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2. Languages in European university alliances. Challenges and issues

Author

M. Zanola (ORCID:0000-0002-2905-135X), Zanola, Mariateresa, Conceiçao, M. C., M. Zanola (ORCID:0000-0002-2905-135X), Zanola, Mariateresa, and Conceiçao, M. C.

Abstract

In an era marked by interconnectedness of the post-globalisation (and some de-globalisation movements) European Universities Alliances (EUAs) stand at the forefront of this transformation. They are pioneering initiatives that foster deeper integration and cooperation among Europe universities. These Alliances involve not only the potential merging of educational programmes and research efforts but also standardisations that deny the abundance of perspectives (as some critics say) versus embracing and promoting the rich tapestry of culture and languages that define our geography.

Published
2024

3. Production of Energy—The Second Generation Ethanol and Prospects

Author

Leão, D. A. S., Conceição, M. M., Conrado, L. S., Morais, C. R. S., Souza, A. G., Lima, C. S. S., Silva Neto, J. M., Silva, F. L. H., Öchsner, Andreas, Series editor, da Silva, Lucas F. M., Series editor, Altenbach, Holm, Series editor, Delgado, J.M.P.Q., editor, and Barbosa de Lima, A. Gilson, editor

Published
2016
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10. Cluster analysis identifies distinct pathogenetic patterns in c3 glomerulopathies/immune complex–Mediated membranoproliferative GN

