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Characterization of 2-year progression of different risk phenotypes in eyes with mild and moderate nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) in type 2 diabetes (T2D). A 2-year prospective longitudinal cohort study (CORDIS, NCT03696810) was conducted. Ophthalmological examinations were performed including best corrected visual acuity, color fundus photography and optical coherence tomography (OCT and OCTA). OCT metrics, central retinal thickness and ganglion cell layer + inner plexiform layer (GCL + IPL) thickness were analyzed. OCTA metrics, vessel density (VD), perfusion density (PD) and area of intercapillary spaces (AIS) were obtained from superficial and deep capillary plexus (SCP, DCP). Only phenotype C identified by decreased VD ≥ 2 SD of healthy controls and phenotype B identified by subclinical macular edema with decreased VD

INTRODUÇÃO: A Pandemia por COVID-19 deixou a população em um grande estado de vulnerabilidade. Com o isolamento e o número crescente de casos e letalidades, enfrentamos um novo desafio: a busca por informações e recomendações de saúde sobre a doença e medidas de prevenção, fazendo com o que usuários de todo o mundo fizessem buscas na internet sobre o tema. OBJETIVO: O presente artigo tem o objetivo de descrever processo de gerenciamento da produção de conteúdo digital como fonte fidedigna de informações sobre a área do envelhecimento durante a pandemia por COVID-19. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de estudo descritivo, do tipo relato de experiência. As atividades aqui mencionadas foram realizadas no período de 15 de março de 2020 a 12 abril de 2021 no perfil de uma geriatra no Rio de Janeiro. As postagens para as redes sociais Facebook® e Instagram® foram realizadas duas vezes por semana. RESULTADOS: A utilização das redes sociais ajudou a levar informações fidedignas para as pessoas que estavam isoladas, tanto em artes estáticas, como em vídeos. CONCLUSÃO: Conseguimos perceber que, mesmo com o crescimento da rede da Geriatra o retorno foi positivo, conseguimos ajudar as pessoas, trazendo assuntos pertinentes e com embasamento científico, para sanar dúvidas, ajudar na prevenção e diminuir o medo. Destacamos a importância das redes sociais para atingir o público de uma forma democrática e gratuita.

Characterization of 2-year progression of different risk phenotypes in eyes with mild and moderate nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) in type 2 diabetes (T2D).A 2-year prospective longitudinal cohort study (CORDIS, NCT03696810) was conducted. Ophthalmological examinations were performed including best corrected visual acuity, color fundus photography and optical coherence tomography (OCT and OCTA). OCT metrics, central retinal thickness and ganglion cell layer + inner plexiform layer (GCL + IPL) thickness were analyzed. OCTA metrics, vessel density (VD), perfusion density (PD) and area of intercapillary spaces (AIS) were obtained from superficial and deep capillary plexus (SCP, DCP). Only phenotype C identified by decreased VD ≥ 2 SD of healthy controls and phenotype B identified by subclinical macular edema with decreased VD 2 SD of healthy controls were included.One hundred twenty-two eyes from T2D individuals were included in study; 65 eyes (53%) were classified as phenotype B and 57 eyes (47%) as phenotype C. For phenotype B, progression was associated with thinning of the GCL + IPL (ETDRS 35, 1 year p = 0.013, 2 year p 0.001; ETDRS 43-47, 2 year p = 0.003) and vessel closure involving mainly the DCP for both ETDRS grades (ETDRS 35, 1 year p = 0.025, 2 year p = 0.034; ETDRS 43-47, 1 year p = 0.011). For phenotype C there was also progressive thinning of the GCL + IPL (ETDRS 35, in both years p ≤ 0.001; ETDRS 43-47, 1 year p = 0.002, 2 year p = 0.001), with vessel closure involving mainly SCP (ETDRS 35, 1 year p = 0.012, 2 year p = 0.023 in full-retina), which appeared to stabilize at maximal values in ETDRS grade 43-47 at the end of 2 years. ETDRS severity changes at the end of the 2-year period showed that worsening was associated with phenotype C with changes involving predominantly the SCP (VD, p = 0.005; PD, p = 0.008; AIS, p = 0.005).Association between ETDRS classification of NPDR severity and identification of different risk phenotypes offers new perspective to predict disease progression in T2D individuals with NPDR.

Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi (Anacardiaceae) is popularly known in Brazil as aroeira-da-praia and has pharmacological use as an astringent, antidiarrheal, anti-inflammatory, depurative, diuretic,...

