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Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a portable neuroimaging technique that may serve as a methodological tool for studying how sociocultural contexts can shape the human brain and impact cognition and behavior. The use of fNIRS in community-based research may (a) advance theoretical knowledge in psychology and neuroscience, particularly regarding underrepresented ethnic-racial communities; (b) increase diversity in samples; and (c) provide neurobiological evidence of sociocultural factors supporting human development. The review aims to introduce the use of fNIRS, including its practicalities and limitations, to new adopters inquiring how sociocultural inputs affect the brain. The review begins with an introduction to cultural neuroscience, and a review on the use of fNIRS follows. Next, benefits and guidelines to the design of fNIRS research in naturalistic environments (in the community or in the field) using a cultural lens are discussed. Strengths-based and community-based approaches in cultural neuroscience are recommended throughout. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

This article proposes the importance of admitting into the repertoire of Problem Structuring Methods for (Community) Operational Research, the methodology called Structured Dialogical Design (SDD). Problem Structuring Methods are described in the literature as facilitating transparent and participative ways of formulating and systemically modelling problems with a view to participants’ co-defining alternative futures. We reflect upon the contribution of SDD as lying in its appreciation of “third phase science” and discuss links to other deliberative processes. We indicate why SDD can be classed as “problem structuring” despite the near absence of publicisation in the Operational Research (OR) literature to date. We discuss distinct contributions that the SDD offers to the OR world and indicate how it strengthens and extends Community OR, contributes to Critical Systems Thinking in OR, and offers new mathematical approaches that the Community OR practitioners may wish to consider using. By way of illustration, we showcase the “European Initiative” as an aspect of a large-scale project across five geographical regions funded by the United Nations Democracy Fund, in conjunction with the Future Worlds Center (2016-2018). It engaged as stakeholders five cohorts of youth pioneers concerned with formulating options for re-inventing democracy in the digital age.

Kelompok Rajut Sejahtera atau Kelompok Ratra yang berdiri pada tahun 2016 merupakan kelompok ibu rumah tangga istri pensiunan tentara yang gemar merajut. Bertempat tinggal di perumahan tentara Kotabaru Yogyakarta, kelompok Ratra telah mengikuti beberapa kegiatan pembinaan untuk pelatihan merajut produk seperti tas, dompet, dan sepatu yang bertujuan menambah pengetahuan dan pemasukan keluarga. Pemasaran produk sudah dilaksanakan sejak tahun 2019, namun hasil penjualan belum baik dikarenakan adanya persaingan produk sejenis di pasaran. Di tahun 2021 ini, tim UKDW memfasilitasi kelompok Ratra dalam berinovasi desain dan menemukan karakter produk rajut untuk bersaing dalam pemasaran serta membuka pangsa pasar baru yang belum banyak dibuat oleh kompetitor sejenis, khususnya menghadapi situasi pandemik ini. Melalui pendampingan workshop, kelompok Ratra diperkenalkan dengan inovasi desain produk seperti bentukbentuk produk tableware, home decoration, serta aksesoris berukuran kecil yang cepat dibuat dan dibutuhkan dalam keseharian calon konsumen. Pendampingan difokuskan pada workshop kreativitas sekaligus penemuan ciri khas produk Ratra agar lebih cepat dikenal dan disukai konsumen. Adapun workshop yang diberikan antara lain perancangan kemasan, prinsip-prinsip desain, pemahaman tutorial desain rajut berbahasa Inggris, serta pengenalan alternatif material rajut dan penerapannya. Hasil utama dari pendampingan ini adalah penambahan wawasan pengetahuan varian produk rajut serta membangun peluang pasar baru dengan pengembangan jenis produk kelompok Ratra.

Business elites influence the allocation of resources to a range of causes related to the social good, such as to corporate community or environmental programs. We extend research on executive influence on corporate attention to alternative causes by showing how chief executive officers’ (CEOs’) engagement in two distinct institutional domains, corporate social responsibility (CSR) and independent foundation philanthropy, are interrelated. We draw on the psychology of moral accounting to refine the assumption of personal consistency prevalent in studies of executives’ corporate influence. Specifically, we show that executives use flexible means to realize an overall aspiration of doing good, resulting in divergent emphases in their CSR and philanthropic causes. Evidence comes from a panel of 677 corporations linked to 309 foundations through 1,109 CEOs during the period 2003–2011. CEOs compensated for deficits in their firms’ CSR record by joining the board of trustees of specific nonprofit foundations, but subsequently advanced divergent cause priorities in the corporation and the foundation. Our work suggests that studies of CSR and of executive influence on organizations benefit from taking into account executives’ cross-domain engagement.