Author

Iatropoulos, P, Daina, E, Curreri, M, Piras, R, Valoti, E, Mele, C, Bresin, E, Gamba, S, Alberti, M, Breno, M, Perna, A, Bettoni, S, Sabadini, E, Murer, L, Vivarelli, M, Noris, M, Remuzzi, G, Bottanelli, L, Donadelli, R, Cuccarolo, P, Abbate, M, Carrara, C, Cannata, A, Ferrari, S, Gaspari, F, Stucchi, N, Bassani, C, Lena, M, Omati, G, Taruscia, D, Bellantuono, R, Giordano, M, Messina, G, Caruso, M, Gotti, E, Mescia, F, Perticucci, E, Schieppati, A, Verdoni, L, Berto, M, Baraldi, O, Montini, G, Pasini, A, Passler, W, Degasperi, T, Gaggiotti, M, Gregorini, G, Miglietti, N, Guarnieri, A, Cirami, L, Roperto, R, Di Giorgio, G, Barbano, G, Innocenti, M, Ghiggeri, G, Magnasco, A, Rolla, D, Casartelli, D, Lambertini, D, Maggio, M, Cosci, P, Conti, G, Amar, K, Ardissino, G, Marinosci, A, Sinico, R, Montoli, A, Bonucchi, D, Facchini, F, Furci, L, Ferretti, A, Nuzzi, F, Pecoraro, C, Visciano, B, Canavese, C, Radin, E, Stratta, P, Nordio, M, Benetti, E, Parolin, M, Alberici, F, Manenti, L, Brugnano, R, Manenti, F, Capitanini, A, Emma, F, Massella, L, Rosa, M, Mazzon, M, Basso, E, Besso, L, Lavacca, A, Mella, A, Bertero, M, Coppo, R, Peruzzi, L, Porcellini, M, Piccoli, G, Clari, R, Pasi, A, Gangemi, C, Alfandary, H, Dagan, A, Conceiçao, M, Sameiro, F, Croze, L, Malvezzi, P, Tsygin, A, Zelan, B, Nastasi, N, Iatropoulos, Paraskevas, Daina, Erica, Curreri, Manuela, Piras, Rossella, Valoti, Elisabetta, Mele, Caterina, Bresin, Elena, Gamba, Sara, Alberti, Marta, Breno, Matteo, Perna, Annalisa, Bettoni, Serena, Sabadini, Ettore, Murer, Luisa, Vivarelli, Marina, Noris, Marina, Remuzzi, Giuseppe, Bottanelli, L., Donadelli, R., Cuccarolo, P., Abbate, M., Carrara, C., Cannata, A., Ferrari, S., Gaspari, F., Stucchi, N., Bassani, C., Lena, M., Omati, G., Taruscia, D., Bellantuono, R., Giordano, M., Messina, G., Caruso, M., Gotti, E., Mescia, F., Perticucci, E., Schieppati, A., Verdoni, L., Berto, M., Baraldi, O., Montini, G., Pasini, A., Passler, W., Degasperi, T., Gaggiotti, M., Gregorini, G., Miglietti, N., Guarnieri, A., Cirami, L., Roperto, R. M., Di Giorgio, G., Barbano, G., Innocenti, M. L. D., Ghiggeri, G. M., Magnasco, A., Rolla, D., Casartelli, D., Lambertini, D., Maggio, M., Cosci, P. M., Conti, G., Amar, K., Ardissino, G., Marinosci, A., Sinico, R. A., Montoli, A., Bonucchi, D., Facchini, F., Furci, L., Ferretti, A., Nuzzi, F., Pecoraro, C., Visciano, B., Canavese, C., Radin, E., Stratta, P., Nordio, M., Benetti, E., Parolin, M., Alberici, F., Manenti, L., Brugnano, R., Manenti, F., Capitanini, A., Emma, F., Massella, L., Rosa, M., Mazzon, M., Basso, E., Besso, L., Lavacca, A., Mella, A., Bertero, M., Coppo, R., Peruzzi, L., Porcellini, M. G., Piccoli, G. B., Clari, R., Pasi, A., Gangemi, C., Alfandary, H., Dagan, A., Conceiçao, M., Sameiro, F. M., Croze, L., Malvezzi, P., Tsygin, A., Zelan, B., Nastasi, null, Iatropoulos, P, Daina, E, Curreri, M, Piras, R, Valoti, E, Mele, C, Bresin, E, Gamba, S, Alberti, M, Breno, M, Perna, A, Bettoni, S, Sabadini, E, Murer, L, Vivarelli, M, Noris, M, Remuzzi, G, Bottanelli, L, Donadelli, R, Cuccarolo, P, Abbate, M, Carrara, C, Cannata, A, Ferrari, S, Gaspari, F, Stucchi, N, Bassani, C, Lena, M, Omati, G, Taruscia, D, Bellantuono, R, Giordano, M, Messina, G, Caruso, M, Gotti, E, Mescia, F, Perticucci, E, Schieppati, A, Verdoni, L, Berto, M, Baraldi, O, Montini, G, Pasini, A, Passler, W, Degasperi, T, Gaggiotti, M, Gregorini, G, Miglietti, N, Guarnieri, A, Cirami, L, Roperto, R, Di Giorgio, G, Barbano, G, Innocenti, M, Ghiggeri, G, Magnasco, A, Rolla, D, Casartelli, D, Lambertini, D, Maggio, M, Cosci, P, Conti, G, Amar, K, Ardissino, G, Marinosci, A, Sinico, R, Montoli, A, Bonucchi, D, Facchini, F, Furci, L, Ferretti, A, Nuzzi, F, Pecoraro, C, Visciano, B, Canavese, C, Radin, E, Stratta, P, Nordio, M, Benetti, E, Parolin, M, Alberici, F, Manenti, L, Brugnano, R, Manenti, F, Capitanini, A, Emma, F, Massella, L, Rosa, M, Mazzon, M, Basso, E, Besso, L, Lavacca, A, Mella, A, Bertero, M, Coppo, R, Peruzzi, L, Porcellini, M, Piccoli, G, Clari, R, Pasi, A, Gangemi, C, Alfandary, H, Dagan, A, Conceiçao, M, Sameiro, F, Croze, L, Malvezzi, P, Tsygin, A, Zelan, B, Nastasi, N, Iatropoulos, Paraskevas, Daina, Erica, Curreri, Manuela, Piras, Rossella, Valoti, Elisabetta, Mele, Caterina, Bresin, Elena, Gamba, Sara, Alberti, Marta, Breno, Matteo, Perna, Annalisa, Bettoni, Serena, Sabadini, Ettore, Murer, Luisa, Vivarelli, Marina, Noris, Marina, Remuzzi, Giuseppe, Bottanelli, L., Donadelli, R., Cuccarolo, P., Abbate, M., Carrara, C., Cannata, A., Ferrari, S., Gaspari, F., Stucchi, N., Bassani, C., Lena, M., Omati, G., Taruscia, D., Bellantuono, R., Giordano, M., Messina, G., Caruso, M., Gotti, E., Mescia, F., Perticucci, E., Schieppati, A., Verdoni, L., Berto, M., Baraldi, O., Montini, G., Pasini, A., Passler, W., Degasperi, T., Gaggiotti, M., Gregorini, G., Miglietti, N., Guarnieri, A., Cirami, L., Roperto, R. M., Di Giorgio, G., Barbano, G., Innocenti, M. L. D., Ghiggeri, G. M., Magnasco, A., Rolla, D., Casartelli, D., Lambertini, D., Maggio, M., Cosci, P. M., Conti, G., Amar, K., Ardissino, G., Marinosci, A., Sinico, R. A., Montoli, A., Bonucchi, D., Facchini, F., Furci, L., Ferretti, A., Nuzzi, F., Pecoraro, C., Visciano, B., Canavese, C., Radin, E., Stratta, P., Nordio, M., Benetti, E., Parolin, M., Alberici, F., Manenti, L., Brugnano, R., Manenti, F., Capitanini, A., Emma, F., Massella, L., Rosa, M., Mazzon, M., Basso, E., Besso, L., Lavacca, A., Mella, A., Bertero, M., Coppo, R., Peruzzi, L., Porcellini, M. G., Piccoli, G. B., Clari, R., Pasi, A., Gangemi, C., Alfandary, H., Dagan, A., Conceiçao, M., Sameiro, F. M., Croze, L., Malvezzi, P., Tsygin, A., Zelan, B., and Nastasi, null

