (OR=1.97, CI95% 1.47–2.64; p

Published
2020
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7. Characterising a Setting with a High Level of Informality, Integrating National and Specialised Surveys, Administrative and Census Data

Author

Paglione, Lorenzo, primary, Cacciani, Laura, additional, Baglio, Giovanni, additional, Brandimarte, Maria Alessandra, additional, Confaloni, Elisabetta, additional, Landi, Adelaide, additional, Salvatori, Livia Maria, additional, Angelozzi, Aurora, additional, Caminada, Susanna, additional, Napoli, Massimo, additional, Errigo, Miriam, additional, Iorio, Silvia, additional, Bargagli, Anna Maria, additional, Marceca, Maurizio, additional, Di Rosa, Enrico, additional, Agabiti, Nera, additional, and Davoli, Marina, additional

Published
2020
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11. Heme Oxygenase-1 and Brain Oxysterols Metabolism Are Linked to Egr-1 Expression in Aged Mice Cortex, but Not in Hippocampus

Author

Paolo Rosa, Chiara Zerbinati, Alessio Crestini, Anna-Maria Canudas, Giuseppe Ragona, Annamaria Confaloni, Luigi Iuliano, and Antonella Calogero

Subjects
Egr-1, aging brain, oxysterols, HO-1, oxidative stress, cortex, Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, RC321-571
Abstract

Throughout life, stress stimuli act upon the brain leading to morphological and functional changes in advanced age, when it is likely to develop neurodegenerative disorders. There is an increasing need to unveil the molecular mechanisms underlying aging, in a world where populations are getting older. Egr-1 (early growth response 1), a transcriptional factor involved in cell survival, proliferation and differentiation – with a role also in memory, cognition and synaptic plasticity, can be implicated in the molecular mechanism of the aging process. Moreover, Heme Oxygenase-1a (HO), a 32 kDa heat-shock protein that converts heme to iron, carbon monoxide and biliverdin, is a key enzyme with neuroprotective properties. Several in vitro and in vivo studies reported that HO-1 could regulate the metabolism of oxysterols, oxidation products of cholesterol that include markers of oxidative stress. Recently, a link between Egr-1 and HO-1 has been demonstrated in mouse lung cells exposed to cigarette smoke. In view of these data, we wanted to investigate whether Egr-1 can be implicated also in the oxysterol metabolism during brain aging. Our results show that Egr-1 expression is differently expressed in the cortex and hippocampus of old mice, as well as the oxysterol profile between these two brain areas. In particular, we show that the cortex experiences in an age-dependent fashion increasing levels of the Egr-1 protein, and that these correlate with the level of HO-1 expression and oxysterol abundance. Such a situation was not observed in the hippocampus. These results are further strenghtened by our observations made with Egr-1 KO mice, confirming our hypothesis concerning the influence of Egr-1 on oxysterol production and accumulation via regulation of the expression of HO-1 in the cortex, but not the hippocampus, of old mice. It is important to notice that most of the oxysterols involved in this process are those usually stimulated by oxidative stress, which would then represent the triggering factor for this mechanism.

Published
2018
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12. The impact of a mono-institutional experience in lung metastases treated with stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT): a retrospective analysis

Author

Luca Capone, Sara Antonia Allegretta, Federico Bianciardi, Barbara Tolu, Federica Rea, Martina Giraffa, Veronica Confaloni, Giorgio Hamid Raza, Chiara D’Ambrosio, Francesca Cavallo, Domenico Marchesano, Gianmarco Grimaldi, Randa El Gahwary, Elisa Cinelli, Giuseppe Minniti, and Piercarlo Gentile

Subjects
Oncology, Radiological and Ultrasound Technology, Oncology (nursing), Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging
Published
2023
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13. The impact of a mono-institutional experience in lung metastases treated with stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT): a retrospective analysis

