Search

Purpose: Performing back squats with elastic bands has been widely used in resistance training. Although research demonstrated greater training effects obtained from adding elastic bands to the back squat, little is known regarding the optimal elastic resistance and how it affects neuromuscular performance. This study aimed to compare the force, velocity, power, and muscle activity during back squats with different contributions of elastic resistance. Methods: Thirteen basketball players performed 3 repetitions of the back squat at 85% of 1-repetition maximum across 4 conditions: (1) total load from free weight and (2) 20%, (3) 30%, and (4) 40% of the total load from elastic band and the remaining load from free weight. The eccentric and concentric phases of the back squat were divided into upper, middle, and bottom phases. Results: In the eccentric phase, mean velocity progressively increased with increasing elastic resistance, and muscle activity of the vastus medialis and rectus femoris significantly increased with the largest elastic resistance in the upper phase (P ≤.036). In the concentric phase, mean power (P ≤.021) and rate of force development (P ≤.002) significantly increased with increasing elastic resistance. Furthermore, muscle activity of the vastus lateralis and vastus medialis significantly improved with the largest elastic resistance in the upper phases (P ≤.021). Conclusion: Velocity, power, rate of force development, and selective muscle activity increased as the elastic resistance increased in different phases during the back-squat exercise. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lower limb oedema is a common condition in clinical practice, frequently affecting the distal lower limbs. Whereas benign causes such as prolonged sitting or standing are typical, oedema can also indicate serious systemic diseases such as cardiac failure, liver disease, or renal impairment. Identifying the cause is crucial to prevent irreversible skin and tissue changes. This clinical review aims to increase the knowledge of advanced clinical practitioners (ACPs) and generalist practitioners, including practice and community nurses, by providing an overview of how to approach patients with lower limb oedema, encompassing history-taking, examinations, investigations, and management plans. The main focus is on lymphoedema, which can be primary or secondary. Primary lymphoedema results from genetic abnormalities, while secondary lymphoedema arises from acquired defects due to factors such as obesity, infections, neoplasms, and trauma. Effective management includes addressing the underlying cause, ensuring proper skin care, recommending appropriate exercises, and the use of compression garments. Referral to a lymphoedema specialist is recommended for patient education on managing and treating the condition when required. Additionally, the article discusses the importance of regular skin inspections, minor injury management, environmental considerations, and the critical role of compression garments in lymphoedema management. This comprehensive approach aims to enhance patient outcomes and provide a thorough strategy for ACPs and generalist practitioners. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To evaluate efficacy, safety, and adherence to using adjustable compression wraps (ACWs) for upper limb volume control in women with breast cancer-related lymphedema. Design and Setting: Randomized controlled trial at a reference hospital for breast cancer treatment in Brazil. Participants: Women in control phase of the breast cancer-related lymphedema. Interventions: Compared use of ACWs versus compressive mesh. Main Measures: Evaluated before treatment, at 30 days, and 6 months after initiating therapy. The primary outcome was the change in excess limb volume. Secondary outcomes included adherence, incidence of adverse events, functionality, quality of life, and hand grip. Statistical analysis involved calculating the effect size (ES) with a 95% confidence interval. Results: Were included 71 women with mean excess limb volume of 321.79 mL (±194.98). In the 30-day analysis (Time 1), a reduction of 37.6 mL in volume was observed only in the ACW group (p =.041, ES 0.20), with improved functionality (p =.013, ES 0.22). In the six months analysis (Time 2), the compressive mesh group increased by 2.48% in volume (p =.023, ES 0.26) and demonstrated improvement functionality (p =.036, ES 0.27). Mild adverse events and satisfactory adherence were observed. However, in the intergroup comparison, no statistically significant difference was observed for any evaluated outcome—excess volume, incidence of adverse events, adherence, hand grip, quality of life, and functionality between the groups (p >.05) at both times. Conclusions: Both compression therapies achieved satisfactory adherence, were safe, effective and equivalent for controlling limb volume in breast cancer-related lymphedema. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To study the damage characteristics of concrete with different coarse aggregate sizes, umaxial compression tests were carried out on 6 groups of concrete specimens with 4.75 ~ 9.50 mm, 9.50 ~ 16.00 mm, 16.00~ 19.00 mm, 19.00 ~ 26.50 mm, 26.50 ~ 31.50 mm and continuous particle sizes by using acoustic emission (AE) and digital image correlation (DIC) technology. Damage information of the entire failure process of the concrete specimens was collected in real-time from both micro-scale and macro-scale. Damage evaluation model for concrete specimens with different coarse aggregate sizes was established based on AE energy count. The results show that based on the evolution laws of the AE energy count and b value, the damage process of 6 groups of concrete specimens can be divided into 3 damage stages: the initial stage, the cracks stable development stage, and the cracks rapid expansion stage. The displacement cloud diagrams captured by DIC technology can explain the micro-scale information of AE parameters from macro-scale and provide a strong basis for the classification of damage stages under uniaxial compression. The concrete specimens with different coarse aggregate sizes exhibit variations in internal structure, which affect the rate of rapid crack propagation in concrete. The established damage evaluation model can effectively characterize the damage stages of concrete with different coarse aggregate sizes, and realize quantitative analysis and evaluation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on a study on the use of compression therapy in the assessment and management of the venous and arterial aetiologies underlying leg ulceration as part of a holistic care plan, which was presented in an expert panel discussion held in October 2023.

Key Clinical Message: Klippel–Trénaunay syndrome can present with atypical manifestations such as a bleeding vulvar hemangioma. This case report, the first documented in Uganda, highlights the need for awareness of such presentations and underscores the importance of continuous follow‐up in female patients to manage potential complications throughout adolescence and pregnancy. Klippel–Trénaunay syndrome (KTS) is a rare congenital disorder marked by bone and soft tissue hypertrophy, port‐wine stains, and varicosities. Cases involving genital hemangiomas are rare. This report highlights a 5‐year‐old girl in Uganda with typical KTS features, including hypertrophy and port‐wine stains, along with a bleeding vulvar hemangioma, emphasizing its uncommon presentation and potential complications. Treatment involved compression bandaging and timolol 0.2% solution. This case underscores the importance of awareness of atypical manifestations of hemangiomas with KTS and continuous follow‐up for female patients, especially through adolescence and pregnancy, due to potential complications such as prepubertal per vaginal bleeding, menorrhagia, and post‐partum bleeding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Mixed Arterial and Venous Leg Ulcers (MAVLU) are challenging. Clinical evidence specific to MAVLU management is scarce. We evaluated our recent experience with MAVLU patients and reviewed current data regarding MAVLU epidemiology, aetiology, diagnostic