Author: "Collins, C A" - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

Your search keyword '"Collins, C A"' showing total 5,998 results

Start Over Author "Collins, C A"

5,998 results on '"Collins, C A"'

1. Exploring the range of impacts of helium in the spectra of double detonation models for Type Ia supernovae

Author: Callan, F. P., Collins, C. E., Sim, S. A., Shingles, L. J., Pakmor, R., Srivastav, S., Pollin, J. M., Gronow, S., Roepke, F. K., and Seitenzahl, I. R.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract: In the double detonation scenario the ignition of a surface He detonation on a sub-Chandrasekhar mass white dwarf leads to a secondary core detonation. Double detonation models have shown promise for explaining Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) with a variety of luminosities. A key feature of such models is unburnt He in the ejecta, which can show significant variation in both its mass and velocity distribution. Many previous radiative transfer simulations for double detonation models have neglected treatment of non-thermal ionization and excitation, preventing them from robustly assessing whether He spectral features are expected to form. We present a non local thermodynamic equilibrium radiative transfer simulation, including treatment for non-thermal electrons, for a double detonation model with a modest mass of He (${\sim}$0.04 M${\odot}$) ejected at reasonably low velocities (${\sim}$12000$\,\mathrm{km}\,\mathrm{s}^{-1}$). Despite our simulation predicting no clear optical He features, a strong and persistent He I 10830$\,\r{A}$ absorption feature forms that is significantly blended with the spectral contribution of Mg II 10927$\,\r{A}$. For some normal SNe Ia the Mg feature shows an extended blue wing, previously attributed to C I, however the simulated He feature shows its strongest absorption at wavelengths consistent with this wing. We therefore suggest this extended wing is instead a spectral signature of He. The He feature predicted by this particular model is too strong and persistent to be consistent with normal SNe Ia, however, this motivates further work to use this observable signature to test the parameter space for double detonation models., Comment: 11 pages, 5 figures. Submitted to MNRAS
Published: 2024

2. On the fate of the secondary white dwarf in double-degenerate double-detonation Type Ia supernovae -- II. 3D synthetic observables

Author: Pollin, J. M., Sim, S. A., Pakmor, R., Callan, F. P., Collins, C. E., Shingles, L. J., Roepke, F. K., and Srivastav, S.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract: A leading model for Type Ia supernovae involves the double-detonation of a sub-Chandrasekhar mass white dwarf. Double-detonations arise when a surface helium shell detonation generates shockwaves that trigger a core detonation; this mechanism may be triggered via accretion or during the merger of binaries. Most previous double-detonation simulations only included the primary white dwarf; however, the fate of the secondary has significant observational consequences. Recently, hydrodynamic simulations accounted for the companion in double-degenerate double-detonation mergers. In the merger of a 1.05$\text{M}_{\odot}$ primary white dwarf and 0.7$\text{M}_{\odot}$ secondary white dwarf, the primary consistently detonates while the fate of the secondary remains uncertain. We consider two versions of this scenario, one in which the secondary survives and another in which it detonates. We present the first 3D radiative transfer calculations for these models and show that the synthetic observables for both models are similar and match properties of the peculiar 02es-like subclass of Type Ia supernovae. Our calculations show angle dependencies sensitive to the companion's fate, and we can obtain a closer spectroscopic match to normal Type Ia supernovae when the secondary detonates and the effects of helium detonation ash are minimised. The asymmetry in the width-luminosity relationship is comparable to previous double-detonation models, but the overall spread is increased with a secondary detonation. The secondary detonation has a meaningful impact on all synthetic observables; however, multidimensional nebular phase calculations are needed to support or rule out either model as a likely explanation for Type Ia supernovae., Comment: 17 pages, 19 figures, MNRAS accepted
Published: 2024

3. AXES-SDSS: comparison of SDSS galaxy groups with all-sky X-ray extended sources

Author: Damsted, S., Finoguenov, A., Lietzen, H., Mamon, G. A., Comparat, J., Tempel, E., Dmitrieva, I., Clerc, N., Collins, C., Gozaliasl, G., and Eckert, D.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract: We revisit the picture of X-ray emission of groups through the study of systematic differences in the optical properties of groups with and without X-ray emission and study the effect of large-scale density field on scaling relations. We present the identification of X-ray galaxy groups using a combination of RASS and SDSS data. We include new X-ray reanalysis of RASS, to include very extended (up to a size of half a degree) sources and account for differences in the limiting sensitivity towards compact and very extended X-ray emission. X-ray groups exhibit less scatter in the scaling relations and selecting the groups based on the extended X-ray emission leads to an additional scatter reduction. Most of the scatter for the optical groups is associated with a small (6%) fraction of outliers, primarily associated with low optical luminosity groups found in dense regions of the cosmic web. These groups are the primary candidates for being the contaminants in the optical group catalogues. Removing those groups from the optical group sample using optically measured properties only, leads to a substantial reduction in the scatter in the most scaling relations of the optical groups. We find a density dependence of both the X-ray and optical luminosity of groups, which we associate with the assembly bias. Abridged., Comment: 16 pages, A&A, in press
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

4. Including a Luminous Central Remnant in Radiative Transfer Simulations for Type Iax Supernovae

Author: Callan, F. P., Sim, S. A., Collins, C. E., Shingles, L. J., Lach, F., Roepke, F. K., Pakmor, R., Kromer, M., and Srivastav, S.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: Type Iax supernovae (SNe Iax) are proposed to arise from deflagrations of Chandrasekhar mass white dwarfs (WDs). Previous deflagration simulations have achieved good agreement with the light curves and spectra of intermediate-luminosity and bright SNe Iax. However, the model light curves decline too quickly after peak, particularly in red optical and near-infrared (NIR) bands. Deflagration models with a variety of ignition configurations do not fully unbind the WD, leaving a remnant polluted with $^{56}\mathrm{Ni}$. Emission from such a remnant may contribute to the luminosity of SNe Iax. Here we investigate the impact of adding a central energy source, assuming instantaneous powering by $^{56}\mathrm{Ni}$ decay in the remnant, in radiative transfer calculations of deflagration models. Including the remnant contribution improves agreement with the light curves of SNe Iax, particularly due to the slower post-maximum decline of the models. Spectroscopic agreement is also improved, with intermediate-luminosity and faint models showing greatest improvement. We adopt the full remnant $^{56}\mathrm{Ni}$ mass predicted for bright models, but good agreement with intermediate-luminosity and faint SNe Iax is only possible for remnant $^{56}\mathrm{Ni}$ masses significantly lower than those predicted. This may indicate that some of the $^{56}\mathrm{Ni}$ decay energy in the remnant does not contribute to the radiative luminosity but instead drives mass ejection, or that escape of energy from the remnant is significantly delayed. Future work should investigate the structure of remnants predicted by deflagration models and the potential roles of winds and delayed energy escape, as well as extend radiative transfer simulations to late times., Comment: 17 pages, 6 figures. Lightcurves and spectra available at https://hesma.h-its.org
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

5. The XMM Cluster Survey: Automating the estimation of hydrostatic mass for large samples of galaxy clusters I -- Methodology, Validation, & Application to the SDSSRM-XCS sample

Author: Turner, D. J., Giles, P. A., Romer, A. K., Pilling, J., Lingard, T. K., Wilkinson, R., Hilton, M., Upsdell, E. W., Al-Serkal, R., Cheng, T., Eappen, R., Rooney, P. J., Bhargava, S., Collins, C. A., Mayers, J., Miller, C., Nichol, R. C., Sahén, M., and Viana, P. T. P.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract: We describe features of the X-ray: Generate and Analyse (XGA) open-source software package that have been developed to facilitate automated hydrostatic mass ($M_{\rm hydro}$) measurements from XMM X-ray observations of clusters of galaxies. This includes describing how XGA measures global, and radial, X-ray properties of galaxy clusters. We then demonstrate the reliability of XGA by comparing simple X-ray properties, namely the X-ray temperature and gas mass, with published values presented by the XMM Cluster Survey (XCS), the Ultimate XMM eXtragaLactic survey project (XXL), and the Local Cluster Substructure Survey (LoCuSS). XGA measured values for temperature are, on average, within 1% of the values reported in the literature for each sample. XGA gas masses for XXL clusters are shown to be ${\sim}$10% lower than previous measurements (though the difference is only significant at the $\sim$1.8$\sigma$ level), LoCuSS $R_{2500}$ and $R_{500}$ gas mass re-measurements are 3% and 7% lower respectively (representing a 1.5$\sigma$ and 3.5$\sigma$ difference). Like-for-like comparisons of hydrostatic mass are made to LoCuSS results, which show that our measurements are $10{\pm}3%$ ($19{\pm}7%$) higher for $R_{2500}$ ($R_{500}$). The comparison between $R_{500}$ masses shows significant scatter. Finally, we present new $M_{\rm hydro}$ measurements for 104 clusters from the SDSS DR8 redMaPPer XCS sample (SDSSRM-XCS). Our SDSSRM-XCS hydrostatic mass measurements are in good agreement with multiple literature estimates, and represent one of the largest samples of consistently measured hydrostatic masses. We have demonstrated that XGA is a powerful tool for X-ray analysis of clusters; it will render complex-to-measure X-ray properties accessible to non-specialists., Comment: 24 pages (18 + 6 appendices), 15 figures, submitted to MNRAS; see https://github.com/DavidT3/XCS-Mass-Paper-I-Analysis for the code and samples
Published: 2024

6. Strategies for optimal sky subtraction in the low surface brightness regime

Author: Watkins, A. E., Kaviraj, S., Collins, C. C., Knapen, J. H., Kelvin, L. S., Duc, P. -A., Román, J., and Mihos, J. C.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: The low surface brightness (LSB) regime ($\mu_{g} \gtrsim 26$ mag arcsec$^{-2}$) comprises a vast, mostly unexplored discovery space, from dwarf galaxies to the diffuse interstellar medium. Accessing this regime requires precisely removing instrumental signatures and light contamination, including, most critically, night sky emission. This is not trivial, as faint astrophysical and instrumental contamination can bias sky models at the precision needed to characterize LSB structures. Using idealized synthetic images, we assess how this bias impacts two common LSB-oriented sky-estimation algorithms: 1.) masking and parametric modelling, and 2.) stacking and smoothing dithered exposures. Undetected flux limits both methods by imposing a pedestal offset to all derived sky models. Careful, deep masking of fixed sources can mitigate this, but source density always imposes a fundamental limit. Stellar scattered light can contribute $\sim28$--$29$ mag arcsec$^{-2}$ of background flux even in low-density fields; its removal is critical prior to sky estimation. For complex skies, image combining is an effective non-parametric approach, although it strongly depends on observing strategy and adds noise to images on the smoothing kernel scale. Preemptive subtraction of fixed sources may be the only practical approach for robust sky estimation. We thus tested a third algorithm, subtracting a preliminary sky-subtracted coadd from exposures to isolate sky emission. Unfortunately, initial errors in sky estimation propagate through all subsequent sky models, making the method impractical. For large-scale surveys like LSST, where key science goals constrain observing strategy, masking and modelling remains the optimal sky estimation approach, assuming stellar scattered light is removed first., Comment: 18 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

7. Understanding drought impacts on livelihoods and risk management strategies: South African smallholder farmers' perspectives

Author: Danso-Abbeam, Gideon, Okolie, Collins C., Ojo, Temitope O., and Ogundeji, Abiodun A.
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

8. Dark Energy Survey Year 3 Results: Mis-centering calibration and X-ray-richness scaling relations in redMaPPer clusters

Author: Kelly, P., Jobel, J., Eiger, O., Abd, A., Jeltema, T. E., Giles, P., Hollowood, D. L., Wilkinson, R. D., Turner, D. J., Bhargava, S., Everett, S., Farahi, A., Romer, A. K., Rykoff, E. S., Wang, F., Bocquet, S., Cross, D., Faridjoo, R., Franco, J., Gardner, G., Kwiecien, M., Laubner, D., McDaniel, A., O'Donnell, J. H., Sanchez, L., Schmidt, E., Sripada, S., Swart, A., Upsdell, E., Webber, A., Aguena, M., Allam, S., Alves, O., Bacon, D., Brooks, D., Burke, D. L., Rosell, A. Carnero, Carretero, J., Collins, C. A., Costanzi, M., da Costa, L. N., Pereira, M. E. S., Davis, T. M., Doel, P., Ferrero, I., Frieman, J., García-Bellido, J., Giannini, G., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Hilton, M., Hinton, S. R., Honscheid, K., James, D. J., Kuehn, K., Mann, R. G., Marshall, J. L., Mena-Fernández, J., Miller, C. J., Miquel, R., Myles, J., Palmese, A., Pieres, A., Malagón, A. A. Plazas, Rooney, P. J., Sahlen, M., Sanchez, E., Cid, D. Sanchez, Schubnell, M., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Smith, M., Stott, J. P., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., To, C., Viana, P. T. P., Weaverdyck, N., and Wiseman, P.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: We use Dark Energy Survey Year 3 (DES Y3) clusters with archival X-ray data from XMM-Newton and Chandra to assess the centering performance of the redMaPPer cluster finder and to measure key richness observable scaling relations. In terms of centering, we find that 10-20% of redMaPPer clusters are miscentered with no significant difference in bins of low versus high richness ($20<\lambda<40$ and $\lambda>40$) or redshift ($0.2
Published: 2023

9. The Effect of Earnings Announcement on the Market Value of Corporate Stock

Author: Collins C Ngwakwe
Subjects: nvidia, stock price, earnings announcement, crown stock, stock market, financial economics, Accounting. Bookkeeping, HF5601-5689, Finance, HG1-9999
Abstract: On June 18, 2024, Nvidia's stock was momentarily crowned as the world's most valuable stock – surpassing other technology companies. Accordingly, this paper aims to analyze the differential effect of Nvidia's earnings announcement on the company's stock price following the earnings announcement. The research is anchored on the prior theory of efficient market hypothesis – which emphasizes the effect of information on stock prices. The paper applied a quantitative differential approach. The earnings announcement was used as the basis for differential stock price analysis because, based on previous literature, results show different (mixed) effects of earnings results on stock price. The data on Nvidia's stock price were collected from Fusion Media and Nasdaq. Data were analyzed using the paired t-test sample for mean difference. Results from the analysis indicate a significant positive difference between the previous 44 days before the profit announcement and 44 days following the profit announcement. The result shows that Nvidia's earnings announcement, which surpassed expectations, catalyzed a huge rise in Nvidia's stock price. It also highlights the best point when the investors should have taken their profit. The results of this study help academics and researchers in business schools better understand the relationship between earnings announcements and stock prices in AI chip manufacturing companies. The paper contributes unique novelty by using extended days before and within the earnings announcement, which provides ample space to understand the stock price performance and to make investment decisions. It thus contributes an insight into the best timing of profit-taking and reinvesting.
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

10. National Implementation of International Economic Law: Nigeria

Author: Ajibo, Collins C, primary, Ekhator, Eghosa O, additional, and Nwankwo, Chidebe M, additional
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

11. CODEX: Role of velocity substructure in the scaling relations of galaxy clusters

Author: Damsted, S., Finoguenov, A., Clerc, N., Davalgaite, I., Kirkpatrick, C. C., Mamon, G. A., Chitham, J. Ider, Kiiveri, K., Comparat, J., and Collins, C.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: The use of galaxy clusters as cosmological probes relies on a detailed understanding of their properties. We aim to update the spectroscopic cluster identification of CODEX by running the spectroscopic group finder on the follow-up spectroscopy results and connecting the dynamical state of clusters to their scaling relations. We implemented a reproducible spectroscopic membership determination and cleaning procedures, based on the redMaPPer membership, running the spectroscopic group finder on the follow-up spectroscopy results and cleaning the membership for spectroscopic outliers. We applied the Anderson-Darling test for velocity substructure and analysed its influence on the scaling relations. We also tested the effect of the X-ray-to-optical centre offset on the scaling relations. We report on the scaling relations between richness, X-ray luminosity, and velocity dispersion for a complete sample of clusters with at least 15 members. Clusters with velocity substructure exhibit enhanced velocity dispersion for a given richness and are characterized by 2.5 times larger scatter. Clusters that have a strong offset in X-ray-to-optical centres have comparable scaling relations as clusters with substructure. We demonstrate that there is a consistency in the parameters of the scaling relations for the low- and high-richness galaxy clusters. Splitting the clusters by redshift, we note a decrease in scatter with redshift in all scaling relations. We localize the redshift range where a high scatter is observed to $z<0.15$, which is in agreement with the literature results on the scatter. We note that the increase in scatter for both high- and low-luminosity clusters is $z<0.15$, suggesting that both cooling and the resulting active galactic nucleus feedback are at the root of this scatter. Abridged., Comment: 23 pages, A&A in press, catalogs are released through CDS
Published: 2023

