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A new Mossbauer spectrometer based on a CompactRIO platform was developed. The CompactRIO is a modular industrial computer platform developed by the National Instruments. This device runs under “LabVIEW RT OS”—Linux-based real-time operating system, which has a support of the LabVIEW programming environment. The CompactRIO has an integrated field programmable gate array (FPGA), which was used for most critical functions of the developed spectrometer, such as scintillation detector signal acquisition and accumulation of Mossbauer spectra, and for driving a velocity transducer movement using a proportional–integral–derivative (PID) regulation. The velocity transducer modulates gamma rays’ energy by movement using the Doppler effect. Precision of this movement is crucial, as it defines whole spectrometer accuracy. More sophisticated algorithms (i.e., PID parameters autotuning and additional Mossbauer spectra linearization methods) have been implemented on the real-time part of the CompactRIO. The developed spectrometer demonstrates the advantages of the real-time systems such as deterministic processing of large amounts of data allowing measurement in a very high velocity resolution.

Peak load shifting, a load management policy, has attracted widespread attention as it can minimize the impact of load variation on a system’s operation and reduce the electricity costs. Phase change materials (PCMs) can contribute to peak load shifting by storing the daytime solar energy in winter/free night cooling in summer or the low-rate energy provided at off-peak hours for use during the high electricity peak period. This study aimed to experimentally investigate the effect of an active PCM storage in combination with a price-based control on peak load shifting. The experiments were conducted using two identical test huts, which were equipped with an electric and solar air heater during cold seasons or an air conditioning unit during warm seasons. But in addition, one of the huts was equipped with an active PCM storage unit charged by the solar heater. A CompactRio data acquisition system, powered by LabView interface, was used to transfer data and communicate with a host computer. Results showed that the proposed system was successful in shifting both heating and cooling demands to the off-peak periods. Up to 47% of daily energy-saving (∼0.83 kWh) with a corresponding 65% of electricity cost-saving, in winter, and up to 23% daily energy saving (∼0.27 kWh) with a relevant 42% of cost-saving, in summer, were achieved.

The purpose of this article is to introduce data acquisition system for a cold crucible. The first part describes the induction system, cooling system and components used for measurement and data collection. The next part is devoted to the program created in LabVIEW software. It describes the parts of the program used for CompactRIO chassis and program designed for industrial PC that is used for visualization and data storage. At the end the main features of user interface are explained.

Rotary drilling systems are widely used in petroleum engineering to drill oil and gas wells. Control of drilling process is a very important topic because it allows industrials to optimize drilling...

The long-term performance of TAH pumps needs to be demonstrated. Reliability tests are performed to measure its ability to operate for months, or years, without failure. Real Heart is currently constructing test rigs for this purpose. Software for documenting test rig conditions is also required. Thus, the objective of this study is to assist in developing reliability test rig software. The software is written in LabVIEW and is hosted on a CompactRIO controller. Requirements include sampling of sensor data, logging, and alarms. Additionally, a PC dashboard is constructed for monitoring real-time data, reviewing logs, as well as controls for acquisition. Results of this study present a foundation for the test rig software. It features a modular architecture which allows for future scalability. The process of development involves research of hardware/software, establishing a reference design and to build and validate each module through test simulations. Data acquisition is set up with the NI-DAQmx API. It features automatic configuration for thermocouple, as well as custom signal scaling of the pressure and flow transducers. However, grouping of data and synchronization for logging and alarms was a challenge. The producer/consumer design pattern is implemented for grouping data as well as synchronization for logging and alarms. Det artificiella hjärtats långsiktiga prestanda måste demonstreras. Tillförlitlighetstester utförs för att mäta pumparnas förmåga att fungera i månader eller år utan att gå sönder. Real Heart bygger för närvarande testriggar för detta ändamål. Programvara för att dokumentera testriggens förhållanden behövs också. Därför är syftet med denna studie att hjälpa företaget med att utveckla programvara för tillförlitlighetstestriggar. Programvaran är skriven i LabVIEW och används på en CompactRIO-kontroller. Den kommer inkludera provtagning av sensordata, loggning och alarm. Dessutom är en PC-instrumentpanel konstruerad för övervakning av realtidsdata, granskning av loggar samt kontroll av datainsamling. Resultaten av denna studie utgör en grund för testriggens programvara. Den har en modulär arkitektur som möjliggör framtida uppskalning. Utvecklingsprocessen involverar studier av hårdvara/programvara, upprättande av en referensdesign, samt att bygga och validera varje modul genom testsimuleringar. Datainsamling genomförs med NI-DAQmx API. Den har automatisk konfiguration för temperatur, samt anpassad signalskalning av tryck- och flödesgivare. Designmönstret producent/konsument implementerades för gruppering av data, samt synkronisering för loggning och alarm.