Purpose Reintegration programs have emerged as part of the regimes of care for survivors of human trafficking. However, empirical analysis of the reintegration outcomes for survivors remains limited in the African context. Hence, this paper aims to examine the challenges and opportunities of reintegration assistance programs for survivors of human trafficking in Nigeria. Design/methodology/approach Drawing on qualitative methods of data collection and analysis, this study conducted semi-structured interviews with repatriated women who have accessed reintegration assistance in Nigeria, and data was analyzed using thematic analysis. Findings The findings suggest that while the reintegration programs might address the procedural aspect of reintegration, the achievement of substantive reintegration remains incomplete. This is because of the structural conditions of the context within which reintegration is supposed to occur. Practical implications There is a need to take seriously the distinction between the reintegration of survivors into a new community or a former community in the design of a regime of care for survivors of human trafficking in Africa. Crucially, the focus on procedural reintegration should not also divert attention away from the structural conditions and reforms needed to ensure survivors achieve substantive reintegration. Originality/value This paper contributes to the limited literature on life after trafficking and demonstrates the strengths and limitations of reintegration programs as a regime of care for survivors of human trafficking. In addition, this study empirically grounded the theoretical distinction between different aspects of the process of reintegration.

Cardiac arrest is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States. Cardiac arrest can occur in the community or among hospitalized patients. There are many commonalities between in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) and out-of-hospital cardiac arrest; however, significant differences exist. Optimizing outcomes for patients with IHCA depends on high-quality care supported by the best available evidence. It is essential that critical care nurses are familiar with the evidence related to IHCA. This article focuses on a review of the evidence on IHCA, focusing on practical implications for critical care nursing practice.

Summary General surgery remains a broad and unclearly defined specialty in small and medium-sized communities, where general surgeons perform more subspecialty and non-core procedures than their urban counterparts. It is unclear what specific procedures are being performed or whether today’s residents are being trained to meet community needs. We surveyed the members of the British Columbia (BC) Surgical Society and found that only 3% of BC’s surgeons believe today’s graduates are “definitely prepared” for a broad-based community practice. We also identified several non-core procedures performed more frequently by general surgeons in small and medium-sized communities. General surgery residency is narrowing its focus despite the fact that community general surgeons are maintaining a broad-based practice. To meet the needs of smaller communities, residency programs need to address the discrepancies that exist between the emphasis within the current training structure and the practice of our community surgeons.

Preserving the environment is a duty and responsibility that should not only be carried out by the government but is also for the community or citizens. The community must have a concern for preserving the environment around them, one of which is by caring for the waste produced in daily activities that can cause severe problems for environmental sustainability. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out waste management activities, such as in Kluwih Hamlet, Balecatur Village, Yogyakarta. This service program offered to socialize the positive impact of waste management for cleanliness, health, and environmental comfort. After that, the organizers held training for the people of Dusun Kluwih in managing waste to become compost. In addition to socialization and training, the community is assisted in forming a waste bank system in Kluwih Hamlet. This program also received support from service partners by Karang Taruna "Swayasatwika." The benefit of this program was that the villagers have succeeded in establishing and managing a waste bank and composting entitled “Kluwih Resik” waste bank. Along with establishing the waste bank, this service program can act as a solution in environmental conservation and increase economic income.

Increasing petroleum consumption and a rise in incidental oil spillages have become global concerns owing to their aquatic and terrestrial toxicity. Various physicochemical and biological treatment strategies have been studied to tackle them and their impact on environment. One of such approaches in this regard is the use of microbial processes due to their being "green" and also apparent low cost and high effectiveness. This review presents the advancement in the physical and biological remediation methods and their progressive efficacy if employed in combination of hybrid modes. The use of biosurfactants and/or biochar along with microbes seems to be a more effective bioremediation approach as compared to their individual effects. The lacuna in research at community or molecular level has been overcome by the recent introduction of "-omics" technology in hydrocarbon degradation. Thus, the review further focuses on presenting the state-of-art information on the advancement of petroleum bioremediation strategies and identifies the research gaps for achieving total mitigation of petroleum oil.

The COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 affected countries across the world and sudden disruptions to everyday life and impact well-being. The implementation of exceptional procedures of social distancing includes working places and schools’ closures urged people to stay at home to reduce the number of close physical interactions and decrease the spreading of pandemic. With the long hours of family members staying at home, people prefer to do some activities at home. Doing gardening is seen as one of the preferences of urban inhabitants. However, few studies have measured the preference of urban gardening, particularly during household gardening in Jabodetabek, Indonesia. This paper examines people preferences on household gardening during the pandemic of Covid-19, comparing it with their activities before and predict it with possibility after the pandemic. We explore how type of gardening varies between vegetable or ornamental plants, community or household garden type, and the persons involved during gardening. Using google form, 148 respondents in Jabodetabek were answering between July-Dec 2020. Our study examines the emotional well-being (EWB) using Qualitative Content Analysis (QCA), applying codes and categories. Gardening as one of the favorable activities considered to generate happy time with family and they would like to continue the activities after the pandemic. However, landscape architect was not yet chosen as the gardener when they need professional assistance. This might rise a future research about the role of landscape architect in gardening movement in urban community gardening

This article describes the date of the existence of an economic pillar in a community or ethnic group that is part of the culture in welfare. The economic pillars are zakat, infaq, and sadaqah (alms). In its development, it has its own existence and different practices, such as that of the Sangir community, which understands alms to be true, giving, and appreciating. Forms of practice such as; first, on normal days which can be seen from the number of weekly receipts of the Sangir mosque which reaches millions of rupiah, secondly on major Islamic holidays such as Ramadan and Eid al-Adha, and thirdly at certain moments such as the Malapeh tradition which is carried out during the hundred days and julo-julo custom at the time of walimah. The existence and persistence of this cannot be separated from the knowledge possessed by the Sangir community, as well as the role of religious and traditional leaders in cultural settings. The variety of alms receptions that have become part of the pattern of people's lives certainly has an influence, both on the environment and for the ethnic community itself.

