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3. Performance Prediction of InP/GaAsSb Double Heterojunction Bipolar Transistors for THz applications

Author

Wen, Xin, Arabhavi, Akshay, Quan, Wei, Ostinelli, Olivier, Mukherjee, Chhandak, Deng, Marina, Frégonèse, Sébastien, Zimmer, Thomas, Maneux, Cristell, Bolognesi, Colombo R., and Luisier, Mathieu

Subjects
Physics - Applied Physics, Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

The intrinsic performance of "type-II" InP/GaAsSb double heterojunction bipolar transistors (DHBTs) towards and beyond THz is predicted and analyzed based on a multi-scale technology computer aided design (TCAD) modeling platform calibrated against experimental measurements. Two-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations are combined with 1-D full-band, atomistic quantum transport calculations to shed light on future DHBT generations whose dimensions are decreased step-by-step, starting from the current device configuration. Simulations predict that a peak transit frequency $f_{T,peak}$ of around 1.6 THz could be reached in aggressively scaled type-II DHBTs with a total thickness of 256 nm and an emitter width $W_E$ of 37.5 nm. The corresponding breakdown voltage $BV_{CEO}$ is estimated to be 2.2 V. The investigations are put in perspective with two DHBT performance limiting factors, self-heating and breakdown characteristics., Comment: 10 pages, 11 figures

Published
2021
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5. Non Conservative Products in Fluid Dynamics

Author

Colombo, R. M., Guerra, G., and Holle, Y.

Subjects
Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs, Mathematical Physics, 35L65, 76N10
Abstract

Fluid flow in pipes with discontinuous cross section or with kinks is described through balance laws with a non conservative product in the source. At jump discontinuities in the pipes' geometry, the physics of the problem suggests how to single out a solution. On this basis, we present a definition of solution for a general BV geometry and prove an existence result, consistent with a limiting procedure from piecewise constant geometries. In the case of a smoothly curved pipe we thus justify the appearance of the curvature in the source term of the linear momentum equation. These results are obtained as consequences of a general existence result devoted to abstract balance laws with non conservative source terms.

Published
2021

11. Evaluation of PRISMA Products Over Snow in the Alps and Antarctica

Author

Di Mauro, B, Cogliati, S, Bohn, N, Traversa, G, Garzonio, R, Tagliabue, G, Bramati, G, Cremonese, E, Julitta, T, Guanter, L, Kokhanovsky, A, Giardino, C, Panigada, C, Rossini, M, Colombo, R, Di Mauro, B., Cogliati, S., Bohn, N., Traversa, G., Garzonio, R., Tagliabue, G., Bramati, G., Cremonese, E., Julitta, T., Guanter, L., Kokhanovsky, A., Giardino, C., Panigada, C., Rossini, M., Colombo, R., Di Mauro, B, Cogliati, S, Bohn, N, Traversa, G, Garzonio, R, Tagliabue, G, Bramati, G, Cremonese, E, Julitta, T, Guanter, L, Kokhanovsky, A, Giardino, C, Panigada, C, Rossini, M, Colombo, R, Di Mauro, B., Cogliati, S., Bohn, N., Traversa, G., Garzonio, R., Tagliabue, G., Bramati, G., Cremonese, E., Julitta, T., Guanter, L., Kokhanovsky, A., Giardino, C., Panigada, C., Rossini, M., and Colombo, R.

Abstract

PRISMA is a hyperspectral satellite mission launched by the Italian Space Agency (ASI) in April 2019. The mission is designed to collect data at global scale for a variety of applications, including those related to the cryosphere. This study presents an evaluation of PRISMA Level 1 (L1) and Level 2 (L2D) products for different snow conditions. To the aim, PRISMA data were collected at three sites: two in the Western European Alps (Torgnon and Plateau Rosa) and one in East Antarctica (Nansen Ice Shelf). PRISMA data were acquired contemporary to both field measurements and Sentinel-2 data. Simulated Top of the Atmosphere (TOA) radiance data were then compared to L1 PRISMA and Sentinel-2 TOA radiance. Bottom Of Atmosphere (BOA) reflectance from PRISMA L2D and Sentinel-2 L2A data were then evaluated by direct comparison with field data. Both TOA radiance and BOA reflectance PRISMA products were generally in good agreement with field data, showing a Mean Absolute Difference (MAD) lower than 5%. L1 PRISMA TOA radiance products resulted in higher MAD for the site of Torgnon, which features the highest topographic complexity within the investigated areas. In Plateau Rosa we obtained the best comparison between PRISMA L2D reflectance data and in situ measurements, with MAD values lower than 5% for the 400–900 nm range. The Nansen Ice Shelf instead resulted in MAD values <10% between PRISMA L2D and field data, while Sentinel-2 BOA reflectance showed higher values than other data sources.

Published
2024

12. Towards a standardized, ground-based network of hyperspectral measurements: Combining time series from autonomous field spectrometers with Sentinel-2

Author

Naethe, P, De Sanctis, A, Burkart, A, Campbell, P, Colombo, R, Di Mauro, B, Damm, A, El-Madany, T, Fava, F, Gamon, J, Huemmrich, K, Migliavacca, M, Paul-Limoges, E, Rascher, U, Rossini, M, Schüttemeyer, D, Tagliabue, G, Zhang, Y, Julitta, T, Naethe P., De Sanctis A., Burkart A., Campbell P. K. E., Colombo R., Di Mauro B., Damm A., El-Madany T., Fava F., Gamon J. A., Huemmrich K. F., Migliavacca M., Paul-Limoges E., Rascher U., Rossini M., Schüttemeyer D., Tagliabue G., Zhang Y., Julitta T., Naethe, P, De Sanctis, A, Burkart, A, Campbell, P, Colombo, R, Di Mauro, B, Damm, A, El-Madany, T, Fava, F, Gamon, J, Huemmrich, K, Migliavacca, M, Paul-Limoges, E, Rascher, U, Rossini, M, Schüttemeyer, D, Tagliabue, G, Zhang, Y, Julitta, T, Naethe P., De Sanctis A., Burkart A., Campbell P. K. E., Colombo R., Di Mauro B., Damm A., El-Madany T., Fava F., Gamon J. A., Huemmrich K. F., Migliavacca M., Paul-Limoges E., Rascher U., Rossini M., Schüttemeyer D., Tagliabue G., Zhang Y., and Julitta T.

Abstract

Sentinel-2 satellite data enables multispectral monitoring of the earth at a high temporal revisit rate. Combining this information with a network of optical ground measurements enables a more detailed and a more complete understanding of terrestrial ecosystems. However, independent optical ground measurements often lack consistency, especially when comparing different sites in geographically remote locations. Using the very high temporal and spectral resolution offered by the automated field spectrometer systems FloX and RoX (Fluorescence Box and Reflectance Box, respectively, JB-Hyperspectral Devices GmbH, Duesseldorf, Germany), we investigated continuous time series ranging over three years and in ten different locations across Europe, Africa, America and Asia. The continuous records of ground-measured reflectance were first validated against Sentinel-2 top of canopy (TOC) reflectance to evaluate the consistency of the in-situ network. Our results suggest a good agreement of ground-measured reflectance with Sentinel-2 TOC reflectance in vegetation and snow with R2 around 0.79 in the 833 nm band and R2 up to 0.94 in the bands around 559 nm and 492 nm, demonstrating good consistency across the network. Spatial misalignment of Sentinel-2 pixel-sizes with respect to the different footprint sizes of the ten automated spectrometers on the ground, atmospheric uncertainties, sub-optimal instrument setup and spatial-temporal variable landscape heterogeneity were identified as the most relevant sources of uncertainties in the network. Comparing the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Transformed Chlorophyll Absorption in Reflectance Index (TCARI) and Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) between ground and satellite revealed a decreasing agreement with increasing complexity of index formulation. The best agreement between satellite and ground was exhibited by NDVI with R2 around 0.96 and relative error of 4.3% investigating vegetation and snow across all ten sites. Fu

Published
2024

13. Balance Laws with Singular Source Term and Applications to Fluid Dynamics

Author

Parés, C, Castro, MJ, Morales de Luna, T, Muñoz-Ruiz, ML, Colombo, R, Guerra, G, Holle, Y, Colombo, R. M., Guerra, G., Holle, Y., Parés, C, Castro, MJ, Morales de Luna, T, Muñoz-Ruiz, ML, Colombo, R, Guerra, G, Holle, Y, Colombo, R. M., Guerra, G., and Holle, Y.

Abstract

Consider a balance law where the flux may depend explicitly on the space variable. At jump discontinuities, modeling considerations may impose the defect in the conservation of some quantities, thus leading to non conservative products. Below, we deduce the evolution in the smooth case from the jump conditions at discontinuities. Moreover, the resulting framework enjoys well posedness and solutions are uniquely characterized. These results apply, for instance, to the flow of water in a canal with varying width and depth, as well as to the inviscid Euler equations in pipes with varying geometry.

Published
2024

18. Light-Absorbing Particles in Snow and Ice: A Brief Journey Across Latitudes

Author

Di Mauro, B., Garzonio, R., Baccolo, G., Gilardoni, S., Rossini, M., Colombo, R., Kokhanovsky, Alexander, Series Editor, Henning, Thomas, Editorial Board Member, Kattawar, George, Editorial Board Member, Perelman, Lev, Editorial Board Member, Stamnes, Knut, Editorial Board Member, Stephens, Graeme, Editorial Board Member, van Tiggelen, Bart, Editorial Board Member, and Tomasi, Claudio, Editorial Board Member

Published
2021
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19. High Power InP/Ga(In)AsSb DHBTs for Millimeter-Wave PAs: 14.5 dBm Output Power and 10.4 mw/μm2 Power Density at 94 GHz

Author

Sara Hamzeloui, Akshay M. Arabhavi, Filippo Ciabattini, Ralf Fluckiger, Diego Marti, Mojtaba Ebrahimi, Olivier Ostinelli, and Colombo R. Bolognesi

Subjects
InP/Ga(In)AsSb, double heterojunction bipolar transistors (DHBTs), common-emitter (CE), common-base (CB), load-pull measurements, maximum output power, Telecommunication, TK5101-6720, Electric apparatus and materials. Electric circuits. Electric networks, TK452-454.4
Abstract

We report the 94 GHz large-signal load-pull performance of (0.3 × 9) μm2 InP/Ga(In)AsSb double heterojunction bipolar transistors (DHBTs) in the common-emitter (CE) and common-base (CB) configurations. Both configurations were implemented side-by-side on either 20-nm-thick graded GaAsSb- or GaInAsSb-base layers. A measured record saturated output power POUT,SAT = 14.5 dBm with a corresponding power density 10.4 mW/μm2 were achieved in the GaInAsSb-base CB configuration. The performance follows from i) the higher power gain in the CB topology and, ii) the superior BVCEO and BVCBO breakdown voltages obtained with the quaternary base which allow degradation-free operation at higher voltages. Load-pull contours show a combination of high output power and power gain in the proximity of 50 Ω for a wide range of load impedances. In contrast, CB InP/GaAsSb DHBTs deliver POUT,SAT = 10.6 dBm and 4.3 mW/μm2. For all devices considered here, CB operation improves transistor robustness against high-power device degradation. The present work provides the first report on the power performance of quaternary InP/GaInAsSb DHBTs in CE/CB topologies, with comparison to ternary InP/GaAsSb DHBTs.