Author

Capone, Luca, primary, Antonia Allegretta, Sara, additional, Bianciardi, Federico, additional, Tolu, Barbara, additional, Rea, Federica, additional, Giraffa, Martina, additional, Confaloni, Veronica, additional, Raza, Giorgio Hamid, additional, D’Ambrosio, Chiara, additional, Cavallo, Francesca, additional, Marchesano, Domenico, additional, Grimaldi, Gianmarco, additional, El Gahwary, Randa, additional, Cinelli, Elisa, additional, Minniti, Giuseppe, additional, and Gentile, Piercarlo, additional

Published
2023
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16. The Italian dementia with Lewy bodies study group (DLB-SINdem): toward a standardization of clinical procedures and multicenter cohort studies design

Author

Bonanni, L., Cagnin, A., Agosta, F., Babiloni, C., Borroni, B., Bozzali, M., Bruni, A. C., Filippi, M., Galimberti, D., Monastero, R., Muscio, C., Parnetti, L., Perani, D., Serra, L., Silani, V., Tiraboschi, P., Padovani, A., Alberici, A., Alberoni, M., Amici, S., Appollonio, I., Arena, M.G., Arighi, A., Avanzi, S., Bagella, C.F., Baglio, F., Barocco, F., Belardinelli, N., Bonuccelli, U., Bottini, G., Bruno Bossio, R., Bruno, G., Buccomino, D., Cacchiò, G., Calabrese, E., Campanelli, A., Canevelli, M., Canu, E.D.G., Cappa, A., Capra, C., Carapelle, E., Caratozzolo, S., Carbone, G.F.S., Cattaruzza, T., Cerami, C., Cester, A., Cheldi, A., Cherchi, R., Chiari, A., Cirafisi, C., Colao, R., Confaloni, A., Conti, M.Z., Costa, A., Costa, B., Cotelli, M.S., Cova, I., Cravello, L., Cumbo, E., Cupidi, C., De Togni, L., Del Din, G., Del Re, M.L., Dentizzi, C., Di Lorenzo, F., Di Stefano, F., Dikova, N., Farina, E., Floris, G., Foti, A., Franceschi, M., Fumagalli, G.G., Gabelli, C., Ghidoni, E., Giannandrea, D., Giordana, M.T., Giorelli, M., Giubilei, F., Grimaldi, L., Grimaldi, R., Guglielmi, V., Lanari, A., Le Pira, F., Letteri, F., Levi Minzi, G.V., Lorusso, S., Ludovico, L., Luzzi, S., Maggiore, L., Magnani, G., Mancini, G., Manconi, F.M., Manfredi, L., Maniscalco, M., Marano, P., Marcon, M., Marcone, A., Marra, C., Martorana, A., Mascia, M.G., Mascia, V., Mauri, M., Mazzei, B., Meloni, M., Merlo, P., Messa, G., Milia, A., Monacelli, F., Montecalvo, G., Moschella, V., Mura, G., Nemni, R., Nobili, F., Notarelli, A., Di Giacomo, R., Onofrj, M., Paci, C., Padiglioni, C., Perini, M., Perotta, D., Perri, Formenti A., Perri, R., Piccininni, C., Piccoli, T., Pilia, G., Pilotto, A., Poli, S., Pomati, S., Pompanin, S., Pucci, E., Puccio, G., Quaranta, D., Rainero, I., Rea, G., Realmuto, S., Riva, M., Rizzetti, M.C., Rolma, G., Rozzini, L., Sacco, L., Saibene, F.L., Scarpini, E., Sensi, S., Seripa, D., Sinforiani, E., Sorbi, S., Sorrentino, G., Spallazzi, M., Stracciari, A., Talarico, G., Tassinari, T., Thomas, A., Tiezzi, A., Tomassini, P.F., Trebbastoni, A., Tremolizzo, L., Tripi, G., Ursini, F., Vaianella, L., Valluzzi, F., Vezzadini, G., Vista, M., Volontè, M.A., On behalf of DLB-SINdem study group, and Istituto Superiore di Sanità

Published
2017
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17. Circulating miRNAs as Biomarkers for Neurodegenerative Disorders

Author

Margherita Grasso, Paola Piscopo, Annamaria Confaloni, and Michela A. Denti

Subjects
miRNAs, biomarkers, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Organic chemistry, QD241-441
Abstract

Neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD) and frontotemporal dementias (FTD), are considered distinct entities, however, there is increasing evidence of an overlap from the clinical, pathological and genetic points of view. All neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by neuronal loss and death in specific areas of the brain, for example, hippocampus and cortex for AD, midbrain for PD, frontal and temporal lobes for FTD. Loss of neurons is a relatively late event in the progression of neurodegenerative diseases that is typically preceded by other events such as metabolic changes, synaptic dysfunction and loss, neurite retraction, and the appearance of other abnormalities, such as axonal transport defects. The brain’s ability to compensate for these dysfunctions occurs over a long period of time and results in late clinical manifestation of symptoms, when successful pharmacological intervention is no longer feasible. Currently, diagnosis of AD, PD and different forms of dementia is based primarily on analysis of the patient’s cognitive function. It is therefore important to find non-invasive diagnostic methods useful to detect neurodegenerative diseases during early, preferably asymptomatic stages, when a pharmacological intervention is still possible. Altered expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) in many disease states, including neurodegeneration, and increasing relevance of miRNAs in biofluids in different pathologies has prompted the study of their possible application as neurodegenerative diseases biomarkers in order to identify new therapeutic targets. Here, we review what is known about the role of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of neurodegeneration and the possibilities and challenges of using these small RNA molecules as a signature for neurodegenerative conditions.

Published
2014
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18. Autosomal Dominant Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration Due to the C9ORF72 Hexanucleotide Repeat Expansion: Late-Onset Psychotic Clinical Presentation

Author

Galimberti, Daniela, Fenoglio, Chiara, Serpente, Maria, Villa, Chiara, Bonsi, Rossana, Arighi, Andrea, Fumagalli, Giorgio G., Del Bo, Roberto, Bruni, Amalia C., Anfossi, Maria, Clodomiro, Alessandra, Cupidi, Chiara, Nacmias, Benedetta, Sorbi, Sandro, Piaceri, Irene, Bagnoli, Silvia, Bessi, Valentina, Marcone, Alessandra, Cerami, Chiara, Cappa, Stefano F., Filippi, Massimo, Agosta, Federica, Magnani, Giuseppe, Comi, Giancarlo, Franceschi, Massimo, Rainero, Innocenzo, Giordana, Maria Teresa, Rubino, Elisa, Ferrero, Patrizia, Rogaeva, Ekaterina, Xi, Zhengrui, Confaloni, Annamaria, Piscopo, Paola, Bruno, Giuseppe, Talarico, Giuseppina, Cagnin, Annachiara, Clerici, Francesca, Dell’Osso, Bernardo, Comi, Giacomo P., Altamura, A. Carlo, Mariani, Claudio, and Scarpini, Elio

Published
2013
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19. PO-1401 MR-guided adaptive versus CT-guided SBRT for prostate cancer: where is cost-benefit balance?

Author

Castelluccia, A., primary, Marchesano, D., additional, Grimaldi, G., additional, Annessi, I., additional, Bianciardi, F., additional, Di Palma, A., additional, Confaloni, V., additional, Rea, F., additional, Tolu, B., additional, Valentino, M., additional, Verna, L., additional, Rago, M., additional, Borrazzo, C., additional, Capone, L., additional, Masi, M., additional, El Gawhary, R., additional, and Gentile, P., additional

Published
2022
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20. Activation of Tyrosine Phosphorylation Signaling in Erythrocytes of Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease

Author

Nicola Vanacore, Federica Perrone, Carmen D'Amore, Annamaria Confaloni, Giuseppe Bruno, Alessio Crestini, Marisa Cappella, Paola Piscopo, Giuseppina Talarico, and Cinzia Mallozzi

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Erythrocytes, Peptide, Protein tyrosine phosphatase, environment and public health, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Alzheimer Disease, LYN, medicine, Humans, Dementia, Phosphorylation, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, chemistry.chemical_classification, business.industry, General Neuroscience, Tyrosine phosphorylation, Transporter, medicine.disease, In vitro, enzymes and coenzymes (carbohydrates), 030104 developmental biology, chemistry, Cancer research, Tyrosine, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Signal Transduction
Abstract

