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1. Effectiveness of the CATCH (Coordinated Approach to Child's Health) Rainbow Program in Elementary Schools for Change in Fruit and Vegetable Intake.

Author

Muzaffar, Henna, Valinskas, Ashley, Werner, Ashley, Collins, Nora, and Regan, Melanie

Abstract

Background: Nutrition, cooking, and gardening lessons individually and together have been shown to increase fruit and vegetable (FV) consumption in school-aged children. The CATCH Rainbow program incorporated nutrition education, cooking, and gardening lessons aimed at increasing FV consumption in elementary school-aged children and assessed changes in participants' BMI, self-reported FV consumption, and skin carotenoid levels at baseline and post-intervention. Methods: Two-hundred and twenty-five 4th and 5th graders (mean age: 9.8 years and 52% male participants) at Genoa Elementary School participated in six cooking and six gardening sessions between September 2021 and May 2022. Each nutrition education session was 25 min long, paired with either hands-on cooking activities or gardening skills. At baseline and post-intervention, participants' height and weight were assessed with a stadiometer/scale, and skin carotenoid measurement was taken by a Veggie Meter® (Longevity Link Corporation (Salt Lake City, UT, USA)). Students also completed the Block Food Frequency Questionnaire to self-report FV consumption at both time points. Focus groups were conducted with children at the end of the program for qualitative feedback. Results: paired samples T-test and regression analysis results indicate no significant decrease in BMI or significant increase in skin carotenoid scores from pre- to post-intervention. However, though not significant, there was an increase in self-reported FV intake by 0.4 servings. Additionally, the qualitative feedback was positive, as children mentioned benefits of healthy eating and expressed enjoyment for growing, cooking, and tasting fruits and vegetables. Conclusions: Results from this study can be used to guide future cooking and gardening programs for elementary school children. Time of the year when implementing these programs and collecting data may impact study outcomes due to seasonal variations in fruit and vegetable intake. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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3. Regulation of bovine brain microvascular endothelial tight junction assembly and barrier function by laminar shear stress

Author

Colgan, Olga C., Ferguson, Gail, Collins, Nora T., Murphy, Ronan P., Meade, Gerardeane, Cahill, Paul A., and Cummins, Philip M.

Subjects
Blood-brain barrier -- Research, Endothelium -- Research, Brain research, Biological sciences
Abstract

Blood-brain barrier (BBB) controls paracellular solute diffusion into the brain microenvironment and is maintained primarily by tight junctions between adjacent microvascular endothelial cells. Studies implicate blood flow-associated shear stress as a pathophysiological mediator of BBB function, although detailed biochemical data are scarce. We hypothesize that shear stress upregulates BBB function via direct modulation of expression and properties of pivotal tight-junction proteins occludin and zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1). Bovine brain microvascular endothelial cells (BBMvECs) were exposed to either steady or pulsatile shear stress (10 and 14 dyn/[cm.sup.2], respectively) for 24 h. Sheared BBMvECs were monitored for occludin-ZO-1 expression, association, and subcellular localization, and transendothelial permeability of BBMvECs to FITC-dextran and [sup.14][C]sucrose was assessed. Actin reorganization and BBMvEC realignment were observed following steady shear stress for 24 h. Substantial increases in occludin mRNA and protein expression (2.73 [+ or -] 0.26- and 1.83 [+ or -] 0.03-fold) and in occludin-ZO-1 association (2.12 [+ or -] 0.15-fold) were also observed. Steady shear stress also induced clear relocalization of both proteins to the cell-cell border in parallel with reduced transendothelial permeability to FITC-dextran (but not sucrose). Following pulsatile shear stress, increased protein levels for both occludin and ZO-1 (2.15 [+ or -] 0.02- and 1.67 [+ or -] 0.21-fold) and increased occludin-ZO-1 association (2.91 [+ or -] 0.14-fold) were observed in parallel with a reduction in transendothelial permeability to [sup.14][C]sucrose. Shear stress upregulates BBMvEC barrier function at the molecular level via modulation of expression, association, and localization of occludin and ZO-1. The pulsatile shear model appeared to give the most profound biochemical responses. blood-brain barrier; occludin; zonula occludens-1 doi:10.1152/ajpheart.01177.2006

Published
2007

4. Biomechanical regulation of hedgehog signaling in vascular smooth muscle cells in vitro and in vivo

Author

Morrow, David, Sweeney, Catherine, Birney, Yvonne A., Guha, Shaunta, Collins, Nora, Cummins, Philip M., Murphy, Ronan, Walls, Dermot, Redmond, Eileen M., and Cahill, Paul A.