Published
2022
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20. Defining intermediate-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer: A comparative study of EAU and IBCG criteria

Author

Scilipoti, P., primary, Avesani, G., additional, Longoni, M., additional, De Angelis, M., additional, Re, C., additional, Bertini, A., additional, Quarta, L., additional, Burgio, G., additional, Basile, G., additional, Rosiello, G., additional, Pellegrino, F., additional, Necchi, A., additional, Raggi, D., additional, Lucianò, R., additional, Gandaglia, G., additional, Capitanio, U., additional, Colombo, R., additional, Salonia, A., additional, Montorsi, F., additional, Briganti, A., additional, and Moschini, M., additional

Published
2024
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21. Cancer control rates in adequate versus inadequate treatment with adjuvant immunotherapy instillations with BCG

Author

De Angelis, M., primary, Basile, G., additional, Scilipoti, P., additional, Longoni, M., additional, Re, C., additional, Avesani, G., additional, Leni, R., additional, Robesti, D., additional, Quarta, L., additional, Bertini, A., additional, Burgio, G., additional, Rosiello, G., additional, Necchi, A., additional, Raggi, D., additional, Lucianò, R., additional, Gandaglia, G., additional, Colombo, R., additional, Capitanio, U., additional, Salonia, A., additional, Montorsi, F., additional, Briganti, A., additional, and Moschini, M., additional

Published
2024
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22. Impact of neoadjuvant chemo-immunotherapy on intra and post operative outcomes in patients with bladder cancer treated with radical cystectomy and pelvic lymph node dissection: Prospective surgical assessment from the NURE-Combo Trial

Author

Re, C., primary, Pellegrino, F., additional, Longoni, M., additional, Scilipoti, P., additional, De Angelis, M., additional, Avesani, G., additional, Mercinelli, C., additional, Cigliola, A., additional, Patanè, D., additional, Raggi, D., additional, Lucianò, R., additional, Colombo, R., additional, Gandaglia, G., additional, Briganti, A., additional, Montorsi, F., additional, Necchi, A., additional, and Moschini, M., additional

Published
2024
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23. First results of NURE-Combo: A phase 2 study of neoadjuvant Nivolumab (NIVO) and Nab-Paclitaxel (ABX) followed by postsurgical adjuvant NIVO in patients (pts) with Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer (MIBC)

Author

Mercinelli, C., primary, Basile, G., additional, Raggi, D., additional, Cigliola, A., additional, Tateo, V., additional, Patanè, D.A., additional, Crupi, E., additional, Costa De Padua, T., additional, Colecchia, M., additional, Colombo, R., additional, Moschini, M., additional, Re, C., additional, Avesani, G., additional, Brembilla, G., additional, De Cobelli, F., additional, Briganti, A., additional, Pavlick, D.C., additional, Ross, J.S., additional, Montorsi, F., additional, and Necchi, A., additional

Published
2024
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25. Constraint-based modeling and simulation of cell populations

Author

Di Filippo, M., Damiani, C., Colombo, R., Pescini, D., and Mauri, G.

Subjects
Quantitative Biology - Quantitative Methods, Quantitative Biology - Tissues and Organs
Abstract

The intratumor heterogeneity has been recognized to characterize cancer cells impairing the efficacy of cancer treatments. We here propose an extension of constraint-based modeling approach in order to simulate metabolism of cell populations with the aim to provide a more complete characterization of these systems, especially focusing on the relationships among their components. We tested our methodology by using a toy-model and taking into account the main metabolic pathways involved in cancer metabolic rewiring. This toy-model is used as individual to construct a population model characterized by multiple interacting individuals, all having the same topology and stoichiometry, and sharing the same nutrients supply. We observed that, in our population, cancer cells cooperate with each other to reach a common objective, but without necessarily having the same metabolic traits. We also noticed that the heterogeneity emerging from the population model is due to the mismatch between the objective of the individual members and the objective of the entire population.

Published
2016

26. Risk factors for residual disease at re-TUR in a large cohort of T1G3 patients

Author

Pisano, F., Gontero, P., Sylvester, R., Joniau, S., Serretta, V., Larré, S., Di Stasi, S., van Rhijn, B., Witjes, A., Grotenhuis, A., Colombo, R., Briganti, A., Babjuk, M., Soukup, V., Malmstrom, P.U., Irani, J., Malats, N., Baniel, J., Mano, R., Cai, T., Cha, E., Ardelt, P., Varkarakis, J., Bartoletti, R., Dalbagni, G., Shariat, S.F., Xylinas, E., Karnes, R.J., and Palou, J.

Published
2021
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28. Sun-induced fluorescence spectrum as a tool for assessing peatland vegetation productivity in the framework of warming and reduced precipitation experiment

Author

Antala, M, Rastogi, A, Cogliati, S, Stróżecki, M, Colombo, R, Juszczak, R, Antala, Michal, Rastogi, Anshu, Cogliati, Sergio, Stróżecki, Marcin, Colombo, Roberto, Juszczak, Radosław, Antala, M, Rastogi, A, Cogliati, S, Stróżecki, M, Colombo, R, Juszczak, R, Antala, Michal, Rastogi, Anshu, Cogliati, Sergio, Stróżecki, Marcin, Colombo, Roberto, and Juszczak, Radosław

Abstract

Northern peatlands store a large amount of carbon in the form of partially decomposed organic matter. Because the majority of northern peatlands are located in remote areas, remote sensing serves as a suitable alternative to traditional surveys, enabling to enhance our understanding of peatland vegetation. Among various optical remote sensing signals, sun-induced fluorescence (SIF) is the most directly connected to carbon assimilation by plants, making it a promising early-response indicator for assessing the impact of climate change on natural ecosystems. However, the behavior of SIF throughout the season and the strength of the relationship between SIF and carbon assimilation for peatland vegetation, which consists of peat mosses and vascular plants with diverse anatomy, morphology, physiology, and phenology, have not yet been studied. Therefore, we conducted the first comprehensive assessment of the full spectrum SIF, reflectance, and gross primary production (GPP) for two distinct peatland vegetation communities under control (C), warming (W), and warming with reduced precipitation (WP) conditions throughout an entire season. While we could detect clear differences in SIF and reflectance between the two vegetation communities for original, C, vegetation during the main growing season, these differences diminished when W and WP were applied. The W and WP conditions caused a more pronounced change in plant biomass for vegetation characterized by a higher proportion of peat mosses and low creeping shrubs, which resulted in significant changes in the SIF and reflectance spectrum. Our findings demonstrate that the domination of peatland by vascular plants that is expected due to future warmer conditions causes stronger seasonal variation of SIF, reflectance, and GPP. We observed that far-red SIF and the spectrally integrated full SIF spectrum strongly correlate (r2 > 0.85) with GPP regardless of vegetation community, temperature, and precipitation regime. However

Published
2024

29. Combined effect of algae and dust on snow spectral and broadband albedo

Author

Di Mauro, B, Garzonio, R, Ravasio, C, Orlandi, V, Baccolo, G, Gilardoni, S, Remias, D, Leoni, B, Rossini, M, Colombo, R, Di Mauro, B, Garzonio, R, Ravasio, C, Orlandi, V, Baccolo, G, Gilardoni, S, Remias, D, Leoni, B, Rossini, M, and Colombo, R

Abstract

The optical properties of snow can be strongly modified by the presence of a variety of impurities including mineral dust and snow algae. We made use of measured concentration of snow algae and mineral dust to parameterize the BioSNICAR radiative transfer model. Surficial snow samples were gathered during a field campaign on 7th July 2020 at the Presena glacier (Rhaetian Alps). We collected 18 samples of surface snow containing different amount of snow algae and mineral dust. Through radiative transfer simulations we estimated an average broadband albedo reduction of 7.4 +/- 6.1 % and 35.3 +/- 7.4 % compared to clean snow, caused by snow algae and mineral dust presence, respectively. When we considered the combined effect of snow algae and dust, we estimated a broadband albedo reduction equal to 40.8 +/- 8.4 %. We estimated an average instantaneous radiative forcing induced by snow algae, mineral dust and both impurities equals to 42.3 (+/- 36.1) W/m(2), 203.7 (+/- 45.5) W/m(2), and 211.8 (+/- 45.9) W/m(2), respectively.Using BioSNICAR simulations, we also tested a series of narrowband spectral indices to determine the concentration of mineral dust and snow algae from multi- and hyper -spectral data. Results showed that most spectral indices used for snow algae mapping are correlated also with mineral dust concentration. We found that only an index correlates uniquely with snow algae: the scaled band integral at 680 nm. A new spectral index, namely the Green Blue Normalized Index, is therefore proposed to discriminate mineral dust from snow algae when both impurities are present. The high spectral resolution of current (e.g. PRISMA, EnMAP) and future (e.g. CHIME, SBG) hyperspectral satellite missions will be fundamental to decouple the effect of mineral dust and snow algae on the optical properties of snow. In fact, from those data it is possible to calculate all narrowband indices presented in this study.

Published
2024

31. Evaluation of PRISMA Products Over Snow in the Alps and Antarctica.

Author

Di Mauro, B., Cogliati, S., Bohn, N., Traversa, G., Garzonio, R., Tagliabue, G., Bramati, G., Cremonese, E., Julitta, T., Guanter, L., Kokhanovsky, A., Giardino, C., Panigada, C., Rossini, M., and Colombo, R.