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent type of dementia affecting older people. The identification of biomarkers is increasingly important and would be crucial for future therapy. Here, we demonstrated that in AD erythrocytes: (i) the anion transporter band3 is highly phosphorylated; (ii) the lyn kinase is phosphorylated and activated; (iii) the tyrosine phosphatase activity is downregulated, with a significant inverse correlation between band3 phosphorylation and disease progression, as revealed by Mini Mental State Examination score. Finally, we showed that in normal erythrocytes, treated in vitro with Aβ1-42 peptide, both band3 phosphorylation and lyn activation occurs. These results suggest that modulation of tyrosine phosphorylation signaling may be evaluated as a potential peripheral marker in AD.

Published
2020
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21. MR-guided adaptive versus CT-guided stereotactic radiotherapy for prostate cancer: Where is the best cost-benefit balance?

Author

Castelluccia, A., primary, Marchesano, D., additional, Grimaldi, G., additional, Annessi, I., additional, Bianciardi, F., additional, Di Palma, A., additional, Valentino, M., additional, Verna, L., additional, Confaloni, V., additional, Rea, F., additional, Tolu, B., additional, Borrazzo, C., additional, Rago, M., additional, Masi, M., additional, El Gawhary, R., additional, and Gentile, P.C., additional

Published
2022
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25. MicroRNAs and mild cognitive impairment: A systematic review

Author

Nicola Vanacore, Melania Filareti, Ilaria Bacigalupo, Paola Piscopo, Marco Feligioni, Elena Ficulle, Massimo Corbo, Flavia Mayer, Laura Piccolo, Eleonora Lacorte, Alessio Crestini, and Annamaria Confaloni

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Oncology, Aging, medicine.medical_specialty, Biochemistry, 03 medical and health sciences, Cognition, 0302 clinical medicine, Web of knowledge, Alzheimer Disease, Normal cognition, Statistical analyses, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Dementia, Cognitive Dysfunction, In patient, Methodological quality, Cognitive impairment, Molecular Biology, Aged, business.industry, medicine.disease, MicroRNAs, 030104 developmental biology, Neurology, Disease Progression, Biomarker (medicine), business, Biomarkers, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Biotechnology
Abstract

Background Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is usually described as an intermediate phase between normal cognition and dementia. Identifying the subjects at a higher risk of progressing from MCI to AD is essential to manage this condition. The diagnosis of MCI is mainly clinical. Several biomarkers have been proposed, but mostly for research purposes, as they are based on an invasive procedure to obtain the sample, such as cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). As a consequence, rapid and non-invasive biomarkers are needed to improve diagnosis. The objective of this systematic review is to summarize available evidence on the use of miRNAs as biomarkers in subjects with MCI. Methods Relevant literature published up to June 2018 was retrieved searching the databases PubMed, ISI Web of Knowledge and the Cochrane Database. Only studies considering microRNAs (miRNAs) and a diagnosis of MCI were included. Data were extracted using a specifically-designed standardized form, and their methodological quality was assessed using QUADAS-2 and QUIPS. Results Twenty-one studies of 153 retrieved articles met the predefined inclusion/exclusion criteria. Studies included participants ranging from 6 to 330. More than 40 miRNAs resulted as dysregulated, and miR-206 was the only miRNA that was found as differentially expressed in patients with MCI by more than two studies. However, these results have either not yet been confirmed in other independent cohorts, or data are still inconsistent. Inconsistencies among included studies could be due to several issues including the selection of participants, pre-analytical and analytical procedures, and statistical analyses.