A flexible combined heat and power (F-CHP) concept, enabled by a power electronics-based power conditioning system (PCS), has been recently proposed as a cost-effective way for supporting the grid with high penetration of renewable energy sources. To verify the design, control, and performance of the overall system, a laboratory-scale testbed is essential. This paper focuses on the development of a power electronics-based testbed for such a F-CHP system. The developed testbed can test the control, grid-connected mode operation, islanded mode operation, and mode transitions, including planned/unplanned islanding and reconnection, of the F-CHP system. In the grid-connected mode, both the steady state and transients of the ac grid can be emulated, and various grid support functions can be tested with the help of the developed PCS converter. In the islanded mode, the external ac loads can also be supported by the F-CHP system. Also, the central controller, which is implemented in a NI CompactRIO, can be tested. Experimental test results for the grid-connected mode, islanded mode, and mode transitions are provided to validate the testbed design.

For real-time embedded applications, several factors (time, cost, power) that are moving security considerations from a function-centric perspective into a system architecture (hardware/software) design issue. The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) adopts Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) as the most widely used encryption algorithm in many security applications. The AES algorithm specifies 10, 12 and 14 rounds offering different levels of security. Although the number of rounds determines the strength of security, the power consumption issue has risen recently, especially in real-time embedded systems. In this article, the authors present real time implementation of the AES encryption on the compactRIO platform for a different number of AES rounds. The target hardware is NI cRIO-9022 embedded real-time controller from National Instruments (NI). The real time encryption processing has been verified successfully. The power consumption and encryption time experimental results are presented graphically for 10, 12 and 14 rounds of processing.

Kut opterećenja sinkronog generatora pogonska je veličina koja daje direktnu informaciju o položaju radne točke generatora s obzirom na granicu stabilnosti. Budući da rad elektroenergetskog sustava karakteriziraju velike promjene pogonskog stanja rada sinkronog generatora, a prijelaz iz jednog u drugo pogonsko stanje najčešće prate značajne dinamičke promjene kuta opterećenja. Zbog toga je za upravljanje i zaštitu sinkronog generatora vrlo važno poznavati kut opterećenja. U ovome radu opisan je način mjerenja kuta opterećenja pomoću enkodera montiranog na osovini rotora sinkronog generatora i pomoću logičkog kontrolera NI CompactRIO-9022 s dodatnim modulom NI-9411. Osim toga dato je još nekoliko primjera mjerenja kuta opterećenja direktnim i indirektnim metodama. U sklopu ovoga rada izrađen je algoritam za mjerenje kuta opterećenja sinkronog generatora, a izrađen je pomoću programskog alata LabVIEW i modula LabVIEW Real-Time. Izrađeni algoritam detaljno je opisan i na kraju rada su prikazani rezultati simulacije istog. The load angle of a synchronous generator is a drive quantity that provides direct information about the position of the generator operating point with respect to the stability limit. Since the operation of the power system is characterized by large changes in the operating state of the synchronous generator, the transition from one to another operating state is usually followed by significant dynamic changes in the load angle. Therefore, it is very important to know the load angle to control and protect the synchronous generator. This paper describes a method of measuring the load angle using an encoder mounted on the rotor shaft of a synchronous generator and using a logic controller NI CompactRIO-9022 with an additional module NI-9411. Additionally, several other examples of direct and indirect load angle measurements are provided. As part of this work, an algorithm for measuring the load angle of a synchronous generator was developed using the LabVIEW software tool and the LabVIEW Real-Time module. The developed algorithm is described in detail and at the end of the paper, the results of the simulation are shown.