Despite the fact that the daily problems that generate intergenerational relations, this is not given significant attention in the scientific community or in public administration. Generational management as a special phenomenon can serve as a basis for reviewing some of the problems of the modern system of public service, understanding reality, and making new decisions. As part of the research project, a survey was conducted with the participation of experts, the results of which were supported by additional methods of qualitative analysis. The article considers and formulates the issues of "turnover" in the civil service, conflicts in the team, and the value system of civil servants.

"Las ceremonias colectivas, fueran de carácter comunitario o de orden familiar, estuvieron jerarquizadas en las sociedades de las Tierras Bajas mayas del periodo Clásico y se diseñaron en el marco de un muy amplio abanico de finalidades; de manera que su huella en el registro arqueológico presenta, también, un elevado grado de variación. Muchos de estos rituales culminaron en la celebración de fiestas y comidas que, en no pocas ocasiones, revelan una “fisonomía arqueológica” similar y dificultan la interpretación de su naturaleza. En este ensayo analizamos un depósito ritual excavado a la espalda de la Estructura J3 del Grupo IV de Palenque, un espacio residencial de élite ocupado por uno de los linajes nobles más distinguidos de la ciudad, así como la ingestión colectiva de alimentos y bebidas por parte de sus oficiantes y asistentes."

The Higher Education plays an important role in the Financial Development, in Economic Growth and in the Environmental Science. The purpose of the study is to train student leaders to become reflective and critical thinkers in their environment. There is a need for an intervention by student leaders in higher education institutions on environmental education. Thus, a seminar-workshop that will improve student leadership and critical thinking capabilities is a smart approach. This research aimed to describe the strategies for the recognition and realistic implementation of reflective critical thinking skills to students in their studies, their families and the community or environment. It also aimed to bring out the general importance of environmental education in their life as students. This study uses a qualitative method using critical analysis and survey. Graphical, ranking, and tabular techniques were also used to present the results. This was attended by 40 student leaders who engaged in the intervention activity. The data obtained has been summarized and analyzed. As a result, the different methods were ranked accordingly when determining areas for development. In the end, the researchers have come up with a Reflective Critical Thinking Cycle in Environmental Education that can be used and extended to oneself, the family, and the society. The research findings based on the intervention should be consistently done to show students how to balance academic and extra-curricular activities and in dealing with their environment

This research wants to know the potential use of podcasts as providers of da'wah content. Da'wah is one of the mandatory processes of humans in living their lives. Da'wah activities will experience changes and adjustments along with the development of human life. Da'wah is everything that can be done at any time, place and condition including in the covid-19 pandemic. Podcasts become one of the alternative mediums of community or individual in spreading the treatises on Islamic values. This research used descriptive qualitative research method with literature study type. The conclusion of this research is that Podcasts are quite capable and suitable as a medium for disseminating da'wah with a note that they must develop relevant strategies that can improve their existences.

Online health communities (OHCs) have become important resources from which members can obtain social support. Since most benefits of OHCs are provided by its members, it is crucial that OHCs maintain a critical mass of active members. This paper examines temporal changes in members' participation in a cancer-orientedOHC, focusing on the changes in members' motivations and behavior as they transition from newcomers to other roles or when they ultimately leave the community. Our work used mixed methods, combining behavioral log analysis, automated content analysis, surveys and interviews. We found that shifts in members' motivations seemed to be driven by two sources: the internal dynamics common to becoming a member of most online communities and the external needs associated with their cancer journey. When members' disease-driven needs for support decreased, most members quit the site. The motivations of those who stayed shifted from receiving support to providing it to others in the community. As in many online communities, old-timers contributed the vast majority of content. However, they encountered challenges that threatened their commitment, including negative emotions related to other members' deaths, which led them to take leaves of absence from the community or to drop out permanently. Implications for the motivation changes ofOHC members are discussed.

The disease caused by the Corona Virus (Covid-19) is a disease that is transmitted through small droplets that are produced when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or exhales. This droplet cannot stay in the air for a long time, so it quickly falls and sticks to the surface of the floor, hands, or others. Besides, it can be transmitted when someone touches the surface of a contaminated object and then touches the eyes, nose, or mouth. A series of government efforts were taken to minimize the spread of this virus, starting with policies to limit activities outside the home, restricting schools, working, and implementing large-scale regional quarantines, all of which were carried out to reduce the spread of Covid-19. Through the community service program carried out by lecturers and students in contributing to solving problems in society by making Automatic Sterilizer Chambers, the existence of this tool is able to help the local community in dealing with its spread, which can be seen from the good response given by the community or local officials. This was evidenced by the enthusiasm of the participants who came to use the tool either at the village hall, school, or in other public places.