Subjects
Apoptosis -- Research, Cell proliferation -- Research, Messenger RNA -- Research, Messenger RNA -- Physiological aspects, Biological sciences
Abstract

Hedgehog (Hh) signaling has recently been shown to be both responsive to mechanical loading in vitro and to control vascular development in vivo. We investigated the role of cyclic strain and pulsatile flow in modulating Hh signaling and growth of adult rat vascular smooth muscle cells (SMC) in culture. Exposure of SMC to defined equibiaxial cyclic strain (0% and 10% stretch, 60 cycles/min, for 24 h) significantly decreased sonic hedgehog (Shh) and patched 1 (Ptcl) expression while concurrently inhibiting Gli2-dependent promoter activity and mRNA expression, respectively. Cyclic strain significantly decreased SMC proliferation (cell counts and proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression) concomitant with a marked increase in SMC apoptosis (fluorescence-activated cell sorter analysis, acridine orange staining of apoptotic nuclei and Bax/ Bc1-[x.sub.L] ratio). These strain-induced changes in proliferation and apoptosis were significantly attenuated following addition of either recombinant Shh (3.5 [micro]g/ml) or overexpression of the Notch 3 intracellular domain (Notch IC). Further studies using a perfused transcapillary culture system demonstrated a significant decrease in Hh signaling in SMC following exposure of cells to increased pulsatile flow concomitant with a decrease in proliferation and an increase in apoptosis. Finally, the pulsatile flow-induced decreases in Hh signaling were validated in vivo following flow-induced rat carotid arterial remodeling after 28 days. These data suggest that Hh expression is diminished by biomechanical stimulation in vitro and in vivo and thus may play a fundamental role in arterial remodeling and atherogenesis in vivo. cyclic strain; apoptosis; proliferation

Published
2007

8. Hemodynamic regulation of occludin and ZO-1: effect on barrier function

Author

Collins, Nora

Subjects
Biotechnology
Abstract

The vascular endothelium constitutes a highly effective fluid and solute barrier through the regulated apposition of tight junction protein complexes between adjacent endothelial cells. As endothelial cell-mediated functions and pathology are sensitive to hemodynamic forces (cyclic strain and shear stress), we hypothesised a dynamic regulatory link between endothelial tight junction assembly/function and hemodynamic stimuli. We have investigated this hypothesis via examination of the precise effects of cyclic strain on the expression, modification, and function o f occludin and ZO-1, pivotal components o f the tight junction complex. Moreover, the mechanotransduction pathway by which tight junction regulation occurs was also investigated. For these studies, cultured bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAECs) were subjected to physiological levels o f equibiaxial cyclic strain (0 or 5% strain, 60 cycles/min, 24 h). In response to strain, protein expression o f both occludin and ZO-1 increased. Increased mRNA levels were also observed for occludin, but not ZO -1. These changes were accompanied by tyrosine dephosphorylation of occludin and serine/threonine phosphorylation of ZO-1, modifications that could be completely blocked by pharmacological inhibition with dephostatin (tyrosine phosphatase) and rottlerin (protein kinase C), respectively. The effects o f cyclic strain on the association and subcellular localisation o f occludin and ZO-1 was also investigated. In response to cyclic strain we observed a significant increase in endothelial occludin/ZO-1 co-association in parallel with increased localisation of both proteins to the cell-cell border. Moreover, these events were completely blocked by dephostatin and rottlerin and were accompanied by a strain-dependent reduction in transendothelial permeability to FITC-dextran, an event that could also be blocked by inhibitor addition indicating a causal relationship between biochemical changes and barrier function. We observed that these modifications o f the tight junction following strain were mediated via Gi-proteins, the small GTPase Rac-1, and the signaling molecule p38. Overall, these findings indicate that physiological cyclic strain up-regulates vascular endothelial tight junction assembly, with subsequent consequences for barrier integrity, putatively via tyrosine phosphatase- and PKC-dependent modification of occludin and ZO-1. The signal is transduced via G-proteins, Rac-1 and p38.

Published
2006

9. Influence of basolateral condition on the regulation of brain microvascular endothelial tight junction properties and barrier function

Author

Colgan, Olga C., Collins, Nora T., Welsby, Gail, Murphy, Ronan P., Birney, Yvonne A., Cahill, Paul A., Cummins, Philip M., Colgan, Olga C., Collins, Nora T., Welsby, Gail, Murphy, Ronan P., Birney, Yvonne A., Cahill, Paul A., and Cummins, Philip M.