Subjects
SPECTRAL imaging, ICE shelves, REMOTE-sensing images, SURFACE of the earth, REMOTE sensing
Abstract

PRISMA is a hyperspectral satellite mission launched by the Italian Space Agency (ASI) in April 2019. The mission is designed to collect data at global scale for a variety of applications, including those related to the cryosphere. This study presents an evaluation of PRISMA Level 1 (L1) and Level 2 (L2D) products for different snow conditions. To the aim, PRISMA data were collected at three sites: two in the Western European Alps (Torgnon and Plateau Rosa) and one in East Antarctica (Nansen Ice Shelf). PRISMA data were acquired contemporary to both field measurements and Sentinel‐2 data. Simulated Top of the Atmosphere (TOA) radiance data were then compared to L1 PRISMA and Sentinel‐2 TOA radiance. Bottom Of Atmosphere (BOA) reflectance from PRISMA L2D and Sentinel‐2 L2A data were then evaluated by direct comparison with field data. Both TOA radiance and BOA reflectance PRISMA products were generally in good agreement with field data, showing a Mean Absolute Difference (MAD) lower than 5%. L1 PRISMA TOA radiance products resulted in higher MAD for the site of Torgnon, which features the highest topographic complexity within the investigated areas. In Plateau Rosa we obtained the best comparison between PRISMA L2D reflectance data and in situ measurements, with MAD values lower than 5% for the 400–900 nm range. The Nansen Ice Shelf instead resulted in MAD values <10% between PRISMA L2D and field data, while Sentinel‐2 BOA reflectance showed higher values than other data sources. Plain Language Summary: Satellite imaging spectroscopy data provide valuable information on Earth surface processes. In this study we evaluated data acquired from the PRISMA satellite mission in the Alps and Antarctica. Those studies are important to validate satellite observations with contemporary field measurements since they open the possibility of quantitatively use PRISMA data for cryosphere monitoring. Key Points: We present an evaluation of PRISMA Level 1 and Level 2 products for different snow conditionsContemporary to PRISMA acquisition, field spectroscopy data were collected on snow in the Alps and in AntarcticaBoth radiance and reflectance PRISMA products were generally in good agreement with field data [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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38. Detection of Fusarium Head Blight of Wheat from hyperspectral images

Author

Tuzzi, L, Busi, I, Garzonio, R, Cotrozzi, L, Risoli, S, Quaratiello, G, Colombo, R, Cogliati, S, Sironi, L, Tuzzi L., Busi I., Garzonio R., Cotrozzi L., Risoli S., Quaratiello G., Colombo R., Cogliati S., Sironi L., Tuzzi, L, Busi, I, Garzonio, R, Cotrozzi, L, Risoli, S, Quaratiello, G, Colombo, R, Cogliati, S, Sironi, L, Tuzzi L., Busi I., Garzonio R., Cotrozzi L., Risoli S., Quaratiello G., Colombo R., Cogliati S., and Sironi L.

Abstract

The increasing occurrence of stresses in agricultural crops due to pathogens causes a general decline in productivity, becoming a major risk factor for safety and food security. Fusarium Head Blight is a major plant disease characterized by specific pathogenic mechanisms and symptoms, such as spike bleaching, and it represents one of the major biotic threats affecting Mediterranean countries. Remote sensing and field scale optical techniques represent an appealing approach for improving crops monitoring and early detection of diseases. A small-scale controlled field experiment was organized to assess the response of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars to Fusarium infections. Hyperspectral images of wheat spikes were acquired in laboratory with a novel visible to near-infrared hyperspectral imaging system with the intent to develop methods capable to automatically identify Fusarium-induced symptoms. We tested the capability of the so-called phasor-based approach to highlight spikes areas affected by Fusarium infection. Outcomes show that infected spikes do not lie completely superimposed to the healthy points cloud in the phasor plane, suggesting that (i) infected grains are characterized by different spectral features, and (ii) Fusarium-related symptoms are not extended throughout the entire spike. This contribution shows the methodology developed and the results obtained from the analysis of hyperspectral images.

Published
2023

39. A deep scalable neural architecture for soil properties estimation from spectral information

Author

Piccoli, F, Rossini, M, Colombo, R, Schettini, R, Napoletano, P, Piccoli F., Rossini M., Colombo R., Schettini R., Napoletano P., Piccoli, F, Rossini, M, Colombo, R, Schettini, R, Napoletano, P, Piccoli F., Rossini M., Colombo R., Schettini R., and Napoletano P.

Abstract

In this paper we propose an adaptive deep neural architecture for the prediction of multiple soil characteristics from the analysis of hyperspectral signatures. The proposed method overcomes the limitations of previous methods in the state of art: (i) it allows to predict multiple soil variables at once; (ii) it is based on a flexible neural architecture capable of automatically adapting to the spectral library under analysis. As an additional feature, our method permits to backtrace the spectral bands that most contribute to the estimation of a given variable. The proposed architecture is experimented on LUCAS, a large laboratory dataset and on a dataset achieved by simulating PRISMA hyperspectral sensor. Results, compared with other state-of-the-art methods confirm the effectiveness of the proposed solution. In fact, the proposed method achieves an overall R2 of about 0.75. In detail, pHCaCl and CaCO3 are predicted with an R2 above 0.90, pHH, OC, N, clay, sand, CEC, silt are predicted with an R2 between 0.89 and 0.70, K and P with an R2 respectively of 0.54 and 0.37. The proposed method overcomes, in terms of R2, the state of the art of about 15% on the LUCAS dataset and of about 24% on the PRISMA simulated dataset.

Published
2023

40. Mapping Surface Features of an Alpine Glacier through Multispectral and Thermal Drone Surveys

Author

Rossini, M, Garzonio, R, Panigada, C, Tagliabue, G, Bramati, G, Vezzoli, G, Cogliati, S, Colombo, R, Di Mauro, B, Rossini M., Garzonio R., Panigada C., Tagliabue G., Bramati G., Vezzoli G., Cogliati S., Colombo R., Di Mauro B., Rossini, M, Garzonio, R, Panigada, C, Tagliabue, G, Bramati, G, Vezzoli, G, Cogliati, S, Colombo, R, Di Mauro, B, Rossini M., Garzonio R., Panigada C., Tagliabue G., Bramati G., Vezzoli G., Cogliati S., Colombo R., and Di Mauro B.

Abstract

Glacier surfaces are highly heterogeneous mixtures of ice, snow, light-absorbing impurities and debris material. The spatial and temporal variability of these components affects ice surface characteristics and strongly influences glacier energy and mass balance. Remote sensing offers a unique opportunity to characterize glacier optical and thermal properties, enabling a better understanding of different processes occurring at the glacial surface. In this study, we evaluate the potential of optical and thermal data collected from field and drone platforms to map the abundances of predominant glacier surfaces (i.e., snow, clean ice, melting ice, dark ice, cryoconite, dusty snow and debris cover) on the Zebrù glacier in the Italian Alps. The drone surveys were conducted on the ablation zone of the glacier on 29 and 30 July 2020, corresponding to the middle of the ablation season. We identified very high heterogeneity of surface types dominated by melting ice (30% of the investigated area), dark ice (24%), clean ice (19%) and debris cover (17%). The surface temperature of debris cover was inversely related to debris-cover thickness. This relation is influenced by the petrology of debris cover, suggesting the importance of lithology when considering the role of debris over glaciers. Multispectral and thermal drone surveys can thus provide accurate high-resolution maps of different snow and ice types and their temperature, which are critical elements to better understand the glacier’s energy budget and melt rates.

Published
2023

41. Well Posedness and Characterization of Solutions to Non Conservative Products in Non Homogeneous Fluid Dynamics Equations

Author

Colombo, R, Guerra, G, Holle, Y, Colombo R. M., Guerra G., Holle Y., Colombo, R, Guerra, G, Holle, Y, Colombo R. M., Guerra G., and Holle Y.

Abstract

Consider a balance law where the flux depends explicitly on the space variable. At jump discontinuities, modeling considerations may impose the defect in the conservation of some quantities, thus leading to non conservative products. Below, we deduce the evolution in the smooth case from the jump conditions at discontinuities. Moreover, the resulting framework enjoys well posedness and solutions are uniquely characterized. These results apply, for instance, to the flow of water in a canal with varying width and depth, as well as to the inviscid Euler equations in pipes with varying geometry.

Published
2023

42. On the coupling of well posed differential models

Author

Colombo, R, Garavello, M, Tandy, M, Colombo R. M., Garavello M., Tandy M., Colombo, R, Garavello, M, Tandy, M, Colombo R. M., Garavello M., and Tandy M.

Abstract

Consider the coupling of 2 evolution equations, each generating a global process. We prove that the resulting system generates a new global process. This statement can be applied to differential equations of various kinds. In particular, it also yields the well posedness of a predator–prey model, where the coupling is in the differential terms, and of an epidemiological model, which does not fit previous well posedness results.

Published
2023

43. General renewal equations motivated by biology and epidemiology

Author

Colombo, R, Garavello, M, Marcellini, F, Rossi, E, Colombo R. M., Garavello M., Marcellini F., Rossi E., Colombo, R, Garavello, M, Marcellini, F, Rossi, E, Colombo R. M., Garavello M., Marcellini F., and Rossi E.

Abstract

We present a unified framework ensuring well posedness and providing stability estimates to a class of Initial – Boundary Value Problems for renewal equations comprising a variety of biological or epidemiological models. This versatility is achieved considering fairly general – possibly non linear and/or non local – interaction terms, allowing both low regularity assumptions and independent variables with or without a boundary. In particular, these results also apply, for instance, to a model for the spreading of a Covid like pandemic or other epidemics. Further applications are shown to be covered by the present setting.

Published
2023

44. Infectious Disease Spreading Fought by Multiple Vaccines Having a Prescribed Time Effect

Author

Colombo, R, Garavello, M, Colombo R. M., Garavello M., Colombo, R, Garavello, M, Colombo R. M., and Garavello M.

Abstract

We propose a framework for the description of the effects of vaccinations on the spreading of an epidemic disease. Different vaccines can be dosed, each providing different immunization times and immunization levels. Differences due to individuals’ ages are accounted for through the introduction of either a continuous age structure or a discrete set of age classes. Extensions to gender differences or to distinguish fragile individuals can also be considered. Within this setting, vaccination strategies can be simulated, tested and compared, as is explicitly described through numerical integrations.