12. The XMM Cluster Survey: Exploring scaling relations and completeness of the Dark Energy Survey Year 3 redMaPPer cluster catalogue

Author: Upsdell, E. W., Giles, P. A., Romer, A. K., Wilkinson, R., Turner, D. J., Hilton, M., Rykoff, E., Farahi, A., Bhargava, S., Jeltema, T., Klein, M., Bermeo, A., Collins, C. A., Ebrahimpour, L., Hollowood, D., Mann, R. G., Manolopoulou, M., Miller, C. J., Rooney, P. J., Sahlén, Martin, Stott, J. P., Viana, P. T. P., Allam, S., Alves, O., Bacon, D., Bertin, E., Bocquet, S., Brooks, D., Burke, D. L., Kind, M. Carrasco, Carretero, J., Costanzi, M., da Costa, L. N., Pereira, M. E. S., De Vicente, J., Desai, S., Diehl, H. T., Dietrich, J. P., Everett, S., Ferrero, I., Frieman, J., García-Bellido, J., Gerdes, D. W., Gutierrez, G., Hinton, S. R., Honscheid, K., James, D. J., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., Lima, M., Marshall, J. L., Mena-Fern, J., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Mohr, J. J., Ogando, R. L. C., Pieres, A., Raveri, M., Rodriguez-Monroy, M., Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Smith, M., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., To, C., Weaverdyck, N., Weller, J., and Wiseman, P.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: We cross-match and compare characteristics of galaxy clusters identified in observations from two sky surveys using two completely different techniques. One sample is optically selected from the analysis of three years of Dark Energy Survey observations using the redMaPPer cluster detection algorithm. The second is X-ray selected from XMM observations analysed by the XMM Cluster Survey. The samples comprise a total area of 57.4 deg$^2$, bounded by the area of 4 contiguous XMM survey regions that overlap the DES footprint. We find that the X-ray selected sample is fully matched with entries in the redMaPPer catalogue, above $\lambda>$20 and within 0.1$< z <$0.9. Conversely, only 38\% of the redMaPPer catalogue is matched to an X-ray extended source. Next, using 120 optically clusters and 184 X-ray selected clusters, we investigate the form of the X-ray luminosity-temperature ($L_{X}-T_{X}$), luminosity-richness ($L_{X}-\lambda$) and temperature-richness ($T_{X}-\lambda$) scaling relations. We find that the fitted forms of the $L_{X}-T_{X}$ relations are consistent between the two selection methods and also with other studies in the literature. However, we find tentative evidence for a steepening of the slope of the relation for low richness systems in the X-ray selected sample. When considering the scaling of richness with X-ray properties, we again find consistency in the relations (i.e., $L_{X}-\lambda$ and $T_{X}-\lambda$) between the optical and X-ray selected samples. This is contrary to previous similar works that find a significant increase in the scatter of the luminosity scaling relation for X-ray selected samples compared to optically selected samples., Comment: Accepted for publication to MNRAS
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

13. Relationship between Wastewater Quality and Corporate Stock Price

Author: Collins C Ngwakwe
Subjects: stock price, wastewater quality, corporate legitimacy, hydrocarbon content, offshore and onshore wastewater, Accounting. Bookkeeping, HF5601-5689, Finance, HG1-9999
Abstract: Almost all industrial players handle wastewater treatment in one way or another by themselves, no matter the industry or company’s size. Some companies have wastewater treatment plants, and others are considering investments for construction or modernisation. Occasionally, industrial wastewater is discharged to a municipal wastewater treatment plant; however, it must sometimes be pre-treated. Corporate wastewater quality is imperative for environmental responsibility, corporate legitimacy and financial performance. This paper examines the relationship between the reduction of hydrocarbon content of offshore and onshore wastewater and the stock price presented in TotalEnergies. The data on hydrocarbon content reduction in offshore and onshore wastewater discharge was collected from the TotalEnergies 2022 Sustainability and Climate Progress Report. In addition, the data on TotalEnergy’s stock price was collected from the FusionMedia online stock price index. Data was analysed quantitatively through the application of a graphical approach. Findings from the graphical analysis of data depict two important dimensions of the stock value effect. Firstly, the results show a corresponding relationship between the reduction in the hydrocarbon content of wastewater and an increase in the stock price value of TotalEnergies. Secondly, the results show that the increase in stock price value continues even beyond the times of hydrocarbon reduction, which shows that investors compensate the company for its previously good performance in hydrocarbon reduction. This legitimacy-ingrained performance shows that hydrocarbon reduction protects the company’s value even during uncertainties and/or hindrances in wastewater quality. Based on this finding, the paper develops an inductive hypothesis, opening a new research agenda. The findings are of practical significance for industrial hydrocarbon content reduction and the attraction of short- and long-term financial value to the industry.
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

14. A possible signature of the influence of tidal perturbations in dwarf galaxy scaling relations

Author: Watkins, A. E., Salo, H., Kaviraj, S., Collins, C. A., Knapen, J. H., Venhola, A., and Román, J.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract: Dwarf galaxies are excellent cosmological probes, because their shallow potential wells make them very sensitive to the key processes that drive galaxy evolution, including baryonic feedback, tidal interactions, and ram pressure stripping. However, some of the key parameters of dwarf galaxies, which help trace the effects of these processes, are still debated, including the relationship between their sizes and masses. We re-examine the Fornax Cluster dwarf population from the point of view of isomass-radius--stellar mass relations (IRSMRs) using the Fornax Deep Survey Dwarf galaxy Catalogue, with the centrally located (among dwarfs) $3.63 \mathcal{M}_{\odot}$~pc$^{-2}$ isodensity radius defining our fiducial relation. This relation is a powerful diagnostic tool for identifying dwarfs with unusual structure, as dwarf galaxies' remarkable monotonicity in light profile shapes, as a function of stellar mass, reduces the relation's scatter tremendously. By examining how different dwarf properties (colour, tenth-nearest-neighbour distance, etc.) correlate with distance from our fiducial relation, we find a significant population of structural outliers with comparatively lower central mass surface density and larger half-light-radii, residing in locally denser regions in the cluster, albeit with similar red colours. We propose that these faint, extended outliers likely formed through tidal disturbances, which make the dwarfs more diffuse, but with little mass loss. Comparing these outliers with ultra-diffuse galaxies (UDGs), we find that the term UDG lacks discriminatory power; UDGs in the Fornax Cluster lie both on and off of IRSMRs defined at small radii, while IRSMR outliers with masses below $\sim 10^{7.5} \mathcal{M}_{\odot}$ are excluded from the UDG classification due to their small effective radii., Comment: 16 pages (+2 appendix), 10 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

15. Structures, processes and outcomes between first referral and referral hospitals in low-income and middle-income countries: a secondary preplanned analysis of the FALCON and ChEETAh randomised trials