Abstract

Membranoproliferative GN (MPGN) was recently reclassified as alternative pathway complement–mediated C3 glomerulopathy (C3G) and immune complex–mediated membranoproliferative GN (IC-MPGN). However, genetic and acquired alternative pathway abnormalities are also observed in IC-MPGN. Here, we explored the presence of distinct disease entities characterized by specific pathophysiologic mechanisms. We performed unsupervised hierarchical clustering, a data-driven statistical approach, on histologic, genetic, and clinical data and data regarding serum/plasma complement parameters from 173 patients with C3G/IC-MPGN. This approach divided patients into four clusters, indicating the existence of four different pathogenetic patterns. Specifically, this analysis separated patients with fluid-phase complement activation (clusters 1–3) who had low serum C3 levels and a high prevalence of genetic and acquired alternative pathway abnormalities from patients with solid-phase complement activation (cluster 4) who had normal or mildly altered serum C3, late disease onset, and poor renal survival. In patients with fluid-phase complement activation, those in clusters 1 and 2 had massive activation of the alternative pathway, including activation of the terminal pathway, and the highest prevalence of subendothelial deposits, but those in cluster 2 had additional activation of the classic pathway and the highest prevalence of nephrotic syndrome at disease onset. Patients in cluster 3 had prevalent activation of C3 convertase and highly electron-dense intramembranous deposits. In addition, we provide a simple algorithm to assign patients with C3G/IC-MPGN to specific clusters. These distinct clusters may facilitate clarification of disease etiology, improve risk assessment for ESRD, and pave the way for personalized treatment.

Published
2018

14. O Estudo do Meio e a Expansão Urbana Recente de Feira de Santana

Author

Maria Cleonice B. Braga, Maria da Conceição M. Queiróz, Maria Cleonice B. Braga, and Maria da Conceição M. Queiróz

Abstract

Como ensinar futuros professores a desenvolverem estudos do meio com seus alunos? Por que esse aprendizado é importante para eles? E para os alunos? Conforme indicam essas questões, o livro é dedicado a apresentar o processo de elaboração, bem como os resultados de um estudo do meio, realizado por duas docentes e seis estudantes do ensino superior com estudantes do ensino médio, sobre o desenvolvimento urbano recente de Feira de Santana (BA).A obra é destinada aos professores do ensino básico e futuros docentes de Geografia e áreas afins que podem explorar a experiência de planejar, executar, organizar informações e traduzir em diversas linguagens para as comunidades escolares os resultados de um estudo do meio.