assessment and management options. Methods: A prospective leg ulcer database was retrospectively interrogated to determine the prevalence and clinical outcome of MAVLU over 2-year period (2021-2022). The literature was reviewed to determine if optimal treatment strategies. Results: 307 patients attended the ulcer clinic over a 2-year period. Most were venous leg ulcers (71%), 24% were arterial and 5% were MAVLU. The highest healing rate was in MAVLU (93%), followed by (74%) and (41%), in arterial and venous leg ulcer groups, respectively. Conclusion: Evidence-based guidelines for MAVLU remain lacking. Well-developed randomised controlled trials are warranted to guide current clinical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Fibroblast cells have the ability to improve skin conditions through regenerative medicine and cell-based therapies. The purpose of this scoping review is to assess the contribution of fibroblast cells to skin homeostasis and extracellular matrix deposition in clinical trials involving skin disorders and cosmetic applications. Methods: Using targeted search terms, published publications from January 2000 to August 2023 that addressed fibroblast uses in clinical trials of skin conditions were obtained from bibliographic databases like PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science (WoS). Precise inclusion and exclusion criteria were used during the screening process. The potential benefits of induction treatment with fibroblasts lead to the choosing of clinical trials for this kind of treatment. Results: Out of the 820 published ppapers initially identified, only 35 studies fulfilled our meticulous eligibility criteria after careful screening. To ensure clarity, we methodically eliminated any duplicate or irrelevant published papers, thereby offering a transparent account of our selection process. Conclusion: This study highlights the advantages of fibroblast therapy in treating skin conditions such as diabetic foot, venous leg ulcers, and cosmetic reasons. Fibroblasts possess remarkable regenerating capabilities, making dermal fibroblast therapy crucial in cell-based and skin regenerative treatments. Nevertheless, additional research is required for more disorders and cosmetic applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The standard treatment for patients with confirmed Venous Leg Ulcers (VLUs) is compression therapy to improve the function of the calf muscle pump. There is a significant cohort of patients who are unable to tolerate optimal compression therapy or indeed any level of compression therapy. In addition, there is a cohort of patients who can tolerate compression whose ulcers show little or no evidence of healing. There is a need for ways to further improve calf muscle pump function and to improve venous ulcer healing in these patients. Published data were reviewed on the use of Muscle Pump Activation (MPA) using common peroneal nerve neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) to improve calf muscle pump function. There is physiological evidence that MPA can improve calf muscle pump function and venous return in both control subjects and in patients with venous disease. The use of MPA has also been shown to improve venous flow volume and venous flow velocity on ultrasound scanning in patients with venous disease. MPA has been shown to improve microcirculation in the skin using Laser Doppler and laser Doppler Speckle Contrast Imaging, in both normal subjects as well as in patients with venous disease and VLU. A recent randomized controlled trial of MPA plus compression therapy compared with compression therapy alone, found significantly faster rates of healing with the use of MPA in addition to compression therapy. There are indications for the use of MPA as an adjunctive treatment to enhance calf muscle pump function in patients with VLU:who cannot tolerate compression therapywho can only tolerate suboptimal, low‐level compressionwhose ulcer healing remains slow or stalled with optimal compression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To report pressure and stiffness, in healthy volunteers, of a new compression device with an air bladder inflated by a pump to regulate pressure. Methods: The device was applied to 60 legs of 30 volunteers and set to exert different pressures of 20–50 mmHg. The exerted pressure was measured in supine and standing positions and during simple physical exercises; static stiffness index, dynamic stiffness index, and walking pressure amplitudes were calculated. Results: The exerted pressure showed a good correlation with the expected pressure at each pressure range. The stiffness indices were >10 mmHg in the range of inelastic materials. The device was considered very easy to apply and use by the testing researchers. Conclusions: The device stiffness is in the same range as the inelastic bandages. Consequently, similar hemodynamic effectiveness could be expected but must be proved. Unlike inelastic bandages, this device was easy to apply and use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Manual calf massage and passive ankle motion (CaM) can reduce the incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) after total hip arthroplasty (THA). However, these methods cannot be used in all patients; thus, elastic bandage (EB) compression is an alternative method. The efficacy of EB compression in preventing VTE has not yet been investigated; thus, this study aimed to compare the effects of EB compression and manual calf massage. Methods: Of the 363 patients who underwent unilateral primary THA at our hospital between 1 August 2018 and 31 October 2023, CaM without anticoagulation therapy was administered to 206 patients (CaM group) and 157 patients underwent EB without anticoagulation therapy (EB group). Duplex ultrasonography was performed 7 days postoperatively to check for deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in both legs. Results: The surgical time (122.2 min vs. 155.5 min), the incidence of DVT (4.5% vs. 4.8%) and pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) (0% vs. 0.7%), intraoperative bleeding (305.4 mL vs. 301 mL), and estimated actual blood loss (846.6 mL vs. 811.6 mL) were not significantly different between the CaM and EB group. However, there was one case of symptomatic PTE in the EB group. Conclusions: The incidences of DVT, PTE, and intraoperative bleeding were not significantly different between the groups. Moreover, EB can be administered to patients with DVT and is considered to be a DVT prophylaxis method that can be used in a larger number of patients. Therefore, we recommend that EB be performed in all the patients undergoing THA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Excessive hip adduction and internal rotation are common movement impairments associated with patellofemoral pain (PFP). As such, strengthening of the hip abductors and external rotators commonly is recommended. Because tensor fascia latae (TFL) is a hip internal rotator in addition to being an abductor, it is important to select exercises that target the superior gluteus maximus (SUP-GMAX) and gluteus medius (GMED) while minimizing activation of the TFL. To identify hip-targeted exercises resulting in greater activation of the SUP-GMAX and GMED relative to the TFL in persons with PFP. Twelve individuals with PFP participated. Electromyographic (EMG) signals were obtained from the GMED, SUP-GMAX, and TFL using fine-wire electrodes while participants performed 11 hip-targeted exercises. Normalized EMG of GMED and SUP-GMAX was compared to that of the TFL for each exercise using repeated measures ANOVAs and descriptive statistics. Of the 11 hip exercises evaluated, only the clam exercise with elastic resistance resulted in significantly greater activity of both gluteal muscles (SUP-GMAX = 24.2 ± 14.4%MVIC, p =.05; GMED = 37.2 ± 19.7%MVIC, p =.008) relative to the TFL (12.5 ± 11.7%MVIC). Five exercises exhibited significantly lower activation of SUP-GMAX relative to TFL: 1) unilateral bridge: SUP-GMAX = 17.7 ± 9.8%MVIC, TFL = 34.0 ± 17.7%MVIC, p =.01; 2) bilateral bridge: SUP-GMAX = 10.0 ± 6.9%MVIC, TFL = 14.0 ± 7.5%MVIC, p =.04; 3) abduction: SUP-GMAX = 14.2 ± 11.1%MVIC, TFL = 33.0 ± 11.9%MVIC, p =.001; 4) hip hike: SUP-GMAX = 14.8 ± 12.8%MVIC, TFL = 46.8 ± 33.7%MVIC, p =.008; and 5) step-up: SUP-GMAX = 15.0 ± 5.4%MVIC, TFL = 31.7 ± 19.9 %MVIC, p =.02). No differences in gluteal activation relative to TFL were found for the remaining 6 exercises (all p >.05). The clam with elastic resistance exercise was effective at activating the SUP-GMAX and GMED greater than TFL. No other exercises achieved a similar level of muscular recruitment. When attempting to strengthen the gluteal muscles in persons with PFP, care should be taken in assuming that common hip-targeted exercises result in the desired recruitment patterns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Calciphylaxis is a rare but highly disabling disease, occurring both in chronic kidney disease (CKD) with renal replacement therapy (RRT) and in normal renal function. Given the frequent coexistence of atrial fibrillation (AF) and CKD, anticoagulation is often required. Warfarin, as a promoter of vascular calcification, is frequently reported as a triggering factor of calciphylaxis. Here, we present the case of a 71-year old male patient with a history of AF and a previous ischaemic stroke, on RRT for three years and warfarin therapy. The patient presented with two painful necrotic skin ulcers over the right leg and a skin biopsy confirmed calciphylaxis. After discontinuation of warfarin, the lesions completely healed with sodium thiosulfate intravenous infusion and local wound treatment. A literature search was performed up to 1 September 2022 through PubMed. The following terms were searched in different combinations: 'calciphylaxis'; 'VKA' [vitamin K antagonist]; 'warfarin'; 'haemodialysis'; 'end-stage renal disease'; and 'ulcer'. In our opinion, in patients requiring anticoagulant therapy, the introduction or continuation of vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) should be carefully balanced when calciphylaxis develops, and other options, such as enoxaparin or apixaban, should be considered. Clinical decisions for patients requiring haemodialysis and requiring anticoagulant therapy should take into account the possible risk of warfarin-induced calciphylaxis. Further studies are needed to clarify the safety, tolerability profile and outcomes of each currently available treatment in this patient population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This presents an innovative approach to treat diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) by leveraging Internet of Things (IoT) technology. Through a comprehensive data analysis system, DFU progress can be monitored in real time, allowing for timely intervention and improved healing outcomes. The system uses IoT devices to capture images of ulcers, identify the stage of the disease, and provide important insights into the severity of the ulcer. These images are displayed on an LCD screen and sent over the IoT network for analysis. Additionally, the system sends email notifications to healthcare providers to keep them updated on the patient's status and allow them to quickly adjust treatment plans. This continuous monitoring allows healthcare professionals to intervene quickly when needed, improving patient care and reducing strain on healthcare resources. This IoT-based approach represents a significant advance in DFU management, providing personalized treatment plans based on real-time data analysis and enabling better outcomes for patients with diabetic foot ulcers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to shed light on a crucial issue through a comprehensive evaluation of the cost-effectiveness and cost-utility of a cutting-edge web-based foot–ankle therapeutic exercise program (SOPeD) designed for treating modifiable risk factors for ulcer prevention in individuals with diabetes-related peripheral neuropathy (DPN). In this randomized controlled trial, 62 participants diagnosed with DPN were assigned to the SOPeD software or received usual care for diabetic foot. Primary outcomes were DPN symptoms and severity, foot pain and function, and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs). Between-group comparisons provided 95% confidence intervals. The study also calculated incremental cost-effectiveness and cost-utility ratios (ICERs), analyzed direct costs from a healthcare perspective, and performed a sensitivity analysis to assess uncertainty. The web-based intervention effectively reduced foot pain, improved foot function and showed favorable cost-effectiveness, with ICERs ranging from (USD) $5.37–$148.71 per improvement in different outcomes. There is a high likelihood of cost-effectiveness for improving DPN symptoms and severity, foot pain, and function, even when the minimum willingness-to-pay threshold was set at $1000.00 USD. However, the intervention did not prove to be cost-effective in terms of QALYs. This study reveals SOPeD's effectiveness in reducing foot pain, improving foot function, and demonstrating cost-effectiveness in enhancing functional and clinical outcomes. SOPeD stands as a potential game-changer for modifiable risk factors for ulcers, with our findings indicating a feasible and balanced integration into public health systems. Further studies and considerations are vital for informed decisions to stakeholders and the successful implementation of this preventive program on a larger scale. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04011267. Registered on 8 July 2019. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Elastic band exercises can improve bone density, muscle quality, and body fat in elderly patients with Sarcopenic Obesity Syndrome (SOS), a common diagnosis. Encouraging this exercise can bring significant benefits. We conducted a comprehensive search until April 1, 2023, covering UpToDate, PubMed, and Web of Science databases. The analysis focused on osteosarcopenic obesity and resistance training, involving four randomized controlled trials with 108 participants. After collecting key information, the methodological quality was assessed using the PEDro scale. Outcome quality was graded using the GRADE technique, and bias risk was evaluated using the Cochrane Bias Risk tool. Statistical analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.4. After a 12-week elastic band resistance training regimen, the meta-analysis revealed significant improvement. The study focused on age-related osteoporosis and obesity in older women, evaluating parameters such as bone mineral density (BMD) (P < 0.001, I2 = 98 %, CI: 0.39–0.71), decreased body fat percentage (BFP) (CI: −262.55–260.11, P < 0.001, I2 = 100 %), and skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) (P < 0.001, I2 = 98 %, CI: 0.31–0.71). T-score (P < 0.001, I2 = 97 %, CI: −2.85–1.27), Time to Chair Rise (TCR) (P < 0.001, I2 = 100 %, CI: −24.28–23.44), and Gait Speed (GS) (P < 0.001, I2 = 100 %, CI: 9.84–9.88) were also evaluated. Following a 12-week elastic band resistance exercise regimen, older women showed notable improvements, particularly those with age-related osteoporosis and obesity. • This study highlights the positive impact of resistance training with elastic bands on bone health, body fat distribution, and overall body composition in elderly women. It suggests a preventive effect against osteosarcopenic obesity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Excessive compression after parotidectomy can lead to flap necrosis, while inadequate pressure can cause fluid accumulation. This study aimed to determine the optimal pressure and compression properties of different types of dressings. Initially, pressure measurements were taken for conventional Barton's dressing and a pre‐fabricated facial garment. In the subsequent phase, patients were randomly assigned to receive one of three types of pressure dressings: conforming bandage Barton's dressing, elastic bandage Barton's dressing or pre‐fabricated facial garment. The dressing types were randomly crossed over the following day. The mean pressure exerted by conventional Barton's dressing and the pre‐fabricated facial garment was 15.86 and 14.81 mmHg, respectively. There was no significant difference in the proportion of