Author: Rajeev Sharma, Neha Mishra, Simon Cousens, Sanjay Gupta, Thomas Pinkney, Neil Smart, Jonathan Cook, David Jayne, Hemanth Kumar, Peter Brocklehurst, Mohammed Bashir, Dmitri Nepogodiev, Adesoji O Ademuyiwa, Philip Alexander, Laura Magill, Mark Monahan, Rachel Moore, Stephen Tabiri, Joseph Yorke, Dion Morton, Aneel Bhangu, Bryar Kadir, Naveen Sharma, Punam Mistry, Joshua Arthur, Muneer A Malik, Tracy Roberts, Elisee Rwagahirima, Christian Urimubabo, Ewen Harrison, Vijay Kumar, Julia Brown, Pollyanna Hardy, Amit Mahajan, Pratik Solanki, James Glasbey, Himani Gupta, Omar Omar, Joana Simoes, Sivesh K Kamarajah, Adesoji Ademuyiwa, Felix Alakaloko, Olumide Elebute, Omolara Faboya, Justina Seyi-Olajide, Anita Thomas, David Lissauer, Zainab Imam, George Ihediwa, Zainab O Imam, Felix M Alakaloko, Pradeep Zechariah, Suraj Surendran, Olatunji O Lawal, Mohammed Adnan, Savleen Kaur, Faustin Ntirenganya, JC Allen Ingabire, Lawani Ismaïl, Emmy Runigamugabo, Djifid Morel Seto, Paul Wondoh, Charles Dally, Kwabena Agbedinu, Florence Dedey, Enoch Tackie, Frank Enoch Gyamfi, Anthony Davor, Akinlabi Ajao, Omobolaji Ayandipo, Olalekan Ajai, Mobolaji Oludara, Muhammad Daniyan, Danjuma Sale, Lawal Abdullahi, Olabisi Osagie, Adedeji Fatuga, Muzzammil Abdullahi, Manish Pathak, Prashant Singh, Rita Jain, Kwaku Boakye-Yiadom, Kazeem Atobatele, Ayokunle Ogunyemi, Olabode Oshodi, Christopher Bode, Omobolaji O Ayandipo, Akinlabi E Ajao, Godwin Akaba, Gabriella Hyman, Deepak Singh, Olukemi Akande, Sivesh Kathir Kamarajah, Naseem Akhtar, José A Flores, Donna Smith, Olatunji Lawal, Hadijat Olaide Raji, Zafar Khan, Matthew Francis, Emmanuel Williams, Pardeep Kumar, Oliver Samuel, María Paz Muñoz, Arun Chaturvedi, Sameer Gupta, Puneet Prakash, John Raphael, Funmilola Wuraola, Olalekan Olasehinde, Murlidhar V Pai, Deepak Jain, Anwar Sadat Seidu, Victor Ifeanyichukwu Modekwe, Jideofor Okechukwu Ugwu, Lukmon Amosu, Akan Inyang, Michael Amoah, Boateng Nimako, Dhruva Ghosh, Neil Winkles, Olabisi O Osagie, Karolin Kroese, Olubunmi Ogein, Mustapha Yakubu, Vasanth Mark Samuel, Cecil Thomas, Enono Yhoshu, Vishal Michael, William Bhatti, Swati Daniel, Jyoti Dhiman, Atul Suroy, Christopher O Bode, George C Ihediwa, Adaiah Soibi-Harry, Benedetto Osunwusi, Elizabeth Li, Sonia Mathai, Deepak Singla, Farhanul Huda, Aisha Mustapha, Anisah Yahya, Samuel Mensah, Puneet Pareek, Bernard Ofori, Souliath Lawani, Oluwafunmilayo Adeniyi, Opeyemi Rebecca Akinajo, Richard Ofosu-Akromah, Olumide Adeniyi, Adewale O. Adisa, Natacha Boumas, Fareeda Galley, Frank Enoch Gyamfi Parvez D Haque, Antonio Ramos de la Medina, Chukwuma Okereke, Ronald Tubasime, Felicity Brant, Sohini Chakrabortee, Parvez D Haque, Emily Heritage, Carmela Lapitan, Rachel Lillywhite, Pierre Sodonougbo, Pamphile Assouto, Michel Fiogbe, Houenoukpo Koco, Serge Metchinhoungbe, Hodonou Sogbo, Hulrich Behanzin, Yannick Tandje, Sosthène Kangni, Cyrile Kpangon, Marcelin Akpla, Hugues Herve Chobli, Blaise Kovohouande, Gérard Agboton, Rene Ahossi, Raoul Baderha Ngabo, Nathan Bisimwa, Covalic Melic Bokossa Kandokponou, Mireille Dokponou, Francis Moïse Dossou, Corinne Dzemta, Antoine Gaou, Roland Goudou, Emmanuel Hedefoun, Sunday Houtoukpe, Felix Kamga, Eric Kiki- Migan, Ismaïl Lawani, René Loko, Afissatou Moutaïrou, Pencome Ogouyemi, Fouad Soumanou, Pia Tamadaho, Mack-Arthur Zounon, Luke Aniakwo Adagrah, Bin Baaba Alhaji Alhassan, Mabel Pokuah Amoako-Boateng, Anthony Baffour Appiah, Alvin Asante-Asamani, Benedict Boakye, Samuel A Debrah, Donald Enti, Rahman Adebisi Ganiyu, Patience Koggoh, Richard Kpankpari, Isabella Naa M. Opandoh, Meshach Agyemang Manu, Maison Patrick Opoku Manu, Martin Tangnaa Morna, John Nkrumah, Michael Nortey, Emmanuel Owusu Ofori, Elizaberth Mercy Quartson, Esther Adjei-Acquah, Eric Agyemang Vera Agyekum, Rebecca Adjeibah Akesseh, Forster Amponsah-Manu, Ato Oppong Acquah, Leslie Issa Adam-Zakariah, Esther Asabre, Ruby Acheampong Boateng, Barbara Koomson, Ataa Kusiwaa, Emmanuel Yaw Twerefour, James Ankomah, Frank Assah-Adjei, Anthony Appiah Boakye, Godfred Fosu, Godwin Serbeh, Kofi Yeboah Gyan, Isaac Omane Nyarko, Zelda Robertson, Ralph Armah, Christopher Asare, Delali Akosua Gakpetor, Victoria Sena Gawu, Ambe Obbeng, Doris Ofosuhene, Dorcas Osei-Poku, Diana Puozaa, Arkorful Ebenezer Temitope, Regina Acquah, James Amoako, Akosua Dwamena Appiah, Mark Aseti, Charles Banka, Samuel Dadzie, Derick Essien, Romeo Hussey, Jemima Kwarteng, Naa Anyekaa Sowah, Grace Yeboah, Cynthia Yeboah, Kwame Gyambibi Addo, Enoch Appiah Akosa, Percy Boakye, Christian Larbi Coompson, Brian Gyamfi, Bismark Effah Kontor, Christian Kyeremeh, Ruth Manu, Elijah Mensah, Friko Ibrahim Solae, Gideon Kwasi Toffah, Dorcas Otuo Acheampong, Jane Acquaye, Michael Adinku, Anita Eseenam Agbeko, Emmanuel Gyimah Amankwa, George Amoah, Juliana Appiah, Alex Ayim, Emmanuel Kafui Ayodeji, Jonathan Boakye-Yiadom, Edward Amoah Boateng, Christian Kofi Gyasi-Sarpong, Naabo Nuhu Noel Hamidu, Iddrisu Haruna, Naa Kwarley, Agbenya Kobla Lovi, Bertina Beauty Nyadu, Dominic Opoku, Anita Osabutey, Robert Sagoe, Samuel Tuffour, Yaa Tufour, Francis Akwaw Yamoah, Abiboye Cheduko Yefieye, Nii Armah Adu-Aryee, Faisal Adjei, Erica Akoto, Elikem Ametefe, Joachim Kwaku Amoako, Godsway Solomon Attepor, George Darko Brown, Benjamin Fenu, Philemon Kwame Kumassah, David Olatayo Olayiwola, Theodore Wordui, Nelson Agboadoh, Fatao Abubakari, Cletus Ballu, Charles Gyamfi Barimah, Guy Casskey Boateng, Prosper Tonwisi Luri, Abraham Titigah, Frank Owusu, Raphael Adu-Brobbey, Abdul-Hamid Labaran, Junior Atta Owusu, Vivian Adobea, Amos Bennin, Fred Dankwah, Stanley Doe, Ruth Sarfo Kantanka, Ephraim Kobby, Kennedy Kofi Korankye Hanson Larnyor, Edwin Osei, Prince Yeboah Owusu, Clement Ayum Sie-Broni, Marshall Zume, Francis Atindaana Abantanga, Darling Ramatu Abdulai, Daniel Kwesi Acquah, Emmanuel Ayingayure, Imoro Osman, Sheba Kunfah, Gbana Limann, Shamudeen Alhassan Mohammed, Sheriff Mohammed, Yakubu Musah, Emmanuel Abem Owusu, Abdul-Hafiz Saba, Edwin Mwintiereh Ta-ang Yenli, Arun Gautham, Alice Hepzibah, Grace Mary, Dimple Bhatti, Karan Bir, Tapasya Dhar, Sunita Goyal, Goyal Ankush, Monika Hans, Parvez Haque, Samuel Konda, Anil Luther, Shalini Makkar, Kavita Mandrelle, Partho Mukherjee, Reuben Rajappa, Ravinder Thind, Alen Thomas, Arti Tuli, Sreejith Veetil, Esther Daniel Mark Jesudason, K Priyadarshini, Latha Madankumar, Rohin Mittal, Ida Nagomy, Rajesh Selvakumar, Bharat Shankar, Moonish Sivakumar, Rajeevan Sridhar, Devabalan Titus, Manisha Aggarwal, Parth Dhamija, Vinoth Kanna, Ashwani Kumar, Gurtaj Singh, Josy Thomas, Amos Dasari, Priya Jacob, Elizabeth Kurien, Arpit Mathew, Danita Prakash, Anju Susan, Rose Varghese, Rahul Alpheus, Ashish Choudhrie, Nitin Peters, Subrat Raul, Rakesh Vakil, Wenceslao Ángeles Bueno, Francisco Barbosa Camacho, Aldo Bernal Hernández, Ana Bogurin Arellano, Edgar Cortes Torres, Clotilde Fuentes Orozco, Erick González García de Rojas, Alejandro González Ojeda, Bertha Guzmán Ramírez, Michel Hernández Valadez, Diego Luna Acevedo, Rubén Morán Galaviz, Oscar Olvera Flores, José Pérez Navarro, Kevin Pintor Belmontes, Fernando Ramirez Marbello, Luis Ramírez-González, Laura Reyes Aguirre, Ramona Rojas García, Eduardo Valtierra Robles, Reyes Cervantes Ortiz, Gonzalo Hernandez Gonzalez, Rosa Hernandez Krauss, Luis Hernández Miguelena, Marco Hurtado Romero, Isaac Baltazar Gomez, Celina Cuellar Aguirre, Alejandro Cuevas Avendaño, Luis Dominguez Sansores, Hector Ortiz Mejia, Laura Urdapilleta Gomez del Campo, Claudia Caballero Cerdan, David Dominguez Solano, Rafael Toriz Garcia, Mariana Barreto Gallo, Ana Cortes Flores, Alejandro Gonzalez Ojeda, Monica Jimenez Velasco, Rozana Reyes Gamez, Roque Lincona Menindez, Alberto Navarrete Peón, Irani Durán Sánchez, Diana Gonzalez Vazquez, Maria Martínez Lara, Laura Martinez Perez Maldonado, Alejandra Nayen Sainz de la Fuente, Antonio Ramos De la Medina, Khadija Ado, Mohammed Aliyu, Lofty-John Anyanwu, Mahmoud Magashi, Abubakar Muhammad, Saminu Muhammad, Bello Muideen, Idris Takai, Onyekachi Ukata, Opeoluwa Adesanya, David Awonuga, Olushola Fasiku, Chidiebere Ogo, Moruf Abdulsalam, Abimbola Adeniran, Grace Eke, Esther Momson, Francisca Nwaenyi, Olufunmilade Omisanjo, Yusuf Oshodi, Yemisi Oyewole, Omotade Salami, Omolara Williams, Victoria Adeleye, Opeyemi Akinajo, David Akinboyewa, Iyabo Alasi, Oluwole Atoyebi, Olanrewaju Balogun, Orimisan Belie, Andrew Ekwesianya, Francis Ezenwankwo, Adesola Jimoh, Jubril Kuku, Oluwaseun Ladipo- Ajayi, Ayomide Makanjuola, Olayanju Mokwenyei, Samuel Nwokocha, Rufus Ojewola, Abraham Oladimeji, Thomas Olajide, Oluwaseun Oluseye, Aloy Ugwu, Ochomma Egwuonwu, Okechukwu Ekwunife, Victor Modekwe, Chukwuemeka Okoro, Chisom Uche, Kenneth Ugwuanyi, Chuka Ugwunne, Akeem Adeleke, Wilson Adenikinju, Akinfolarin Adepiti, Adewale Aderounmu, Abdulhafiz Adesunkanmi, Adewale Adisa, Samuel Ajekwu, Olusegun Ajenjfuja, Jerrie Akindojutimi, Akinbolaji Akinkuolie, Olusegun Alatise, Olubukola Allen, Micheal Archibong, Olukayode Arowolo, Deborah Ayantona, Ademola Ayinde, Olusegun Badejoko, Tajudeen Badmus, Amarachukwu Etonyeaku, Emeka Igbodike, Omotade Ijarotimi, Adedayo Lawal, Fayowole Nana, Tunde Oduanafolabi, Olaniyi Olayemi, Stephen Omitinde, Owolabi Oni, Chigozie Onyeze, Ernest Orji, Adewale Rotimi, Abdulkadir Salako, Olufemi Solaja, Oluwaseun Sowemimo, Ademola Talabi, Mohammed Tajudeen, Francis Adebayo, Oseremen Aisuodionoe- Shadrach, Lazarus Ameh, Ndubuisi Mbajiekwe, Felix Ogbo, Samson Olori, Samuel Sani Abu Sadiq, Nancy Tabuanu, Martins Uanikhoba, Godwin Chiejina, Ekpo Edet, Mary Isa, Faith Iseh, Adams Marwa, Sunday Ogbeche, Edima Olory, Gabriel Udie, Joseph Udosen, Usang Usang, Olukayode Abayomi, Rukiyat Abdus-Salam, Sikiru Adebayo, Olanrewaju Amusat, Kelvin Egbuchulem, Hyginus Ekwuazi, Peter Elemile, Taiwo Lawal, Solomon Olagunju, Peter Osuala, Bamidele Suleman, Augustine Takure, Lukman Abdur-Rahman, Nurudeen Adeleke, Muideen Adesola, Rafiat Afolabi, Sulaiman Agodirin, Isiaka Aremu, Jibril Bello, Saheed Lawal, Abdulwahab Lawal, Hadijat Raji, Olayinka Sayomi, Asimiyu Shittu, Jude Ede, Sebastian Ekenze, Vincent Enemuo, Matthew Eze, Uchechukwu Ezomike, Emmanuel Izuka, Okezie Mbadiwe, Ngozi Mbah, Uba Ezinne, Iweha Ikechukwu, Okoi Nnyonno, Philemon Okoro, Igwe Patrick, Oriji Vaduneme, Abhulimen Victor, Salathiel Kanyarukiko, Francine Mukaneza, Deborah Mukantibaziyaremye, Aphrodis Munyaneza, Gibert Ndegamiye, Ronald Tubasiime, Moses Dusabe, Emelyne Izabiriza, Hope Lydia Maniraguha, Christophe Mpirimbanyi, Josiane Mutuyimana, Olivier Mwenedata, Francine Uwizeyimana, Job Zirikana, Aime Dieudonne Hirwa, Elysee Kabanda, Salomee Mbonimpaye, Christine Mukakomite, Piolette Muroruhirwe, Georges Bucyibaruta, Gisele Juru Bunogerane, Sosthene Habumuremyi, Jean de Dieu Haragirimana, Alphonsine Imanishimwe, Violette Mukanyange, Emmanuel Munyaneza, Emmanuel Mutabazi, Isaie Ncogoza, Jeannette Nyirahabimana, Mary Augusta Adams, Richard Crawford, Chikwendu Jeffrey Ede, Maria Fourtounas, Morapedi Kwati, Mpho Nosipho Mathe, Ncamsile Anthea Nhlabathi, Hlengiwe Samkelisiwe Nxumalo, Paddy Pattinson, Nnosa Sentholang, Mmule Evelyn Sethoana, Maria Elizabeth Stassen, Laura Thornley, Cheryl Birtles, Mathete Ivy, Cynthia Mbavhalelo, Zain Ally, Abdus-sami Adewunmi, Maria Picciochi, Michael Bahrami-Hessari, Didier Ahogni Benin, Aristide Ahounou, K. Alassan Boukari, Oswald Gbehade, Thierry K Hessou, Sinama Nindopa, M.J. Bienvenue Nontonwanou, Nafissatou Orou Guessou, Arouna Sambo, Sorekou Victoire Tchati, Affisatou Tchogo, Semevo Romaric Tobome, Parfait Yanto, Isidore Gandaho, Armel Hadonou, Simplice Hinvo, Montcho Adrien Hodonou, Sambo Bio Tamou, Marie-Claire Kouroumta, Enrif Malade, Anne stredy Mkoh Dikao, Joel Nzuwa Nsilu, Nathan Bisimwa Mitima, Cyrille Kpangon, Stephane Laurent Loupeda, Mamonde Victorin Agbangla, Sena Emmanuel Hedefoun, Thierry Mavoha, Juvenal Ngaguene, Janvier Rugendabanga, Rish Romaric Soton, Martin Totin, Mouhamed Agbadebo, Irene Akpo, Hubert Dewamon, Martin Djeto, Aissatou Hada, Monsede Hollo, Albert Houndji, Anasthasie Houndote, Sylvestre Hounsa, Expedit Kpatchassou, Hugues Yome, Mohamed Moussa Alidou, Bonheur Dossou Yovo, Robert Guinnou, Souleymane Hamadou, Nabil Moussa, Boniface Cakpo, Lolyta Etchisse, Emery Hatangimana, Moise Muhindo, Katia Sanni, Agossou Barthelemy Yevide, Hermann Agossou, Fiston Basirwa Musengo, Bill Armstrong Alia, Arnaud Alitonou, Lucien Agbanda, Julien Attinon, Marcel Gbassi, Nounagnon Rene Hounsou, Derick Esssien, Yakubu Mustapha, Kojo Nunoo-Ghartey, Luke A Aniakwo, Margarey N M Adjei, Yvonne Adofo-Asamoah, Meshach M Agyapong, Thomas Agyen, Baba A B Alhassan, Mabel P Amoako-Boateng, Josephine Ashong, Joseph K Awindaogo, Benjamin B Brimpong, Makafui S C J K Dayie, Wendy W Ghansah, Jude E Gyamfi, Vincent Kudoh, Philip Mensah, Isabella N Morkor Opandoh, Martin T Morna, Emelia Odame, Emmanuel O Ofori, Sandra Quaicoo, Elizabert M Quartson, Cynthia Teye-Topey, Makafui Yigah, Safia Yussif, Vera O Agyekum-Gyimah, Eric Agyemang, Arko Akoto- Ampaw, Temitope E Arkorful, Moses A Dokurugu, Nanabanyin Essel, Aja Ijeoma, Emmanuel L Obiri, Karen N D Quarchey, Leslie Adam-Zakariah, Aaron B Andoh, Ruby A Boateng, Atta Kusiwaa, Adeline Naah, Ato Oppon-Acquah, Benjamin A Oppong, Emma A Agbowada, Ameley Akosua, O Lawrence Dorcas Acheampong, Frank E Gyamfi, Bertina B Nyadu, Samira Abdulai, Nii A Adu-Aryee, Joachim K Amoako, Nicholas T Aperkor, Wilfred K Asman, Godsway S Attepor, Antoinette A Bediako-Bowan, George D Brown, Victor K Etwire, Benjamin S Fenu, Philemon K Kumassah, Linda A Larbi-Siaw, Josephine Nsaful, David O Olatola, Sandra E Tsatsu, Iddrisu I A Abdul-Aziz, Johnson Akunyam, Gilbert A G Anasara, Charles G Barimah, Guy C Boateng, Ponala W Kwabena, Seidu M Kwarteng, Prosper T Luri, Kennedy Ngaaso, David K D Ogudi, Collins Kyeremeh, Clement Sie-Broni, Saba Abdul-Hafiz, Daniel K Acquah, Shamsudeen M Adams, Mohammed S Alhassan, Munira Amadu, Samuel A Asirifi, Martin Awe, Millicent Azanlerigu, Mathias K Dery, Yenli Edwin, Abantanga Atindaana Francis, Aloysius Maalekuu, Hawa Malechi, Ibrahim Mohammed, Kareem Mumuni, Bernard A Ofori, Jonathan I K Quansah, Napoleon Bellua Sam, Anwar S Seidu, Shekira Yahaya, Emmanuel Kojo Acquah, Jaabir Alhassan, Christian L Coompson, Addo K Gyambibi, Ametepe Jeffery-Felix, Bismark E Kontor, Gifty Naah, Carmen Noufuentes, Abraham Sakyi, Ramkaran Chaudhary, Sanjeev Misra, Dharma R Poonia, Kirti K Rathod, Mahaveer S Rodha, Nivedita Sharma, Subhash C Soni, Vaibhav K Varsheney, Jeevan R Vishnoi, Deepak K Garnaik, Manoj J Lokavarapu, Rohit Ranjan, Rajkumar K Seenivasagam, Shanky Singh, Raunak Verma, Suzan John, Jeffery A Kalyanapu, Ananta Kutma, Sanish Philips, Arun K Gautham, Deepak S Singh, Eunice S Abraham, Chetana Chetana, Prashant Dummala, Chinta S Gold, Jurgen Jacob, Jeremiah N Joseph, Elizabeth N Kurien, Priya Mary, Arpit J Mathew, Amy E Mathew, Danita D Prakash, Ashwin Sukumar, Niyah Syam, Alisha Bhatt, Dhruva N Ghosh, Ankush Goyal, Monika A Hans, Jyoti Jyoti, Karan Kumar, Vivin Daniel Sam, Ravinder Singh Thind, Sreejith K Veetil, Rahul Williams, D Sreekar, Esther R Daniel, Smitha E Jacob, Mark R Jesudason, Pushplatha Kumari, Soosan Prasad, Srujan Sharma, Moonish V Sivakumar, Paul Trinity, Sudheer Kanchodu, K Leshiini, Sundeep S Saluja, Ashok K Attri, Ishan Bansal, Monika Gureh, Simran Kapoor, Harmanjot Kaur, Simrandeep Singh, Viju John, Nivesh Agrawal, Uttkarsh Kumar, S Abhishek, Vikram Sehrawat, Gaurav Thami, Stanley Mathew, P S Prabhu, P T Sundeep, Shiv Rajan, Mohit Singh, Abhilasha Tripathi, Philip V Alexander, A Vijay, Moloti Kichu* Ismavel, Carolin V Solomi, Rahul A Alpheus, Ashish Victor Choudhrie, Rashmi Jacob Gunny, Susan Joseph, Nitin J Peters, Neha Pundir, Ram Samujh, Hafsa I Ahmed, Gowhar Aziz, Nisar A Chowdri, Rayees A Dar, Robindera Kour, Imtiyaz Mantoo, Asif Mehraj, Fazl Q Parray, Najmus Saqib, Zamir A Shah, Rauf A Wani, Komal Rautela, Nishu Singh, Priyanka Chowdhury, Sona Chowdhury, Pragyanmai Nayak, Bipradas Roy, Andrea S Alvarez Villaseñor, Kriscia V Ascencio Díaz, Victor J Avalos Herrera, Francisco J Barbosa, Elyoenai Bonilla Ahumada, Irma V Brancaccio, Miguel A Calderón, Guadalupe Castillo Cardiel, Guillermo A Cervantes, Gabino Cervantes Guevara, Enrique Cervantes Perez, Maria Chávez, Jonathan M Chejfec, Luis R Cifuentes, Ana O Cortés, Edgar J Cortes, Tania A Cueto, Andrea E Cueto, Esteban Cueva Martinez, Paulina Domínguez Barradas, Isaac Esparza Estrada, Paola Flores Becerril, Luis A García, Benjamín García Reyna, Eduardo Gómez Sánchez, Jaime L González, Eduardo González Espinoza, Fanny Y González, Cristhian S Guerrero, José A Guzmán, Bertha G Guzmán, Mario J Guzmán, DanielA Hérnandez Alva, SilviaA Ibarra Camargo, JuanC Ibarrola Peña, Martin Islas Torres, Jorge Jiménez Tornero, ZayraM Lara Pérez, Roberto Mares País, MelP Mellado Tellez, RobertoC Miranda Ackerman, Damián Mora Santana, Gilberto Morgan Villela, Rodrigo Nájar Hinojosa, Cesar Nuño Escobar, Itzel Ochoa Rodríguez, Angelica Ortega Barreiro, Jacqueline Osuna Rubio, Luis RPacheco Vallejo, VíctorH Pérez Bocanegra, JoseV Pérez Navarro, Francisco JPlascencia Posada, MaríaA Quirarte Hernández, LuisR Ramirez Gonzalez, Emilio AReyes Elizalde, EveliaV Romo Ascencio, Cornelio Ruelas Bravo, CarlosB Ruiz Velasco, JoséA Sánchez Martínez, Guillermo Sanchez Villaseñor, JoséI Sandoval Pulido, AlejandroG Serrano García, LuisO Suárez Carreón, JuanJ Tijerina Ávila, JesusO Vega Gastelum, MelissaL Vicencio Ramirez, MariaF Zarate Casas, CarlosJ Zuloaga, Fernández del Valle, JesusAntonion Aguilar Mata, MiguelAntonio Calderon Vanegas, RocioGuadalupe Cano Arias, Carlos Colunga Tinajero, Fernanda Diaz Samano, Fernando Duque Zepeda, BrendaVanessa Enriquez Barajas, Gerardo Gallardo Banuelos, MarijoseDe CristoGonzalez Calvillo, Francisco Ibanez Ortiz, Maryzela Lazo Ramirez, Gerardo Lopez Arroyo, LauraOlivia Montano Angeles, DavidGiovannyI Morales Iriarte, AngeloFernando Mortola Lomeli, Jose EstebanOrozco Navarro, Jaime Orozco Perez, Damaris Orozco Ramirez, LauraGabriela Pena Baolboa, Jesus Pizarro Lozano, Guillermo Yanowsky Reyes, Monica N Castillo, Ana CamilleG Dominguez, Dorihela H Mellado, Jesus FlavioM Morales, Luzdel CarmenM Namur, Jose AlbertoA Pesquera, LauraMartinez Perez Maldonado, Antonio RamosDe laMedina, Katya Bozada-Gutierrez, AnaFlorencia Casado-Zarate, Roberto Delano-Alonso, Jose Herrera-Esquivel, Mucio Moreno-Portillo, Mario Trejo-Avila, Roland Kevin CethorthFonseca, Edgard Efren LozadaHernandez, Bruno Crocco Quiros, JairoArturo Rodriguez Ramirez, Gabriela Ambriz-González, MitziR Becerra Moscoso, Ishtar Cabrera-Lozano, AnaB Calderón-Alvarado, FranciscoJ León-Frutos, ErickE Villanueva-Martínez, Aisha Abdullahi, Maimuna Abubakar, MohammedS Aliyu, Mudi Awaisu, Fadimatu Bakari, Abigail Olajumoke Balogun, Ahmad Bello, Kehinde Michael Duromola, Stephen G Gana, Mukoro Duke George, Justina Gimba, Isaac Gundu, Lambert Onahi Iji, Aminat O Jimoh, Afolabi K Koledade, Ahmad T Lawal, Bilkisu K Lawal, Stanley Emeka Nwabuoku, Oluseyi O Ogunsua, Ifeanyi Fidelis Okafor, Ethos Ike Okorie, Nasir Oyelowo, Ibrahim A Saidu, Tunde T Sholadoye, Ibrahim Sufyan, Musliu Adetola Tolani, Aliyu Muhammad Tukur, Ahmad Shehu Umar, Aminatu M Umar, Hajara Umaru-Sule, Mohammed Usman, Alfa Yakubu, Salisu Abeku Yusuf, Abdulhafiz A Abdulkarim, Lawal Barau Abdullahi, Khadija A Ado, Nura U Aliyu, Lofty-John Chukwuemeka Anyanwu, Sulaiman M Daneji, Mahmoud Kawu Magashi, Mohammad A Mohammad, Abubakar Bala Muhammad, Saminu S Muhammad, Bello Abodunde Muideen, Calistus U Nwachukwu, Suleiman B Sallau, Abdulrahman A Sheshe, Abdulmajeed Soladoye, Idris Usman Takai, Garzali I Umar, Abubakar Yahaya, Lubabatu Abdulrasheed, Joel A Adze, Lydia R Airede, Bashiru Aminu, Stephen B Bature, Firdaws Bello-Tukur, Damai Chinyio, SharonA N Duniya, Moses C Galadima, Babatunde K Hamza, Samaila Joshua, Stephen A Kache, Williams Y Kagomi, Ifeanyi A Kene, Jamila Lawal, Jerry G Makama, Caleb Mohammed, Amina A Mohammed-Durosinlorun, Deborah Nuwam, Abdulrasheed Sani, Salome Tabara, Mathew C Taingson, Emmanuel Usam, Josiah Yakubu, Folasade Adegoke, Oluwasuyi Ige, Tunde A Odunafolabi, Chukwuma E Okereke, Oluwafemi O Oladele, Oluwaseun H Olaleye, Oyetunde O Olubayo, Olukayode P Abiola, Henry O Abiyere, Idowu O Adebara, GbadeboT C Adeleye, Adebayo A Adeniyi, Olumide E Adewara, Olabisi T Adeyemo, Ademola A Adeyeye, Abimbola L Ariyibi, Babatunde S Awoyinka, Olumide M Ayankunle, Olakunle F Babalola, Adewumi Bakare, TajudeenI B Bakare, Oluseyi O Banjo, Peter A Egharevba, Oluwafemi S Fatudimu, John A Obateru, Oluremi J Odesanya, Owolabi D Ojo, Abiodun I Okunlola, Cecilia K Okunlola, Adewale T Olajide, Tesleem O Orewole, Adedayo I Salawu, Moruf A Abdulsalam, Aderinsola T Adelaja, Olalekan T Ajai, Noble Anyanwu, Kazeem M Atobatele, Oludayo Oluwaseyi Bakare, Omolara M Faboya, Francisca C Nwaenyi, Ayokunle A Ogunyemi, Mobolaji A Oludara, Olufunmilade A Omisanjo, Chinonso U Onyeka, Olabode A Oshodi, Yusuf A Oshodi, Omotade S Salami, Omolara M Williams, Esther Abunimye, Adebunmi Adeoluwa, Adedotun Adesiyakan, Victoria Ibukunoluwa Adeyeye, Moses Vincent Agbulu, David O Akinboyewa, Iyabo O Alasi, Michael Amao, Christiana Ashley-Osuzoka, Oluwole A Atoyebi, Olanrewaju S Balogun, Maryam Oluwatobi Busari, Nnamdi Jonathan Duru, Glory Bassey Edet, Olumide A Elebute, Francis Chinonso Ezenwankwo, Adedeji L Fatuga, Christianah Gbenga-Oke, Emmanuel Sylvester Inyang, Adesola I Jimoh, Jubril Oladayo Kuku, OluwaseunA Ladipo-Ajayi, Abdulrazzaq O Lawal, Christian Chigoze Makwe, Chinelo Victoria Mgbemena, Samuel U Nwokocha, Moses Adebisi Ogunjimi, Ephraim Okwudiri Ohazurike, Rufus W Ojewola, Moyosoluwa Eunice Badedale, Chike J Okeke, Adeyemi A Okunowo, Abraham T Oladimeji, Thomas O Olajide, Olabisi Olanrewaju, Olawunmi Olayioye, Oluwaseun O Oluseye, Stephen Olutola, Kenneth Onyekachi, Adeola Ayoola Orowale, Emili Osariemen, Adedapo Olumide Osinowo, Emmanuel Owie, Christianah Bidemi Oyegbola, Justina OSeyi-Olajide, AdaiahP Soibi-Harry, Manuella Talla Timo, Aloy Okechukwu Ugwu, Emmanuel Ojo Williams, Innocent O Duruewuru, Ochonma A Egwuonwu, Okechukwu Hyginus Ekwunife, James J Emeka, Chimdiebele Daisy Nwosu, Sylvester O Obiechina, Ahuizechukwu E Obiesie, Celestine I Okafor, Theophilus O Okonoboh, Odili A Okoye, Onyekachi A Onu, Chukwudubem C Onyejiaka, Chisom Faith Uche, JosephO Ugboajah, Akeem A Adeleke, Akinfolarin C Adepiti, Adewale A Aderounmu, Abdulhafiz O Adesunkanmi, Adewale O Adisa, Samuel C Ajekwu, Olusegun K Ajenifuja, Olusegun I Alatise, Tajudeen A Badmus, Tajudeen O Mohammed, Abdulkadir A Salako, Oludayo A Sowande, Ademola O Talabi, Funmilola O Wuraola, Paul Aderemi Adegoke, Abidemi Akinloye, Ayodeji Akinniyi, Joseph Ejimogu, Ideyonbe Samuel Eseile, Olakayode Olaolu Ogundoyin, Amos Okedare, Dare Isaac Olulana, Omolara Omotola, Francis Sanwo, Collins C Adumah, Adewale O Ajagbe, Olugbenga P Akintunde, Opeyemi Q Asafa, Kehinde Awodele, Amogu K Eziyi, Adeniyi O Fasanu, Olufemi O Ojewuyi, Abiodun R Ojewuyi, Abisola E Oyedele, Oluwaseun A Taiwo, Habiba I Abdullahi, Nathaniel D Adewole, Teddy E Agida, Eunice E Ailunia, Oseremen Aisuodionoe-Shadrach, Godwin O Akaba, Janet Alfred, Terkaa Atim, Kehinde G Bawa, John Y Chinda, Esther B Daluk, Sefiu B Eniola, Augusta O Ezenwa, Stephen E Garba, Philip M Mshelbwala, Ngozi O Ndukwe, Idoko P Ogolekwu, Alexander A Ohemu, Samuel A Sani, Salisu Suleiman, Helen Sunday, Nancy O Tabuanu, Aminu M Umar, Peter I Agbonrofo, Alexander I Arekhandia, Morrison E Edena, Raymond A Eghonghon, Joel E Enaholo, Genesis Ida, Stanley N Ideh, Oseihie I Iribhogbe, Omorodion O Irowa, Maradona E Isikhuemen, Oluwatomi R Odutola, Kester O Okoduwa, Scott O Omorogbe, David Oruade, Osasumwen T Osagie, Osarenkhoe Osemwegie, RukiyatA Abdus-Salam, Sikiru Adekola Adebayo, Oluwasanmi A Ajagbe, Gboyega Ajibola, Kelvin I Egbuchulem, Hyginus O Ekwuazi, Adegbolahan Fakoya, Oluwasegun C Idowu, David O Irabor, Taiwo A Lawal, Olakayode O Ogundoyin, Oluwabukade Ojediran, Naomi Olagunju, Akinsola T Sanusi, Augustine O Takure, Lukman Olajide Abdur-Rahman, Mary Oluwadamilola Adebisi, Nurudeen Abiola Adeleke, Rafiat Tinuola Afolabi, Isiaka Ishola Aremu, Jibril Oyekunle Bello, Robiat Bello, Saheed Abolade Lawal, Adeolu Ojajuni, Sabur Oyewale, Victor Abhulimen, Patrick O Igwe, Ikechukwu Enyinnaya Iweha, Raphael E John, Nnyonno Okoi, Philemon E Okoro, Vaduneme Kingsley Oriji, Ibiene T Oweredaba, Japhet Mizero, Immaculee Mutimamwiza, Francoise Nirere, Irenee Niyongombwa, Jean Paul Majyabere, Anastase Byaruhanga, Rongin Dukuzimana, Jean Aimable Habiyakare, Marie Gloriose Nabada, Marcel Uwizeye, Mathias Ruhosha, Joselyne Igiraneza, Faustine Ingabire, Aloys Karekezi, Jean pierre Masengesho, Lydia Mukamazera, Clemence Mukangabo, Jean Paul Niyomuremyi, Gabriel Ntwari, Celestin Seneza, Divine Umuhoza, Pierrine Nyirangeri, Jean Claude Uwimana, Isaie Sibomana, Desire Rubanguka, Josine Umuhoza, Roda Uwayezu, Leoncie Uzikwambara, Herbert Butana, Moise Dusabeyezu, Athanasie Mukasine, Jean N Utumatwishima, Mediatrice Batangana, Jeande Dieu Haragirimana, AllenJ C Ingabire, Espoir Mwungura, Dancilla Nyirasebura, Christian Jean Urimubabo, Anaclet Dusabimana, Sam Kanyesigye, Robert Munyaneza, Jean Yves Shyirakera, Aimee Domingo, Philip Munda, Chido Nyatsambo, Victor Ojo, Rudo Pswarayi, and Soeren Laurberg
Subjects: Medicine (General), R5-920, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