Published
2020

19. Cluster Analysis Identifies Distinct Pathogenetic Patterns in C3 Glomerulopathies/Immune Complex–Mediated Membranoproliferative GN

Author

Iatropoulos, Paraskevas, Daina, Erica, Curreri, Manuela, Piras, Rossella, Valoti, Elisabetta, Mele, Caterina, Bresin, Elena, Gamba, Sara, Alberti, Marta, Breno, Matteo, Perna, Annalisa, Bettoni, Serena, Sabadini, Ettore, Murer, Luisa, Vivarelli, Marina, Noris, Marina, Remuzzi, Giuseppe, Bottanelli, L., Donadelli, R., Cuccarolo, P., Abbate, M., Carrara, C., Cannata, A., Ferrari, S., Gaspari, F., Stucchi, N., Bassani, C., Lena, M., Omati, G., Taruscia, D., Bellantuono, R., Giordano, M., Messina, G., Caruso, M., Gotti, E., Mescia, F., Perticucci, E., Schieppati, A., Verdoni, L., Berto, M., Baraldi, O., Montini, G., Pasini, A., Passler, W., Degasperi, T., Gaggiotti, M., Gregorini, G., Miglietti, N., Guarnieri, A., Cirami, L., Roperto, R. M., Di Giorgio, G., Barbano, G., Innocenti, M. L. D., Ghiggeri, G. M., Magnasco, A., Rolla, D., Casartelli, D., Lambertini, D., Maggio, M., Cosci, P. M., Conti, G., Amar, K., Ardissino, G., Marinosci, A., Sinico, R. A., Montoli, A., Bonucchi, D., Facchini, F., Furci, L., Ferretti, A., Nuzzi, F., Pecoraro, C., Visciano, B., Canavese, C., Radin, E., Stratta, P., Nordio, M., Benetti, E., Parolin, M., Alberici, F., Manenti, L., Brugnano, R., Manenti, F., Capitanini, A., Emma, F., Massella, L., Rosa, M., Mazzon, M., Basso, E., Besso, L., Lavacca, A., Mella, A., Bertero, M., Coppo, R., Peruzzi, L., Porcellini, M. G., Piccoli, G. B., Clari, R., Pasi, A., Gangemi, C., Alfandary, H., Dagan, A., Conceiçao, M., Sameiro, F. M., Croze, L., Malvezzi, P., Tsygin, A., Zelan, B., Nastasi, null, Iatropoulos, P, Daina, E, Curreri, M, Piras, R, Valoti, E, Mele, C, Bresin, E, Gamba, S, Alberti, M, Breno, M, Perna, A, Bettoni, S, Sabadini, E, Murer, L, Vivarelli, M, Noris, M, Remuzzi, G, Bottanelli, L, Donadelli, R, Cuccarolo, P, Abbate, M, Carrara, C, Cannata, A, Ferrari, S, Gaspari, F, Stucchi, N, Bassani, C, Lena, M, Omati, G, Taruscia, D, Bellantuono, R, Giordano, M, Messina, G, Caruso, M, Gotti, E, Mescia, F, Perticucci, E, Schieppati, A, Verdoni, L, Berto, M, Baraldi, O, Montini, G, Pasini, A, Passler, W, Degasperi, T, Gaggiotti, M, Gregorini, G, Miglietti, N, Guarnieri, A, Cirami, L, Roperto, R, Di Giorgio, G, Barbano, G, Innocenti, M, Ghiggeri, G, Magnasco, A, Rolla, D, Casartelli, D, Lambertini, D, Maggio, M, Cosci, P, Conti, G, Amar, K, Ardissino, G, Marinosci, A, Sinico, R, Montoli, A, Bonucchi, D, Facchini, F, Furci, L, Ferretti, A, Nuzzi, F, Pecoraro, C, Visciano, B, Canavese, C, Radin, E, Stratta, P, Nordio, M, Benetti, E, Parolin, M, Alberici, F, Manenti, L, Brugnano, R, Manenti, F, Capitanini, A, Emma, F, Massella, L, Rosa, M, Mazzon, M, Basso, E, Besso, L, Lavacca, A, Mella, A, Bertero, M, Coppo, R, Peruzzi, L, Porcellini, M, Piccoli, G, Clari, R, Pasi, A, Gangemi, C, Alfandary, H, Dagan, A, Conceiçao, M, Sameiro, F, Croze, L, Malvezzi, P, Tsygin, A, Zelan, B, and Nastasi, N

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Complement system, Glomerulonephritis, Membranoproliferative, membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN), 030232 urology & nephrology, Disease, Antigen-Antibody Complex, Biology, Kidney, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Glomerulopathy, Clinical Research, medicine, Dense Deposit Disease, Humans, C3 glomerulopathy, General Medicine, Complement System Proteins, C3 glomerulonephriti, medicine.disease, C3-convertase, Immune complex, 030104 developmental biology, Nephrology, Immunology, Alternative complement pathway, Nephrotic syndrome, Rare disease
Abstract