[ES] En el presente Trabajo de Fin de Máster se diseñará e implementará un banco de ensayos para la caracterización de sistemas mecánicos. El accionador del sistema será un motor lineal de alta potencia gobernado por un controlador de motor comercial. La adquisición de medidas, así como la coordinación del sistema ser realizará desde un controlador de tiempo real CompaqRio de National Instruments. La supervisión de todos los elementos se realizará desde un PC que comunicará con los distintos elementos mediante Ethercat para garantizar la máxima velocidad y sincronización. El resultado de este se incorporará a un prototipo de ensayos HIL que simula la interacción entre un pantógrafo real y una catenaria virtual., [EN] In this Master's Degree Final Project, a test bench for the characterization of mechanical systems will be designed and implemented. The actuator of the system will be a high power linear motor governed by a commercial motor controller. The acquisition of measurements, as well as the coordination of the system, will be carried out from a National Instruments CompactRio real-time controller. The supervision of all the elements will be carried out from a PC that will communicate with the different elements through Ethercat to guarantee maximum speed and synchronization. The result of this will be incorporated into a HIL test prototype that simulates the interaction between a real pantograph and a virtual catenary., [CA] En aquest Treball de Fi de Màster es dissenyarà i implementarà un banc d'assajos per a la caracterització de sistemes mecànics. L'accionador del sistema serà un motor lineal d'alta potència governat per un controlador de motor comercial. L'adquisició de mesures, així com la coordinació del sistema es realitzarà des d'un controlador de temps real CompactRio de National Instruments. La supervisió de tots els elements es realitzarà des d'un PC que comunicarà amb els diferents elements mitjançant Ethercat per a garantir la màxima velocitat i sincronització. El resultat d'aquest s'incorporarà a un prototip d'assajos HIL que simula la interacció entre un pantògraf real i una catenària virtual.

In this paper, the development of a Digital Twin of a beverages pasteurization system for temperature monitoring, using NI Lab-VIEW control system toolkit, is described. A cyber-physical production system, composed of a real-time simulation tool and a controller, has been set up and tested on a pilot plant set up in a university laboratory. The paper shows how the software platform, together with the hardware, has been implemented in a traditional system, not (yet) ready for Industry 4.0 technologies, and therefore underlines the main issues occurred during its development. The Digital Twin includes a CompactRIO controller and a set of probes, connected with the controller. The aim of the Digital Twin is to monitor the machine status, with a particular attention to the temperature reached by the service water and the required steam flow. To demonstrate the effectiveness of this system, a set of experimental tests has also been carried out.

During the last few years we have been working on a modernization plan for the Telescopio Nazionale Galileo (TNG) Control System1,2. On October 2019 we had the opportunity to execute the first step of this process. The telescope was going to be stopped for one month due to M1 mirror being aluminized, so we could change the azimuth control system, that had been thoroughly tested during the summer, with no additional observational time loss. In this paper we present the new control system based on the CompactRIO platform from National Instruments, the switching process between the old and the new control systems, and a performance comparison between them.

The advent of artificial intelligence has introduced new and innovative developments in the public transport that are progressing towards Autonomous Vehicles, or Robot Vehicles. Consequently, this highly sophisticated technology is projected to revolutionize the automotive field.The prototype EV autonomous vehicle presented in this paper is a jointly designed by the Taiwan-based Acer Company and STUST University. The main control system is realized with a CompactRIO controller for real-time IVN (In-Vehicle Networking) signal processing and communication. An NB-IOT function based hardware SIM7000_TE [1] is employed for vehicle-to-cloud communication. Based on this scheme, associated data, such as speed, location and time, can be obtained and stored in the cloud database.

This article presents the contribution of the Polytechnic Institute of Castelo Branco (IPCB) within the scope of PPS1 of the PRODUTECH SIF program - Solutions for the Future Industry, in terms of the definition of modules for scalability, adaptation, plug-and-play, with interoperability between processes and technologies inter/intra industrial plants. More specifically, its contribution for the definition, implementation and evaluation of OPC-UA device discovery services. Adopting the CompactRIO platform developed on PPS2 as a physical basis for a Smartbox, its development was extended during the present task with a view to incorporating and validating the adopted service discovery mechanisms in the program.