16. Analysis of the Relationship between Corporate Branding and Sales Revenue during COVID 19 Pandemic

Author: Mosie C. C. Molate, Collins C. Ngwakwe, and Nebbel K. Motubatse
Subjects: Competitive Advantage, Corporate Branding, Pandemic, Sales Revenue, Management. Industrial management, HD28-70, Business, HF5001-6182
Abstract: Firm internal resources have been found to influence business survival and profitability during times of crisis. This study aims to examine the relationship between corporate branding and sales revenue of multinational companies during COVID-19 pandemic. This study is based on a quantitative approach and draws on a sample of 74 global companies from various industries that the financial times ranked as prospering during the COVID-19 pandemic. The secondary data were collected from the annual financial statements of sampled companies from 2019 to 2021 and analysed using multiple regression analysis. The findings indicate that the relationship between corporate branding and sales revenue is positive, albeit statistically insignificant. These findings indicate that while corporate branding may not have a significant effect on sales revenue during economic downturn, it is vital for firms to embrace corporate branding as a resource to enhance sales revenue sustainability and thus improve profitability during crisis times such as the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings have important implication for branding managers and strategic managers in understanding the role of corporate branding in sustaining competitive advantage. Also, firms that were not prospering during COVID-19 crisis may include the investment in corporate branding in their crisis management plan and maximising firm success in the face of different environmental conditions. The results may offer an agenda for further research.
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

17. Smallholder farmers’ coping and adaptation strategies to climate change: Evidence from a bibliometric analysis

Author: Collins C. Okolie, Oluwasola T. Ogunleye, Gideon Danso-Abbeam, Abiodun A. Ogundeji, and Ágoston Restás
Subjects: Climate change, Coping strategies, Adaptation strategies, Smallholder farmers, Bibliometric analysis, Environmental sciences, GE1-350
Abstract: Climate change threatens smallholder farmers' productivity, revenue generation, and increases household food insecurity. Thus, adaptation and coping strategies are paramount for smallholder farming households to mitigate these impacts of climate change. This study used a bibliometric analysis to examine smallholder farmers’ coping and adaptation strategies to climate change (SFCA-SCC) research trends from 2010 to 2022. A total of 1635 papers were analysed from Scopus and Web of Science (WoS) databases to characterize the field and observe research trends. The articles from these databases demonstrate an upward trend in publications (54–300) over the period under study, signifying the importance of research on adaptation and coping strategies of climate change. The research findings showed that majority of studies originated from institutions in industrialized countries, while very few did so from emerging economies. According to the findings, smallholder farmers have embraced a range of adaptation and coping mechanisms to mitigate the impacts of climate change, such as altering planting schedules, and diversifying crop varieties among others. It is imperative for African researchers and institutions to engage in more research aimed at developing strategies to mitigate the risks posed by climate change.
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

18. The Effect of Clean Energy Financial Investment on Carbon Reduction

Author: Collins C. Ngwakwe
Subjects: environmental sustainability, renewable energy, carbon emission, financial investment, accounting and finance tools, Accounting. Bookkeeping, HF5601-5689, Finance, HG1-9999
Abstract: Accounting and finance are intricately intertwined with the global quest for environmental sustainability by applying accounting and finance tools for carbon reduction initiatives. Clean energy financial investment is one of the many alternative tools through which accounting contributes to carbon reduction. Accordingly, this paper analysed the impact of separate and integrated clean energy investment alternatives on carbon reduction. Data on clean energy financial investment and carbon emission per capita were collected from the International Energy Agency (IEA) and Our World in Data archives, respectively. Data was analysed by using multiple pooled OLS to evaluate the impact of individual clean energy financial investments on carbon reduction and the impact of integrating the various clean energy financial investment alternatives on carbon reduction separately. Findings show that individual clean energy financial investments may not separately offer desired carbon reduction, hence, albeit some negative coefficients, individual clean investments showed no significant impact on carbon reduction. However, furthering the test by pooling all the clean energy financial investment alternatives shows a significant negative effect of clean energy financial investment on carbon reduction at a P-value of 0.05. This shows that an integration of different alternatives of clean energy financial investment may offer an enhanced reduction of carbon emission, which outweighs the effect of relying on a single clean energy investment alternative. The findings offer significant insight for policy makers’ future strategies towards a combination of multiple clean energy financial investments. Furthermore, the findings from this paper are a further testament that accounting and finance are connected with the global quest for environmental sustainability through the application of accounting and financial investment tools in conducting clean energy financial investment.
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

19. The Relationship between Corporate Environmental Performance and Suppliers’ Credit Lending

Author: Witness Siwela and Collins C. Ngwakwe
Subjects: environmental performance, supply chain, stakeholders, credit lending, supply chain member, Accounting. Bookkeeping, HF5601-5689, Finance, HG1-9999
Abstract: Green supply chain management has gained traction in contemporary times against many environmental catastrophes and scandals involving prominent companies. Despite the strides made by lawmakers to address such challenges, an increasing number of corporations overlook environmental issues such as global warming, ecological concerns, reverse logistics, and global energy. Notwithstanding the contributions in prior studies, to the best of researchers’ knowledge, no study has sought to link corporate environmental performance with suppliers’ credit lending practices. Yet policymakers seek to develop regulations that incorporate the understanding of the collaboration among the supply chain members. Thus, we seek to establish the short-run and long-run dynamics between corporate environmental performance and suppliers’ credit lending. Targeting companies listed in the FTSE/JSE RII, we draw a sample of 21 companies using a judgemental sampling technique. Furthermore, archival data were collected to compute a short panel data set. The panel data set for statistical analysis comprised 21 cross-sections over six years, totalling 126 observations. The study adopted the first differenced econometric models in data analyses, namely Panel Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) and, subsequently, Panel Least Squares (PLS), Wald Test, and Impulse Response Functions (IRF). Findings indicated a statistically significant positive relationship exists in the long run between corporate environmental performance and suppliers’ credit lending. Conversely, the same endogenous variables produced a statistically significant negative relationship in the short run. The study contributes new insights to supply chain management literature and renders novel policy implications for lawmakers.
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