Membranoproliferative GN (MPGN) was recently reclassified as alternative pathway complement–mediated C3 glomerulopathy (C3G) and immune complex–mediated membranoproliferative GN (IC-MPGN). However, genetic and acquired alternative pathway abnormalities are also observed in IC-MPGN. Here, we explored the presence of distinct disease entities characterized by specific pathophysiologic mechanisms. We performed unsupervised hierarchical clustering, a data-driven statistical approach, on histologic, genetic, and clinical data and data regarding serum/plasma complement parameters from 173 patients with C3G/IC-MPGN. This approach divided patients into four clusters, indicating the existence of four different pathogenetic patterns. Specifically, this analysis separated patients with fluid-phase complement activation (clusters 1–3) who had low serum C3 levels and a high prevalence of genetic and acquired alternative pathway abnormalities from patients with solid-phase complement activation (cluster 4) who had normal or mildly altered serum C3, late disease onset, and poor renal survival. In patients with fluid-phase complement activation, those in clusters 1 and 2 had massive activation of the alternative pathway, including activation of the terminal pathway, and the highest prevalence of subendothelial deposits, but those in cluster 2 had additional activation of the classic pathway and the highest prevalence of nephrotic syndrome at disease onset. Patients in cluster 3 had prevalent activation of C3 convertase and highly electron-dense intramembranous deposits. In addition, we provide a simple algorithm to assign patients with C3G/IC-MPGN to specific clusters. These distinct clusters may facilitate clarification of disease etiology, improve risk assessment for ESRD, and pave the way for personalized treatment.

Published
2017

21. ADPedKD: A Global Online Platform on the Management of Children With ADPKD

Author

De Rechter, Stéphanie, primary, Bockenhauer, Detlef, additional, Guay-Woodford, Lisa M., additional, Liu, Isaac, additional, Mallett, Andrew J., additional, Soliman, Neveen A., additional, Sylvestre, Lucimary C., additional, Schaefer, Franz, additional, Liebau, Max C., additional, Mekahli, Djalila, additional, Adamczyk, P., additional, Akinci, N., additional, Alpay, H., additional, Ardelean, C., additional, Ayasreh, N., additional, Aydin, Z., additional, Bael, A., additional, Baudouin, V., additional, Bayrakci, U.S., additional, Bensman, A., additional, Bialkevich, H., additional, Biebuyck, A., additional, Boyer, O., additional, Bjanid, O., additional, Bryłka, A., additional, Çalışkan, S., additional, Cambier, A., additional, Camelio, A., additional, Carbone, V., additional, Charbit, M., additional, Chiodini, B., additional, Chirita, A., additional, Çiçek, N., additional, Cerkauskiene, R., additional, Collard, L., additional, Conceiçao, M., additional, Constantinescu, I., additional, Couderc, A., additional, Crapella, B., additional, Cvetkovic, M., additional, Dima, B., additional, Diomeda, F., additional, Docx, M., additional, Dolan, N., additional, Dossier, C., additional, Drozdz, D., additional, Drube, J., additional, Dunand, O., additional, Dusan, P., additional, Eid, L.A., additional, Emma, F., additional, Espino Hernandez, M., additional, Fila, M., additional, Furlano, M., additional, Gafencu, M., additional, Ghuysen, M.S., additional, Giani, M., additional, Giordano, M., additional, Girisgen, I., additional, Godefroid, N., additional, Godron-Dubrasquet, A., additional, Gojkovic, I., additional, Gonzalez, E., additional, Gökçe, I., additional, Groothoff, J.W., additional, Guarino, S., additional, Guffens, A., additional, Hansen, P., additional, Harambat, J., additional, Haumann, S., additional, He, G., additional, Heidet, L., additional, Helmy, R., additional, Hemery, F., additional, Hooman, N., additional, llanas, B., additional, Jankauskiene, A., additional, Janssens, P., additional, Karamaria, S., additional, Kazyra, I., additional, Koenig, J., additional, Krid, S., additional, Krug, P., additional, Kwon, V., additional, La Manna, A., additional, Leroy, V., additional, Litwin, M., additional, Lombet, J., additional, Longo, G., additional, Lungu, A.C., additional, Mallawaarachchi, A., additional, Marin, A., additional, Marzuillo, P., additional, Massella, L., additional, Mastrangelo, A., additional, McCarthy, H., additional, Miklaszewska, M., additional, Moczulska, A., additional, Montini, G., additional, Morawiec-Knysak, A., additional, Morin, D., additional, Murer, L., additional, Negru, I., additional, Nobili, F., additional, Obrycki, L., additional, Otoukesh, H., additional, Özcan, S., additional, Pape, L., additional, Papizh, S., additional, Parvex, P., additional, Pawlak-Bratkowska, M., additional, Prikhodina, L., additional, Prytula, A., additional, Quinlan, C., additional, Raes, A., additional, Ranchin, B., additional, Ranguelov, N., additional, Repeckiene, R., additional, Ronit, C., additional, Salomon, R., additional, Santagelo, R., additional, Saygılı, S.K., additional, Schaefer, S., additional, Schreuder, M., additional, Schurmans, T., additional, Seeman, T., additional, Segers, N., additional, Sinha, M., additional, Snauwaert, E., additional, Spasojevic, B., additional, Stabouli, S., additional, Stoica, C., additional, Stroescu, R., additional, Szczepanik, E., additional, Szczepańska, M., additional, Taranta-Janusz, K., additional, Teixeira, A., additional, Thumfart, J., additional, Tkaczyk, M., additional, Torra, R., additional, Torres, D., additional, Tram, N., additional, Utsch, B., additional, Vande Walle, J., additional, Vieux, R., additional, Vitkevic, R., additional, Wilhelm-Bals, A., additional, Wühl, E., additional, Yildirim, Z.Y., additional, Yüksel, S., additional, and Zachwieja, K., additional

