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The disability-adjusted life year (DALY) is a generic measure of health effect that can be used in cost-effectiveness analysis as an alternative to the quality-adjusted life year (QALY). Infectious diseases are one of the major to cause significant losses of DALY and QALY. Human infectious diseases are disorders that are triggered by the micro-organisms such as bacteria, fungi, viruses, or parasites. The majority of such diseases are contagious and create a public health menace. There are several reasons why infectious diseases are deadly diseases, and one of the primary reasons is the drug resistance developed over time. Drug resistance-associated mutations are linked to increasing drug efflux, modifications of the drugs, or their targets. Every year, new drugs are being approved by FDA to treat infectious diseases. Nonetheless, the infectious diseases will undoubtedly persist as permanent and main threats to humanity for now and in the future.A total of four books are covered under the series of Infectious drug diseases.- Malarial drug delivery systems- Tubercular drug delivery systems- Viral drug delivery systems- Infectious disease drug delivery systemsInfectious diseases are the world's greatest killers that present one of the most significant health and security challenges. Humans have lived with emerging and re-emerging pathogens since before the documented history of civilization. The only determining fact today is - If the situation is “worse” or “better” than in past. The answer is probably “worse”, may be due significant increase in human population, increased cross-continent mobility, imbalanced (stressed) life style, irregular food habits leading to compromised innate immunity and over or under practiced hygiene routine. When the incidence of such a disease in people increases over 20 years or threatens to increase, it is called an “emerging” disease, and a growing number have made watch lists andheadlines in nearly every country -like highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Ebola virus, food- and waterborne illnesses, and a range of antimicrobial-resistant bacterial diseases TB. This book addresses current and new therapy developments in treating such infectious diseases, updates on finding new drugs, identification of innovative diagnostic methods, understanding of disease research models and clinical trials performances of new treatment modalities.Audiences from a broad range of groups, from researchers, academicians, and public health bodies to regulatory experts, can benefit from the compiled information to learn more about patient needs and current research advances in the field of infectious diseases and related research.

​This book presents drug repurposing strategies to combat infectious diseases and cancer. It discusses key experimental and in silico approaches for modern drug repositioning, including signature matching, molecular docking, genome-wide associated studies, and network-based approaches aided by artificial intelligence. Further, the book presents various computational and experimental strategies for better understanding disease mechanisms and identify repurposed drug candidates for personalized pharmacotherapy. It also explores the databases for drug repositioning, summarizes the approaches taken for drug repositioning, and highlights and compares their characteristics and challenges. Towards the end, the book discusses challenges and limitations encountered in computational drug repositioning.

The book targets new advances in areas of treatment and drug delivery sciences for tuberculosis. It covers advances in drug therapy and drug targeting that focus on innovative trend defining technologies and drug delivery platforms in the understanding of host-pathogens relationship for providing better therapy. A wide variety of novel and nano-formulations using promising technologies are being explored to deliver the drug via different administration routes. This book It addresses the gap between new approaches and old treatment modalities and how they are superior in pharmacological performance when tested in in-vitro and in-vivo. Audience from wide range group like from researchers to regulatory bodies can benefit from the compiled information to find out patient needs and current research advances in the field of tuberculosis research..

• The book gives an insight for various antibiotic infection causing agents and methods to eradicate. • The new edition of the book provides the plethora of information for antimicrobial activities with new drugs and their mode of action on the site of organs. • Contains 11 chapters with various tables, images, abbreviation, and detail information of the subject for readers to comprehend easily. • Special chapters on Differential Diagnosis, Pearls and Pitfalls, and Antimicrobial Drug Summaries. • Includes color atlas of CSF, Sputum, and Urine Grams Stains and Fungal Stains in the center of the book. • Additional Clinical Consideration provided in boxes. • Contains extensive appendix. • Includes free access to the app on Google Play and App Store.

Antimicrobial agents are essential for the treatment of life-threatening infections and for managing the burden of minor infections in the community. In addition, they play a key role in organ and bone marrow transplantation, cancer chemotherapy, artificial joint and heart valve surgery. Unlike other classes of medicines, they are vulnerable to resistance from mutations in target microorganisms, and their adverse effects may extend to other patients (increased risk of cross-infection). As a consequence, there is a constant requirement for new agents, as well as practices that ensure the continued effective prescribing of licensed agents. The fully revised and updated seventh edition of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy is an essential guide to the principles of antimicrobial chemotherapy, the problem of resistance and its control through policies, antimicrobial stewardship and surveillance. The book provides an aid to informed, rational prescribing for common bacterial, fungal, parasitic and viral infections. Divided in five parts, the book cover issues specific to both the developed and developing world. Part 1'General property of antimicrobial agents'discusses mechanisms of action and resistance to antibacterial, antifungal antiprotozoal, antiviral, and antiviral agents. Part 2'Resistance to antimicrobial agents'provides guidance about the problem of resistance, mechanisms of acquired resistance and genetics of resistance. Part 3'General principles of usage of antimicrobial agents'analyses the use of the laboratory, general principles of the treatment of infection, dosing in special groups (extremes of age, pregnancy, obesity), safe prescribing, prophylaxis and the role of policies in antimicrobial stewardship. Part 4'Therapeutic use of antimicrobial agents'provides advice about the treatment of common infections which are described by anatomical. There are also chapters on the management of mycobacterial disease, viral infections, HIV/AIDS and parasitic infections. The final part of the book analyses the development and marketing of antimicrobial drugs. This seventh edition of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy continues to be a valuable resource for undergraduates and graduates requiring a thorough grounding in the scientific basis and clinical application of these drugs.