The period of the second half of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and the beginning of the Late Glacial (LGT) belongs to a remarkably interesting period of human history because humans had to adapt to severe conditions. Moravia, in the eastern part of the Czech Republic, is one of the crucial European regions where we can study human behaviour during the mentioned period. This area was not depopulated due to the presence of local refuges. There are 50 sites that are attributed to the Epigravettian or the Epiaurignacian. Some of these have been dated between 23 and 15 ka cal BP. One approach to studying relations between both technocomplexes is related to the analysis of settlement strategies. Earlier analyses have indicated people changed their behaviour during the end of the LGM and the beginning of the LGT. They preferred protected locations and we are able to identify two mains strategies – sites in low elevations near main rivers or higher elevations on the eastern slopes. New analyses based on statistics confirm two different settlement strategies in Moravia during the time under analysis. The first, which is better defined, is related to sites classified as Epiaurignacian. The second group is represented by Epigravettian assemblages. The settlement strategy for this technocomplex is more variable. Two different settlement strategies during the Late Upper Palaeolithic (LUP) in Moravia may indicate two different communities, seasonal changes in behaviour of one community or cultural evolution of one community over time.

This research tackles the alter community or a collective of Filipino Twitter users producing and circulating amateur porn in the form of videos or text. This article analyzes the ways in which Twitter’s features and user practices enable and constrain the production and circulation of porn, as well as its implication in understanding gay masculinity and sexual politics. By looking at Twitter’s affordances and the dynamics in the alter community, I argue that the alter community is a site where Filipino perform and validate their masculinity. This takes place alongside commodification and ghettoization that fits neatly into restraining attitudes on sexuality in the Philippines. This article contributes to a more complex and nuanced understanding of pornography, as well as the ways in which technological affordances and dynamics in distinct virtual spaces impact our understanding of gay masculinities.

Modifiable risk factors related to lifestyle choices contribute to the disproportionate impact of poor physical health among individuals with serious mental illness (SMI). This mixed methods study sought to elucidate factors that promote and challenge healthy lifestyle engagement. Focus groups were conducted to assess the lived perspectives of twelve individuals with SMI living independently in the community or utilizing group housing about their dietary and exercise habits. A survey was administered pre-focus group to explore participant views on and motivations for healthier living. Three major themes emerged based on focus group discussion: Meaning of Healthy Living, Obstacles to Maintaining Good Health, and Importance of Community. Overall, participants demonstrated positive attitudes and readiness for healthy lifestyle changes. Healthy lifestyle interventions with careful consideration of determinants related to health disparities and existing community resources to support such activities are recommended to improve physical health in people with SMI.

Colin Riley's collaborative and curated project In Place (2015–18) – with its exploration of memory, place, language and identity – becomes a stimulus for considering the intertwining relationship between the song cycle and the album form. Featuring seven commissioned poets alongside found texts, In Place simultaneously assembles fragments of contemporary Britain and its broken tongues whilst reflecting on the current possibilities for binding these through song. Riley and his collaborators construct a sense of place in the movements between idiom, psychogeography, field recordings, samples, instrumental voices, speech and song, rather than from any fixed location, reference, identity or origin. I argue that this adapts and learns from the history of the album as a form of double binding, both of a finite set of materials and, crucially, of a community or interpersonal relations. With its development in the modern era through the poetry collection, song cycle, and recording, the album provides a model for living, collective remembrance, contrasting with the archival paradigm of preserving cultural authority. Its transformation and persistence are pursued with the emergence of the concept album through to music streaming, offering an historical framework in which In Place can be appreciated as a contribution to the contemporary ‘return to memory’.

PAUD teacher must have emotional maturity. The things that are directly related to the emotional maturity level of the teacher are environment, be it at home, the community or the educator's environment in the institution. Therefore, if a PAUD teacher can be well received by his fellow students, he tends to have emotional stability. With the acceptance of teachers in the early childhood environment, it can help students in early childhood development. It is assumed that emotional maturity has a significant relationship with the teacher's ability to socialize. The results showed that most of the PAUD teachers were quite good at emotional maturity, namely 74% of all respondents, then 21% of teachers were in the good category. However, there are still 5% of teachers whose emotional maturity is not good. The level of socialization of early childhood teachers in institutions and the environment is in the quite good category, namely as much as 79%, in the good category, which is 15% and there are still 6% of teachers who have poor social skills. The table shows that there is a relationship between emotional maturity and teacher PAUD socialization in Bunga sub-district, Sragen regency.

The first 5 years of a child's life are crucial in laying the foundation for their health and developmental trajectory into adulthood. These early years are especially influenced by the surrounding environments in which children live and grow. A large international body of evidence demonstrates that children who experience disadvantage tend to fall increasingly behind over time. At the societal level, these inequities can cause substantial social burdens and significant costs across health, education, and welfare budgets. A contributing factor is that children experiencing adversity are less likely to have access to the environmental conditions that support them to thrive. Many of these factors are modifiable at the community or place level. We argue for three key-though not exhaustive-ideas that collectively could achieve more equitable outcomes for children facing disadvantage and experiencing adversity:We conclude that if adopted, these 3 ideas could contribute to the ability of local communities and networks to identify and respond to factors that address early childhood inequalities.