Published
2023

45. Weaning from mechanical ventilation in intensive care units across 50 countries (WEAN SAFE): a multicentre, prospective, observational cohort study

Author

Pham, T, Heunks, L, Bellani, G, Madotto, F, Aragao, I, Beduneau, G, Goligher, E, Grasselli, G, Laake, J, Mancebo, J, Penuelas, O, Piquilloud, L, Pesenti, A, Wunsch, H, van Haren, F, Brochard, L, Laffey, J, Abrough, F, Acharya, S, Amin, P, Arabi, Y, Bauer, P, Beitler, J, Berkius, J, Bugedo, G, Camporota, L, Cerny, V, Cho, Y, Clarkson, K, Estenssoro, E, Gritsan, A, Hashemian, S, Hermans, G, Jovanovic, B, Kurahashi, K, Matamis, D, Moerer, O, Molnar, Z, Ozyilmaz, E, Panka, B, Papali, A, Perbet, S, Qiu, H, Razek, A, Rittayamai, N, Roldan, R, Serpa Neto, A, Szuldrzynski, K, Talmor, D, Tomescu, D, Villagomez, A, Zeggwagh, A, Abe, T, Aboshady, A, Acampo-de Jong, M, Adderley, J, Adiguzel, N, Agrawal, V, Aguilar, G, Aguirre, G, Aguirre-Bermeo, H, Ahlstrom, B, Akbas, T, Akker, M, Al Sadeh, G, Alamri, S, Algaba, A, Ali, M, Aliberti, A, Allegue, J, Alvarez, D, Amador, J, Andersen, F, Ansari, S, Apichatbutr, Y, Apostolopoulou, O, Arellano, D, Arica, M, Arikan, H, Arinaga, K, Arnal, J, Asano, K, Asin-Corrochano, M, Avalos Cabrera, J, Avila Fuentes, S, Aydemir, S, Aygencel, G, Azevedo, L, Bacakoglu, F, Badie, J, Baedorf Kassis, E, Bai, G, Balaraj, G, Ballico, B, Banner-Goodspeed, V, Banwarie, P, Barbieri, R, Baronia, A, Barrett, J, Barrot, L, Barrueco-Francioni, J, Barry, J, Bawangade, H, Beavis, S, Beck, E, Beehre, N, Belenguer Muncharaz, A, Belliato, M, Bellissima, A, Beltramelli, R, Ben Souissi, A, Benitez-Cano, A, Benlamin, M, Benslama, A, Bento, L, Benvenuti, D, Bernabe, L, Bersten, A, Berta, G, Bertini, P, Bertram-Ralph, E, Besbes, M, Bettini, L, Beuret, P, Bewley, J, Bezzi, M, Bhakhtiani, L, Bhandary, R, Bhowmick, K, Bihari, S, Bissett, B, Blythe, D, Bocher, S, Boedjawan, N, Bojanowski, C, Boni, E, Boraso, S, Borelli, M, Borello, S, Borislavova, M, Bosma, K, Bottiroli, M, Boyd, O, Bozbay, S, Briva, A, Bruel, C, Bruni, A, Buehner, U, Bulpa, P, Burt, K, Buscot, M, Buttera, S, Cabrera, J, Caccese, R, Caironi, P, Canchos Gutierrez, I, Canedo, N, Cani, A, Cappellini, I, Carazo, J, Cardonnet, L, Carpio, D, Carriedo, D, Carrillo, R, Carvalho, J, Caser, E, Castelli, A, Castillo Quintero, M, Castro, H, Catorze, N, Cengiz, M, Cereijo, E, Ceunen, H, Chaintoutis, C, Chang, Y, Chaparro, G, Chapman, C, Chau, S, Chavez, C, Chelazzi, C, Chelly, J, Chemouni, F, Chen, K, Chena, A, Chiarandini, P, Chilton, P, Chiumello, D, Chou-Lie, Y, Chudeau, N, Cinel, I, Cinnella, G, Clark, M, Clark, T, Clementi, S, Coaguila, L, Codecido, A, Collins, A, Colombo, R, Conde, J, Consales, G, Cook, T, Coppadoro, A, Cornejo, R, Cortegiani, A, Coxo, C, Cracchiolo, A, Crespo Ramirez, M, Crova, P, Cruz, J, Cubattoli, L, Cukurova, Z, Curto, F, Czempik, P, D'Andrea, R, da Silva Ramos, F, Dangers, L, Danguy des Deserts, M, Danin, P, Dantas, F, Daubin, C, Dawei, W, de Haro, C, de Jesus Montelongo, F, De Mendoza, D, de Pablo, R, De Pascale, G, De Rosa, S, Decavele, M, Declercq, P, Deicas, A, del Carmen Campos Moreno, M, Dellamonica, J, Delmas, B, Demirkiran, O, Demirkiran, H, Dendane, T, di Mussi, R, Diakaki, C, Diaz, A, Diaz, W, Dikmen, Y, Dimoula, A, Doble, P, Doha, N, Domingos, G, Dres, M, Dries, D, Duggal, A, Duke, G, Dunts, P, Dybwik, K, Dykyy, M, Eckert, P, Efe, S, Elatrous, S, Elay, G, Elmaryul, A, Elsaadany, M, Elsayed, H, Elsayed, S, Emery, M, Ena, S, Eng, K, Englert, J, Erdogan, E, Ergin Ozcan, P, Eroglu, E, Escobar, M, Esen, F, Esen Tekeli, A, Esquivel, A, Esquivel Gallegos, H, Ezzouine, H, Facchini, A, Faheem, M, Fanelli, V, Farina, M, Fartoukh, M, Fehrle, L, Feng, F, Feng, Y, Fernandez, I, Fernandez, B, Fernandez-Rodriguez, M, Ferrando, C, Ferreira da Silva, M, Ferreruela, M, Ferrier, J, Flamm Zamorano, M, Flood, L, Floris, L, Fluckiger, M, Forteza, C, Fortunato, A, Frans, E, Frattari, A, Fredes, S, Frenzel, T, Fumagalli, R, Furche, M, Fusari, M, Fysh, E, Galeas-Lopez, J, Galerneau, L, Garcia, A, Garcia, M, Garcia, E, Garcia Olivares, P, Garlicki, J, Garnero, A, Garofalo, E, Gautam, P, Gazenkampf, A, Gelinotte, S, Gelormini, D, Ghrenassia, E, Giacomucci, A, Giannoni, R, Gigante, A, Glober, N, Gnesin, P, Gollo, Y, Gomaa, D, Gomero Paredes, R, Gomes, R, Gomez, R, Gomez, O, Gomez, A, Gondim, L, Gonzalez, M, Gonzalez, I, Gonzalez-Castro, A, Gordillo Romero, O, Gordo, F, Gouin, P, Graf Santos, J, Grainne, R, Grando, M, Granov Grabovica, S, Grasso, S, Grasso, R, Grimmer, L, Grissom, C, Gu, Q, Guan, X, Guarracino, F, Guasch, N, Guatteri, L, Gueret, R, Guerin, C, Guerot, E, Guitard, P, Gul, F, Gumus, A, Gurjar, M, Gutierrez, P, Hachimi, A, Hadzibegovic, A, Hagan, S, Hammel, C, Han Song, J, Hanlon, G, Heines, S, Henriksson, J, Herbrecht, J, Heredia Orbegoso, G, Hermon, A, Hernandez, R, Hernandez, C, Herrera, L, Herrera-Gutierrez, M, Hidalgo, J, Hill, D, Holmquist, D, Homez, M, Hongtao, X, Hormis, A, Horner, D, Hornos, M, Hou, M, House, S, Housni, B, Hugill, K, Humphreys, S, Humbert, L, Hunter, S, Hwa Young, L, Iezzi, N, Ilutovich, S, Inal, V, Innes, R, Ioannides, P, Iotti, G, Ippolito, M, Irie, H, Iriyama, H, Itagaki, T, Izura, J, Izza, S, Jabeen, R, Jamaati, H, Jamadarkhana, S, Jamoussi, A, Jankowski, M, Jaramillo, L, Jeon, K, Jeong Lee, S, Jeswani, D, Jha, S, Jiang, L, Jing, C, Jochmans, S, Johnstad, B, Jongmin, L, Joret, A, Junhasavasdikul, D, Jurado, M, Kam, E, Kamohara, H, Kane, C, Kara, I, Karakurt, S, Karnjanarachata, C, Kataoka, J, Katayama, S, Kaushik, S, Kelebek Girgin, N, Kerr, K, Kerslake, I, Khairnar, P, Khalid, A, Khan, A, Khanna, A, Khorasanee, R, Kienhorst, D, Kirakli, C, Knafelj, R, Kol, M, Kongpolprom, N, Kopitko, C, Korkmaz Ekren, P, Kubisz-Pudelko, A, Kulcsar, Z, Kumasawa, J, Kuriyama, A, Kutchak, F, Labarca, E, Labat, F, Laborda, C, Laca Barrera, M, Lagache, L, Landaverde Lopez, A, Lanspa, M, Lascari, V, Le Meur, M, Lee, S, Lee, Y, Lee, J, Lee, W, Legernaes, T, Leiner, T, Lemiale, V, Leonor, T, Lepper, P, Li, D, Li, H, Li, O, Lima, A, Lind, D, Litton, E, Liu, N, Liu, L, Liu, J, Llitjos, J, Llorente, B, Lopez, R, Lopez, C, Lopez Nava, C, Lovazzano, P, Lu, M, Lucchese, F, Lugano, M, Lugo Goytia, G, Luo, H, Lynch, C, Macheda, S, Madrigal Robles, V, Maggiore, S, Magret Iglesias, M, Malaga, P, Mallapura Maheswarappa, H, Malpartida, G, Malyarchikov, A, Mansson, H, Manzano, A, Marey, I, Marin, N, Marin, M, Markman, E, Martin, F, Martin, A, Martin Dal Gesso, C, Martinez, F, Martinez-Fidalgo, C, Martin-Loeches, I, Mas, A, Masaaki, S, Maseda, E, Massa, E, Mattsson, A, Maugeri, J, Mccredie, V, Mccullough, J, Mcguinness, S, Mckown, A, Medve, L, Mei, C, Mellado Artigas, R, Mendes, V, Mervat, M, Michaux, I, Mikhaeil, M, Milagros, O, Milet, I, Millan, M, Minwei, Z, Mirabella, L, Mishra, S, Mistraletti, G, Mochizuki, K, Moghal, A, Mojoli, F, Molin, A, Montiel, R, Montini, L, Monza, G, Mora Aznar, M, Morakul, S, Morales, M, Moreno Torres, D, Morocho Tutillo, D, Motherway, C, Mouhssine, D, Mouloudi, E, Munoz, T, Munoz de Cabo, C, Mustafa, M, Muthuchellappan, R, Muthukrishnan, M, Muttini, S, Nagata, I, Nahar, D, Nakanishi, M, Nakayama, I, Namendys-Silva, S, Nanchal, R, Nandakumar, S, Nasi, A, Nasir, K, Navalesi, P, Naz Aslam, T, Nga Phan, T, Nichol, A, Niiyama, S, Nikolakopoulou, S, Nikolic, E, Nitta, K, Noc, M, Nonas, S, Nseir, S, Nur Soyturk, A, Obata, Y, Oeckler, R, Oguchi, M, Ohshimo, S, Oikonomou, M, Ojados, A, Oliveira, M, Oliveira Filho, W, Oliveri, C, Olmos, A, Omura, K, Orlandi, M, Orsenigo, F, Ortiz-Ruiz De Gordoa, L, Ota, K, Ovalle Olmos, R, Oveges, N, Oziemski, P, Ozkan Kuscu, O, Pachas Alvarado, F, Pagella, G, Palaniswamy, V, Palazon Sanchez, E, Palmese, S, Pan, G, Pan, W, Papanikolaou, M, Papavasilopoulou, T, Parekh, A, Parke, R, Parrilla, F, Parrilla, D, Pasha, T, Pasin, L, Patao, L, Patel, M, Patel, G, Pati, B, Patil, J, Pattnaik, S, Paul, D, Pavesi, M, Pavlotsky, V, Paz, G, Paz, E, Pecci, E, Pellegrini, C, Pena