Published
2019
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22. Spread and Diversity of Human Populations in Bahia, Brazil

Author

Azevêdo, Eliane S., Fortuna, Cristina M. M., Silva, Katia M. C., das Graças F. Sousa, Maria, Machado, Maria Auxiliadora, Lima, Ângela M. V. M. D., Aguiar, Maria E., Abé, Kiyoko, Eulálio, Maria Conceição M. N., Conceição, Maria Mendes, Conccicao, Maria Mendes, Silva, Maria Christina B. O., and das Graças Santos, Maria

Published
1982

32. Terminologie e politiche linguistiche

Author

Zanola, Mariateresa, Conceiçao, M. C., and Guasco, P.

Subjects
Settore L-LIN/02 - DIDATTICA DELLE LINGUE MODERNE, Settore L-LIN/01 - GLOTTOLOGIA E LINGUISTICA, terminologie, politique linguistique, Settore L-LIN/04 - LINGUA E TRADUZIONE - LINGUA FRANCESE, políticas lingüísticas, terminología
Published
2016

34. Terminologie e politiche linguistiche

Author

Zanola, Mariateresa (ORCID:0000-0002-2905-135X), Zanola, MT, Villa, ML, Depecker, L, Conceiçao, MC, Palacios Garcia, J, Cilianu-Lascu, C, Singala Nunez, M, Darras, X, Pozzi, M, Lalanne de Servente, E, Vellutino, D, Montes Pérez, D, Sabater Berenguer, M, Rossi, M, Vicari, S, Zanola, Mariateresa, Conceiçao, M. C., Guasco, P., Zanola, Mariateresa (ORCID:0000-0002-2905-135X), Zanola, MT, Villa, ML, Depecker, L, Conceiçao, MC, Palacios Garcia, J, Cilianu-Lascu, C, Singala Nunez, M, Darras, X, Pozzi, M, Lalanne de Servente, E, Vellutino, D, Montes Pérez, D, Sabater Berenguer, M, Rossi, M, Vicari, S, Zanola, Mariateresa, Conceiçao, M. C., and Guasco, P.