optimal pressure among the three types of pressure dressing (p‐values of 0.195, 0.555 and 0.089 at pre‐auricular, angle of mandible and post‐auricular sites, respectively). The pre‐auricular area demonstrated the highest proportion of optimal pressure, while suboptimal pressure was noted at the angle of the mandible and post‐auricular area. Dressing types had no effect on pressure stability (p = 0.37), and there was no significant difference in patient preference (p = 0.91). Conforming bandage Barton's dressing, elastic bandage Barton's dressing and pre‐fabricated facial garment exhibit comparable compressive properties, with no significant difference in patient preference and pressure stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The uncertainty concerning the physiological effects of compression bandaging on the peripheral blood flow is a challenge for healthcare professionals. The main objective was to determine the haemodynamic impact on the distal posterior tibial artery after the application of a high‐compression leg multicomponent bandaging system using 4D flow magnetic resonance imaging. Leg dominance disparities of the posterior tibial artery before and after the application of the compressive bandage were also analysed. Twenty‐eight healthy female volunteers were recruited (mean: 25.71, standard deviation: 4.74 years old) through a non‐probability convenience sampling. The 4D flow magnetic resonance imaging of the distal tibial posterior artery was performed in all participants, first under standard resting conditions and after the application of a compression bandage in the leg. When the strong compressive bandage was applied, the area of the assessed artery decreased by 14.2%, whilst the average speed increased by 19.6% and the flow rate increased by 184.8%. There were differences between the haemodynamic parameters of both legs according to dominance, being statistically significantly lower in the dominant leg. The application of strong compressive bandaging significantly increases the arterial flow and mean velocity in the distal segment of the posterior tibial artery, in healthy volunteers by 4D flow magnetic resonance imaging. In this study, leg dominance influenced some of the haemodynamic parameters. According to the results, leg compression bandages cannot be contraindicated in vascular ulcers with arterial compromise. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The annual cost to the NHS of managing 3.8 million patients with a wound was estimated in 2020 to be £8.3 billion, of which £5.6 billion was spent on the 30% of wounds that did not heal and £2.7 billion on the 70% of wounds that healed (Guest, 2020). One of the main symptoms associated with chronic 'hard-to-heal' wounds is the production of excess exudate (Atkin et al, 2019). This is due to a prolonged chronic inflammatory response stimulated by a physiological cause. This article describes what exudate is and its importance in the wound healing process, highlighting the consequences of too little or excessive wound exudate associated with any wound. The article goes on to describe a case series observational study involving a range of patients (n=47; 33 male/14 female), aged between 33 and 91 years (mean 67.4 years), with a variety of acute (n=11) and chronic exuding wounds (n=44). In total, 55 wounds of various aetiologies were managed with DryMax Super (a dressing whose design includes superabsorbent polymers) in order to evaluate and report on the absorption and fluid-handling properties of the product. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The sensor, designed to be worn directly on the skin, is suitable for real-time monitoring of the recovery level of not only general wounds, but also difficult-to-heal wounds, such as those with chronic inflammation. Notably, healthy skin has a pH range of 4–6. When a wound occurs, the pH is known to be approximately 7.4. In this study, alpha-naphtholphthalein (Naph) was immersed in a cotton-blended textile to produce a wearable halochromic sensor that clearly changed color depending on the pH of the skin in the range 6–9, including pH 7.4, which is the skin infection state. The coating was performed without using an organic solvent by dissolving it in micelle form using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, a surfactant, in water. Naph-based halochromic sensor shows light yellow, which is the dye's own color, at pH 6, which is a healthy skin condition, and gradually showed a clear color change to light green-green-blue as pH increased. Even after washing and drying by rubbing with regular tap water, the color change due to pH was maintained more than 10 times. Naph-based halochromic sensors use a simple solution production and coating method and are not only reusable sensors that can be washed with water but also use environmentally friendly water, making them very suitable for developing commercial products for wound pH monitoring. In addition, it can be easily applied to medical supplies, such as medical gauze, patient clothes, and compression bandages, as well as everyday wear, such as clothing, gloves, and socks. Therefore, it is expected to be widely used as a wound pH sensor, allowing real-time monitoring of the skin condition of individuals with chronic skin inflammation, including patients requiring wound recovery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The application of phase change material (PCM) has shown great potential in the fabrication of PCM-integrated cloth (PCMIC) due to its numerous advantages, including latent heat storage, narrow temperature range, energy storage density, longevity, and compatibility with textile processing. PCMs can lessen the demand for mechanical heating and cooling systems, which can save energy and assist the environment towards sustainability. PCM-integrated cloth provides new opportunities to enhance thermal comfort, energy efficiency, and functionality across a range of applications. The advancement of PCMIC has shown promise in the past decade. This review covers the fundamentals, latest advancements, characterization methods, and advanced applications of PCMIC in detail. Progresses, challenges, and opportunities of versatile applications of PCMIC in space wear, medical textiles, sportswear, bedding, thermoregulating buildings, flame-retardant textiles, automotive textiles, and footwear are critically summarized. Space agencies like NASA, and ESA used PCM-based products for comfortable space exploration while surgical gauges, bandages, and other clinical products incorporated with PCM comfort much in patients. Moreover, sportswear brands like Nike and Adidas utilized PCM in their products for better wearability. Through an analysis of the foundations, current developments, and challenges, this thorough overview is a valuable resource for further innovation and progress in the field of PCM-integrated textiles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the recent past, practical blood flow restriction (pBFR) using non-pneumatic, usually elastic cuffs has been established as a cost-effective alternative to traditional blood flow restriction (BFR) using pneumatic cuffs, especially for training in large groups. This study investigated whether low-load resistance exercise with perceptually primed pBFR using an elastic knee wrap is suitable to induce similar motor performance fatigue as well as physiological and perceptual responses compared to traditional BFR using a pneumatic nylon cuff in males and females. In a randomized, counterbalanced cross-over study, 30 healthy subjects performed 4 sets (30 - 15 - 15 - 15 repetitions) of unilateral knee extensions at 20% of their one-repetition-maximum. In the pBFR condition, each individual was perceptually primed to a BFR pressure corresponding to 60% of their arterial occlusion pressure. Before and after exercise, maximal voluntary torque, maximal muscle activity, and cuff pressure-induced discomfort were assessed. Moreover, physiological (i.e., muscle activity, muscle oxygenation) and perceptual responses (i.e., effort and exercise-induced leg muscle pain) were recorded during exercise. Moderate correlations with no differences between pBFR and BFR