Immunochromatographic assay kits are used in primary diagnostics which is based on the principle of antigen and antibody interaction. These kits play pivotal role in rapid surveillance of infectious diseases at early stages as well as for the surveillance of the contagious diseases. The immunochromatographic test kits lacks sensitivity and specificity with certain diseases. In this study, our intention was to develop a rapid test kit for SARS-COV-2 with a novel diluent system to enhance the efficacy of antigen–antibody binding and thereby the improvement in the sensitivity outlined. Finally, IgG antibodies against SARS-COV-2 virus peptides were analyzed using 25 positive and 25 negative confirmed clinical samples. The sensitivity of the clinical studies showed 91% sensitivity and 100% specificity. Therefore, the authors propose that this assay will be a potential tool for efficient community or sentinel surveillance of SARS-COV-2 infection and additionally, for effective monitoring of convalescent sera therapy.

Resumen Introducción. La legionelosis es una enfermedad respiratoria bacteriana de origen ambiental que puede ser adquirida en el ámbito comunitario u hospitalario, y suele estar asociada con equipos, instalaciones y edificios. La forma clínica más conocida es la neumónica, conocida como enfermedad del legionario. Objetivo. Determinar la evolución de los casos de legionelosis en España en el periodo de 2010 a 2015. Materiales y métodos. Se hizo un estudio descriptivo de series temporales y se analizaron los casos de legionelosis notificados al Centro Nacional de Epidemiología del Gobierno de España. Se determinó la distribución de los casos según el sexo, la comunidad autónoma, el mes y los grupos de edad. Para el último se diferenció entre hombres y mujeres. Resultados. El recuento de casos en hombres fue superior al doble con respecto a las mujeres. La distribución en las comunidades autónomas presentó un aumento de los casos notificados al final del periodo en nueve de ellas, siendo notable en Castilla y León, Navarra y el País Vasco, y muy relevante en Castilla-La Mancha. Se estableció un patrón estacional con un pico epidémico en julio-septiembre y un mayor número de casos en torno a los 50 años de edad en ambos sexos. Conclusiones. A pesar de mostrar una prevalencia baja con respecto a otras enfermedades respiratorias, la legionelosis tiene gran impacto en la salud pública. Presenta una distribución global y heterogénea en el territorio español, con un aumento de casos en los dos últimos años, por lo que se requiere una mejor prevención y control de la enfermedad. Abstract Introduction: Legionellosis is a bacterial respiratory disease with an environmental origin in the community or in hospitals; it is usually associated with devices, facilities, and buildings. The most common clinical form is the pneumonic, known as legionnaires' disease. Objective: To determine the evolution of legionellosis cases in Spain from 2010 to 2015. Materials and methods: This was a descriptive study of time series with an analysis of the legionellosis cases notified to the Centro Nacional de Epidemiología (Government of Spain). Case distribution was determined according to sex, the autonomous community of origin, month, and age groups differentiating in the latter between men and women. Results: Case count in men was more than double compared to that in women. The cases notified by nine of the autonomous communities showed an increase at the end of the period, especially in Castilla y León, Navarra, and the Basque Country but also notable in Castilla-La Mancha. A seasonal pattern was identified with an epidemic peak in July-September and a greater number of cases among 50-years old people from both sexes. Conclusion: Despite its low prevalence compared to other respiratory diseases, legionellosis has a great impact on public health. Its distribution in Spain is global and heterogeneous with cases increasing in the last two years. Therefore, better disease prevention and control measures are recommended.

Historically, nurses have volunteered to serve in wars and natural catastrophes. However, instead of a distant disaster, many nurses in the UK volunteered, working above and beyond, to assist their colleagues, local communities and health systems in the NHS during the peaks of the COVID-19 pandemic. Although the motivations and benefits to the community or self of volunteerism have been discussed in the literature, there is a paucity of literature and theoretical understanding from the field of nursing. Using a reflective and personal account of volunteering, this article aims to provide a better understanding of the concept of volunteerism in nursing. By exploring associated nursing theories from Jean Watson and Kristen Swanson, this article aims to illuminate and expand the knowledge base about nursing volunteerism. These nursing theories can frame the act of volunteerism and nursing and illustrate the interrelations of nursing theory and the practice of nursing volunteerism.