Abstract

Basolateral condition of the brain microvascular endothelium is believed to influence blood–brain barrier (BBB) phenotype, although the precise transcriptional and post-translational mechanisms involved are poorly defined. In vivo, the basolateral surface of the blood–brain endothelium is bathed in serum-free interstitial fluid and encompassed by astrocytic end-feet. We hypothesized that these conditions impact on BBB function by directly modulating expression and biochemical properties of tight junctions. To investigate this, an in vitro transwell culture model was employed to selectively modify the basolateral environment of bovine brain microvascular endothelial cells (BBMvECs). In the absence of basolateral (but not apical) serum, we observed higher levels of expression, association and plasma membrane localization for the tight junction proteins, occludin and zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), in parallel with elevated transendothelial electrical resistance (TEER) and reduced 14[C]-sucrose permeability of BBMvEC monolayers. We further examined the effects of non-contact co-culture with basolateral astrocytes (C6 glioma) on indices of BBMvEC barrier function in both the presence and absence of serum. Astrocyte co-culture with serum led to enhanced occludin protein expression, occludin/ZO-1 association, and ZO-1 membrane localization, in parallel with increased TEER of BBMvEC monolayers. Astrocyte co-culture in the absence of serum (i.e. basolateral conditions most consistent with in vivo BBB physiology) however, gave the highest increases in BBMvEC barrier indices. Thus, we can conclude that factors influencing condition of the basolateral environment of the brain microvasculature can directly, and independently, modify BBB properties by regulating the expression and biochemical properties of the tight junction proteins, occludin and ZO-1.

Published
2008

15. Drom Dhá Liag (C.)

Author

Drom Dhá Liag C.), Dhrisceoil, Máire, Keating, Rita, Donovan, Hannah Maria O, Crowley, May, Collins, Babs, Donovan, Hanna O, Goggin, Gertie, Kingston, Anna, Cronin, Nora, Donoghue, Kathleen, Connolly, Elish, Neill, Nora O', Forde, Kattie, Driscoll, Peggy O', Cronin, Julia, Connolly, Eilish, Driscoll, Mairead O', Collins, Nora, Cróinin, Nora, Donovan, Hannah O, Goggin, Pearl, Daly, Rita, Carthy, Mary Mc, Keating, Bridgie, Neill, Mary O', Donovan, Shelia O, Carthy, Mary Ellen Mc, Cullinane, Peggy, Carthy, Peggy Mc, Carthy, Hannah Mc, Forde, Annie, Carthy, Nellie Mc, Brien, Cissie O, and Driscoll, M. O'

Subjects
History, Historic sites, Folk poetry, Schools, Legal status, laws, etc, Drom Dhá Liag, Traditional medicine, Dwellings, Birds, Famine, 1845-1852, Ringforts, Riddles, Drimoleague, Dissenters, Religious, Animals, Recreation, Cemeteries, Marriage, Ireland, Weather, Proverbs, Folklore, Treasure troves
Abstract