were found regarding the decline in maximal voluntary torque and maximal muscle activity. Furthermore, no to very strong correlations between conditions, with no differences, were observed for muscle activity, muscle oxygenation, and perceptual responses during exercise sets. However, cuff pressure-induced discomfort was lower in the pBFR compared to the BFR condition. These results indicate that low-load resistance exercise combined with perceptually primed pBFR is a convenient and less discomfort inducing alternative to traditional BFR. This is especially relevant for BFR training with people who have a low cuff-induced discomfort tolerance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Edema in some subjects worsens over time and wraps help to reduce the leg volume. Material and methods: An adjustable compression wrap was tried on volunteers for 5 h and volumes measured in each limb before and after wrapping using a 3D surface scanner (HandySCAN 3D®) to estimate the volume of the leg. The contralateral leg was used as control. Results: We observed a significant decrease in volume in the wrap legs and an increase in the control legs (p <.001), both in the lower part of leg (p =.001) and in the upper part (p =.001). Conclusions: Using the Readywrap® for 5 hours significantly reduces the leg volume. This study enables Readywrap to be studied in a population that is easy to observe in the context of a research program. The Handyscan3D® was shown accurate and reproducible to assess leg volume in future studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lymphoedema effects approximately 200 000 people in UK. It is a chronic condition without a cure but there is much that can be done to ease and manage these complications. This article looks at the eight most common complications, providing advise on how to manage them, derived from the literature and the author's own experience. It also presents advise on how nurses can promote self-management of these complications, promoting patients' self-care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

INSIGHT (INtelligent in situ printing Guided by Eye‐in‐Hand robot Technology), an innovative computer vision‐enabled system that combines a depth camera with a 6‐degree of freedom robot arm, empowering it to identify arbitrary areas at various angles through real time adjustments and to enable volumetric printing performed by dynamic image recognition based on color and contour differences is presented. Continuous targeting of multiple wounds at different locations is achieved. The optimized pneumatic valve synchronized with the INSIGHT can print multiple inks with diverse rheological properties to fabricate scaffolds and bandages with the capacity to treat various types of wounds. The design of dual printed modes, such as extrusion and spray, can significantly decrease printing time for large‐scale wounds on an ex vivo porcine model. INSIGHT demonstrates its ability to treat diabetic wounds, using a microgel‐based ink possessing an inherent porous microstructure to facilitate cell infiltration. In vivo verification highlights its adaptability to enable customized care for rapid emergency treatment of trauma patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Klippel‐Trenaunay‐Weber syndrome (KTWS) is a rare disease with a wide range of manifestations. KTWS is characterized by a clinical triad of varicosities of the extremities, cutaneous vascular malformations, and hypertrophy of soft tissues and long bones. The diagnosis is made clinically supplemented with magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography. Aim: Hereby we aim to highlight the significance of the possible life‐threatening first‐time presentations associated with the GI system in previously undiagnosed KTWS patients. Patient: We report the case of a 47‐year‐old male with KTWS, who presented with various symptoms such as rectorrhagia since childhood, digestive problems and abnormal lateral vascular malformations of the left buttock which extended all the way to the leg, vascular malformations of the left fourth and fifth toes as well as soft tissue swelling of the left foot. There was no evidence of other clinical presentations. The patient was hospitalized with severe rectorrhagia and a hemoglobin level of 3/9. Physical examination revealed a blood pressure of 85/55 and pulse rate of 115. Ruptured aneurysm of the superior mesenteric artery was found on angiography and subsequently treated with embolization. Dermatologic evaluation showed pitting edema of the left leg and foot and multiple vascular lesions. Thus a diagnosis of KTWS was established. Pulsed dye laser therapy and compression bandage was performed for the patient. The patient's follow‐up was done 3 months after discharge for which the patient was again consulted by a dermatologist and gastroenterologist. Lymphedema of the left leg had improved to a great extend so treatment with compression bandage was continued. Colonoscopy was repeated for the patient to evaluate and control possible active sources of bleeding, due to potential life‐threating complications. Results: According to previous findings, there have been few case reports of KTWS presenting with gastrointestinal manifestations, fewer of which have covered acute life‐threatening bleedings associated with this system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Failure to adequately secure the skin graft to the lower limbs recipient bed can result in loss of the graft. Our objective was to compare the healing of split-thickness skin grafts three weeks postoperatively, using either negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) or conventional compression bandaging. In this multicenter randomized controlled study, patients with tissue loss ranging from 50 cm2 to 600 cm2 on the lower limbs and treated with split-thickness skin grafts were included in three French hospitals. A digital photographic evaluation was performed at 3 weeks. During 9 years, 70 patients were included in the study and allocated to a treatment group. The grafted area was similar in both groups. Loss of graft was significantly reduced in the NPWT group with 14.6 cm2 compared to 29 cm2 in the control group (p = 0.0003). The hospital stay was also significantly reduced in the NPWT group, at 4 days versus 6.5 days in the control group (p = 0.0284). In the NPWT group, 60% reported pain compared to 22.9% in the control group (p = 0.0048). The use of NPWT dressings improves skin graft take by reducing necrosis, improving the graft's adherence to the recipient site, and reducing hospital length-of-stay. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Turkish Journal of Trauma & Emergency Surgery / Ulusal Travma ve Acil Cerrahi Dergisi is the property of KARE Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Context: Calculating the resistance provided by elastic resistance is essential with the aim of adjusting the load and controlling the progression of the exercises in programs using elastic resistance. This study aimed (1) to establish a model of the force elongation for CLX bands; (2) to examine whether these models are altered by different aspects of band elongation: the phase of elongation and shortening (concentric and eccentric phases), the elongation speed, and the initial resting length; and (3) to determine the resistance value for 100% of elongation in each color and to compare it with the values reported by Theraband. Design: Cross‐sectional. Methods: Ten CLX bands of each color were elongated by 2 experienced researchers to establish their elongation force curves in series of 10 repetitions per band using a Smith machine for an anchor, examining whether elongation force models were affected by elongation and shortening phases using one 4-loop CLX band stretched to 100% and at 0.50 m/s, elongation speed stretching two 4-loop CLX bands at 0.50 m/s and at 0.70 m/s, and different starting lengths using 3 CLX bands (2, 3, and 4 loops) stretched at 0.50 m/s. Results: No differences were found in the comparisons between phases, speeds, or different start lengths (mean errors ranged from 0.01 [0.07 N] for the blue band to 2.97 [0.94 N] for the gold band). Our values were higher than the reference values provided by Theraband for all colors, ranging from 2.3% to 33.1%. Conclusions: Our findings show that the values provided by the brand underestimate the resistance provided by CLX bands. To solve this, regression equations are provided so professionals can calculate the resistance of CLX bands based on their elongation. In addition, these models are not influenced by the phase of elongation and shortening, the elongation speed, and the initial resting length. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Clinical application of autologous platelet-rich plasma is limited by the condition of patients and by the quantity and activity of platelets. Transfusable platelet component blood platelet concentrates, collected and prepared by blood collection and supply agencies, are widely available, can be standardized and are effective in the clinic. OBJECTIVE: To review the factors influencing the preparation of platelet concentrate by the buffy-coat method for the treatment of chronic refractory wounds. METHODS: A computer search of the PubMed, CNKI, and WanFang databases for platelet-related articles from January 2000 to April 2023 was conducted using the Chinese and English search terms “allogeneic platelets(concentrate), buffy-coat method, skin ulcer, refractory wounds”. The titles and abstracts were screened, and the full text was reviewed, resulting in the inclusion of 51 articles that met the subject criteria. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Platelet concentrates supplied by blood collection and supply agencies are effective in the treatment of diabetic foot wounds, pressure sores, lower limb venous ulcers and other chronic refractory wounds: reducing the size of the ulcer and shortening the wound healing time, especially in the first two weeks, with significant healing-promoting effects. (2) The storage conditions of the raw material used to prepare platelet concentrates (whole blood overnight/buffy-coat overnight, shaking/resting (time)), centrifugation conditions (centrifugation parameters, canning method) and the structure of the blood bag can affect the concentration of platelet concentrates, indirectly affecting the efficacy of allogeneic platelet concentrates. (3) There are also some problems with studies of allogeneic platelet concentrates for the treatment of chronic refractory wounds, such as the sample size of the available evidence is small, the results lack the optimal preparation parameters, optimal dose and treatment regimen for platelet concentrates to promote healing of different wounds are unknown, so more randomized multicenter clinical studies are needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To compare oral adhesive bandages with the classic compression method and evaluate the clinical efficacy of this wound dressing material in improving postoperative comfort, wound healing, and hemostasis in tooth extraction. Materials and methods: The study was designed as a randomized controlled clinical trial. A total of 120 patients were recruited and randomly assigned to the study group and the control group. In the study group, oral adhesive bandages were used as wound dressing. In the control group, patients bit on cotton balls and gauze, as usual. Hemorrhage, comfort, and healing levels were evaluated at postoperative 1 h, 24 h, and 7 days. The adhesion time of the oral adhesive bandages was also recorded. Results: The average adhesion time of the oral adhesive bandages was 26.6 h. At postoperative 1 and 24 h, the hemostatic levels of the oral adhesive bandage group were significantly higher than those of the control group. The oral adhesive bandage group also reported significantly higher comfort scores than the control group. Both groups had similar healing levels and side effects. But the mean score for wound healing was slightly higher in the oral adhesive bandage group. Conclusions: Oral adhesive bandages were more effective than cotton balls and gauze in providing hemostatic and comfort effects on extraction wounds. Clinical relevance: Oral adhesive bandages possess clinical value in the management of extraction wounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The effect of graduated elastic compression stockings (ECS) in the prevention of post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS) has been questioned since a large randomized trial found no prophylactic effect of ECS. Objective: To assess the effect of the wearing time of ECS on the incidence of post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS) after proximal deep venous thrombosis, we performed a meta-analysis of the incidence of PTS across randomized and observational studies. Method: PubMed, Embase and Cochrane databases were searched until 12 June 2023 for studies on the effect of ECS on PTS. References of eligible studies were also screened in order to identify other potential studies that might have been missed during the search. Results: Four studies comprising a total of 1467 patients met our inclusion criteria for early initiation and consistent use of ECS in patients with acute proximal DVT. ECS significantly reduced the incidence of mild-moderate PTS (OR: 0.48; 95% CI: 0.36–0.63) as well as severe PTS (OR: 0.44; 95% CI: 0.28–0.58). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Back exosuits deliver mechanical assistance to reduce the risk of back injury, however, minimising restriction is critical for adoption. We developed the adaptive impedance controller to minimise restriction while maintaining assistance by modulating impedance based on the user's movement direction and nonlinear sine curves. The objective of this study was to compare active assistance, delivered by a back exosuit via our adaptive impedance controller, to three levels of assistance from passive elastics. Fifteen participants completed five experimental blocks (4 exosuits and 1 no-suit) consisting of a maximum flexion and a constrained lifting task. While a higher stiffness elastic reduced back extensor muscle activity by 13%, it restricted maximum range of motion (RoM) by 13°. The adaptive impedance approach did not restrict RoM while reducing back extensor muscle activity by 15%, when lifting. This study highlights an adaptive impedance approach might improve usability by circumventing the assistance-restriction trade-off inherent to passive approaches. Practitioner summary: This study demonstrates a soft active exosuit that delivers assistance with an adaptive impedance approach can provide reductions in overall back muscle activity without the impacts of restricted range of motion or perception of restriction and discomfort. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate whether compression therapy after thermal ablation of varicose veins can improve the prognosis of patients. Methods: Systematic research were applied for Chinese and English electronic databases(PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wanfang, VIP Databases). Eligible prospective studies that comparing the efficacy of compression therapy and non‐compression therapy on patients after thermal ablation of varicose veins were included. The interest outcome such as pain, quality of life (QOL), venous clinical severity score (VCSS), time to return to work and complications were analyzed. Results: 10 studies were of high quality, and randomized controlled trials involving 1,545 patients met the inclusion criteria for this study. At the same time, the meta‐analysis showed that the application of compression therapy improved pain (SMD: ‐0.51, 95% CI: ‐0.95, ‐0.07) but exhibited no statistically significant effect on QOL (SMD: 0.04, 95% CI: ‐0.08, 0.16), VCSS (MD: ‐0.05, 95% CI: ‐1.19, 1.09), time to return to work (MD: ‐0.43, 95% CI: ‐0.90, 0.03), total complications (RR: 0.54, 95% CI: 0.27, 1.09), and thrombosis (RR: 0.71, 95% CI: 0.31, 1.62). Conclusion: Compression therapy after thermal ablation of varicose veins can slightly relieve pain, but it has not been found to be associated with improvement in other outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Sedentary activities are not conducive to the health benefits of elderly residents living in nursing homes. This