This article intends to reflect on the construction of a Geothermal Power Plant (PLTP) on Mount Slamet. The construction of the PLTP has been rejected by the Banyumas community, especially the slope communities there. During the exploration process for the power plant, the people on the slopes of Mount Slamet experienced various impacts. Starting from the murky water, forest animals entering the villages, so that material losses cannot do business. This article reviews the phenomenology of how important the development of PLTP is in the midst of a surplus of electricity in Java Island. The findings in this article identify flaws in procedures from planning to implementation. The plan is to do legal acrobatics so that it is easy to get project permits. When doing exploration, it has a significant impact on the community on the slopes of Mount Slamet. Therefore the article tries to provide suggestions or input to local and central governments for; make an objective Environmental Impact Analysis (AMDAL), involve professional parties to conduct academic studies, involve the community or NGOs when determining the PLTP project, conduct intensive and periodic outreach to the community, and provide compensation to the affected communities.

El presente estudio se genera a partir de las estadías en el departamento de Vinculación donde se encuentra el enlace final entre el estudiante y el futuro profesionista próximo a egresar. Dicho departamento cuenta con la consigna de mantener la comunicación abierta entre la comunidad estudiantil y las diferentes oportunidades locales, estatales, nacionales e internacionales que permitan ser el enlace para los jóvenes durante su estancia académica y posterior a ella. Recluta-Te, es la plataforma resultante que permite acortar la brecha de comunicación entre el departamento de vinculación, las áreas de oportunidad (capacitación, ofertas laborales, becas, estancias o estadías estudiantiles, servicio social y/o residencias profesionales) proveedores de las mismas y la comunidad estudiantil o egresada, esto a través de un seguimiento de couch establecido por la vinculación escolar de la Institución. The present study is generated from the stays in the Department of Bonding where the final link between the student and the future professional nearing graduation is found. This department has the aim of maintaining open communication between the student community and the different local, state, national and international opportunities that allow young people to be connected during their academic stay and afterwards. Recluta -Te, is the resulting platform that allows to shorten the communication gap between the department of connection, the areas of opportunity (training, job offers, scholarships, stays or student stays, social service and / or professional residences) suppliers of the same and the student community or graduates, this through a follow-up of couch established by the school link of the Institution.

Online communities, socio-technical systems where people interact with others, depend on new members coming to the community. While the majority of research in online communities relation to the recruitment of new members has focused on new members’ socialization and retention, little work has focused on howpotential new memberswho are not yet a member of the community make the decision on whether they are willing to join in the online community. To understand this initial decision process, we investigated how potential new members build mental models of the online community from their first experience within the community, and how this process impacts the decision to continue participating in the community. We interviewed 31 potential new members of the online communities, Quora and Reddit, to better understand how they evaluate a new community. We found that the process of understanding a community involves orienting toward multiple different aspects of the community, including the content available on the community, the people who are already part of the community, and the technology interface and mechanisms that control the community. Participants who focused on consuming and enjoying content were much more likely to express an interest in future participation in these communities than participants who just evaluated the community, looking at the people in the community or the technology of the community. This extends previous considerations for recruiting new members in online communities. We conclude by discussing how our findings can have broad implications in developing successful online communities and suggesting future research efforts that could help understand potential new members.

This community service activity discussed the introduction of Islamic Banking in the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic at the Nuruddin Mosque, Gelebak Dalam Village, Rambutan District, Banyuasin Regency, Palembang. The purpose of this community service activity is to provide an introduction to Sharia Banking to the people of Gelebak Dalam Village with the hope that the community or socialization participants can understand the current existence of Islamic banking which is everywhere both in villages and in urban areas. The socialization participants can also find out that sharia talks are currently being discussed by many people. Sharia banking is a banking system developed based on sharia or Islamic law.

Leadership is essential for transformation, whether in the community or organization. Christian principles and teachings bring about different ethical principles that influence different aspects of life, including leadership. The catholic church in particular, has had a strong impact in leadership globally. This article describes the catholic perspective on intelligent leadership, emphasizing on the values that define intelligent leadership like dignity, justice and collaboration for a common good. The purpose of this paper is to define intelligent leadership and explore the relationship between leadership as a vocation in Catholics and employee-oriented leadership.

Disaster is a serious disruption in the smooth functioning of a community or a geographical region which results in acute and multi-dimensional loss ofpeople's lives and property which is beyond the coping capability of that community or region and Vulnerability is the degree of proneness or susceptibility of an area/population to the impacts of a disaster. The present study which is mainly based on secondary sources of data has tried to make an attempt in understanding the profile of vulnerability of India to flood disaster. It has also attempted to access look into various natural and anthropogenic causes that lead to this disaster as well as mapped out the flood prone areas of the country. In addition to it, the researcher has tried to highlight some of the measures of disaster mitigation.

This paper begins with a sociohistorical analysis of the university as a specific community of interacting intellectuals, which enabled the creation of an epistemological and institutional core for the development of the social sciences. On the other hand, we critically consider and analyze the contemporary university reforms in Europe, in terms of bringing universities and the social community closer together through the social dimension, as well as the dimensions of entrepreneurship and innovation. This paper aims to investigate the role of the university from its inception as a specific and unique intellectual community, towards its current aspirations to connect and integrate with the wider community. Two research tasks have been defined: the first refers to determining the importance of the interaction among intellectuals within the university for the production of scientific knowledge, while the second task involves analyzing the importance of interaction between the university and the social community through the university?s third mission. The research results indicate that the institutional and interactionist framework for the establishment of the university as an institution that communicates with the wider community was gradually formed through its various roles and reforms in the course of social history. However, we also conclude that the social role of the university has always been relatively complementary to the current third mission requirements, and with the historical development of knowledge concerning human society.

