1. Species-Specific Antioxidant Power and Bioactive Properties of the Extracts Obtained from Wild Mediterranean Calendula Spp. (Asteraceae)
- Author
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Theodora Ioannou, Simona Manuguerra, Concetta Maria Messina, Andrea Santulli, Angelo Troia, Rosaria Arena, Giuseppe Renda, Eleonora Curcuraci, Claire Hellio, Department of Earth and Marine Sciences [Palermo], Università degli studi di Palermo - University of Palermo, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Concetta Maria Messina , Angelo Troia, Rosaria Arena, Simona Manuguerra, Theodora Ioannou, Eleonora Curcuraci, Giuseppe Renda, Claire Hellio, Andrea Santulli, and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
- Subjects
antioxidant ,Antioxidant ,DPPH ,medicine.medical_treatment ,calendula specie ,lcsh:Technology ,01 natural sciences ,lcsh:Chemistry ,stress ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Settore BIO/10 - Biochimica ,General Materials Science ,Food science ,Settore BIO/06 - Anatomia Comparata E Citologia ,Calendula ,lcsh:QH301-705.5 ,Instrumentation ,Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes ,0303 health sciences ,biology ,plants ,General Engineering ,Supercritical fluid extraction ,lcsh:QC1-999 ,Computer Science Applications ,Solvent ,antioxidants ,calendula species ,opuntia-ficus-indica ,03 medical and health sciences ,medicine ,Acetone ,by-products ,polyphenols ,030304 developmental biology ,lcsh:T ,ACL ,Process Chemistry and Technology ,Extraction (chemistry) ,assay ,biology.organism_classification ,0104 chemical sciences ,010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistry ,lcsh:Biology (General) ,lcsh:QD1-999 ,chemistry ,lcsh:TA1-2040 ,Polyphenol ,bioactivity ,Settore BIO/03 - Botanica Ambientale E Applicata ,flavonoids ,marigold ,supercritical fluid extraction ,[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology ,lcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,lcsh:Physics ,phenolic composition - Abstract
In this study we focused on four taxa of the genus Calendula (C. maritima, C. suffruticosa subsp. fulgida, C. arvensis, and the hybrid between the first two ones), collected in Mediterranean area (Sicily). Six extracts for each species were obtained using solvents with increasing polarity (hexane, ethanol 80%, acetone 70%, and water) and through extraction by supercritical fluids (SFE). It has been observed that the solvent with the highest extraction efficiency was ethanol 80% for all species. However, SFE extracts showed high antioxidant activity comparable to the ethanol 80% extract (polyphenol, DPPH, and reducing power method). These findings were confirmed by in vitro analysis (MTT assay) where it was observed that the tested concentration (24 µ, g/mL), obtained from ethanol 80% and SFE extracts, showed a protective effect comparable to that induced by a synthetic antioxidant. Extraction with SFE ensured a great selectivity by avoiding the use of toxic organic solvents and thus consisted of a promising technique for sustainable production of Calendula extracts.
- Published
- 2019
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