Published
2019
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28. A Sex Perspective in Neurodegenerative Diseases: microRNAs as Possible Peripheral Biomarkers

Author

Elena Ortona, Giada Pontecorvi, Paola Piscopo, Alessio Crestini, Alessandra Carè, Valeria Manzini, Maria Bellenghi, Annamaria Confaloni, and Massimo Corbo

Subjects
sex differences, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, QH301-705.5, Disease, Review, Bioinformatics, Catalysis, Inorganic Chemistry, Sex Factors, microRNA, Medicine, Humans, neurodegenerative diseases, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Biology (General), Molecular Biology, QD1-999, Spectroscopy, business.industry, Incidence (epidemiology), Organic Chemistry, Perspective (graphical), biomarkers, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Sex specific, Computer Science Applications, Peripheral, microRNAs, Chemistry, Parkinson’s disease, business, Alzheimer’s disease
Abstract

Sex is a significant variable in the prevalence and incidence of neurological disorders. Sex differences exist in neurodegenerative disorders (NDs), where sex dimorphisms play important roles in the development and progression of Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. In the last few years, some sex specific biomarkers for the identification of NDs have been described and recent studies have suggested that microRNA (miRNA) could be included among these, as influenced by the hormonal and genetic background. Failing to consider the possible differences between males and females in miRNA evaluation could introduce a sex bias in studies by not considering some of these sex-related biomarkers. In this review, we recapitulate what is known about the sex-specific differences in peripheral miRNA levels in neurodegenerative diseases. Several studies have reported sex-linked disparities, and from the literature analysis miR-206 particularly has been shown to have a sex-specific involvement. Hopefully, in the near future, patient stratification will provide important additional clues in diagnosis, prognosis, and tailoring of the best therapeutic approaches for each patient. Sex-specific biomarkers, such as miRNAs, could represent a useful tool for characterizing subgroups of patients.

Published
2021

42. Characterising a Setting with a High Level of Informality, Integrating National and Specialised Surveys, Administrative and Census Data

Author

Massimo Napoli, Maria Alessandra Brandimarte, Anna Maria Bargagli, Elisabetta Confaloni, Nera Agabiti, Silvia Iorio, Giovanni Baglio, A Angelozzi, Miriam Errigo, Marina Davoli, Susanna Caminada, Adelaide Landi, LM Salvatori, Enrico Di Rosa, L Paglione, Maurizio Marceca, and Laura Cacciani

Subjects
education.field_of_study, State of health, urban segregation, Population, Census, urban health, social determinants of health, social inequalities in health, Geography, Multidisciplinary approach, Urbanization, Regional science, Social determinants of health, education, Social identity theory, Neighbourhood (mathematics)
Abstract

The history of the urbanization process can determine the social identity of specific places and neighbourhoods. Understanding historical processes behind the physical environment of a city is the first step in an action-research in an urban setting. The characterisation of a neighbourhood, especially in a deprived and segregated urban context, requires a multidisciplinary approach that cannot be separated from a dedicated quantitative analysis, integrating various tools and approaches. In this study’s setting, defined by a high level of informality due to a history of exclusion from the surrounding area and a structural segregation from the city’s fabric, the integration of tools and point of views had to be used to detect and assess the presence of any inequalities in health. We used administrative health data, census information, and a customised version of a national health survey, integrating different baseline populations in order to develop a global vision of the state of health. This research also includes an evaluation of social determinants of health, hospitalisation rates and access to the emergency room, as well as the general self-perception of the population’s health compared to the surrounding neighbourhoods.

Published
2020
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43. M2 receptor activation counteracts the glioblastoma cancer stem cell response to hypoxia condition

Author

Claudia Guerriero, Chiara Limongi, Mario Fiore, Annamaria Confaloni, Paola Piscopo, Ilaria Cristofaro, Alessio Crestini, Ada Maria Tata, and Luciano Conti

Subjects
cancer stem cells, Agonist, medicine.drug_class, M2 muscarinic receptor, Biology, Malignancy, Article, Catalysis, miR-210, lcsh:Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, Downregulation and upregulation, Cancer stem cell, Tumor Cells, Cultured, medicine, Humans, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Hypoxia, lcsh:QH301-705.5, Molecular Biology, Mitosis, Spectroscopy, Receptor, Muscarinic M2, Brain Neoplasms, hypoxia, Cell growth, Cancer stem cells, Organic Chemistry, MiR-210, glioblastoma, Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2, General Medicine, Hypoxia (medical), Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit, medicine.disease, Cell Hypoxia, Computer Science Applications, Oxygen, MicroRNAs, lcsh:Biology (General), lcsh:QD1-999, Neoplastic Stem Cells, Cancer research, medicine.symptom, Glioblastoma
Abstract