study explored the effect of a 12-week elastic band resistance exercise (EBRE) on physical function, depression and quality of life (QOL) among the elderly in nursing homes. Methods: A single-blind experimental design. Eighty elderly from three nursing homes in the south of Taiwan were selected and assigned to the control group (40) and the experimental group (40). The experimental group intervened with regular EBRE for 12weeks. The control group maintained the original lifestyle and activity. Physiological status, depression and QOL were assessed using tools and instruments with reliability and validity at weeks 4, 8, and 12 during the study period. Results: After the 12-week EBRE intervention, the grip strength, one of the physiological indicators, was significantly improved at weeks 4, 8 and 12 (p < 0.05) with the experimental group. The measured blood oxygen saturation, heart rate, respiratory rate and blood pressure were non-affected. Self-reported depression and QOL were improved (p < 0.001) significantly at week 12. Conclusion: Early intervention of EBRE is an effective method to improve grip strength and QOL and to reduce depression for the elderly living in nursing homes. The results provide empirical evidence for incorporating EBRE into regular activity in nursing homes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Compression therapy (CT) in venous leg ulcer (VLU) treatment has been further investigated, obtaining such favourable results -- by improving chronic venous hypertension and enhancing other positive effects in its pathophysiology -- that it is currently the cornerstone of its treatment. However, leg ulcers (LU) of non-venous aetiology can also benefit from CT. To date, current contraindications for CT are minimal. Despite these benefits, only 50 - 60% of these patients receive CT as part of their treatment, resulting in lower healing rates than expected. Inelastic bandages (IB) and short-stretch bandage (SSB) have multiple benefits in LU and VLU treatment as they provide low resting pressures and high working pressures >60mmHg in standing and walking, improving venous haemodynamics. The aim of this narrative review was to describe the benefits of IB and SSB in the treatment of LU non venous etiology. We conducted a non-systematic review of literature guided by the Scale for the Quality Assessment of Narrative Articles (SANRA), regarding the benefits of IB and short-stretch bandage (SSB) CT systems in LU non venous etiology. IB are safety systems which can be useful in multiple LU aetiology, including chronic venous hypertension, diabetes, peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and inflammatory diseases, reducing pain, time for wound healing, oedema, exudate, inflammatory process, and sanitary costs. IB and SSB have benefits that other elastic materials are often unable to achieve and, when their knowledge and training are well established, they have been shown to improve LU patient care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To evaluate the clinical performance, quality of life (QoL) and patient satisfaction with an innovative flat-knit compression garment for the daytime treatment of lymphoedema patients in daily routine. Method: In a prospective multicentre observational study, patients with leg or arm lymphoedema (stage I-II, International Society of Lymphology (ISL) standards, 2016) received a made-to-measure flat-knit compression class 2 JOBST Confidence (BSN-JOBST GmbH, Germany) thigh-high stocking or arm sleeve. Primary endpoint was the oedema status as determined by the mean sum of the circumferences at the beginning and the end of the wearing period. Secondary endpoints included QoL-related parameters and patient satisfaction with product features assessed through questionnaires. The observation period lasted three weeks. Results: A total of 97 patients (87 females, 10 males), of which 65 had leg lymphoedema and 32 had arm lymphoedema, received the study device. The oedema status was effectively maintained (slight reduction in mean sum of circumferences by –3.1±7.3cm; p=0.0001). For QoL-related parameters, the patients reported fewer limitations in work, leisure and psychological wellbeing after wearing the stocking or arm sleeve (all p-values <0.0001). They also experienced less limitations in function and movement, feeling of tension and heaviness, and fewer difficulties wearing clothes, shoes, jewellery or watches at study end (all p-values <0.0001). In terms of pleasant feeling on the skin, moisture management, softness of material, range of motion, overall wearing comfort and heat build-up under the garment, patients were more satisfied with the tested compression garment than with previously worn compression garments (all p-values <0.001). Conclusion: In this study, the tested innovative compression product increased patient satisfaction with the improved product features while the lymphoedema status was successfully maintained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: POTS affects younger people between the ages of 15 and 45, with a clear female predominance (80%). Dizziness, weakness, a quick heartbeat, and palpitations upon standing are the most frequent complaints. Additionally, patients frequently describe headaches, "brain fog," dyspnea, gastrointestinal problems, and musculoskeletal pain in addition to physical deconditioning and decreased exercise ability. Objective:- fitnees assessment of neurological symptoms along with musculoskeletal symptoms. Results - fitknees assessment shows significant changes in static balance, dynamic balance and gait parameter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Surgery is a high risk factor for the occurrence of pressure injury (PI). On the basis of theoretical research, pressure and duration of pressure are key factors affecting PI. Pressure is affected by the individual pressure redistribution capacity. So our study aims to explore how the surgery time and pressure intensity affect the occurrence of PI and what are the risk factors. A prospective study. A total of 250 patients who underwent elective surgery in a grade‐A general hospital from November 2021 to February 2023 were selected and divided into a group of 77 patients with IAPI (intraoperatively acquired pressure injury) and a group of 173 patients with no IAPI. Visual pressure inductive feedback system and body composition analysis technology were used to record the local pressure value and change of patients before and after anaesthesia. Relevant data of the patients were collected to explore the influencing factors. The maximum pressure and average pressure at the pressure site of the same patient changed before and after anaesthesia, and the pressure after anaesthesia was significantly higher than that before anaesthesia. There was no statistical difference in the average pressure after anaesthesia (p > 0.05), but the maximum pressure in the IAPI group was higher than that in the non‐occurrence group (p < 0.05). The average pressure multiplied by the operation time in IAPI group is significantly higher than that in the non‐IAPI group (p < 0.01). Multiple linear regression analysis (stepwise regression) showed that fat‐free weight, age, waist circumference, body mass index (BMI) and gender were taken as independent variables into the regression model, affecting the maximum pressure. In addition, operation time ≥4 h may be a high risk factor for IAPI. In future studies, more objective research tools can be applied to improve the accuracy of predicting the risk of IAPI. In addition to gender and BMI, follow‐up studies may consider including measures such as waist circumference and fat‐free body weight in IAPI risk assessment to guide the clinical nursing work more scientifically. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Elastic taping that applies shear force affects joint movement. However, it remains uncertain whether elastic taping or stretching is more effective in improving flexibility. OBJECTIVE: We investigated whether elastic taping for flexibility improvement is comparable to traditional stretching. METHODS: In this randomized controlled trial, 64 university students were randomly allocated to two groups: elastic taping on the sole or 30 s of static stretching. The primary outcome measures were the straight leg raising angle, tested with an equivalence margin (± 9.61∘ on changes), and the fingertip-to-floor distance. Secondary outcomes were the hip flexor and knee extensor strength, two-step distance, adverse events, and pain intensity during the intervention, which were compared using conventional statistical methods. RESULTS: The mean differences in straight leg raising between the two groups after the interventions were not greater than the equivalence margin (mean [95% CI]: 1.4 [ - 6.9, 9.5]; equivalence margin, - 9.61∘ to 9.61∘). There were no consistent differences between groups in terms of secondary outcomes except for pain intensity during the intervention (p > 0.05). Elastic taping did not induce pain. CONCLUSION: Elastic taping augments the flexibility-improving effect comparable to static stretching, based on an equivalence margin. Elastic taping of the sole appears to be an alternative method of improving flexibility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study aimed to formulate a numerical approach (finite element modelling (FEM)) to calculate pressure values generated by compression garments on a compressible limb analogue, and to validate the numerical approach using experimental measurements. Existing models were also compared. Method: Experimentally measured pressure values and deformation caused by compression bands on a compressible human limb analogue were compared with values predicted using the Young–Laplace equation, a previously formulated analytical model and the FEM. Results: The FEM provided greater accuracy in predicting the pressure generated by compression bands compared to existing models. The FEM also predicted deformation of the limb analogue with good agreement relative to experimental values. Conclusion: It was concluded that modelling the non-uniform manner in which the way a limb analogue is compressed should be incorporated into future modelling of the pressures generated by compression garments on a compressible limb analogue. Declaration of interest: The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Baghdad Science Journal is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Aim: To gain a greater understanding of how compression therapy affects quality of life, this systematic review appraised existing published studies measuring the impact of compression therapy on health quality of life (HRQoL), and pain, among people with venous leg ulcers (VLU). Method: Five databases were searched, and two authors extracted data and appraised the quality of selected papers using the RevMan risk of bias tool. Due to heterogeneity in the types of compression and instruments used to evaluate HRQoL, meta‐analysis was not appropriate; thus, a narrative synthesis of findings was undertaken. Results: Ten studies were included, 9 RCTs and one before‐after study. The studies employed nine different HRQoL tools to measure the impact of a variety of compression therapy systems, with or without an additional exercise programme, versus other compression systems or usual care, and the results are mixed. With the use of the Cardiff Cardiff Wound Impact Schedule, the SF‐8 and the SF‐12, study authors found no differences in QoL scores between the study groups. This is similar to one study using QUALYs (Iglesias et al., 2004). Conversely, for studies using EuroQol‐5D, VEINES‐QOL, SF‐36 and CIVIQ‐20 differences in QoL scores between the study groups were noted, in favour of the study intervention groups. Two further studies using QUALYs found results that favoured a two‐layer cohesive compression bandage and the TLCCB group, respectively. Results for the five studies that assessed pain are also mixed, with one study finding no difference between study groups, one finding that pain increased over the study period and three studies finding that pain reduced in the intervention groups. All studies were assessed as being at risk of bias in one or more domains. Conclusion: Results were varied, reflecting uncertainty in determining the impact of compression therapy on quality of life and pain among people with a venous leg ulcer. The heterogeneity of the compression systems and the measures used to evaluate HRQoL make it a challenge to interpret the overall evidence. Further studies should strive for homogeneity in design, interventions and comparators to enhance both internal and external validity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Morel-Lavallée lesion is an internal degloving injury seen after a traumatic force. These lesions are frequently missed on initial presentation, leading to a delay in diagnosis and increased morbidity. We present a case of a 52-year-old male who suffered an injury to his right thigh and was ultimately diagnosed with a Morel-Lavallée lesion after the third emergency department visit. Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) assisted with making the diagnosis and expediting proper care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Osmidrosis is a condition characterized by malodorous sweat production in the armpits that often necessitates surgical intervention with tie-over bandages in the axillary area. Standard tie-over bandages may cause skin compression-related complications, such as bruising and skin erosion. To address this issue, we developed a novel technique using a modified protective sleeve. We conducted an observational study involving 60 patients undergoing axillary osmidrosis surgery and divided them into groups. In the experimental group we used a novel technique that included using a modified protective sleeve secured with 4-0 silk sutures. In the control group we used standard tie-over bandages. We created the protective sleeve from the tail of a 3 mL syringe by drilling holes on both sides and securing it onto a 10 mm-wide Penrose drain. We threaded sutures through the holes and provided padding between the sutures and the skin. We assessed primary outcomes of bruising and skin breakdown at eight anchoring sites. We found that using the novel protective sleeve significantly reduced skin complications. Compared with standard bandages, the incidence of bruising was reduced by 83.33% (i.e., 16.7% vs 70%). The incidence of skin erosion was reduced by 75% (10% vs 40%). Notably, the control group exhibited delayed complications, such as hypertrophic scars. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim To investigate the correlations between tumour characteristics, symptoms, intraoperative findings, and outcomes in patient with meningioma. Methods A retrospective study was conducted on 86 surgically treated patients at Department of Neurosurgery of Cantonal Hospital Zenica from 2010 to 2020. Patients with intracranial meningiomas underwent neurological evaluation and MRI scans to analyse tumour characteristics, including volume (TV), peritumoral brain oedema (PTBE) and oedema index (EI). Surgical treatment was performed, followed by postoperative MRI and outcome assessment. Intraoperatively, the tumour's relationship with cortex, pial membrane, skull bones, and sinuses was evaluated, and the extent of tumour resection was graded. Meningioma samples underwent histopathological analysis to assess the grade and regularity of borders, and Ki-67 labelling index was determined using immunohistochemistry. Results Significant correlations were found between PTBE and Ki- 67 expression (p<0.001), PTBE and vomiting/nausea (p=0.002), cognitive impairment (p=0.047), venous compression (p=0.001), cortical, pial and dural invasion (p<0.05), and the postoperative presence of oedema (p=0.002). Venous compression, cortical, pial, dural and bone invasion positively correlated with Ki-67 expression (p<0.001). Grade and tumour border positively correlated with Ki-67 expression (p<0.001). Oedema persistence postoperatively showed a positive correlation with Ki-67 expression (p<0.001). Conclusion The study revealed significant correlations between Ki-67 expression and PTBE, with notable associations with clinical symptoms, tumour characteristics, and postoperative oedema presence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]