20. Differential Effect of Advertising Frequency on Sales Turnover and Ads to Sales Ratio

Author: Collins C Ngwakwe
Subjects: accounting ratio, Ads to Sales Ratio, sales turnover, advertising and finance, repeated Ads, Business, HF5001-6182, Finance, HG1-9999
Abstract: This paper analysed the differential impact of repeated advertising on sales turnover and the attendant effect on accounting Ads to Sales ratio. The paper adopts a quantitative approach and collects marketing and promoting expenditure data (as proxy for Ads activity) from Amazon Company for twenty years (2003 – 2022). The data was analysed by using the t-test of mean difference statistics and a simple regression. The t-test analysis showed that the Ads to sales ratio had a significant increase between two periods of comparison (2003-2012 and 2013-2022); in the same vein, there was a significant increase in mean net sales value by up to nine hundred percent – an increase which dwarfs the hundred percent increases in the Ads to sales ratio over the period. Furthermore, a simple regression analysis shows that marketing expenditures (used as proxy for Ads activity) produced a highly significant positive effect on net sales at a P-value of less than P
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

21. On the fate of the secondary white dwarf in double-degenerate double-detonation Type Ia supernovae

Author: Pakmor, R., Callan, F. P., Collins, C. E., de Mink, S. E., Holas, A., Kerzendorf, W. E., Kromer, M., Neunteufel, P. G., O'Brien, John T., Roepke, F. K., Ruiter, A. J., Seitenzahl, I. R., Shingles, Luke J., Sim, S. A., and Taubenberger, S.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: The progenitor systems and explosion mechanism of Type Ia supernovae are still unknown. Currently favoured progenitors include double-degenerate systems consisting of two carbon-oxygen white dwarfs with thin helium shells. In the double-detonation scenario, violent accretion leads to a helium detonation on the more massive primary white dwarf that turns into a carbon detonation in its core and explodes it. We investigate the fate of the secondary white dwarf, focusing on changes of the ejecta and observables of the explosion if the secondary explodes as well rather than survives. We simulate a binary system of a $1.05\,\mathrm{M_\odot}$ and a $0.7\,\mathrm{M_\odot}$ carbon-oxygen white dwarf with $0.03\,\mathrm{M_\odot}$ helium shells each. We follow the system self-consistently from inspiral to ignition, through the explosion, to synthetic observables. We confirm that the primary white dwarf explodes self-consistently. The helium detonation around the secondary white dwarf, however, fails to ignite a carbon detonation. We restart the simulation igniting the carbon detonation in the secondary white dwarf by hand and compare the ejecta and observables of both explosions. We find that the outer ejecta at $v~>~15\,000$\,km\,s$^{-1}$ are indistinguishable. Light curves and spectra are very similar until $\sim~40\,\mathrm{d}$ after explosion and the ejecta are much more spherical than violent merger models. The inner ejecta differ significantly slowing down the decline rate of the bolometric light curve after maximum of the model with a secondary explosion by $\sim20$ per cent. We expect future synthetic 3D nebular spectra to confirm or rule out either model., Comment: 12 pages, 7 figures, accepted to MNRAS, comments welcome
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

22. Preparing for low surface brightness science with the Vera C. Rubin Observatory: characterisation of tidal features from mock images

Author: Martin, G., Bazkiaei, A. E., Spavone, M., Iodice, E., Mihos, J. C., Montes, M., Benavides, J. A., Brough, S., Carlin, J. L., Collins, C. A., Duc, P. A., Gómez, F. A., Galaz, G., Hernández-Toledo, H. M., Jackson, R. A., Kaviraj, S., Knapen, J. H., Martínez-Lombilla, C., McGee, S., O'Ryan, D., Prole, D. J., Rich, R. M., Román, J., Shah, E. A., Starkenburg, T. K., Watkins, A. E., Zaritsky, D., Laigle, C., Pichon, C., Armus, L., Bianconi, M., Buitrago, F., Busá, I., Davis, F., Demarco, R., Desmons, A., García, P., Graham, A. W., Holwerda, B., Hon, D. S. -H., Khalid, A., Klehammer, J., Klutse, D. Y., Lazar, I., Nair, P., Noakes-Kettel, E. A., Rutkowski, M., Saha, K., Sahu, N., Sola, E., Vázquez-Mata, J. A., Vera-Casanova, A., and Yoon, I.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract: Tidal features in the outskirts of galaxies yield unique information about their past interactions and are a key prediction of the hierarchical structure formation paradigm. The Vera C. Rubin Observatory is poised to deliver deep observations for potentially of millions of objects with visible tidal features, but the inference of galaxy interaction histories from such features is not straightforward. Utilising automated techniques and human visual classification in conjunction with realistic mock images produced using the NEWHORIZON cosmological simulation, we investigate the nature, frequency and visibility of tidal features and debris across a range of environments and stellar masses. In our simulated sample, around 80 per cent of the flux in the tidal features around Milky Way or greater mass galaxies is detected at the 10-year depth of the Legacy Survey of Space and Time (30-31 mag / sq. arcsec), falling to 60 per cent assuming a shallower final depth of 29.5 mag / sq. arcsec. The fraction of total flux found in tidal features increases towards higher masses, rising to 10 per cent for the most massive objects in our sample (M*~10^{11.5} Msun). When observed at sufficient depth, such objects frequently exhibit many distinct tidal features with complex shapes. The interpretation and characterisation of such features varies significantly with image depth and object orientation, introducing significant biases in their classification. Assuming the data reduction pipeline is properly optimised, we expect the Rubin Observatory to be capable of recovering much of the flux found in the outskirts of Milky Way mass galaxies, even at intermediate redshifts (z<0.2)., Comment: 29 pages, 25 figures; accepted for publication in MNRAS following minor corrections
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

23. Socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of patients at screening for an international collaborative free paediatric surgical outreach in Sagamu, Nigeria

Author: Ogundele, Ibukunolu O, Amosu, Lukmon O, Shotayo, Oluwakemi A, Haitham, Dagash, Nwokoro, Collins C, Fatungase, Olubunmi M, Adeyinka, Timothy, Soyemi, R.O., Badru, Faidah O., Ajayi, Adekunle O., Ogundele, Olubukola I., Emmanuel, Ayodele E., Ashok, Rajinwale, and Robin, Petroze T.
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

24. Smallholder farmers’ coping and adaptation strategies to climate change: Evidence from a bibliometric analysis

Author: Okolie, Collins C., Ogunleye, Oluwasola T., Danso-Abbeam, Gideon, Ogundeji, Abiodun A., and Restás, Ágoston
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

25. On Designing a Near Infrared Dorsal Hand Vein Authentication System

Author: Collins C. Rakowski and Thirimachos Bourlai
Subjects: Dorsal hand vein biometrics, biometric verification, image alignment, near-infrared imaging, Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering, TK1-9971
Abstract: Dorsal hand vein patterns have gained prominence as a reliable biometric modality for verifying and identifying individuals. They offer a significant alternative to other well-known biometric modalities such as face, iris, or fingerprints, providing unique advantages in terms of security and privacy. While multiple researchers are engaged in this biometric research area, dorsal hand vein-based recognition systems, involving knuckle alignment and matching algorithms, exhibit a distinct set of limitations that motivated our work. Thus, this paper introduces an innovative knuckle alignment method tailored for processing near-infrared (NIR) imaging of dorsal hand vein images, aiming to enhance the precision and robustness of such a biometric system. Our newly proposed efficient knuckle alignment method addresses the variability in hand positioning during capturing. It utilizes the entire dorsal hand vein image without necessitating the extraction of specific regions of interest. Our knuckle alignment method ensures greater consistency across varied samples in terms of alignment accuracy and reduces intra-class variability, which significantly enhances the accuracy and reliability of the resulting biometric system. To evaluate the efficacy of our proposed approach, we conduct comparative analyses among automated, computer vision-based, and traditional manual-based alignment methods. Experimental results demonstrate that by standardizing image orientation, the proposed automated approach improves system performance. In addition, the proposed automated approach is expected to offer substantial benefits in terms of scalability and operational efficiency without compromising the high precision typically associated with manual techniques. Our method yields a verification accuracy score of 99.07% on the JLU dataset and 99.90% on the DHV dataset, which is higher than the competition. These findings underscore the potential of our proposed knuckle alignment method to serve as a valuable tool in the ongoing development and optimization of dorsal hand vein authentication systems.
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

26. On Enhancing Crack Semantic Segmentation Using StyleGAN and Brownian Bridge Diffusion

Author: Collins C. Rakowski and Thirimachos Bourlai
Subjects: StyleGAN, DeepLabV3+, synthetic data generation, hyperparameter tuning, Brownian bridge diffusion model, semantic segmentation, Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering, TK1-9971
Abstract: Inspection for cracks is an essential yet labor-intensive aspect of maintenance for structures in active service bridges. Deep learning networks, combined with an abundance of segmented image data representing various types of cracks, enable the development of a computer vision-based solution. Often, segmentation data is scarce and requires a great deal of time to annotate. This paper introduces a novel approach to structural crack detection using synthetic data generation and advanced semantic segmentation models. We employ StyleGAN3 and the Brownian Bridge Diffusion Model (BBDM) to create a diverse and realistic dataset of synthetic structural crack images, addressing the critical challenge of creating segmentation data in training deep learning models for crack detection. Our methodology is based upon the DeepLabV3+, i.e., a semantic segmentation architecture that builds on DeepLabv3 by adding a simple yet effective decoder module to enhance segmentation results. The original DeepLabV3+ model is insufficient and thus, we first perform a meticulous hyperparameter tuning, which is responsible for about a 10% increase in overall performance. Next, we generate multiple image-to-image translations with BBDMs synthetic datasets and pair them with a set of fine-selected data augmentation techniques, including motion, zoom, and defocus blur, to improve crack segmentation performance. When compared to the state-of-the-art latest work on the same database that achieved an accuracy of 61.49%, our proposed work attains a Mean Intersection over Union (MeanIoU) accuracy of 65.62% through ensemble modeling on multiple synthesized datasets, employing a majority voting strategy. We also showcase the potential of diffusion models in synthetically generated datasets that elevate semantic segmentation accuracy and introduce blur augmentation as a viable technique for enhancing model robustness. The results indicate that our approach not only surpasses conventional methods in terms of MeanIoU but also offers a new avenue of research into diffusion-model-based synthetic image generation for improved semantic segmentation performance.
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

27. The XMM Cluster Survey analysis of the SDSS DR8 redMaPPer Catalogue: Implications for scatter, selection bias, and isotropy in cluster scaling relations

Author: Giles, P. A., Romer, A. K., Wilkinson, R., Bermeo, A., Turner, D. J., Hilton, M., Upsdell, E. W., Rooney, P. J., Bhargava, S., Ebrahimpour, L., Farahi, A., Mann, R. G., Manolopoulou, M., Mayers, J., Vergara, C., Viana, P. T. P., Collins, C. A., Hollowood, D., Jeltema, T., Miller, C. J., Nichol, R. C., Noorali, R., Splettstoesser, M., and Stott, J. P.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: In this paper we present the X-ray analysis of SDSS DR8 redMaPPer (SDSSRM) clusters using data products from the $XMM$ Cluster Survey (XCS). In total, 1189 SDSSRM clusters fall within the $XMM$-Newton footprint. This has yielded 456 confirmed detections accompanied by X-ray luminosity ($L_{X}$) measurements. Of the detected clusters, 382 have an associated X-ray temperature measurement ($T_{X}$). This represents one of the largest samples of coherently derived cluster $T_{X}$ values to date. Our analysis of the X-ray observable to richness ($\lambda$) scaling relations has demonstrated that scatter in the $T_{X}-\lambda$ relation is roughly a third of that in the $L_{X}-\lambda$ relation, and that the $L_{X}-\lambda$ scatter is intrinsic, i.e. will not be significantly reduced with larger sample sizes. Our analysis of the scaling relation between $L_{X}$ and $T_{X}$ has shown that the fits are sensitive to the selection method of the sample, i.e. whether the sample is made up of clusters detected "serendipitously" compared to those deliberately targeted by $XMM$. These differences are also seen in the $L_{X}-\lambda$ relation and, to a lesser extent, in the $T_{X}-\lambda$ relation. Exclusion of the emission from the cluster core does not make a significant impact to the findings. A combination of selection biases is a likely, but as yet unproven, reason for these differences. Finally, we have also used our data to probe recent claims of anisotropy in the $L_{X}-T_{X}$ relation across the sky. We find no evidence of anistropy, but stress that this may be masked in our analysis by the incomplete declination coverage of the SDSS DR8 sample., Comment: 23 pages, 20 figures, Accepted for publication to MNRAS
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

28. Women Parliamentary Representation in Africa and Growth of Women Businesses

Author: Collins C Ngwakwe and Mamoloko Rachidi
Subjects: women in parliament, democracy, normative theory, politics of presence, descriptive representation, Political institutions and public administration (General), JF20-2112
Abstract: The connection between women representation in parliament and the extent of substantive representation of women’s interest remains ambiguous. Objective: this paper aims to understand if women representation in African parliament catalyses growth in women business ownership in Africa. Prior work: the paper inclines on the normative theory of democracy and the theory of politics of presence through the lens of descriptive or substantive representation. Approach: The paper’s method is both theoretical and quantitative. It uses a cross-sectional secondary data for women in parliament and women ownership of businesses for a sample of 26 African countries, through the application of simple regression analysis. Result: The regression result, which emerges at P>0.05 indicates that within the confines of the 26 African countries used as the sample, women's representations in these African parliaments have not catalysed a significant effect on women’s business ownership in Africa. Implications: The paper provides policy and academic implication as an academic study material in university administration and development classes and for women political manifesto guide. It also provides an agenda for further research. Value: The paper contributes to the political theory of presence by ushering a different result linked to women’s business interests based on an African sample. The paper also contributes a framework and suggests a new concept of inquiry for additional gender equality advocacy, namely the inclusion of women-in-women advocacy for political participation and women’s interest.
Published: 2023

29. The Effect of Exchange Rates on Consumer Price Index

Author: Joseph Musandiwa and Collins C. Ngwakwe
Subjects: consumer price index, exchange rate, savings and investment, inflation, monetary policy, Accounting. Bookkeeping, HF5601-5689, Finance, HG1-9999
Abstract: The consumer price index (CPI) is a crucial economic indicator of consumer price inflation, which has an attendance effect on the extent of savings and, hence, on investment capacity. The literature contains different opinions on the relationship between exchange rate and consumer price index; however, given the uniqueness of each country’s economic environment, it became apposite to focus the bearing of this paper on the South African economic context. Thus, this paper evaluates the effect of currency exchange rates on the consumer price index in South Africa. Time series data on CPI and exchange rates were drawn from the Fusion Media investment database and were analysed using the OLS regression. For the independent variables exchange rate, which is the Rand price against the Dollar, the authors applied lagg-2 given the assumption that exchange rate differences might take up to two months to affect the consumer price index. The authors’ assumption draws from the findings of eminent scholars, which indicate that, given sufficient time, changes in domestic prices would fully compensate for exchange rate adjustments. The analysis showed that exchange rate changes significantly and positively affect CPI within the data’s boundaries. The findings offer academic and practical implications for understanding the theoretical short-term period effect of the exchange rate on the consumer price index within the South African setting and for practical economic policy application for advanced policies to cushion potential negative effects on savings and investment. The paper provides an agenda for further study of the application of expanded time series to evaluate the effect of currency exchange rates on CPI over a longer period to unravel a theoretical difference between the short-term and long-term implications of exchange rates on CPI.
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