Padilla, A, Perchiazzi, G, Pereira, T, Pereira, V, Perez, M, Perez Calvo, C, Perez Cheng, M, Perez Maita, R, Perez-Araos, R, Perez-Teran, P, Perez-Torres, D, Perkins, G, Persona, P, Petnak, T, Petrova, M, Philippart, F, Picetti, E, Pierucci, E, Piervincenzi, E, Pinciroli, R, Pintado, M, Piraino, T, Piras, S, Piras, C, Pirompanich, P, Pisani, L, Platas, E, Plotnikow, G, Porras, W, Porta, V, Portilla, M, Portugal, J, Povoa, P, Prat, G, Pratto, R, Preda, G, Prieto, I, Prol-Silva, E, Pugh, R, Qi, Y, Qian, C, Qin, T, Qu, H, Quintana, T, Quispe Sierra, R, Quispe Soto, R, Rabbani, R, Rabee, M, Rabie, A, Rahe Pereira, M, Rai, A, Raj Ashok, S, Rajab, M, Ramdhani, N, Ramey, E, Ranieri, M, Rathod, D, Ray, B, Redwanul Huq, S, Regli, A, Reina, R, Resano Sarmiento, N, Reynaud, F, Rialp, G, Ricart, P, Rice, T, Richardson, A, Rieder, M, Rinket, M, Rios, F, Risso Vazquez, A, Riva, I, Rivette, M, Roca, O, Roche-Campo, F, Rodriguez, C, Rodriguez, G, Rodriguez Gonzalez, D, Rodriguez Tucto, X, Rogers, A, Romano, M, Rortveit, L, Rose, A, Roux, D, Rouze, A, Rubatto Birri, P, Ruilan, W, Ruiz Robledo, A, Ruiz-Aguilar, A, Sadahiro, T, Saez, I, Sagardia, J, Saha, R, Saiphoklang, N, Saito, S, Salem, M, Sales, G, Salgado, P, Samavedam, S, Sami Mebazaa, M, Samuelsson, L, San Juan Roman, N, Sanchez, P, Sanchez-Ballesteros, J, Sandoval, Y, Sani, E, Santos, M, Santos, C, Sanui, M, Saravanabavan, L, Sari, S, Sarkany, A, Sauneuf, B, Savioli, M, Sazak, H, Scano, R, Schneider, F, Schortgen, F, Schultz, M, Schwarz, G, Seckin Yucesoy, F, Seely, A, Seiler, F, Seker Tekdos, Y, Seok Chan, K, Serano, L, Serednicki, W, Setten, M, Shah, A, Shah, B, Shang, Y, Shanmugasundaram, P, Shapovalov, K, Shebl, E, Shiga, T, Shime, N, Shin, P, Short, J, Shuhua, C, Siddiqui, S, Silesky Jimenez, J, Silva, D, Silva Sales, B, Simons, K, Sjobo, B, Slessor, D, Smiechowicz, J, Smischney, N, Smith, P, Smith, T, Smith, M, Snape, S, Snyman, L, Soetens, F, Sook Hong, K, Sosa Medellin, M, Soto, G, Souloy, X, Sousa, E, Sovatzis, S, Sozutek, D, Spadaro, S, Spagnoli, M, Spangfors, M, Spittle, N, Spivey, M, Stapleton, A, Stefanovic, B, Stephenson, L, Stevenson, E, Strand, K, Strano, M, Straus, S, Sun, C, Sun, R, Sundaram, V, Sunpark, T, Surlemont, E, Sutherasan, Y, Szabo, Z, Tainter, C, Takaba, A, Tallott, M, Tamasato, T, Tang, Z, Tangsujaritvijit, V, Taniguchi, L, Taniguchi, D, Tarantino, F, Teerapuncharoen, K, Temprano, S, Terragni, P, Terzi, N, Thakur, A, Theerawit, P, Thille, A, Thomas, M, Thungtitigul, P, Thyrault, M, Tilouch, N, Timenetsky, K, Tirapu, J, Todeschini, M, Tomas, R, Tomaszewski, C, Tonetti, T, Tonnelier, A, Trinder, J, Trongtrakul, K, Truwit, J, Tsuei, B, Tulaimat, A, Turan, S, Turkoglu, M, Tyagi, S, Ubeda, A, Vagginelli, F, Valenti, M, Vallverdu, I, Van Axel, A, van den Hul, I, van der Hoeven, H, Van Der Meer, N, Vanhoof, M, Vargas-Ordonez, M, Vaschetto, R, Vascotto, E, Vatsik, M, Vaz, A, Vazquez-Sanchez, A, Ventura, S, Vermeijden, J, Vidal, A, Vieira, J, Vilela Costa Pinto, B, Villagra, A, Villegas Succar, C, Vinorum, O, Vitale, G, Vj, R, Vochin, A, Voiriot, G, Volta, C, von Seth, M, Wajdi, M, Walsh, D, Wang, S, Wardi, G, Ween-Velken, N, Wei, B, Weller, D, Welsh, D, Welters, I, Wert, M, Whiteley, S, Wilby, E, Williams, E, Williams, K, Wilson, A, Wojtas, J, Won Huh, J, Wrathall, D, Wright, C, Wu, J, Xi, G, Xing, Z, Xu, H, Yamamoto, K, Yan, J, Yanez, J, Yang, X, Yates, E, Yazicioglu Mocin, O, Ye, Z, Yildirim, F, Yoshida, N, Yoshido, H, Young Lee, B, Yu, R, Yu, G, Yu, T, Yuan, B, Yuangtrakul, N, Yumoto, T, Yun, X, Zakalik, G, Zaki, A, Zalba-Etayo, B, Zambon, M, Zang, B, Zani, G, Zarka, J, Zerbi, S, Zerman, A, Zetterquist, H, Zhang, J, Zhang, H, Zhang, W, Zhang, G, Zhao, H, Zheng, J, Zhu, B, Zumaran, R, Pham T., Heunks L., Bellani G., Madotto F., Aragao I., Beduneau G., Goligher E. C., Grasselli G., Laake J. H., Mancebo J., Penuelas O., Piquilloud L., Pesenti A., Wunsch H., van Haren F., Brochard L., Laffey J. G., Abrough F., Acharya S. P., Amin P., Arabi Y., Bauer P., Beitler J., Berkius J., Bugedo G., Camporota L., Cerny V., Cho Y. -J., Clarkson K., Estenssoro E., Goligher E., Gritsan A., Hashemian S. M., Hermans G., Heunks L. M., Jovanovic B., Kurahashi K., Matamis D., Moerer O., Molnar Z., Ozyilmaz E., Panka B., Papali A., Perbet S., Qiu H., Razek A. A., Rittayamai N., Roldan R., Serpa Neto A., Szuldrzynski K., Talmor D., Tomescu D., Villagomez A., Zeggwagh A. A., Abe T., Aboshady A., Acampo-de Jong M., Acharya S., Adderley J., Adiguzel N., Agrawal V. K., Aguilar G., Aguirre G., Aguirre-Bermeo H., Ahlstrom B., Akbas T., Akker M., Al Sadeh G., Alamri S., Algaba A., Ali M., Aliberti A., Allegue J. M., Alvarez D., Amador J., Andersen F. H., Ansari S., Apichatbutr Y., Apostolopoulou O., Arellano D., Arica M., Arikan H., Arinaga K., Arnal J. -M., Asano K., Asin-Corrochano M., Avalos Cabrera J. M., Avila Fuentes S., Aydemir S., Aygencel G., Azevedo L., Bacakoglu F., Badie J., Baedorf Kassis E., Bai G., Balaraj G., Ballico B., Banner-Goodspeed V., Banwarie P., Barbieri R., Baronia A., Barrett J., Barrot L., Barrueco-Francioni J. E., Barry J., Bawangade H., Beavis S., Beck E., Beehre N., Belenguer Muncharaz A., Belliato M., Bellissima A., Beltramelli R., Ben Souissi A., Benitez-Cano A., Benlamin M., Benslama A., Bento L., Benvenuti D., Bernabe L., Bersten A., Berta G., Bertini P., Bertram-Ralph E., Besbes M., Bettini L. R., Beuret P., Bewley J., Bezzi M., Bhakhtiani L., Bhandary R., Bhowmick K., Bihari S., Bissett B., Blythe D., Bocher S., Boedjawan N., Bojanowski C. M., Boni E., Boraso S., Borelli M., Borello S., Borislavova M., Bosma K. J., Bottiroli M., Boyd O., Bozbay S., Briva A., Bruel C., Bruni A., Buehner U., Bulpa P., Burt K., Buscot M., Buttera S., Cabrera J., Caccese R., Caironi P., Canchos Gutierrez I., Canedo N., Cani A., Cappellini I., Carazo J., Cardonnet L. P., Carpio D., Carriedo D., Carrillo R., Carvalho J., Caser E., Castelli A., Castillo Quintero M., Castro H., Catorze N., Cengiz M., Cereijo E., Ceunen H., Chaintoutis C., Chang Y., Chaparro G., Chapman C., Chau S., Chavez C. E., Chelazzi C., Chelly J., Chemouni F., Chen K., Chena A., Chiarandini P., Chilton P., Chiumello D., Chou-Lie Y., Chudeau N., Cinel I., Cinnella G., Clark M., Clark T., Clementi S., Coaguila L., Codecido A. J., Collins A., Colombo R., Conde J., Consales G., Cook T., Coppadoro A., Cornejo R., Cortegiani A., Coxo C., Cracchiolo A. N., Crespo Ramirez M., Crova P., Cruz J., Cubattoli L., Cukurova Z., Curto F., Czempik P., D'Andrea R., da Silva Ramos F., Dangers L., Danguy des Deserts M., Danin P. -E., Dantas F., Daubin C., Dawei W., de Haro C., de Jesus Montelongo F., De Mendoza D., de Pablo R., De Pascale G., De Rosa S., Decavele M., Declercq P. -L., Deicas A., del Carmen Campos Moreno M., Dellamonica J., Delmas B., Demirkiran O., Demirkiran H., Dendane T., di Mussi R., Diakaki C., Diaz A., Diaz W., Dikmen Y., Dimoula A., Doble P., Doha N., Domingos G., Dres M., Dries D., Duggal A., Duke G., Dunts P., Dybwik K., Dykyy M., Eckert P., Efe S., Elatrous S., Elay G., Elmaryul A. S., Elsaadany M., Elsayed H., Elsayed S., Emery M., Ena S., Eng K., Englert J. A., Erdogan E., Ergin Ozcan P., Eroglu E., Escobar M., Esen F., Esen Tekeli A., Esquivel A., Esquivel Gallegos H., Ezzouine H., Facchini A., Faheem M., Fanelli V., Farina M. F., Fartoukh M., Fehrle L., Feng F., Feng Y., Fernandez I., Fernandez B., Fernandez-Rodriguez M. L., Ferrando C., Ferreira da Silva M. J., Ferreruela M., Ferrier J., Flamm Zamorano M. J., Flood L., Floris L., Fluckiger M., Forteza C., Fortunato A., Frans E., Frattari A., Fredes S., Frenzel T., Fumagalli R., Furche M. A., Fusari M., Fysh E., Galeas-Lopez J. L., Galerneau L. -M., Garcia A., Garcia M. F., Garcia E., Garcia Olivares P., Garlicki J., Garnero A., Garofalo E., Gautam P., Gazenkampf A., Gelinotte S., Gelormini D., Ghrenassia E., Giacomucci A., Giannoni