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most malignant brain tumor. Hypoxic condition is a predominant feature of the GBM contributing to tumor growth and resistance to conventional therapies. Hence, the identification of drugs able to impair GBM malignancy and aggressiveness is considered of great clinical relevance. Previously, we demonstrated that the activation of M2 muscarinic receptors, through the agonist arecaidine propargyl ester (Ape), arrests cell proliferation in GBM cancer stem cells (GSCs). In the present work, we have characterized the response of GSCs to hypoxic condition showing an upregulation of hypoxia-inducible factors and factors involved in the regulation of GSCs survival and proliferation. Ape treatment in hypoxic conditions is however able to inhibit cell cycle progression, causing a significant increase of aberrant mitosis with consequent decreased cell survival. Additionally, qRT-PCR analysis suggest that Ape downregulates the expression of stemness markers and miR-210 levels, one of the main regulators of the responses to hypoxic condition in different tumor types. Our data demonstrate that Ape impairs the GSCs proliferation and survival also in hypoxic condition, negatively modulating the adaptive response of GSCs to hypoxia.

Published
2020
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44. Pharmacogenomics in Alzheimer's disease: a genome-wide association study of response to cholinesterase inhibitors

Author

Martinelli-Boneschi, Filippo, Giacalone, Giacomo, Magnani, Giuseppe, Biella, Gloria, Coppi, Elisabetta, Santangelo, Roberto, Brambilla, Paola, Esposito, Federica, Lupoli, Sara, Clerici, Francesca, Benussi, Luisa, Ghidoni, Roberta, Galimberti, Daniela, Squitti, Rosanna, Confaloni, Annamaria, Bruno, Giuseppe, Pichler, Sabrina, Mayhaus, Manuel, Riemenschneider, Matthias, Mariani, Claudio, Comi, Giancarlo, Scarpini, Elio, Binetti, Giuliano, Forloni, Gianluigi, Franceschi, Massimo, and Albani, Diego

Published
2013
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48. Role of non-echo-planar diffusion-weighted images in the identification of recurrent cholesteatoma of the temporal bone

Author

Veronica Confaloni, Andrea Romano, Giulia Butera, Edoardo Covelli, Maria Camilla Rossi-Espagnet, Alessandro Bozzao, and Maurizio Barbara

Subjects
Adult, Male, Reoperation, non-EPI DWI-MRI, cholesteatoma, second-look surger, Adolescent, Sensitivity and Specificity, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Region of interest, Recurrence, Temporal bone, medicine, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, cardiovascular diseases, Prospective Studies, Child, Neuroradiology, Temporal cortex, Observer Variation, Cholesteatoma, Middle Ear, business.industry, Ultrasound, Cholesteatoma, Temporal Bone, General Medicine, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, medicine.anatomical_structure, Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging, ROC Curve, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Coronal plane, Middle ear, Female, Nuclear medicine, business
Abstract

The aim of the present prospective study was to verify the specificity of non-EPI DWI-MRI in patients operated for middle ear CHO who showed positivity at imaging performed 6 to 9 months after surgery and underwent second-look surgery. All patients underwent 1.5-T non-EPI DWI-MRI 6 to 9 months after surgery: those showing a hyper-intense signal in the middle ear underwent a revision surgery, whilst the others are still under radiological follow-up and were not considered in this study. Two radiologists independently evaluated the images; both placed a standard region of interest inside the brightest part of the observed signal alteration on coronal HASTE-DWI images. The mean and maximum signal intensity values on the DWI images were recorded for each patient. A signal intensity ratio was calculated using the inferior temporal cortex and the background noise. One hundred and forty-three subjects were evaluated for a total of 210 ears. In 116 (170 ears), a normal non-EPI DWI-MRI was found with exclusion from this study, whilst twenty-seven subjects showed a high signal lesion inside the middle ear and underwent revision surgery. According to the ROC analysis, SI, SIRT and SIRTmax showed the best statistical values in comparison with the other parameters. Residual/recurrent CHO can be accurately detected using quantitative evaluation of non-EPI DWI-MRI.

Published
2019

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