30. Corporate Social Responsibility, Benefits beyond Legitimacy: A Symbiotic Framework

Author: Collins C Ngwakwe
Subjects: corporate social responsibility, legal csr, normative csr, beyond legitimacy, symbiotic existence, legitimacy theory, Accounting. Bookkeeping, HF5601-5689, Finance, HG1-9999
Abstract: The 21st-century social and political environment has continued to evolve and heightens the demand for organisations to provide accountability for the sustainability operations of their businesses. Accordingly, organisations are committing to diverse strategic efforts to provide disclosures on their social and environmental actions to the society and environment where they operate. Corporate social responsibility (CSR) has received support and criticism since its emergence in the corporate realm. This paper aims to portray CSR as beyond mere symbolic legitimacy and propose a corporate-society symbiotic existential framework. The research approach is a critical literature analysis and conceptual framework development. The results show that the corporate and the society co-exist in a reciprocal relationship. Thus, the implication is that some CSR may be more than symbolic legitimacy with potential benefits derivable from committed transparent and pragmatic CSR, which can encourage companies to shift away from symbolic CSR tendencies. The paper recommends the need for organisations to operationalise CSR practices and policy as this has a propensity to enhance corporate legitimate standing, which will assist in reducing business risks and enhance the potential for profit in the long run. In addition, this discourse may be helpful for business schools in their academic studies about CSR and legitimacy theory and would also assist in CSR regulatory initiatives. The value of the paper hinges on the proposed novel framework for corporate-society symbiotic existence, which provides an agenda for future research study and expansion therein. This framework may lead to multiples of modelling in future CSR and corporate governance studies and may also assist in narrowing the gap between legal and normative CSR.
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

31. A Differential Effect of Research Teaching Innovation on Dissertation Completion Rate and Pass Mark at TGSL

Author: Ngwakwe Collins C. and Lewis Janine
Subjects: teaching innovation, teaching agency, academic writing, teaching research writing, dissertation writing, inclusive teaching, teaching and learning, Social sciences (General), H1-99
Abstract: This research examines the differential effect of research-writing teaching innovation on proposal and dissertation completion rates at the Turfloop Graduate School of Leadership (TGSL). The method combined a review with a longitudinal quantitative secondary data design. The data on proposal and dissertation completion rates were compared using a t-test statistics. Findings show that at an alpha level of 0.05, a significant difference (at P
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

32. Reconstructing a Fine Resolution Landscape of Annual Gross Primary Product (1895–2013) with Tree-Ring Indices

Author: Hang Li, James H. Speer, Collins C. Malubeni, and Emma Wilson
Subjects: gross primary product, tree-ring indices, Midwest U.S., GIS, random forest regression, Science
Abstract: Low carbon management and policies should refer to local long-term inter-annual carbon uptake. However, most previous research has only focused on the quantity and spatial distribution of gross primary product (GPP) for the past 50 years because most satellite launches, the main GPP data source, were no earlier than 1980. We identified a close relationship between the tree-ring index (TRI) and vegetation carbon dioxide uptake (as measured by GPP) and then developed a nested TRI-GPP model to reconstruct spatially explicit GPP values since 1895 from seven tree-ring chronologies. The model performance in both phases was acceptable: We chose general regression neural network regression and random forest regression in Phase 1 (1895–1937) and Phase 2 (1938–1985). With the simulated and real GPP maps, we observed that the GPP for grassland and overall GPP were increasing. The GPP landscape patterns were stable, but in recent years, the GPP’s increasing rate surpassed any other period in the past 130 years. The main local climate driver was the Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI), and GPP had a significant positive correlation with PDSI in the growing season (June, July, and August). With the GPP maps derived from the nested TRI-GPP model, we can create fine-scale GPP maps to understand vegetation change and carbon uptake over the past century.
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

33. The XMM Cluster Survey: An independent demonstration of the fidelity of the eFEDS galaxy cluster data products and implications for future studies

Author: Turner, D. J., Giles, P. A., Romer, A. K., Wilkinson, R., Upsdell, E. W., Klein, M., Viana, P. T. P., Hilton, M., Bhargava, S., Collins, C. A., Mann, R. G., Sahlén, M., and Stott, J. P.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: We present the first comparison between properties of clusters of galaxies detected by the eROSITA Final Equatorial-Depth Survey (eFEDS) and the XMM Cluster Survey (XCS). We have compared, in an ensemble fashion, properties from the eFEDS X-ray cluster catalogue with those from the Ultimate XMM eXtragaLactic (XXL) survey project (XXL-100-GC). We find the distributions of redshift and X-ray temperature ($T_{\rm X}$) to be broadly similar between the two surveys, with a larger proportion of clusters above 4 keV in the XXL-100-GC sample. We find 62 eFEDS cluster candidates with XMM data (eFEDS-XMM sample); 10 do not have good enough XMM data to confirm or deny, 11 are classed as sample contaminants, and 4 have their X-ray flux contaminated by another source. The majority of eFEDS-XMM sources have a longer exposure in XMM than eFEDS, and the majority of eFEDS positions are within 100 kpc of XCS positions. Our eFEDS-XCS sample of 37 clusters is used to calculate minimum sample contamination fractions of ${\sim}$18% and ${\sim}$9% in the eFEDS X-ray and optically confirmed samples respectively, in general agreement with eFEDS findings. We compare 29 X-ray luminosities ($L_{\rm X}$) measured by eFEDS and XCS, which are in excellent agreement. Eight clusters have a $T_{\rm X}$ measured by XMM and eROSITA, and we find that XMM temperatures are 25$\pm$9% larger than their eROSITA counterparts. Finally, we construct $L_{\rm X}$ - $T_{\rm X}$ scaling relations based on eFEDS and XCS measurements, which are in tension; the tension is decreased when we measure a third scaling relation with calibrated XCS temperatures., Comment: 20 pages (13 + 7 appendices), 16 figures, submitted to MNRAS
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

34. Interferometric sensing of a commercial geophone

Author: Cooper, S. J., Collins, C. J., Prokhorov, L., Warner, J., Hoyland, D., and Mow-Lowry, C. M.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: We present a modified commercial L-4C geophone with interferometric readout that demonstrated a resolution 60 times lower than the included coil-magnet readout at low frequencies. The intended application for the modified sensor is in vibration isolation platforms that require improved performance at frequencies lower than 1 Hz. A controls and noise-model of an Advanced LIGO 'HAM-ISI' vibration isolation system was developed, and it shows that our sensor can reduce the residual vibration by a factor of 70 at 0.1 Hz
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

35. Features and frequency of use of electronic health records in primary care across 20 countries: a cross-sectional study

Author: Kerr, G., Kulshreshtha, N., Greenfield, G., Li, E., Beaney, T., Hayhoe, B.W.J., Car, J., Clavería, A., Collins, C., Espitia, S.M., Fernandez, M.J., Gusso, G., Hoedebecke, K., Hoffman, R.D., Irving, G., Jimenez, G., Laranjo, L., Lazić, V., Lingner, H., Memarian, E., Nessler, K., O'Neill, B.G., Petek, D., Serafini, A., Ungan, M., Majeed, A., and Neves, A.L.
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

36. Predictors of anastomotic leak and conduit necrosis after oesophagectomy: Results from the oesophago-gastric anastomosis audit (OGAA)

Author: Halle-Smith, J.M., Kamarajah, S.K., Evans, R.P.T., Nepogodiev, D., Hodson, J., Bundred, J.R., Gockel, I., Gossage, J.A., Isik, A., Kauppila, J.H., Kidane, B., Mahendran, H.A., Negoi, I., Okonta, K.E., Sayyed, R., van Hillegersberg, R., Vohra, R.S., Wijnhoven, B.P.L., Singh, P., Griffiths, E.A., Alderson, D., Bundred, J., Gossage, J., Jefferies, B., McKay, S., Mohamed, I., Siaw- Acheampong, K., Vohra, R., Wanigasooriya, K., Whitehouse, T., Gjata, A., Moreno, J.I., Takeda, F.R., Guevara Castro, R., Bekele, A., Harustiak, T., Kechagias, A., Bagajevas, A., Kennedy, A., Da Roit, A., Azagra, J.S., Mejía-Fernández, L., El Kafsi, J., Sayyed, R.H., Sousa, M., Sampaio, A.S., Blanco, R., Wallner, B., Schneider, P.M., Hsu, P.K., Gananadha, S., Wills, V., Devadas, M., Duong, C., Talbot, M., Hii, M.W., Jacobs, R., Andreollo, N.A., Johnston, B., Darling, G., Isaza-Restrepo, A., Rosero, G., Arias- Amézquita, F., Raptis, D., Gaedcke, J., Reim, D., Izbicki, J., Egberts, J.H., Dikinis, S., Kjaer, D.W., Larsen, M.H., Achiam, M.P., Saarnio, J., Theodorou, D., Liakakos, T., Korkolis, D.P., Robb, W.B., Collins, C., Murphy, T., Reynolds, J., Tonini, V., Migliore, M., Bonavina, L., Valmasoni, M., Bardini, R., Weindelmayer, J., Terashima, M., White, R.E., Alghunaim, E., Elhadi, M., Leon-Takahashi, A.M., Medina-Franco, H., Lau, P.C., Heisterkamp, J., Rosman, C., Beban, G., Babor, R., Gordon, A., Rossaak, J.I., Pal, K.M.I., Qureshi, A.U., Naqi, S.A., Syed, A.A., Barbosa, J., Vicente, C.S., Leite, J., Freire, J., Casaca, R., Costa, R.C.T., Scurtu, R.R., Mogoanta, S.S., Bolca, C., Constantinoiu, S., Sekhniaidze, D., Bjelović, M., So, J.B.Y., Gačevski, G., Loureiro, C., Pera, M., Bianchi, A., Moreno Gijón, M., Martín Fernández, J., Trugeda Carrera, M.S., Vallve-Bernal, M., Cítores Pascual, M.A., Elmahi, S., Halldestam, I., Hedberg, J., Mönig, S., Gutknecht, S., Tez, M., Guner, A., Tirnaksiz, M.B., Colak, E., Sevinç, B., Hindmarsh, A., Khan, I., Khoo, D., Byrom, R., Gokhale, J., Wilkerson, P., Jain, P., Chan, D., Robertson, K., Iftikhar, S., Skipworth, R., Forshaw, M., Higgs, S., Nijjar, R., Viswanath, Y.K.S., Turner, P., Dexter, S., Boddy, A., Allum, W.H., Oglesby, S., Cheong, E., Beardsmore, D., Maynard, N., Berrisford, R., Mercer, S., Puig, S., Melhado, R., Kelty, C., Underwood, T., Dawas, K., Lewis, W., Al-Bahrani, A., Bryce, G., Thomas, M., Arndt, A.T., Palazzo, F., Meguid, R.A., Fergusson, J., Beenen, E., Mosse, C., Salim, J., Cheah, S., Wright, T., Cerdeira, M.P., McQuillan, P., Richardson, M., Liem, H., Spillane, J., Yacob, M., Albadawi, F., Thorpe, T., Dingle, A., Cabalag, C., Loi, K., Fisher, O.M., Ward, S., Read, M., Johnson, M., Bassari, R., Bui, H., Cecconello, I., Sallum, R.A.A., da Rocha, J.R.M., Lopes, L.R., Tercioti, V., Coelho, J.D.S., Ferrer, J.A.P., Buduhan, G., Tan, L., Srinathan, S., Shea, P., Yeung, J., Allison, F., Carroll, P., Vargas-Barato, F., Gonzalez, F., Ortega, J., Nino-Torres, L., Beltrán-García, T.C., Castilla, L., Pineda, M., Bastidas, A., Gómez-Mayorga, J., Cortés, N., Cetares, C., Caceres, S., Duarte, S., Pazdro, A., Snajdauf, M., Faltova, H., Sevcikova, M., Mortensen, P.B., Katballe, N., Ingemann, T., Morten, B., Kruhlikava, I., Ainswort, A.P., Stilling, N.M., Eckardt, J., Holm, J., Thorsteinsson, M., Siemsen, M., Brandt, B., Nega, B., Teferra, E., Tizazu, A., Koivukangas, V., Meriläinen, S., Gruetzmann, R., Krautz, C., Weber, G., Golcher, H., Emons, G., Azizian, A., Ebeling, M., Niebisch, S., Kreuser, N., Albanese, G., Hesse, J., Volovnik, L., Boecher, U., Reeh, M., Triantafyllou, S., Schizas, D., Michalinos, A., Balli, E., Mpoura, M., Charalabopoulos, A., Manatakis, D.K., Balalis, D., Bolger, J., Baban, C., Mastrosimone, A., McAnena, O., Quinn, A., Ó Súilleabháin, C.B., Hennessy, M.M., Ivanovski, I., Khizer, H., Ravi, N., Donlon, N., Cervellera, M., Vaccari, S., Bianchini, S., Sartarelli, l, Asti, E., Bernardi, D., Merigliano, S., Provenzano, L., Scarpa, M., Saadeh, L., Salmaso, B., De Manzoni, G., Giacopuzzi, S., La Mendola, R., De Pasqual, C.A., Tsubosa, Y., Niihara, M., Irino, T., Makuuchi, R., Ishii, K., Mwachiro, M., Fekadu, A., Odera, A., Mwachiro, E., AlShehab, D., Ahmed, H.A., Shebani, A.O., Elhadi, A., Elnagar, F.A., Elnagar, H.F., Makkai-Popa, S.T., Wong, L.F., Yr, Tan, S, Thannimalai, Ca, Ho, Ws, Pang, Jh, Tan, Hnl, Basave, Cortés-González, R., Lagarde, S.M., van Lanschot, J.J.B., Cords, C., Jansen, W.A., Martijnse, I., Matthijsen, R., Bouwense, S., Klarenbeek, B., Verstegen, M., van Workum, F., Ruurda, J.P., van der Sluis, P.C., de Maat, M., Evenett, N., Johnston, P., Patel, R., MacCormick, A., Young, M., Smith, B., Ekwunife, C., Memon, A.H., Shaikh, K., Wajid, A., Khalil, N., Haris, M., Mirza, Z.U., Qudus, S.B.A., Sarwar, M.Z., Shehzadi, A., Raza, A., Jhanzaib, M.H., Farmanali, J., Zakir, Z., Shakeel, O., Nasir, I., Khattak, S., Baig, M., Noor, M.A., Ahmed, H.H., Naeem, A., Pinho, A.C., da Silva, R., Bernardes, A., Campos, J.C., Matos, H., Braga, T., Monteiro, C., Ramos, P., Cabral, F., Gomes, M.P., Martins, P.C., Correia, A.M., Videira, J.F., Ciuce, C., Drasovean, R., Apostu, R., Paitici, S., Racu, A.E., Obleaga, C.V., Beuran, M., Stoica, B., Ciubotaru, C., Negoita, V., Cordos, I., Birla, R.D., Predescu, D., Hoara, P.A., Tomsa, R., Shneider, V., Agasiev, M., Ganjara, I., Gunjić, D., Veselinović, M., Babič, T., Chin, T.S., Shabbir, A., Kim, G., Crnjac, A., Samo, H., Díez del Val, I., Leturio, S., Ramón, J.M., Dal Cero, M., Rifá, S., Rico, M., Pagan Pomar, A., Martinez Corcoles, J.A., Rodicio Miravalles, J.L., Pais, S.A., Turienzo, S.A., Alvarez, L.S., Campos, P.V., Rendo, A.G., García, S.S., Santos, E.P.G., Martínez, E.T., Fernández Díaz, M.J., Magadán Álvarez, C., Concepción Martín, V., Díaz López, C., Rosat Rodrigo, A., Pérez Sánchez, L.E., Bailón Cuadrado, M., Tinoco Carrasco, C., Choolani Bhojwani, E., Sánchez, D.P., Ahmed, M.E., Dzhendov, T., Lindberg, F., Rutegård, M., Sundbom, M., Mickael, C., Colucci, N., Schnider, A., Er, S., Kurnaz, E., Turkyilmaz, S., Turkyilmaz, A., Yildirim, R., Baki, B.E., Akkapulu, N., Karahan, O., Damburaci, N., Hardwick, R., Safranek, P., Sujendran, V., Bennett, J., Afzal, Z., Shrotri, M., Chan, B., Exarchou, K., Gilbert, T., Amalesh, T., Mukherjee, D., Mukherjee, S., Wiggins, T.H., Kennedy, R., McCain, S., Harris, A., Dobson, G., Davies, N., Wilson, I., Mayo, D., Bennett, D., Young, R., Manby, P., Blencowe, N., Schiller, M., Byrne, B., Mitton, D., Wong, V., Elshaer, A., Cowen, M., Menon, V., Tan, L.C., McLaughlin, E., Koshy, R., Sharp, C., Brewer, H., Das, N., Cox, M., Al Khyatt, W., Worku, D., Iqbal, R., Walls, L., McGregor, R., Fullarton, G., Macdonald, A., MacKay, C., Craig, C., Dwerryhouse, S., Hornby, S., Jaunoo, S., Wadley, M., Baker, C., Saad, M., Kelly, M., Davies, A., Di Maggio, F., Mistry, P., Singhal, R., Tucker, O., Kapoulas, S., Powell-Brett, S., Davis, P., Bromley, G., Watson, L., Verma, R., Ward, J., Shetty, V., Ball, C., Pursnani, K., Sarela, A., Sue Ling, H., Mehta, S., Hayden, J., To, N., Palser, T., Hunter, D., Supramaniam, K., Butt, Z., Ahmed, A., Kumar, S., Chaudry, A., Moussa, O., Kordzadeh, A., Lorenzi, B., Wilson, M., Patil, P., Noaman, I., Willem, J., Bouras, G., Evans, R., Singh, M., Warrilow, H., Ahmad, A., Tewari, N., Yanni, F., Couch, J., Theophilidou, E., Reilly, J.J., van Boxel, Gijs, Akbari, K., Zanotti, D., Sgromo, B., Sanders, G., Wheatley, T., Ariyarathenam, A., Reece-Smith, A., Humphreys, L., Choh, C., Carter, N., Knight, B., Pucher, P., Athanasiou, A., Tan, B., Abdulrahman, M., Vickers, J., Akhtar, K., Chaparala, R., Brown, R., Alasmar, M.M.A., Ackroyd, R., Patel, K., Tamhankar, A., Wyman, A., Walker, R., Grace, B., Abbassi, N., Slim, N., Ioannidi, L., Blackshaw, G., Havard, T., Escofet, X., Powell, A., Owera, A., Rashid, F., Jambulingam, P., Padickakudi, J., Ben-Younes, H., Mccormack, K., Makey, I.A., Karush, M.K., Seder, C.W., Liptay, M.J., Chmielewski, G., Rosato, E.L., Berger, A.C., Zheng, R., Okolo, E., Singh, A., Scott, C.D., Weyant, M.J., Mitchell, J.D., and Griffiths, Ewen A.
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