Background: A disaster is a severe functional disruption of a community, and occurring over a short or long period of time that causes widespread human, material, economic, or environmental loss which exceeds the ability of the affected community or society to cope using its own resources. In this study, we aimed to assess the awareness and confidence of Saudi emergency medical services (EMS) students regarding disaster response skills, and to identify the preferred method of induction and training for coping with a disaster situation. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional survey, modified from the Arabic Disaster Preparedness Evaluation Tool, was distributed in all colleges for EMS in Saudi Arabia, including government and private colleges, targeted at alumni of the EMS class of 2017/18. Results: A total of 329 surveys were collected. EMS students were shown to be prepared to face a disaster situation (M = 3.44; M = 3.84). Practical simulations and live drills were the preferred method of emergency procedures induction (M = 4.52). Conclusion: EMS students were confident in their disaster response ability, favoring live drills as a method of re-enforcing emergency practices.

Introducción: la enfermería pediátrica se enfoca en el cuidado de la niñez y de la adolescencia, posicionándose como un recurso que comprende de manera empática a estas poblaciones y facilita la conjunta satisfacción de las necesidades de salud en sus diferentes contextos de atención (individual, familiar, comunitario o social).Objetivo: analizar algunas de las implicaciones de la enfermería pediátrica durante la emergencia sanitaria por COVID-19.Síntesis de contenido: se exponen algunas implicaciones de la enfermería pediátrica, como, por ejemplo, el mejoramiento de los estilos de vida a través del uso de herramientas “online” apropiadas para cada grupo etario. Por ello, el desarrollo de una investigación debe orientar la elaboración de recursos de información sobre una enfermedad determinada y cómo prevenirla, con lo cual se busca promover un rol educativo y de asesoría más activo que permita satisfacer las necesidades imperantes en la población pediátrica.Conclusiones: las implicaciones del cuidado de la enfermería pediátrica para la niñez y la adolescencia deben basarse en evidencia científica acorde a los intereses de esta población y el trabajo interdisciplinario de los profesionales en el área.

2020 es la expresión del cúmulo de consecuencias provocadas por un capitalismo rapaz. La degradación del medio ambiente por la explotación de los recursos naturales crece en forma exponencial y a un ritmo nunca visto en otra época de la historia económica. Por lo que, dar a conocer las alternativas al desarrollo económico y compartir conocimiento de entrelazamiento de estas con la sociedad, son necesarios en las discusiones de cualquier lugar, desde centros de investigación hasta una pequeña comunidad o localidad, qué es el extractivismo y el neoextractivismo como modo de relación social de crecimiento económico a base de la explotación y destrucción de los recursos naturales, remarcar que a pesar de que pueden ser medio de crecimiento económico ciertos productos como los minerales, su explotación se ve inmersa en una ilusión desarrollista, dominada por el capital financiarizado, y por último sus consecuencias y manifestaciones de los que reconocen la importancia de la tierra, agua, aire y que nos anuncian de que sin la recuperación de esa conexión ancestral de esos elementos, no habrá desarrollo económico.

A city is a place where many initiatives, people, and social and urban challenges meet. This article brings together the cumulative knowledge of eight researchers who have been studying community-based initiatives (CBIs) via case studies in various countries. In some countries, citizens were not satisfied with government-provided services, or services were lacking. Governments in other countries faced budget cuts to their public services, which led to a strong call for citizens to take matters into their own hands. There is a lack of research investigating the performance of CBIs and explaining their success and failure. The authors systematically analyze their recent case studies through qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) and try to explain under which conditions CBIs lead to high performance. One of the key findings of this analysis is that proximate conditions related to the CBIs—strong organizational capacity, democratic structure, and leadership—are important for high performance. However, these conditions are not sufficient on their own. Community-based initiatives need a conductive environment to achieve high performance; in our cases, government support and a heterogeneous community or a supportive government attitude was key.

This article discusses the use of the concept of h ā jat (necessity) in the application of sharia law when there are difficulties in applying the original provisions. The h ā jat (necessity) makes it possible for people and individuals not to apply the original law when they experience difficulties in applying it. However, the use of h ā jat must fulfill several conditions, including (1) it should be mu'tabarah , not contradicting the prevailing principles of syara', (2) it should be found in cases that seriously threaten religious interests, life/soul, mind, descent, and property. (3) If the hājat is general for a group of people or the wider community or individuals, then this position of hājat occupies an emergency position and takes place permanently for the community but temporarily for individuals. This study found the fact that some contemporary scholars no longer adhere to the principle of hājat which is mu'tabarah or following the maq ā sid shar ī 'ah with all its requirements but has mixed it with pseudo -ad-dhar ū rah (emergency). Through this approach, some contemporary cases that were initially considered har ā m (forbidden), such as forex (Foreign Exchange) are considered lawful because they are needed. In other words, even though it is not a real hājat because forex is rib ā nas ī 'ah , it can be done in an emergency, as is the case with bonds that have fixed interest.