Schinus terebenthifolius e popularmente conhecida como aroeira, e uma planta amplamente utilizada na medicina popular para o tratamento de varias doencas. A composicao quimica do oleo essencial de S. terebenthifolius de diferentes partes do mundo e descrita na literatura, entretanto, nao ha relatos comparativos da composicao de oleos essenciais de diferentes sexos desta planta. Neste contexto, este estudo teve como objetivo determinar a composicao do oleo essencial de folhas (plantas masculinas e femininas) e frutos verdes e maduros de S. terebenthifolius. Os oleos essenciais foram obtidos por hidrodestilacao e a composicao quimica determinada por CG-EM e CG-DIC. Quanto a composicao quimica, todos os oleos essenciais apresentaram predominância de compostos monoterpenos, com excecao do oleo essencial de folhas de planta feminina, que apresentou maior teor de constituintes sesquiterpenicos. O monoterpeno D-limoneno (39,52-96,61%) foi apresentado como o principal componente volatil das folhas (planta masculina) e em frutos verdes. O sesquiterpeno β-cariofileno (30,20%) e o monoterpeno terpinen-4-ol (64,59%) foram identificados como principais constituintes dos oleos essenciais extraidos das folhas da planta feminina e dos frutos maduros, respectivamente. Portanto, os volateis de S. terebinthifolius poderiam ser usados para diferenciar os generos masculino e feminino.

Neem fruit (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.) are popularly used to treat infections, diarrhea, fever, bronchitis, skin diseases, infected burns and hypertension. Although the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory potential of A. indica has already been investigated in experimental models of pain and inflammation in mice, the current research is the first to report the evaluation of the capacity of A. indica fruit ethanolic extract (EtFrNeem) in acute pain attenuation using the adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) as an alternative model to the use in rodents. EtFrNeem was submitted to antioxidant action, preliminary chemical prospecting, FT-IR and determination of phenol and flavonoid content tests. Subsequently, EtFrNeem was tested for acute nociception and abdominal inflammation, locomotor activity, and acute toxicity in adult zebrafish. Possible neuromodulation mechanisms were also evaluated. EtFrNeem showed low antioxidant activity, but was shown to be rich in flavonoids. EtFrNeem showed no anti-inflammatory action, did not alter the locomotor system, and it was not toxic. However, EtFrNeem significantly reduced the nociceptive behavior induced by formalin, glutamate and acidic saline, when compared to the control group. These effects of EtFrNeem were significantly similar to those of morphine, used as a positive control. The antinociceptive effect of EtFrNeem was inhibited by naloxone, ketamine and amiloride. EtFrNeem has the pharmacological potential for acute pain treatment and this effect is modulated by the opioid system, NMDA receptors and ASICs channels. These results lead us to studies of isolation and characterization of EtFrNeem bioactive principles, using adult zebrafish as an experimental model.

O Banco Ativo de Germoplasma de Macaúba da Embrapa Cerrados (BAGMC), conta com 100 acessos de diferentes regiões do território brasileiro.

Mimosa tenuiflora (Willd.) Poiret, popularly known in Brazil as "jurema-preta" is widely used against bronchitis, fever, headache and inflammation. Its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive potential has already been reported. To assess the orofacial antinociceptive effect of M. tenuiflora, ethanolic extracts of M. tenuiflora (leaves, twigs, barks and roots) were submitted to in vitro tests of antioxidant activity. The extract with the highest antioxidant potential was partitioned and subjected to preliminary chemical prospecting, GC-MS, measurement of phenolic content and cytotoxicity tests of the fraction with the highest antioxidant activity. The nontoxic fraction with the highest antioxidant activity (FATEM) was subjected to tests of acute and chronic orofacial nociception and locomotor activity. The possible mechanisms of neuromodulation were also assessed. The EtOAc fraction, obtained from the ethanolic extract of M. tenuiflora barks, was the one with the highest antioxidant potential and nontoxic (FATEM), and Benzyloxyamine was the major constituent (34.27%). FATEM did not alter the locomotor system of mice and reduced significantly the orofacial nociceptive behavior induced by formalin, glutamate, capsaicin, cinnamaldehyde or acidic saline compared to the control group. FATEM also inhibited formalin- or mustard oil-induced temporomandibular nociception. In addition, it also reduced mustard oil-induced orofacial muscle nociception. However, FATEM did not alter hypertonic saline-induced corneal nociception. Neuropathic nociception was reversed by treatment with FATEM. The antinociceptive effect of FATEM was inhibited by naloxone, L-NAME and glibenclamide. FATEM has pharmacological potential for the treatment of acute and neuropathic orofacial pain and this effect is modulated by the opioid system, nitric oxide and ATP-sensitive potassium channels. These results lead us to studies of isolation and characterization of bioactive principles.