37. Human dimensions of non-compliance in a large-scale Marine Protected Area

Author: Collins, C., Broderick, Annette, Nuno, Ana, and Bech Letessier, Tom
Abstract: Achieving compliance with management and policies is vital for conservation success. As a human behaviour, managing non-compliance requires understanding of social factors of systems that are inherently social-ecological in nature. However, across marine conservation there remains key gaps in understanding of incentives for non-compliance, and social context of perpetrators, including for Marine Protected Areas (MPAs). Global expansion of MPA coverage has been substantially bolstered by creation of large-scale marine protected areas (LSMPAs, >100,000 km2), which offer important conservation successes such as encompassing holistic ecological systems. Yet, LSMPAs have been criticised for a lack of attention paid to associated social factors and outcomes, which some have connected with the persistence of non-compliance within many LSMPAs. Given their intended keystone role in marine conservation, addressing these criticisms is vital (Chapter 1). This thesis studied non-compliance by the Sri Lankan offshore fleet in the British Indian Ocean Territory (BIOT), a large (640,000km2) MPA located in the central Indian Ocean. Data collected within Sri Lankan fishing communities using social science research methods were used to describe fishing behaviour and non-compliance within this fleet. Current knowledge of illegal fishing within BIOT taken from enforcement of the MPA is reviewed within the context of fieldwork data (Chapter 2). We characterised similarities of non-compliant vessels and, using social network analysis, identified social ties between 66% of illegal vessels. These findings highlight the potential of adapting policy to target specific sectors of the fleet and for localised drivers of non-compliance. Participatory mapping techniques identified the broad spatial footprint of the fleet across the Indian Ocean and found 62% may frequent foreign countries waters illegally (Chapter 3). Perceptions of high populations of sharks within foreign waters were identified as a key driver, due to their high economic value and decreasing regional populations. Results highlighted the economic importance of sharks, suggesting they provide income for 74% of the surveyed vessels. Using value chain analysis, the economic importance of sharks within Sri Lanka was investigated (Chapter 4). Supply chains for shark products were mapped, and reliance on shark products was explored, including describing factors that determine price of landed sharks. On average, blue sharks (Prionace glauca) fetched lower prices than other landed species, including those of conservation concern, highlighting potential species-specific differences in economic incentives for targeting sharks. Sri Lankan national shark policy and management, specifically the ban on fishing thresher sharks (Alopiidae), was examined to determine effectiveness of existing measures (Chapter 5). The interaction of perceptions and impacts of the ban with compliance were explored. Key learnings were identified, including increasing stakeholder engagement and communication when introducing shark conservation policies. Finally, data and findings are synthesised within the context of existing national and regional management and policy to identify recommendations to mitigate non-compliance (Chapter 6). Overall, a more nuanced approach to LSMPA management, that investigates alternatives to purely sanctions-based models, is advocated for. Further, the potential benefits of adapting management based on understanding of social drivers gathered directly from perpetrators of non-compliance is highlighted.
Published: 2022

38. Effect of Corporate Environmental Performance on Banks’ Loan Pricing

Author: Witness Siwela and Collins C. Ngwakwe
Subjects: Environmental Performance, Sustainability, Stakeholder, Capital Lenders, Cost of Debt, Business, HF5001-6182, Economics as a science, HB71-74
Abstract: Capital lenders of money such as banks are perceived to be environmentally sensitive in contemporary times. This sensitivity is evidenced by the advent of new concepts such as green financing in the context of environmental catastrophes which are exacerbated by the climate change crisis. Thus, financial institutions such as banks face a dilemma in deciding whether to prioritise sustainability financing or seek after profit maximisation. To this end, little is known if corporate environmental performance lures support of key stakeholders such as banks. The study renders empirical evidence on this phenomenon by investigating short run and long run dynamics between corporate environmental performance and banks’ loan pricing. Archival data were collected from the FTSE/JSE RII listed companies. A sample of 21 companies generated a short panel data set of six years per cross-section totalling 126 observations. The study adopted first differenced econometric models in statistical panel data analyses namely Panel Vector Error Correction Model (VECM), and subsequently Panel Least Squares (PLS), Wald Test, and Impulse Response Functions (IRF). Findings revealed a statistically significant positive impact, both in the short run and long run, between environmental performance predictors and banks’ loan pricing. While the study makes immense contribution to literature, it renders new assertions in understanding stakeholders’ current environmental practices and initiate a new agenda for future research.
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

39. The Impact of Mortgage Rates on Mortgage Refinancing

Author: Collins C. Ngwakwe
Subjects: Mortgage Lending, Mortgage Rates, Mortgage Refinancing, Housing, Business, HF5001-6182, Economics as a science, HB71-74
Abstract: Mortgages loans are vital for the acquisition of housing property and mortgage lending rates play an important role in mortgage market trends, borrowers, and lenders’ decisions. Objective: the aim of this paper is to evaluate the combined effect of current and previous mortgage rates on mortgage refinancing. Prior work: the paper inclines on the ontology of a single reality of the interaction between mortgage rates and mortgage refinancing with attendant epistemology that their interaction is measurable. Method: the paper adopts the positivist paradigm and a quantitative technique. It used data on the U.S. Mortgage Bankers Association (MBA) retrieved from the economic and financial database of Fusion Media. Data were analysed using the OLS technique. Novel Findings show that current-actual and previous mortgage rates have a significant positive effect on mortgage refinancing at p=0.05 and p=0.04 respectively. Significance: the findings have implication for mortgage lending and refinancing decisions for mortgage bankers (lenders), mortgage borrowers and policy makers. It also provides current academic study material for university business schools and for future researchers to apply the model used in this research for related expanded research. Value: The paper contributes a new model with two genres of mortgage rate (current mortgage rate and previous mortgage rate) and how these two types of mortgage rates influence mortgage refinancing.
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

40. Velocity Dispersions of Clusters in the Dark Energy Survey Y3 redMaPPer Catalog

Author: Wetzell, V., Jeltema, T. E., Hegland, B., Everett, S., Giles, P. A., Wilkinson, R., Farahi, A., Costanzi, M., Hollowood, D. L., Upsdell, E., Saro, A., Myles, J., Bermeo, A., Bhargava, S., Collins, C. A., Cross, D., Eiger, O., Gardner, G., Hilton, M., Jobel, J., Kelly, P., Laubner, D., Liddle, A. R., Mann, R. G., Martinez, V., Mayers, J., McDaniel, A., Romer, A. K., Rooney, P., Sahlen, M., Stott, J., Swart, A., Turner, D. J., Viana, P. T. P., Abbott, T. M. C., Aguena, M., Allam, S., Andrade-Oliveira, F., Annis, J., Asorey, J., Bertin, E., Burke, D. L., Calcino, J., Rosell, A. Carnero, Carollo, D., Kind, M. Carrasco, Carretero, J., Choi, A., Crocce, M., da Costa, L. N., Pereira, M. E. S., Davis, T. M., De Vicente, J., Desai, S., Diehl, H. T., Dietrich, J. P., Doel, P., Evrard, A. E., Ferrero, I., Fosalba, P., Frieman, J., García-Bellido, J., Gaztanaga, E., Glazebrook, K., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, G., Hinton, S. R., Honscheid, K., James, D. J., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., Lahav, O., Lewis, G. F., Lidman, C., Lima, M., Maia, M. A. G., Marshall, J. L., Melchior, P., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Morgan, R., Palmese, A., Paz-Chinchón, F., Malagón, A. A. Plazas, Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V., Serrano, S., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Smith, M., Soares-Santos, M., Suchyta, E., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., Tucker, B. E., Tucker, D. L., Varga, T. N., and Weller, J.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: We measure the velocity dispersions of clusters of galaxies selected by the redMaPPer algorithm in the first three years of data from the Dark Energy Survey (DES), allowing us to probe cluster selection and richness estimation, $\lambda$, in light of cluster dynamics. Our sample consists of 126 clusters with sufficient spectroscopy for individual velocity dispersion estimates. We examine the correlations between cluster velocity dispersion, richness, X-ray temperature and luminosity as well as central galaxy velocity offsets. The velocity dispersion-richness relation exhibits a bimodal distribution. The majority of clusters follow scaling relations between velocity dispersion, richness, and X-ray properties similar to those found for previous samples; however, there is a significant population of clusters with velocity dispersions which are high for their richness. These clusters account for roughly 22\% of the $\lambda < 70$ systems in our sample, but more than half (55\%) of $\lambda < 70$ clusters at $z>0.5$. A couple of these systems are hot and X-ray bright as expected for massive clusters with richnesses that appear to have been underestimated, but most appear to have high velocity dispersions for their X-ray properties likely due to line-of-sight structure. These results suggest that projection effects contribute significantly to redMaPPer selection, particularly at higher redshifts and lower richnesses. The redMaPPer determined richnesses for the velocity dispersion outliers are consistent with their X-ray properties, but several are X-ray undetected and deeper data is needed to understand their nature., Comment: 22 pages, accepted to MNRAS
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

41. A Framework of Excessive Executive Compensation – An Obscured Breach in Corporate Governance Agency Contract

Author: Collins C Ngwakwe
Subjects: principal-agent contract, corporate governance, agency costs, agency theory, breach of contract, Accounting. Bookkeeping, HF5601-5689, Finance, HG1-9999
Abstract: Excessive executive compensation is tantamount to a breach of agency contract. There are two main problems with excessive executive compensation: excessive compensation is stealing from a shareholder’s standpoint; excessive executive compensation is demoralizing to the other workers in the organization. Purpose. This paper aims to provide a conceptual framework of the antecedent and postcedent of excessive executive compensation. Approach. The paper inclines on agency theory and the attendant principal-agent contract. The paper follows a critical deconstruction approach, culminating in the development of an original conceptual framework. Finding. Through a critical deconstruction of agency theory postulation of optimal agent’s response to corporate compensation structure, it emerges that this postulation may not hold in all instances given that gargantuan compensation structure has a high propensity to nurture irresistible executive financial misdemeanours to inflate profit or share price, which are the performance index of reaping the excessive compensation. This incubates ancillary agency costs to the detriment of the principal and corporate survival. Theoretical and practical value. The paper offers insight into corporate governance strategy for accounting and business law theory and practice in university business schools and for further research. In addition, corporate boards may draw insights from the theory developed in this paper, which portrays the antecedents and postcedents of executive excessive compensation. This theory will catalyse debate and rethinking of corporate compensation policies within the boards of directors. The paper offers an original contribution to the contentious agency cost issues by developing a conceptual framework of the antecedent and postcedent of excessive executive compensation – depicting obscured additional agency costs.
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

42. The Impact of Drought on HIV Care in Rural South Africa: An Interrupted Time Series Analysis

Author: Iwuji, Collins C., Baisley, Kathy, Maoyi, Molulaqhooa Linda, Orievulu, Kingsley, Mazibuko, Lusanda, Ayeb-Karlsson, Sonja, Yapa, H. Manisha, Hanekom, Willem, Herbst, Kobus, and Kniveton, Dominic
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

43. Gravitational redshifting of galaxies in the SPIDERS cluster catalogue

Author: Mpetha, C. T., Collins, C. A., Clerc, N., Finoguenov, A., Peacock, J. A., Comparat, J., Schneider, D., Capasso, R., Damsted, S., Furnell, K., Merloni, A., Padilla, N. D., and Saro, A.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: Data from the SPectroscopic IDentification of ERosita Sources (SPIDERS) are searched for a detection of the gravitational redshifting of light from $\sim\!20\,000$ galaxies in $\sim\!2500$ galaxy clusters using three definitions of the cluster centre: its Brightest Cluster Galaxy (BCG), the redMaPPer identified Central Galaxy (CG), or the peak of X-ray emission. Distributions of velocity offsets between galaxies and their host cluster's centre, found using observed redshifts, are created. The quantity $\hat{\Delta}$, the average of the radial velocity difference between the cluster members and the cluster systemic velocity, reveals information on the size of a combination of effects on the observed redshift, dominated by gravitational redshifting. The change of $\hat{\Delta}$ with radial distance is predicted for SPIDERS galaxies in General Relativity (GR), and $f(R)$ gravity, and compared to the observations. The values of $\hat{\Delta}=-13.5\pm4.7$ km s$^{-1}$, $\hat{\Delta}=-12.5\pm5.1$ km s$^{-1}$, and $\hat{\Delta}=-18.6\pm4.8$ km s$^{-1}$ for the BCG, X-ray and CG cases respectively broadly agree with the literature. There is no significant preference of one gravity theory over another, but all cases give a clear detection ($>2.5\sigma$) of $\hat{\Delta}$. The BCG centroid is deemed to be the most robust method in this analysis, due to no well defined central redshift when using an X-ray centroid, and CGs identified by redMaPPer with no associated spectroscopic redshift. For future gravitational redshift studies, an order of magnitude more galaxies, $\sim\!500\,000$, will be required-a possible feat with the forthcoming Vera C. Rubin Observatory, Euclid and eROSITA., Comment: Accepted for publication in MNRAS. 11 pages, 10 figures
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

44. SPIDERS: An Overview of The Largest Catalogue of Spectroscopically Confirmed X-ray Galaxy Clusters

Author: Kirkpatrick, C. C., Clerc, N., Finoguenov, A., Damsted, S., Chitham, J. Ider, Kukkola, A. E., Gueguen, A., Furnell, K., Rykoff, E., Comparat, J., Saro, A., Capasso, R., Padilla, N., Erfanianfar, G., Mamon, G. A., Collins, C., Merloni, A., Brownstein, J. R., and Schneider, D. P.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: SPIDERS is the spectroscopic follow-up effort of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV (SDSS-IV) project for the identification of X-ray selected galaxy clusters. We present our catalogue of 2740 visually inspected galaxy clusters as a part of the SDSS Data Release 16 (DR16). Here we detail the target selection, our methods for validation of the candidate clusters, performance of the survey, the construction of the final sample, and a full description of what is found in the catalogue. Of the sample, the median number of members per cluster is approximately 10, with 818 having 15 or greater. We find that we are capable of validating over 99% of clusters when 5 redshifts are obtained below $z<0.3$ and when 9 redshifts are obtained above $z>0.3$. We discuss the improvements of this catalogue's identification of cluster using 33,340 redshifts, with $\Delta z_{\rm{phot}} / \Delta z_{\rm{spec}} \sim 100$, over other photometric and spectroscopic surveys, as well as present an update to previous ($\sigma - L_{X}$) and ($\sigma - \lambda$) relations. Finally, we present our cosmological constraints derived using the velocity dispersion function., Comment: 16 pages, 14 figures, Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

45. Routine sterile glove and instrument change at the time of abdominal wound closure to prevent surgical site infection (ChEETAh): a model-based cost-effectiveness analysis of a pragmatic, cluster-randomised trial in seven low-income and middle-income countries