Extracted human teeth is the preferred choice for preclinical training as it simulates the clinical scenario as compared to artificial teeth. However, the increase in the number of dental undergraduates might cause an imbalance in the demand and supply of extracted human teeth. Not only that, extracted human teeth are also needed by researchers for the development of dentistry (e.g. dental pulp stem cells research). This study aimed to evaluate the socio-demographic and preclinical training factors associated with the willingness to donate teeth among dental students of a selected university in Malaysia. The results of thisstudy show that the majority of students were willing to donate their teeth after extraction for educational purposes, followed by keeping their tooth, leaving it behind as clinical waste anddonating it to research. Further research is recommended to determine the willingness of the community or public to donate their teeth to meet the demand for dental schools and researchers in Malaysia.

espanolEn el arte de reconstruir las historias regionales y locales el historiador se enfrenta a una realidad social que refleja una comunidad o un grupo humano, en un espacio concreto que ha establecido vinculos economicos, politicos, socioculturales y mentales entre sus miembros, definiendose su unidad historica. En el estudio de la microhistoria se reconocen las practicas culturales como factor esencial de la identidad local y regional que permite la distincion entre comunidades, grupos y regiones. El desarrollo de proyectos de investigacion historica demanda la necesidad de asumir un enfoque historiografico que conciba la dimension cultural del acontecimiento o proceso historico. Esta premisa cientifico-metodologica permite definir el objetivo de esta propuesta: argumentar la importancia del analisis de la dimension cultural de los procesos historicos a partir de la herencia y el aporte cultural del fenomeno historico en su condicion de obra humana. En este sentido, se destacan consideraciones epistemologicas, culturales y cientificas que se asocian a la incursion investigativa y su repercusion en el fortalecimiento de los valores tradicionales y el desarrollo integral de las localidades. El estudio incluyo el analisis de resultados historiograficos nacionales y locales, de los principios de la metodologia de la investigacion historica y los criterios mas actuales acerca de la historia total. EnglishIn the art of reconstructing the regional and local histories the historian faces a social reality that reflects a community or a human group, in a concrete space that has established economic, political, sociocultural and mental bonds among their members, being defined their historical unit. In the study of the microhistory the cultural practices are recognized as essential factor of the local and regional identity that allows the distinction among communities, groups and regions. The development of projects of historical investigation demand the necessity to assume a focus historiographical that conceives the cultural dimension of the event or historical process. This scientific-methodological premise allows to define the objective of this proposal: to argue the importance of the analysis of the cultural dimension of the historical processes starting from the inheritance and the cultural contribution of the historical phenomenon in their condition of human work. In this sense, they stand out epistemological, cultural and scientific considerations that associate to the investigative incursion and their repercussion in the invigoration of the traditional securities and the integral development of the towns. The study included the analysis of having been national and local historiography, the principles of the methodology of the historical investigation and the most current approaches about the total history.

Yuki Fumino’s currently ongoing series, I Hear the Sunspot, is a manga that provides a voice for those on the “outside” of society as it examines Japanese cultural attitudes toward both disability and homosexuality. Employing a range of characters, the manga confronts the problem of compulsory able-bodiedness and the need for disabled persons to fill prescribed roles, the process of moving away from self-isolation to self-acceptance, and the debate between living insularly within a disabled community or community building between disabled and nondisabled communities. Fumino uses the figure of Kohei to represent the struggles of self-acceptance as it relates to intersectional queer and disabled identities, and the figure of Taichi to represent the ‘bridge’ of community building as a catalyst to this self-acceptance in a society where both disabled and queer communities are seen as outsiders.

In healthcare, phenomena which are frequent and expected in a given community or culture are considered normal. However, the criteria currently used to determine when speech sound interventions should be performed do not adhere to this standard, and do not take into account patients’ psychosocial characteristics, but rather continue to follow the biomedical model. After a review of the relevant literature, we propose that new criteria for speech sound evaluation and intervention are needed. We argue that such criteria should be developed by a multidisciplinary group made up of experts in healthcare, education and the social sciences, using a descriptivist framework and adhering to the biopsychosocial model.

The development of information and communication technology is increasingly developing following the development of human civilization to date. Technological developments have also penetrated into the health sector that is able to process and think like humans, namely Artificial Intelligence technology. Artificial intelligence is divided into several fields of science, one of which is expert systems. One system that experts use is to diagnose malnutrition in toddlers. In the Expert System Utilization diagnose malnutrition in toddlers using the appropriate Bayes theorem to be applied to this problem. With this expert system, it can make it easier for the community or Pagar Merbau health center agency to make decisions through alternatives and criteria obtained from information or data managers. The accuracy value for the accuracy of manual calculations and calculations in expert systems to diagnose malnutrition in toddlers using the Bayes theorem has an accuracy of 99%. In this study, there were 5 names of malnutrition in toddlers and 25 names of malnutrition in toddlers.