Abstract

L’analisi delle iniziative più efficaci per la diffusione e la promozione delle terminologie neolatine da parte degli Stati, dei governi, degli organismi intergovernativi e delle organizzazioni internazionali, delle istituzioni che si occupano di politica linguistica, è oggetto delle azioni e delle preoccupazioni della Rete panlatina di terminologia REALITER (RÉseau d’Aménagement LInguistique et TERminologique des langues d’origine latine), che opera attivamente dal 1993. La Rete suscita dibattiti intorno al fatto che ogni lingua è un prezioso patrimonio nazionale e internazionale e che imprescindibile è il nesso che intercorre fra la lingua in uso in un Paese e la realtà tecnica e produttiva, scientifica e culturale di quel Paese stesso. Il volume riunisce i contributi dell'Ottava Giornata scientifica REALITER, tenutasi a Milano presso l'Università Cattolica nel 2012, e illustra il dibattito intorno al rapporto nello spazio europeo e americano fra terminologie e politiche linguistiche, in catalano, francese, italiano, portoghese, spagnolo, romeno., L’objet des actions du Réseau panlatin de terminologie REALITER (“RÉseau d’Aménagement LInguistique et TERminologique des langues d’origine latine”) est l’analyse des initiatives les plus efficaces pour la diffusion des terminologies et pour leur promotion de la part des Etats, des gouvernements, des organismes internationaux qui s’occupent de politique linguistique. Le Réseau est actif depuis 1993 et continue de susciter des débats autour du fait que chaque langue est un patrimoine national et international précieux et que le rapport entre la langue d’un pays et la réalité technique, productive, scientifique et culturelle de ce pays même est un des plus profonds. Ce volume réunit les contributions de la Huitième Journée Scientifique REALITER, qui s'est tenue à Milan (Università Cattolica) en 2012, et illustre le débat autour du rapport entre terminologies et politiques linguistiques en catalan, espagnol, français, galicien, italien, portugais, roumain, couvrant l'espace européen et américain., El objetivo de las acciones de la Red Panlatina de Terminología REALITER (“RÉseau d’Aménagement LInguistique et TERminologique des langues d’origine latine”) es el análisis de las iniciativas más eficaces para la difusión de terminologías y su promoción por parte de los estados, de los gobiernos, de los organismos internacionales que se ocupan de política lingüística. La Red está activa desde 1993 y sigue generando debate en torno al hecho de que cada lengua es un patrimonio nacional e internacional importante así como la relación entre la lengua de un país y la realidad técnica, productiva, científica y cultural de este país. Este volumen reúne las contribuciones de la Octava Jornada Científica REALITER, celebrada en Milán (Università Cattolica) en 2012, e ilustra el debate en el espacio europeo y americano en torno a la relación entre terminología y las políticas lingüísticas en catalán, español, francés, gallego, italiano, portugués, rumano.

Published
2016

35. Outdoor and indoor benzene evaluation by GC-FID and GC-MS/MS

Author

Conceiçao M Alvim-Ferraz, Cristina Delerue-Matos, Mónica S Rosas, Valentina F. Domingues, José A Sousa, and Susana O Ribeiro

Subjects
Environmental Engineering, Chromatography, Gas, City area, law.invention, Diesel fuel, chemistry.chemical_compound, law, Tandem Mass Spectrometry, Air Pollution, Flame ionization detector, Sample preparation, Gasoline, Benzene, Flame Ionization, Air Pollutants, Chromatography, Portugal, General Medicine, chemistry, Air Pollution, Indoor, Tobacco Smoke Pollution, Gas chromatography, Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, Environmental Monitoring
Abstract

The evaluation of benzene in different environments such as indoor (with and without tobacco smoke), a city area, countryside, gas stations and near exhaust pipes from cars running on different types of fuels was performed. The samples were analyzed using gas chromatography (GC) with flame ionization detection (FID) and tandem mass spectrometric detection (MS/MS) (to confirm the identification of benzene in the air samples). Operating conditions for the GC-MS analysis were optimized as well as the sampling and sample preparation. The results obtained in this work indicate that i) the type of fuel directly influences the benzene concentration in the air. Gasoline with additives provided the highest amount of benzene followed by unleaded gasoline and diesel; ii) the benzene concentration in the gas station was always higher than the advisable limit established by law (5 μg m⁻³) and during the unloading of gasoline the achieved concentration was 8371 μg m⁻³; iii) the data from the countryside (Taliscas) and the urban city (Matosinhos) were below 5 μg m⁻³ except 5 days after a fire on a petroleum refinery plant located near the city; iv) it was proven that in coffee shops where smoking is allowed the benzene concentration is higher (6 μg m⁻³) than in coffee shops where this is forbidden (4 μg m⁻³). This method may also be helpful for environmental analytical chemists who use GC-MS/MS for the confirmation or/and quantification of benzene.

Published
2011

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