In view of the demand for the different output power of generators in the relevant test projects during the flight test, this paper proposes a real-time aircraft electric simulative load system based on CompactRIO (cRIO)-embedded controller, which can adjust the aircraft power generation by controlling the access and the output status of the resistive load. The system is used to realize the test of the load capacity of the generator and the working state under different load conditions. At the same time, the heat dissipation of the resistive load is performed by using two cooling modes of water cooling and air cooling. In this paper, the overall architecture of the electrical simulative load system is described first, and the subsystems and software modules are introduced in detail according to the function. Finally, the function and technical indicators of the system are verified by experiments, which proves the feasibility of the design.

—The paper has the objective of heat transmission analysis using CompactRIO and Labview in a natural illumination tube system, to compare in future the commercial Solatube illumination system with our prototype developed in question of internal and external tube temperature. The measurement is realized by the development of a program in Labview environment using temperature sensors lm35 and CompactRio FPGA processor. To do this, is followed stages of data analysis, comparison with already developed works, material selection, system construction, tests and finally discussions about the solution. Finally, we present the results of a real-scale comparative experimental study on the impact of the use of tubular solar pickup systems on thermal comfort in building facilities

The deployment of more and more power electronic devices results in the sub-synchronous oscillation caused by sub/super-synchronous harmonics associated with inverter-based renewable power generators (IRPGs). New measurement devices are needed to monitor the operation states of renewable power generator (RPG) areas. In this study, a synchronised measurement device for power systems with high penetration of IRPGs (SMD-R) is proposed and developed. Unlike traditional synchronised measurement devices, an SMD-R is able to perform real-time inter-harmonics and fundamental phasor estimation that are reported by different data frames in different rates by being installed inside a wind turbine or an integration station of RPG. The integration of SMD-R and the message format for inter-harmonics are outlined. A spectrum line curve fitting based algorithm is proposed to estimate inter-harmonics via a short data window. To track the dynamic process of RPG areas fast and precisely, an adaptive fundamental phasor algorithm based on phasor parameter behaviours identification is developed. The proposed SMD-R is implemented in a CompactRIO of National Instruments. Experiment results verify the accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed device.

The control system of the 5045 klystron modulator that is used in the VEPP-5 injection complex of the Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics (BINP, Novosibirsk) is described. The system is constructed on the basis of a built-in CompactRIO chassis (National Instruments) with a set of modules. Some of these modules are being developed at the BINP. The chassis with an auxiliary computer and a standby power supply is assembled in a 19'' frame with a height of 3U. The software for the modulator control, protection, and monitoring was developed in the LabVIEW environment. The system is integrated into the general control system of the injection complex on the basis of EPICS. A support of the CX server that was developed at the BINP was used at the chassis-controller level.

Three flywheel energy-stored impulse motor-generators (MGs) are used in the power supply system of HL-2A tokamak to produce short high-voltage or high-current pulse of desired parameters that are usually used for magnetic field coils and auxiliary heating equipment loads. The operation changing of these loads will cause disturbances in generator’s terminal voltage and the remarkable drop in MG’s rotating speed. This paper describes the implementation of an excitation controller using LabVIEW and CompactRIO for a 125-MVA impulse MG in power supply system of HL-2A/2M. Both a staged control strategy and digital PID algorithm built in LabVIEW are applied to the excitation controller that runs preciously in a 1-ms cycle to achieve voltage feedback control. The excitation controller, composed mainly of host computer and CompactRIO embedded reconfigurable system, is available to restore and stabilize terminal voltage in accordance with the desired voltage curves set by operators when pulsed loads and motor speed change quickly. It also implements real-time monitoring of the working condition and some electrical parameters of excitation system and communicates with central control system via Ethernet to either download discharge control files at time interval between two impulse discharges or upload waveform data generated in control process after a pulsed discharge. Engineering experiment results show that the use of excitation controller improves the voltage stiffness of the power supply system and provides the effective control of generator’s terminal voltage under the management of central control system.