A collection of folklore and local history stories from Drom Dhá Liag (C.) (school) (Drimoleague, Co. Cork), collected as part of the Schools' Folklore Scheme, 1937-1938 under the supervision of teacher Máire, Bean Uí Dhrisceoil., Penal Times / Keating, Rita -- Penal Times / Donovan, Hannah Maria O -- Penal Times / Crowley, May -- Penal Times / Collins, Babs -- Penal Times / Donovan, Hanna O -- Penal Times / Goggin, Gertie -- Penal Times / Kingston, Anna -- Penal Times / Cronin, Nora -- Penal Times / Goggin, Gertie -- Bird-Lore / Donoghue, Kathleen -- Bird-Lore / Connolly, Elish -- Bird-Lore / Neill, Nora O' -- Bird-Lore / Collins, Babs -- Bird-Lore / Donovan, Hanna O -- Riddles / Goggin, Gertie -- Riddles / Forde, Kattie -- Riddles / Driscoll, Peggy O' -- Riddles / Cronin, Julia -- Riddles / Connolly, Eilish -- Riddles / Kingston, Anna -- Lios / Forde, Kattie -- Lios / Keating, Rita -- Lios / Driscoll, Mairead O' -- Lios / Collins, Nora -- Lios / Neill, Nora O' -- Lios / Cróinin, Nora -- Famine Story / Goggin, Gertie -- Old Graveyards / Driscoll, Peggy O' -- Old Graveyards / Driscoll, Mairead O' -- Old Graveyards / Donovan, Hanna O -- In every farm the fields are given different names... / Donovan, Hannah O -- On my Grandmother's farm in Dromore there are fields called... / Driscoll, Peggy O' -- The local place names are as follows... / Crowley, May -- The local place names are as follows... / Donovan, Hannah O -- The local names of the fields on my father's farm are as follows... / Goggin, Pearl -- In the south side of Lahana there is a big stone called the Mass Rock. / Daly, Rita -- The names of some of the fields at home are... / Carthy, Mary Mc -- The following are the names of the fields at home... / Driscoll, Mairead O -- Irish Words and Phrases / Crowley, May -- Irish Words and Phrases / Goggin, Gertie -- Irish Words and Phrases / Keating, Bridgie -- Irish Words and Phrases / Keating, Rita -- Irish Words and Phrases / Neill, Mary O' -- Irish Words and Phrases / Donoghue, Kathleen -- Irish Words and Phrases / Connolly, Elish -- Local Cures / Donovan, Shelia O -- Local Cures / Collins, Nora -- Local Cures / Keating, Rita -- Local Songs / Carthy, Mary Mc -- Local Songs / Driscoll, Mairead O' -- Local Songs / Carthy, Mary Ellen Mc -- Dunmanway / Cullinane, Peggy -- Hidden Treasure / Carthy, Peggy Mc -- Weather-Lore / Kingston, Anna -- Weather-Lore / Carthy, Hannah Mc -- Weather-Lore / Neill, Nora O -- Local Marriage Customs / Cronin, Nora -- Local Marriage Customs / Neill, Nora O -- Local Marriage Customs / Donovan, Hanna O -- Drimoleague is the name of my town-land... / Forde, Annie -- The names of the fields on my father's farm are... / Carthy, Nellie Mc -- Games I Play / Kingston, Anna -- Games I Play / Neill, Nora O -- Local Proverbs / Keating, Bridgie -- Local Proverbs / Driscoll, Mairead O -- Local Proverbs / Carthy, Mary Mc -- Local Proverbs / Daly, Rita -- Old Houses / Brien, Cissie O -- Old Houses / Kingston, Anna -- Tale of the Fenian Movement / Driscoll, M. O' -- Plague of Rats / Driscoll, M. O' -- Marvellous Escape / Driscoll, M. O' -- Legend of Cape Clear, Supported by funding from the Department of Arts, Heritage and the Gaeltacht (Ireland), University College Dublin, and the National Folklore Foundation (Fondúireacht Bhéaloideas Éireann), 2014-2016.

Published
1937
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16. Fearann

Author

Fearann, An, Buttimer, Muiris, Murphy, Donal, Leary, Mary K. O', Riordan, John F., Lynch, Margaret, Collins, Nora, Deasy, Margaret, Corkery, John, Murphy, Daniel F., and Leary, Maureen O'

Subjects
Schools, Legal status, laws, etc, Commerce, Traditional medicine, Rites and ceremonies, Fires, Birds, Smithing, Dissenters, Religious, Butter, Cemeteries, Occupations, Marriage, Potatoes, Weather, Proverbs, Folklore, Textile industry, Prayers
Abstract

A collection of folklore and local history stories from An Fearann (school) (Farran, Co. Cork), collected as part of the Schools' Folklore Scheme, 1937-1938 under the supervision of teacher Muiris Buttimer., Riddles / Murphy, Donal / Leary, Mary K. O' / Riordan, John F. / Lynch, Margaret / Collins, Nora -- Big Flu / Deasy, Margaret -- Burning / Corkery, John -- Spinning / Deasy, Margaret -- Local Craft / Murphy, Daniel F. -- Old Schools / Deasy, Margaret -- Penal Times / Deasy, Margaret -- Local Forge / Leary, Mary K. O' -- The Potato Crop / Murphy, Daniel F. -- Churning / Deasy, Margaret -- Local Forge / Corkery, John -- Local Graveyards / Riordan, John F. -- Bird-Lore / Murphy, Daniel F. -- Weather-Lore / Deasy, Margaret -- Local Runner / Murphy, Daniel F. -- Proverbs / Riordan, John F. -- Proverbs / Collins, Nora -- Proverbs / Leary, Mary K. O' -- Old Prayers / Collins, Nora -- Local Marriage Customs / Leary, Maureen O' -- Local Marriage Customs -- Local Fairs, Supported by funding from the Department of Arts, Heritage and the Gaeltacht (Ireland), University College Dublin, and the National Folklore Foundation (Fondúireacht Bhéaloideas Éireann), 2014-2016.

Published
1937
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17. Fuming Friends.

Author

Collins, Nora

Subjects
FUMING Friends (Poem), COLLINS, Nora
Abstract

Presents the poem "Fuming Friends," by Nora Collins. First Line: There once was a cigarette smoker; Last Line: She kept all her friends a bit broker.

Published
1975

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