Infectious Diseases of Japan is one in a series of GIDEON ebooks which summarize the status of individual infectious diseases, in every country of the world. Data are based on the GIDEON web application (www.gideononline.com) which relies on standard text books, peer-review journals, Health Ministry reports and ProMED, supplemented by an ongoing search of the medical literature. Chapters are arranged alphabetically, by disease name. Each chapter is divided into four sections: 1. Descriptive epidemiology 2. Summary of clinical features 3. Status of the disease in Japan 4. References There are 351 generic infectious diseases in the world today. 222 of these are endemic, or potentially endemic, to Japan. A number of other diseases are not relevant to Japan and have not been included in this book. In addition to endemic diseases, all published data regarding imported diseases and infection among expatriates from Japan are included.

Infectious Diseases of Cambodia is one in a series of GIDEON ebooks which summarize the status of individual infectious diseases, in every country of the world. Data are based on the GIDEON web application (www.gideononline.com) which relies on standard text books, peer-review journals, Health Ministry reports and ProMED, supplemented by an ongoing search of the medical literature. Chapters are arranged alphabetically, by disease name. Each chapter is divided into four sections: 1. Descriptive epidemiology 2. Summary of clinical features 3. Status of the disease in Cambodia 4. References There are 351 generic infectious diseases in the world today. 215 of these are endemic, or potentially endemic, to Cambodia. A number of other diseases are not relevant to Cambodia and have not been included in this book. In addition to endemic diseases, all published data regarding imported diseases and infection among expatriates from Cambodia are included.

Infectious Diseases of Bulgaria is one in a series of GIDEON ebooks which summarize the status of individual infectious diseases, in every country of the world. Data are based on the GIDEON web application (www.gideononline.com) which relies on standard text books, peer-review journals, Health Ministry reports and ProMED, supplemented by an ongoing search of the medical literature. Chapters are arranged alphabetically, by disease name. Each chapter is divided into four sections: 1. Descriptive epidemiology 2. Summary of clinical features 3. Status of the disease in Bulgaria 4. References There are 351 generic infectious diseases in the world today. 206 of these are endemic, or potentially endemic, to Bulgaria. A number of other diseases are not relevant to Bulgaria and have not been included in this book. In addition to endemic diseases, all published data regarding imported diseases and infection among expatriates from Bulgaria are included.

Recent evidence suggests an increasing rate of antimicrobial resistant pathogens throughout the world. Pathogens like Staphylococcus aureus are showing substantial prevalence of resistance to antibiotics. Thus, we think that given these developments, clinicians would welcome an updated version of this book. A resource indicating appropriate, evidence-based antimicrobial treatment of infectious diseases encountered in both the hospital and outpatient settings would be of significant value to practicing clinicians. The book would focus on the clinical importance of appropriate diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases particularly in terms of antibiotic-resistance. The resource would be valuable to countless numbers of junior-level practitioners (residents, nurse practitioners, physician-assistants). Moreover, the book could be a resource for generalists as well as infectious disease specialists.

Written by leading authorities, this reference provides quick access to essential information on specific antibiotics, major clinical infections, selected pathogens, and infections in long-term elderly-care facilities. It summarizes an array of topics related to infectious diseases in older adults, including epidemiology, clinical manifestations, altered host resistance, and pharmacology. The authors detail the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of major infections in the elderly, present up-to-date research on common pathogens that cause infections, and discuss modern procedures to avoid the spread of diseases such as influenza, pneumonia, herpes zoster, and hepatitis.

Arch Mainous III, PhD, Claire Pomeroy, MD, and a panel of experienced physicians offer an eminently practical summary of the most effective evidence-based antimicrobial treatments encountered in both hospital and outpatient settings. Focusing on the clinical impact of appropriate diagnosis and treatment, the book emphasizes those newer aspects of infectious disease management necessitated by the growing problem of antibiotic resistance. It also discusses the major pathogens involved so that practicing clinicians will not only diagnose, but also better treat the infections and complications they cause. Multidisciplinary and highly practical, Management of Antimicrobials in Infectious Diseases: Impact of Antibiotic Resistance offers busy clinicians and nurse practitioners a comprehensive and informed guide to navigating the difficult treatment decisions created by the rising tide of antibiotic resistance today.

As our consciousness of microbes increases, it appears that our desire to control our interactions with germs also increases in proportion. This is clearly demonstrated by examining the incredible growth in the number and sales volume of consumer products with antimicrobial claims. In the medical field as well, there is much interest in the use of

The is the third edition of a text that surveys the drugs used to treat bacterial, fungal, prarsitic, and viral infections. This book contains comprehensive presentations of the mechanisms for both the antimicrobial actions and for the adverse clinical effects of these drugs. Complete discussions of the pharmacology are highlighted by numerous charts and tables summarizing each drug's pharmacokinetic properties and microbial susceptibility. With 3500 reference citations, The Anitmicrobial Drugs provides a complete entry into the literature, making it an invaluable resource for infectious disease specialists, clinical pharmacists, clinical microbiologists, medical students, pharmacy students, and graduate students in pharmacology and microbiology.