R., Gigante A., Glober N., Gnesin P., Gollo Y., Gomaa D., Gomero Paredes R., Gomes R., Gomez R. A., Gomez O., Gomez A., Gondim L., Gonzalez M., Gonzalez I., Gonzalez-Castro A., Gordillo Romero O., Gordo F., Gouin P., Graf Santos J., Grainne R., Grando M., Granov Grabovica S., Grasso S., Grasso R., Grimmer L., Grissom C., Gu Q., Guan X. -D., Guarracino F., Guasch N., Guatteri L., Gueret R., Guerin C., Guerot E., Guitard P. -G., Gul F., Gumus A., Gurjar M., Gutierrez P., Hachimi A., Hadzibegovic A., Hagan S., Hammel C., Han Song J., Hanlon G., Heines S., Henriksson J., Herbrecht J. -E., Heredia Orbegoso G. O., Hermon A., Hernandez R., Hernandez C., Herrera L., Herrera-Gutierrez M., Hidalgo J., Hill D., Holmquist D., Homez M., Hongtao X., Hormis A., Horner D., Hornos M. C., Hou M., House S., Housni B., Hugill K., Humphreys S., Humbert L., Hunter S., Hwa Young L., Iezzi N., Ilutovich S., Inal V., Innes R., Ioannides P., Iotti G. A., Ippolito M., Irie H., Iriyama H., Itagaki T., Izura J., Izza S., Jabeen R., Jamaati H., Jamadarkhana S., Jamoussi A., Jankowski M., Jaramillo L. A., Jeon K., Jeong Lee S., Jeswani D., Jha S., Jiang L., Jing C., Jochmans S., Johnstad B. A., Jongmin L., Joret A., Junhasavasdikul D., Jurado M. T., Kam E., Kamohara H., Kane C., Kara I., Karakurt S., Karnjanarachata C., Kataoka J., Katayama S., Kaushik S., Kelebek Girgin N., Kerr K., Kerslake I., Khairnar P., Khalid A., Khan A., Khanna A. K., Khorasanee R., Kienhorst D., Kirakli C., Knafelj R., Kol M. K., Kongpolprom N., Kopitko C., Korkmaz Ekren P., Kubisz-Pudelko A., Kulcsar Z., Kumasawa J., Kuriyama A., Kutchak F., Labarca E., Labat F., Laborda C., Laca Barrera M. A., Lagache L., Landaverde Lopez A., Lanspa M., Lascari V., Le Meur M., Lee S. H., Lee Y. J., Lee J., Lee W. -Y., Legernaes T., Leiner T., Lemiale V., Leonor T., Lepper P. M., Li D., Li H., Li O., Lima A. R., Lind D., Litton E., Liu N., Liu L., Liu J., Llitjos J. -F., Llorente B., Lopez R., Lopez C. 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R., Motherway C., Mouhssine D., Mouloudi E., Munoz T., Munoz de Cabo C., Mustafa M., Muthuchellappan R., Muthukrishnan M., Muttini S., Nagata I., Nahar D., Nakanishi M., Nakayama I., Namendys-Silva S. A., Nanchal R., Nandakumar S., Nasi A., Nasir K., Navalesi P., Naz Aslam T., Nga Phan T., Nichol A., Niiyama S., Nikolakopoulou S., Nikolic E., Nitta K., Noc M., Nonas S., Nseir S., Nur Soyturk A., Obata Y., Oeckler R., Oguchi M., Ohshimo S., Oikonomou M., Ojados A., Oliveira M. T., Oliveira Filho W., Oliveri C., Olmos A., Omura K., Orlandi M. C., Orsenigo F., Ortiz-Ruiz De Gordoa L., Ota K., Ovalle Olmos R., Oveges N., Oziemski P., Ozkan Kuscu O., Pachas Alvarado F., Pagella G., Palaniswamy V., Palazon Sanchez E. L., Palmese S., Pan G., Pan W., Papanikolaou M., Papavasilopoulou T., Parekh A., Parke R., Parrilla F. J., Parrilla D., Pasha T., Pasin L., Patao L., Patel M., Patel G., Pati B. K., Patil J., Pattnaik S., Paul D., Pavesi M., Pavlotsky V. 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M., Regli A., Reina R., Resano Sarmiento N., Reynaud F., Rialp G., Ricart P., Rice T., Richardson A., Rieder M., Rinket M., Rios F., Risso Vazquez A., Riva I., Rivette M., Roca O., Roche-Campo F., Rodriguez C., Rodriguez G., Rodriguez Gonzalez D., Rodriguez Tucto X. Y., Rogers A., Romano M. E., Rortveit L., Rose A., Roux D., Rouze A., Rubatto Birri P. N., Ruilan W., Ruiz Robledo A., Ruiz-Aguilar A. L., Sadahiro T., Saez I., Sagardia J., Saha R., Saiphoklang N., Saito S., Salem M., Sales G., Salgado P., Samavedam S., Sami Mebazaa M., Samuelsson L., San Juan Roman N., Sanchez P., Sanchez-Ballesteros J., Sandoval Y., Sani E., Santos M., Santos C., Sanui M., Saravanabavan L., Sari S., Sarkany A., Sauneuf B., Savioli M., Sazak H., Scano R., Schneider F., Schortgen F., Schultz M. J., Schwarz G. 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Strand, K, Strano, M, Straus, S, Sun, C, Sun, R, Sundaram, V, Sunpark, T, Surlemont, E, Sutherasan, Y, Szabo, Z, Tainter, C, Takaba, A, Tallott, M, Tamasato, T, Tang, Z, Tangsujaritvijit, V, Taniguchi, L, Taniguchi, D, Tarantino, F, Teerapuncharoen, K, Temprano, S, Terragni, P, Terzi, N, Thakur, A, Theerawit, P, Thille, A, Thomas, M, Thungtitigul, P, Thyrault, M, Tilouch, N, Timenetsky, K, Tirapu, J, Todeschini, M, Tomas, R, Tomaszewski, C, Tonetti, T, Tonnelier, A, Trinder, J, Trongtrakul, K, Truwit, J, Tsuei, B, Tulaimat, A, Turan, S, Turkoglu, M, Tyagi, S, Ubeda, A, Vagginelli, F, Valenti, M, Vallverdu, I, Van Axel, A, van den Hul, I, van der Hoeven, H, Van Der Meer, N, Vanhoof, M, Vargas-Ordonez, M, Vaschetto, R, Vascotto, E, Vatsik, M, Vaz, A, Vazquez-Sanchez, A, Ventura, S, Vermeijden, J, Vidal, A, Vieira, J, Vilela Costa Pinto, B, Villagra, A, Villegas Succar, C, Vinorum, O, Vitale, G, Vj, R, Vochin, A, Voiriot, G, Volta, C, von Seth, M, Wajdi, M, Walsh, D, Wang, S, Wardi, G, 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H., Ansari S., Apichatbutr Y., Apostolopoulou O., Arellano D., Arica M., Arikan H., Arinaga K., Arnal J. -M., Asano K., Asin-Corrochano M., Avalos Cabrera J. M., Avila Fuentes S., Aydemir S., Aygencel G., Azevedo L., Bacakoglu F., Badie J., Baedorf Kassis E., Bai G., Balaraj G., Ballico B., Banner-Goodspeed V., Banwarie P., Barbieri R., Baronia A., Barrett J., Barrot L., Barrueco-Francioni J. E., Barry J., Bawangade H., Beavis S., Beck E., Beehre N., Belenguer Muncharaz A., Belliato M., Bellissima A., Beltramelli R., Ben Souissi A., Benitez-Cano A., Benlamin M., Benslama A., Bento L., Benvenuti D., Bernabe L., Bersten A., Berta G., Bertini P., Bertram-Ralph E., Besbes M., Bettini L. R., Beuret P., Bewley J., Bezzi M., Bhakhtiani L., Bhandary R., Bhowmick K., Bihari S., Bissett B., Blythe D., Bocher S., Boedjawan N., Bojanowski C. M., Boni E., Boraso S., Borelli M., Borello S., Borislavova M., Bosma K. J., Bottiroli M., Boyd O., Bozbay S., Briva A., Bruel C., Bruni A., Buehner U., Bulpa P., Burt K., Buscot M., Buttera S., Cabrera J., Caccese R., Caironi P., Canchos Gutierrez I., Canedo N., Cani A., Cappellini I., Carazo J., Cardonnet L. P., Carpio D., Carriedo D., Carrillo R., Carvalho J., Caser E., Castelli A., Castillo Quintero M., Castro H., Catorze N., Cengiz M., Cereijo E., Ceunen H., Chaintoutis C., Chang Y., Chaparro G., Chapman C., Chau S., Chavez C. E., Chelazzi C., Chelly J., Chemouni F., Chen K., Chena A., Chiarandini P., Chilton P., Chiumello D., Chou-Lie Y., Chudeau N., Cinel I., Cinnella G., Clark M., Clark T., Clementi S., Coaguila L., Codecido A. J., Collins A., Colombo R., Conde J., Consales G., Cook T., Coppadoro A., Cornejo R., Cortegiani A., Coxo C., Cracchiolo A. N., Crespo Ramirez M., Crova P., Cruz J., Cubattoli L., Cukurova Z., Curto F., Czempik P., D'Andrea R., da Silva Ramos F., Dangers L., Danguy des Deserts M., Danin P. -E., Dantas F., Daubin C., Dawei W., de Haro C., de Jesus Montelongo F., De Mendoza D., de Pablo R., De Pascale G., De Rosa S., Decavele M., Declercq P. -L., Deicas A., del Carmen Campos Moreno M., Dellamonica J., Delmas B., Demirkiran O., Demirkiran H., Dendane T., di Mussi R., Diakaki C., Diaz A., Diaz W., Dikmen Y., Dimoula A., Doble P., Doha N., Domingos G., Dres M., Dries D., Duggal A., Duke G., Dunts P., Dybwik K., Dykyy M., Eckert P., Efe S., Elatrous S., Elay G., Elmaryul A. S., Elsaadany M., Elsayed H., Elsayed S., Emery M., Ena S., Eng K., Englert J. A., Erdogan E., Ergin Ozcan P., Eroglu E., Escobar M., Esen F., Esen Tekeli A., Esquivel A., Esquivel Gallegos H., Ezzouine H., Facchini A., Faheem M., Fanelli V., Farina M. F., Fartoukh M., Fehrle L., Feng F., Feng Y., Fernandez I., Fernandez B., Fernandez-Rodriguez M. L., Ferrando C., Ferreira da Silva M. J., Ferreruela M., Ferrier J., Flamm Zamorano M. J., Flood L., Floris L., Fluckiger M., Forteza C., Fortunato A., Frans E., Frattari A., Fredes S., Frenzel T., Fumagalli R., Furche M. A., Fusari