Interlocks are the instrumented functions of ITER that protect the machine against failures of the plant system components or incorrect machine operation. Regarding I&C, the Interlock Control System ensures that no failure of the conventional ITER controls can lead to severe damage of the machine integrity or availability. ITER Interlock System incorporates several Plant Systems that require response times below 1 ms to perform the required protection actions. Systems like the Coil Power Supply System (CPSS), Ion Cyclotron Heating and Current Drive (ICH&CD), Neutral Beam Injectors and Current Drive (NBI&CD), Disruption Mitigation System (DMS), and others. ITER developed a methodology to create the fast architecture for the Plant Interlock Systems (PIS) that ensures high integrity on the final solution. The functional safety standard IEC 61508 has been used to define a methodology for the configuration of the RIO (Reconfigurable Input/Output) platform from National Instruments (compactRIO platform). This work describes in detail this methodology, valid for most cases just selecting different input/output signal types to be handled and choosing different numbers of interlock functions to be performed. In addition, this paper describes the development of the interlock system for the ITER Poloidal Field and Central Solenoid Coil’s Power Converter protection, a special case due to its unique configuration, the most complex implemented up to date. The development of this special case “puts to a test” the methodology’s approach. Finally, the discussion of the fitness of the methodology and the performance of the system is presented.

The 100 T pulsed magnetic field project is under development at the Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center, Wuhan, China. Using the NI CompactRIO hardware and LabVIEW software platforms, a control and data acquisition system (CADAS) for the 100 T pulsed high magnetic field facility is designed and implemented. This paper briefly introduces the design of the control system and presents the aspects of the implementation. The CADAS developed in this paper communicates with three types of power supply systems and controls their discharge coordinately, and records discharge waveforms. It has been put into test, and 67.6 T pulsed magnetic field has been generated by a test three-coil magnet.

Interlocks are the instrumented functions of ITER that protect the machine against failures of the plant system components or incorrect machine operation. Regarding instrumentation and control, the interlock control system (ICS) ensures that no failure of the conventional ITER controls can lead to a serious damage of the machine integrity or availability. The ICS is in charge of the supervision and control of all the ITER components involved in the instrumented protection of the tokamak and its auxiliary systems. It is constituted by the central interlock system (CIS), different plant interlock systems (PISs), and its networks. The ICS does not include the sensors and actuators of the plant systems, but it is in charge of their control. The ITER interlock system shall be designed, built, and operated according to the highest quality standards. The international standard IEC-61508 has been chosen as the reference. In both CIS and PIS cases, two main architectures are used: 1) a slow architecture, for those functions with response time requirements slower than 100 ms (300 ms for central interlock functions), based on programmable logic controller technologies and 2) a fast architecture, based on field programmable gate array (FPGA) technologies, for the functions with faster requirement times. The proposed design for fast PIS is based on the use of reconfigurable input/output (RIO) technology from National Instruments (NI CompactRIO platform). In order to provide a high integrity solution, failure modes, effects, and diagnostic analysis (FMEDA) has been conducted to analyze the component behavior. According to the output of the FMEDA, a set of diagnostics has been defined and additional redundancy was added to the architecture to improve the integrity figures. The defined configuration has been called the “double-decker solution,” with two chassis running in parallel, communicated between them using a synchronous high-speed serial line, and using redundant modules to implement the input and output measurements/excitations and redundant analog and digital modules to implement the diagnostics of these input/output modules. The integrity figures for the “double-decker” solution are obtained from the classification of the failure rates, obtaining for different configurations a safe failure fraction of 85% and a probability of dangerous failure per hour of less than 1E−07. The FPGA design includes all the hardware to support the data acquisition from the input modules, the implementation of the diagnostic functionalities for analog and digital modules, the voting schema, and the activation/deactivation of digital outputs. The platform includes an external test platform, also based on NI CompactRIO technology, to perform the validation of the system and to register the performance of different interlock functions implemented. The response time obtained for the transistor–transistor logic (TTL) input to TTL output interlock function ranges from 5 to $20~\mu \text{s}$ ; for the analog input to TTL output, the response time is in the range of 41– $90~\mu \text{s}$ , and for interlock functions using 24-V digital input to 24-V digital output, the time can rise up to $643~\mu \text{s}$ .