M., Fysh E., Galeas-Lopez J. L., Galerneau L. -M., Garcia A., Garcia M. F., Garcia E., Garcia Olivares P., Garlicki J., Garnero A., Garofalo E., Gautam P., Gazenkampf A., Gelinotte S., Gelormini D., Ghrenassia E., Giacomucci A., Giannoni R., Gigante A., Glober N., Gnesin P., Gollo Y., Gomaa D., Gomero Paredes R., Gomes R., Gomez R. A., Gomez O., Gomez A., Gondim L., Gonzalez M., Gonzalez I., Gonzalez-Castro A., Gordillo Romero O., Gordo F., Gouin P., Graf Santos J., Grainne R., Grando M., Granov Grabovica S., Grasso S., Grasso R., Grimmer L., Grissom C., Gu Q., Guan X. -D., Guarracino F., Guasch N., Guatteri L., Gueret R., Guerin C., Guerot E., Guitard P. -G., Gul F., Gumus A., Gurjar M., Gutierrez P., Hachimi A., Hadzibegovic A., Hagan S., Hammel C., Han Song J., Hanlon G., Heines S., Henriksson J., Herbrecht J. -E., Heredia Orbegoso G. O., Hermon A., Hernandez R., Hernandez C., Herrera L., Herrera-Gutierrez M., Hidalgo J., Hill D., Holmquist D., Homez M., Hongtao X., Hormis A., Horner D., Hornos M. C., Hou M., House S., Housni B., Hugill K., Humphreys S., Humbert L., Hunter S., Hwa Young L., Iezzi N., Ilutovich S., Inal V., Innes R., Ioannides P., Iotti G. A., Ippolito M., Irie H., Iriyama H., Itagaki T., Izura J., Izza S., Jabeen R., Jamaati H., Jamadarkhana S., Jamoussi A., Jankowski M., Jaramillo L. A., Jeon K., Jeong Lee S., Jeswani D., Jha S., Jiang L., Jing C., Jochmans S., Johnstad B. A., Jongmin L., Joret A., Junhasavasdikul D., Jurado M. T., Kam E., Kamohara H., Kane C., Kara I., Karakurt S., Karnjanarachata C., Kataoka J., Katayama S., Kaushik S., Kelebek Girgin N., Kerr K., Kerslake I., Khairnar P., Khalid A., Khan A., Khanna A. K., Khorasanee R., Kienhorst D., Kirakli C., Knafelj R., Kol M. K., Kongpolprom N., Kopitko C., Korkmaz Ekren P., Kubisz-Pudelko A., Kulcsar Z., Kumasawa J., Kuriyama A., Kutchak F., Labarca E., Labat F., Laborda C., Laca Barrera M. A., Lagache L., Landaverde Lopez A., Lanspa M., Lascari V., Le Meur M., Lee S. H., Lee Y. J., Lee J., Lee W. -Y., Legernaes T., Leiner T., Lemiale V., Leonor T., Lepper P. M., Li D., Li H., Li O., Lima A. R., Lind D., Litton E., Liu N., Liu L., Liu J., Llitjos J. -F., Llorente B., Lopez R., Lopez C. E., Lopez Nava C., Lovazzano P., Lu M., Lucchese F., Lugano M., Lugo Goytia G., Luo H., Lynch C., Macheda S., Madrigal Robles V. H., Maggiore S. M., Magret Iglesias M., Malaga P., Mallapura Maheswarappa H., Malpartida G., Malyarchikov A., Mansson H., Manzano A., Marey I., Marin N., Marin M. D. C., Markman E., Martin F., Martin A., Martin Dal Gesso C., Martinez F., Martinez-Fidalgo C., Martin-Loeches I., Mas A., Masaaki S., Maseda E., Massa E., Mattsson A., Maugeri J., McCredie V., McCullough J., McGuinness S., McKown A., Medve L., Mei C., Mellado Artigas R., Mendes V., Mervat M. K. E., Michaux I., Mikhaeil M., Milagros O., Milet I., Millan M. T., Minwei Z., Mirabella L., Mishra S., Mistraletti G., Mochizuki K., Moghal A., Mojoli F., Molin A., Montiel R., Montini L., Monza G., Mora Aznar M., Morakul S., Morales M., Moreno Torres D., Morocho Tutillo D. R., Motherway C., Mouhssine D., Mouloudi E., Munoz T., Munoz de Cabo C., Mustafa M., Muthuchellappan R., Muthukrishnan M., Muttini S., Nagata I., Nahar D., Nakanishi M., Nakayama I., Namendys-Silva S. A., Nanchal R., Nandakumar S., Nasi A., Nasir K., Navalesi P., Naz Aslam T., Nga Phan T., Nichol A., Niiyama S., Nikolakopoulou S., Nikolic E., Nitta K., Noc M., Nonas S., Nseir S., Nur Soyturk A., Obata Y., Oeckler R., Oguchi M., Ohshimo S., Oikonomou M., Ojados A., Oliveira M. T., Oliveira Filho W., Oliveri C., Olmos A., Omura K., Orlandi M. C., Orsenigo F., Ortiz-Ruiz De Gordoa L., Ota K., Ovalle Olmos R., Oveges N., Oziemski P., Ozkan Kuscu O., Pachas Alvarado F., Pagella G., Palaniswamy V., Palazon Sanchez E. L., Palmese S., Pan G., Pan W., Papanikolaou M., Papavasilopoulou T., Parekh A., Parke R., Parrilla F. J., Parrilla D., Pasha T., Pasin L., Patao L., Patel M., Patel G., Pati B. K., Patil J., Pattnaik S., Paul D., Pavesi M., Pavlotsky V. A., Paz G., Paz E., Pecci E., Pellegrini C., Pena Padilla A. G., Perchiazzi G., Pereira T., Pereira V., Perez M., Perez Calvo C., Perez Cheng M., Perez Maita R., Perez-Araos R., Perez-Teran P., Perez-Torres D., Perkins G., Persona P., Petnak T., Petrova M., Philippart F., Picetti E., Pierucci E., Piervincenzi E., Pinciroli R., Pintado M. -C., Piraino T., Piras S., Piras C., Pirompanich P., Pisani L., Platas E., Plotnikow G., Porras W., Porta V., Portilla M., Portugal J., Povoa P., Prat G., Pratto R., Preda G., Prieto I., Prol-Silva E., Pugh R., Qi Y., Qian C., Qin T., Qu H., Quintana T., Quispe Sierra R., Quispe Soto R., Rabbani R., Rabee M., Rabie A., Rahe Pereira M. A., Rai A., Raj Ashok S., Rajab M., Ramdhani N., Ramey E., Ranieri M., Rathod D., Ray B., Redwanul Huq S. M., Regli A., Reina R., Resano Sarmiento N., Reynaud F., Rialp G., Ricart P., Rice T., Richardson A., Rieder M., Rinket M., Rios F., Risso Vazquez A., Riva I., Rivette M., Roca O., Roche-Campo F., Rodriguez C., Rodriguez G., Rodriguez Gonzalez D., Rodriguez Tucto X. Y., Rogers A., Romano M. E., Rortveit L., Rose A., Roux D., Rouze A., Rubatto Birri P. N., Ruilan W., Ruiz Robledo A., Ruiz-Aguilar A. L., Sadahiro T., Saez I., Sagardia J., Saha R., Saiphoklang N., Saito S., Salem M., Sales G., Salgado P., Samavedam S., Sami Mebazaa M., Samuelsson L., San Juan Roman N., Sanchez P., Sanchez-Ballesteros J., Sandoval Y., Sani E., Santos M., Santos C., Sanui M., Saravanabavan L., Sari S., Sarkany A., Sauneuf B., Savioli M., Sazak H., Scano R., Schneider F., Schortgen F., Schultz M. J., Schwarz G. L., Seckin Yucesoy F., Seely A., Seiler F., Seker Tekdos Y., Seok Chan K., Serano L., Serednicki W., Setten M., Shah A., Shah B., Shang Y., Shanmugasundaram P., Shapovalov K., Shebl E., Shiga T., Shime N., Shin P., Short J., Shuhua C., Siddiqui S., Silesky Jimenez J. I., Silva D., Silva Sales B., Simons K., Sjobo B. A., Slessor D., Smiechowicz J., Smischney N., Smith P., Smith T., Smith M., Snape S., Snyman L., Soetens F., Sook Hong K., Sosa Medellin M. A., Soto G., Souloy X., Sousa E., Sovatzis S., Sozutek D., Spadaro S., Spagnoli M., Spangfors M., Spittle N., Spivey M., Stapleton A., Stefanovic B., Stephenson L., Stevenson E., Strand K., Strano M. T., Straus S., Sun C., Sun R., Sundaram V., SunPark T., Surlemont E., Sutherasan Y., Szabo Z., Tainter C., Takaba A., Tallott M., Tamasato T., Tang Z., Tangsujaritvijit V., Taniguchi L., Taniguchi D., Tarantino F., Teerapuncharoen K., Temprano S., Terragni P., Terzi N., Thakur A., Theerawit P., Thille A. W., Thomas M., Thungtitigul P., Thyrault M., Tilouch N., Timenetsky K., Tirapu J., Todeschini M., Tomas R., Tomaszewski C., Tonetti T., Tonnelier A., Trinder J., Trongtrakul K., Truwit J., Tsuei B., Tulaimat A., Turan S., Turkoglu M., Tyagi S., Ubeda A., Vagginelli F., Valenti M. F., Vallverdu I., Van Axel A., van den Hul I., van der Hoeven H., Van Der Meer N., Vanhoof M., Vargas-Ordonez M., Vaschetto R., Vascotto E., Vatsik M., Vaz A., Vazquez-Sanchez A., Ventura S., Vermeijden J. W., Vidal A., Vieira J., Vilela Costa Pinto B., Villagra A., Villegas Succar C., Vinorum O. G., Vitale G., Vj R., Vochin A., Voiriot G., Volta C. A., von Seth M., Wajdi M., Walsh D., Wang S., Wardi G., Ween-Velken N. C., Wei B. -L., Weller D., Welsh D., Welters I., Wert M., Whiteley S., Wilby E., Williams E., Williams K., Wilson A., Wojtas J., Won Huh J., Wrathall D., Wright C., Wu J. -F., Xi G., Xing Z. -J., Xu H., Yamamoto K., Yan J., Yanez J., Yang X., Yates E., Yazicioglu Mocin O., Ye Z., Yildirim F., Yoshida N., Yoshido H. H. L., Young Lee B., Yu R., Yu G., Yu T., Yuan B., Yuangtrakul N., Yumoto T., Yun X., Zakalik G., Zaki A., Zalba-Etayo B., Zambon M., Zang B., Zani G., Zarka J., Zerbi S. M., Zerman A., Zetterquist H., Zhang J., Zhang H., Zhang W., Zhang G., Zhao H., Zheng J., Zhu B., and Zumaran R.

Abstract

Background: Current management practices and outcomes in weaning from invasive mechanical ventilation are poorly understood. We aimed to describe the epidemiology, management, timings, risk for failure, and outcomes of weaning in patients requiring at least 2 days of invasive mechanical ventilation. Methods: WEAN SAFE was an international, multicentre, prospective, observational cohort study done in 481 intensive care units in 50 countries. Eligible participants were older than 16 years, admitted to a participating intensive care unit, and receiving mechanical ventilation for 2 calendar days or longer. We defined weaning initiation as the first attempt to separate a patient from the ventilator, successful weaning as no reintubation or death within 7 days of extubation, and weaning eligibility criteria based on positive end-expiratory pressure, fractional concentration of oxygen in inspired air, and vasopressors. The primary outcome was the proportion of patients successfully weaned at 90 days. Key secondary outcomes included weaning duration, timing of weaning events, factors associated with weaning delay and weaning failure, and hospital outcomes. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03255109. Findings: Between Oct 4, 2017, and June 25, 2018, 10 232 patients were screened for eligibility, of whom 5869 were enrolled. 4523 (77·1%) patients underwent at least one separation attempt and 3817 (65·0%) patients were successfully weaned from ventilation at day 90. 237 (4·0%) patients were transferred before any separation attempt, 153 (2·6%) were transferred after at least one separation attempt and not successfully weaned, and 1662 (28·3%) died while invasively ventilated. The median time from fulfilling weaning eligibility criteria to first separation attempt was 1 day (IQR 0–4), and 1013 (22·4%) patients had a delay in initiating first separation of 5 or more days. Of the 4523 (77·1%) patients with separation attempts, 2927 (64·7%) had a short wean (≤1 d

Published
2023

46. Empirical insights on the use of sun-induced chlorophyll fluorescence to estimate short-term changes in crop transpiration under controlled water limitation

Author

Ahmed, K, Paul-Limoges, E, Rascher, U, Hanus, J, Miglietta, F, Colombo, R, Peressotti, A, Genangeli, A, Damm, A, Ahmed K. R., Paul-Limoges E., Rascher U., Hanus J., Miglietta F., Colombo R., Peressotti A., Genangeli A., Damm A., Ahmed, K, Paul-Limoges, E, Rascher, U, Hanus, J, Miglietta, F, Colombo, R, Peressotti, A, Genangeli, A, Damm, A, Ahmed K. R., Paul-Limoges E., Rascher U., Hanus J., Miglietta F., Colombo R., Peressotti A., Genangeli A., and Damm A.

Abstract

Knowledge of actual crop transpiration (T) is important for advanced crop management but challenging to obtain due to the large spatial and temporal variation of T. Remote sensing offers various possibilities to assess T dynamics, while particularly sun-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) has been demonstrated as a sensitive empirical proxy for T. Despite this success, the advancement of the mechanistic understanding of how SIF relates to T dynamics is key for the future development and implementation of robust and reliable SIF-based T products. This study aims to contribute insights by experimentally assessing the sensitivity of several SIF-based T estimation strategies for evolving soil water limitation. We investigated extensive in situ and airborne data acquired during a water limitation experiment in a maize canopy in northern Italy. We evaluated five empirical strategies to integrate SIF in a T modelling framework based on the Penman-Monteith (PM) and the Ball-Berry-Leuning (BBL) concepts. Our results indicate that replacing model parameters sensitive to canopy conductance with SIF results in the best agreement between modelled and measured T under evolving water limitation. Our study contributes expanding existing knowledge with empirical insights on the sensitivity of SIF based T approaches under increasing soil water limitation at short time scales.

Published
2023

47. Multi-Frequency SAR Images for Investigations of the Cryosphere: Preliminary Results of Criosar Project

Author

Pettinato, S, Santi, E, Paloscia, S, Baroni, F, Pilia, S, Santurri, L, Palchetti, E, Bovenga, F, Belmonte, A, Refice, A, Argentiero, I, Colombo, R, Bramati, G, Di Mauro, B, Marin, C, Cuozzo, G, De Gregorio, L, Callegari, M, Heredia, M, Premier, V, Notarnicola, C, Pasian, M, Lodigiani, M, Silvestri, L, Cremonese, E, Montuori, A, Pettinato S., Santi E., Paloscia S., Baroni F., Pilia S., Santurri L., Palchetti E., Bovenga F., Belmonte A., Refice A., Argentiero I., Colombo R., Bramati G., Di Mauro B., Marin C., Cuozzo G., De Gregorio L., Callegari M., Heredia M. S., Premier V., Notarnicola C., Pasian M., Lodigiani M., Silvestri L., Cremonese E., Montuori A., Pettinato, S, Santi, E, Paloscia, S, Baroni, F, Pilia, S, Santurri, L, Palchetti, E, Bovenga, F, Belmonte, A, Refice, A, Argentiero, I, Colombo, R, Bramati, G, Di Mauro, B, Marin, C, Cuozzo, G, De Gregorio, L, Callegari, M, Heredia, M, Premier, V, Notarnicola, C, Pasian, M, Lodigiani, M, Silvestri, L, Cremonese, E, Montuori, A, Pettinato S., Santi E., Paloscia S., Baroni F., Pilia S., Santurri L., Palchetti E., Bovenga F., Belmonte A., Refice A., Argentiero I., Colombo R., Bramati G., Di Mauro B., Marin C., Cuozzo G., De Gregorio L., Callegari M., Heredia M. S., Premier V., Notarnicola C., Pasian M., Lodigiani M., Silvestri L., Cremonese E., and Montuori A.

Abstract

This research aims to exploit the potentialities of multi-mission SAR data at X-, C- and L-band for the monitoring of snowpack and alpine soils. The snow parameters as snow water equivalent, snow liquid water content and snow metamorphism have been monitored and different methods are proposed for their retrieval. In order to gather consistent datasets, experimental activities have been conducted in two selected sites in Northern Italy, which are covered by alpine snow during winter and spring periods and are in some cases characterized by the presence of permafrost. Microwave responses of snow and soil have been then simulated by using electromagnetic (i.e., AIEM, Oh, SFT and DMRT-QCA), and physical models (SNOWPACK). Finally, machine learning approaches, as Artificial Neural Networks and Random Forest, were implemented for retrieving snow parameters; whereas interferometric techniques were used in case of snow and soil displacement as rock glaciers. Preliminary and consistent results have been obtained in terms of estimate of snow parameters and soil displacement. This multi-frequency/multi-mission approach enhances the ability of SAR sensors to monitor and analyze snow dynamics, contributing to improved decision-making in various domains.

Published
2023

50. Refractive surgery in the HIV-positive U.S. Military Natural History Study Cohort: complications and risk factors

Author

Cammarata, S., Kirkland, N., Maves, R., Utz, G., Price, M., Powers, J., Tramont, E., Agan, B., Chu, X., Horton, W., Hsieh, H., Noiman, A., Parmelee, E., Tribble, D., Wang, X., Won, S., Barahona, I., Blaylock, J., Decker, C., Ganesan, A., Ressner, R., Wallace, D., Peel, S., De Leon, S., Merritt, S., Merritt, T., Okulicz, J., Sjoberg, T., Banks, S., Kronmann, K., Lalani, T., Tant, R., Warkentien, T., Baker, C., Chambers, S., Colombo, R., Ferguson, T., Kunz, A., Schofield, C., Stein, M., Tisdale, Carter S., Justin, Grant A., Wang, Xun, Chu, Xiuping, Carlton, Darrel K., Okulicz, Jason F., Schofield, Christina, Maves, Ryan C., Agan, Brian K., and Legault, Gary L.

Published
2019
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