Author: Kachapila, Mwayi, Oppong, Raymond, Ademuyiwa, Adesoji O., Bhangu, Aneel, Dauda, Risikat, Ghosh, Dhruva N., Kamarajah, Sivesh K, Lawani, Ismail, Medina, Antonio Ramos-De la, Monahan, Mark, Morton, Dion G., Omar, Omar, Picciochi, Maria, Tabiri, Stephen, Roberts, Tracy E., Brocklehurst, Peter, Chakrabortee, Sohini, Glasbey, James, Hardy, Pollyanna, Harrison, Ewen, Lillywhite, Rachel, Magill, Laura, Nepogodiev, Dmitri, Simoes, Joana, Smith, Donna, Kadir, Bryar, Pinkney, Thomas, Brant, Felicity, Li, Elizabeth, Runigamugabo, Emmy, Bahrami-Hessari, Michael, Bywater, Edward, Martinez, Laura, Habumuremyi, Sosthene, Ntirenganya, Faustin, Williams, Emmanuel, Fourtounas, Maria, Melic, Bokossa K. Covalic, Suroy, Atul, Ahogni, Didier, Ahounou, Aristide, Boukari, K. Alassan, Gbehade, Oswald, Hessou, Thierry K, Nindopa, Sinama, Nontonwanou, M.J. Bienvenue, Guessou, Nafissatou Orou, Sambo, Arouna, Tchati, Sorekou Victoire, Tchogo, Affisatou, Tobome, Semevo Romaric, Yanto, Parfait, Gandaho, Isidore, Hadonou, Armel, Hinvo, Simplice, Hodonou, Montcho Adrien, Tamou, Sambo Bio, Lawani, Souliath, Dossou, Francis Moise, Gaou, Antoine, Goudou, Roland, Kouroumta, Marie-Claire, Malade, Enrif, Dikao, Anne stredy Mkoh, Nsilu, Joel Nzuwa, Ogouyemi, Pencome, Akpla, Marcelin, Mitima, Nathan Bisimwa, Kovohouande, Blaise, Loupeda, Stephane Laurent, Agbangla, Mamonde Victorin, Hedefoun, Sena Emmanuel, Mavoha, Thierry, Ngaguene, Juvenal, Rugendabanga, Janvier, Soton, Rish Romaric, Totin, Martin, Agbadebo, Mouhamed, Dewamon, Hubert, Akpo, Irene, Djeto, Martin, Hada, Aissatou, Hollo, Monsede, Houndji, Albert, Houndote, Anasthasie, Hounsa, Sylvestre, Kpatchassou, Expedit, Yome, Hugues, Alidou, Mohamed Moussa, Bara, Eric Jerry, Yovo, B.T. Bonheur Dossou, Guinnou, Robert, Hamadou, Souleymane, Kola, H.Pauline, Moussa, Nabil, Cakpo, Boniface, Etchisse, Lolyta, Hatangimana, Emery, Muhindo, Moise, Sanni, Katia, Yevide, Agossou Barthelemy, Agossou, Hermann, Musengo, Fiston Basirwa, Behanzin, Hulrich, Seto, Djifid Morel, Alia, Bill Armstrong, Alitonou, Arnaud, Mehounou, Y.Edith, Agbanda, Lucien, Attinon, Julien, Hounsou, Nounagnon Rene, Gbassi, Marcel, Adagrah, Aniakwo, Alhassan, Bin Baaba Alhaji, Amoako-Boateng, Mabel Pokuah, Appiah, Anthony Baffour, Asante-Asamani, Alvin, Boakye, Benedict, Debrah, Samuel A, Ganiyu, Rahman Adebisi, Enti, Donald, Koggoh, Patience, Kpankpari, Richard, Opandoh, Isanella Naa M., Manu, Meshach Agyemang, Manu, Maison Patrick Opoku, Mensah, Samuel, Morna, Martin Tangnaa, Nortey, Michael, Nkrumah, John, Ofori, Emmanuel Owusu, Quartson, Elizaberth Mercy, Acquah, Ato Oppong, Adam-Zakariah, Leslie Issa, Asabre, Esther, Boateng, Ruby Acheampong, Koomson, Barbara, Kusiwaa, Ataa, Twerefour, Emmanuel Yaw, Ankomah, James, Assah-Adjei, Frank, Boakye, Anthony Appiah, Fosu, Godfred, Serbeh, Godwin, Gyan, Kofi Yeboah, Nyarko, Isaac Omane, Robertson, Zelda, Acheampong, Dorcas O, Acquaye, Jane, Adinku, Michael, Agbedinu, Kwabena, Agbeko, Anita Eseenam, Amankwa, Emmanuel Gyimah, Amoah, Michael, Amoah, George, Appiah, Juliana, Arthur, Joshua, Ayim, Alex, Ayodeji, Emmanuel Kafui, Boakye-Yiadom, Jonathan, Boateng, Edward Amoah, Dally, Charles, Davor, Anthony, Gyasi-Sarpong, Christian Kofi, Hamidu, Naabo Nuhu Noel, Haruna, Iddrisu, Kwarley, Naa, Lovi, Agbenya Kobla, Nimako, Boateng, Nyadu, Bertina Beauty, Opoku, Dominic, Osabutey, Anita, Sagoe, Robert, Tuffour, Samuel, Tufour, Yaa, Yamoah, Francis Akwaw, Yefieye, Abiboye Cheduko, Yorke, Joseph, Addo, Kwame Gyambibi, Akosa, Enoch Appiah, Boakye, Percy, Coompson, Christian Larbi, Gyamfi, Brian, Kontor, Bismark Effah, Kyeremeh, Christian, Manu, Ruth, Mensah, Elijah, Solae, Friko Ibrahim, Toffah, Gideon Kwasi, Adu-Brobbey, Raphael, Labaran, Abdul-Hamid, Owusu, Junior Atta, Adobea, Vivian, Bennin, Amos, Dankwah, Fred, Doe, Stanley, Kantanka, Ruth Sarfo, Kobby, Ephraim, Larnyor, Hanson, Owusu, Prince Yeboah, Sie-Broni, Clement Ayum, Zume, Marshall, Abantanga, Francis Atindaana, Abdulai, Darling Ramatu, Acquah, Daniel Kwesi, Ayingayure, Emmanuel, Osman, Imoro, Kunfah, Sheba, Limann, Gbana, Mohammed, Shamudeen Ahhassan, Mohammed, Sheriff, Musah, Yakubu, Ofori, Bernard, Owusu, Emmanuel Abem, Saba, Abdul-Hafiz, Seidu, Anwar Sadat, Yakubu, Mustapha, Yenli, Edwin Mwintiereh Ta-ang, Bhatti, Kavita, Dhiman, Jyoti, Dhir, Karan, Hans, Monika, Haque, Parvez D, Jesudason, Esther Daniel Mark, Madankumar, Latha, Mittal, Rohin, Nagomy, Ida, Prasad, Soosan, Dasari, Amos, Jacob, Priya, Kurien, Elizabeth, Mathew, Arpit, Prakash, Danita, Susan, Anju, Varghese, Rose, Ortiz, Reyes Cervantes, Gonzalez, Gonzalo Hernandez, Krauss, Rosa Hernandez, Miguelena, Luis Hernández, Romero, Marco Hurtado, Gomez, Isaac Baltazar, Aguirre, Celina Cuellar, Avendaño, Alejandro Cuevas, Sansores, Luis Dominguez, Mejia, Hector Ortiz, Campo, Laura Urdapilleta Gomez del, Sánchez, Irani Durán, Vazquez, Diana Gonzalez, Lara, Maria Martínez, Maldonado, Laura Martinez Perez, Fuente, Alejandra Nayen Sainz de la, Medina, Antonio Ramos De la, Adeleye, Victoria, Adeniyi, Oluwafunmilayo, Akinajo, Opeyemi, Akinboyewa, David, Alasi, Iyabo, Alakaloko, Felix, Atoyebi, Oluwole, Balogun, Olanrewaju, Belie, Orimisan, Bode, Christopher, Ekwesianya, Andrew, Elebute, Olumide, Ezenwankwo, Francis, Fatuga, Adedeji, Ihediwa, George, Jimoh, Adesola, Kuku, Jubril, Ladipo-Ajayi, Oluwaseun, Makanjuola, Ayomide, Mokwenyei, Olayanju, Nwokocha, Samuel, Ogein, Olubunmi, Ojewola, Rufus, Oladimeji, Abraham, Olajide, Thomas, Oluseye, Oluwaseun, Seyi-Olajide, Justina, Soibi-Harry, Adaiah, Ugwu, Aloy, Abdur-Rahman, Lukman, Adeleke, Nurudeen, Adesola, Muideen, Afolabi, Rafiat, Agodirin, Sulaiman, Aremu, Isiaka, Bello, Jibril, Lawal, Saheed, Lawal, Abdulwahab, Raji, Hadijat, Sayomi, Olayinka, Shittu, Asimiyu, Acquah, Regina, Banka, Charles, Esssien, Derick, Hussey, Romeo, Mustapha, Yakubu, Nunoo-Ghartey, Kojo, Yeboah, Grace, Aniakwo, Luke A, Adjei, Margarey N M, Adofo-Asamoah, Yvonne, Agyapong, Meshach M, Agyen, Thomas, Alhassan, Baba A B, Amoako-Boateng, Mabel P, Ashong, Josephine, Awindaogo, Joseph K, Brimpong, Benjamin B, Dayie, Makafui S C J K, Ghansah, Wendy W, Gyamfi, Jude E, Kudoh, Vincent, Mensah, Philip, Opandoh, Isabella N Morkor, Morna, Martin T, Odame, Emelia, Ofori, Emmanuel O, Quaicoo, Sandra, Quartson, Elizabert M, Teye-Topey, Cynthia, Yigah, Makafui, Yussif, Safia, Adjei-Acquah, Esther, Agyekum-Gyimah, Vera O, Agyemang, Eric, AkotoAmpaw, Arko, Amponsah-Manu, Forster, Arkorful, Temitope E, Dokurugu, Moses A, Essel, Nanabanyin, Ijeoma, Aja, Obiri, Emmanuel L, Ofosu-Akromah, Richard, Quarchey, Karen N D, Adam-Zakariah, Leslie, Andoh, Aaron B, Boateng, Ruby A, Kusiwaa, Atta, Naah, Adeline, Oppon-Acquah, Ato, Oppong, Benjamin A, Agbowada, Emma A, Akosua, Ameley, Armah, Ralph, Asare, Christopher, Awere-Kyere, Lawrence K B, Bruce-Adjei, Amanda, Christian, Nana Ama, Gakpetor, Delali A, Kennedy, Korankye K, Mends-Odro, Jacqueline, Obbeng, Ambe, Ofosuhene, Doris, Osei-Poku, Dorcas, Ciociano, Maria Chávez Jonathan M Chejfec, Valle, Carlos J Zuloaga Fernández del, Aziz, Hafsa I Ahmed Gowhar, Calvillo, Marijose De Cristo Gonzalez, Iriarte, David Giovanny I Morales, Namur, Luz del Carmen M, Mustapha, Bilkisu K Lawal Aisha, Utumatwishima, Athanasie Mukasine Jean N, Abdul-Aziz, Iddrisu I A, Anasara, Gilbert A G, Ogudi, David K D, Quansah, Jonathan I K, Kumar, Nivesh Agrawal Uttkarsh, Mehraj, Imtiyaz Mantoo Asif, Nayak, Sonia Mathai Pragyanmai, Díaz, Kriscia V Ascencio, Herrera, Victor J Avalos, Camacho, Francisco J Barbosa, Pérez, Irma V Brancaccio, Llamas, Miguel A Calderón, Cardona, Guillermo A Cervantes, Andrade, Luis R Cifuentes, Flores, Ana O Cortés, Torres, Edgar J Cortes, Valadez, Tania A Cueto, Valadez, Andrea E Cueto, Cardoza, Jose A Flores, González, Luis A García, Bojorquez, Jaime L González, Ponce, Fanny Y González, Ramírez, Cristhian S Guerrero, Barba, José A Guzmán, Ramírez, Bertha G Guzmán, Ruvalcaba, Mario J Guzmán, Alva, Daniel A Hérnandez, Camargo, Silvia A Ibarra, Peña, Juan C Ibarrola, Pérez, Zayra M Lara, Tellez, Mel P Mellado, Ackerman, Roberto C Miranda, Vallejo, Luis R Pacheco, Bocanegra, Víctor H Pérez, Navarro, Jose V Pérez, Posada, Francisco J Plascencia, Hernández, María A Quirarte, Gonzalez, Luis R Ramirez, Elizalde, Emilio A Reyes, Ascencio, Evelia V Romo, Velasco, Carlos B Ruiz, Martínez, José A Sánchez, Pulido, José I Sandoval, García, Alejandro G Serrano, Carreón, Luis O Suárez, Ávila, Juan J Tijerina, Gastelum, Jesus O Vega, Ramirez, Melissa L Vicencio, Casas, Maria F Zarate, Mata, Jesus Antonion Aguilar, Vanegas, Miguel Antonio Calderon, Arias, Rocio Guadalupe Cano, Barajas, Brenda Vanessa Enriquez, Angeles, Laura Olivia Montano, Lomeli, Angelo Fernando Mortola, Navarro, Jose Esteban Orozco, Baolboa, Laura Gabriela Pena, Dominguez, Ana Camille G, Morales, Jesus Flavio M, Pesquera, Jose Alberto A, Fonseca, Roland Kevin Cethorth, Hernandez, Edgard Efren Lozada, Ramirez, Jairo Arturo Rodriguez, Moscoso, Mitzi R Becerra, Duniya, Sharon A N, Adeleye, Gbadebo T C, Bakare, Tajudeen I B, Ohemu, Alexander A, Habumuremyi, Divine Umuhoza Sosthene, Seneza, Gabriel Ntwari Celestin, Haragirimana, Jean de Dieu, Ingabire, Allen J C, Ekwunife, Okechukwu Hyginus, Gyamfi, Frank E, Nyadu, Bertina B, Adu-Aryee, Nii A, Amoako, Joachim K, Aperkor, Nicholas T, Asman, Wilfred K, Attepor, Godsway S, Bediako-Bowan, Antoinette A, Brown, George D, Etwire, Victor K, Fenu, Benjamin S, Kumassah, Philemon K, Larbi-Siaw, Linda A, Olatola, David O, Tsatsu, Sandra E, Barimah, Charles G, Boateng, Guy C, Kwabena, Ponala W, Kwarteng, Seidu M, Luri, Prosper T, Acquah, Daniel K, Adams, Shamsudeen M, Alhassan, Mohammed S, Asirifi, Samuel A, Dery, Mathias K, Ofori, Bernard A, Sam, Napoleon Bellua, Seidu, Anwar S, Acquah, Emmanuel Kojo, Coompson, Christian L, Gyambibi, Addo K, Kontor, Bismark E, Poonia, Dharma R, Rathod, Kirti K, Rodha, Mahaveer S, Soni, Subhash C, Varsheney, Vaibhav K, Vishnoi, Jeevan R, Garnaik, Deepak K, Lokavarapu, Manoj J, Seenivasagam, Rajkumar K, Kalyanapu, Jeffery A, Gautham, Arun K, Singh, Deepak S, Abraham, Eunice S, Gold, Chinta S, Joseph, Jeremiah N, Kurien, Elizabeth N, Mathew, Arpit J, Mathew, Amy E, Prakash, Danita D, Hans, Monika A, Sam, Vivin Daniel, Thind, Ravinder Singh, Veetil, Sreejith K, Daniel, Esther R, Jacob, Smitha E, Jesudason, Mark R, Samuel, Vasanth Mark, Sivakumar, Moonish V, Saluja, Sundeep S, Attri, Ashok K, Pai, Murlidhar V, Prabhu, P S, T, Sundeep P, Alexander, Philip V, Ismavel, Vijay A, Solomi, Carolin V, Alpheus, Rahul A, Choudhrie, Ashish Victor, Gunny, Rashmi Jacob, Malik, Muneer A, Peters, Nitin J, Chowdri, Nisar A, Dar, Rayees A, Parray, Fazl Q, Shah, Zamir A, Wani, Rauf A, Villaseñor, S Alvarez, Hernández, Aldo Bernal, Ahumada, Elyoenai Bonilla, Cardiel, Guadalupe Castillo, Guevara, Gabino Cervantes, Perez, Enrique Cervantes, Martinez, Esteban Cueva, Barradas, Paulina Domínguez, Estrada, Isaac Esparza, Becerril, Paola Flores, Orozco, Clotilde Fuentes, Reyna, Benjamín García, Sánchez, Eduardo Gómez, Espinoza, Eduardo González, Ojeda, Alejandro González, Torres, Martin Islas, Tornero, Jorge Jiménez, País, Roberto Mares, Santana, Damián Mora, Villela, Gilberto Morgan, Hinojosa, Rodrigo Nájar, Escobar, Cesar Nuño, Rodríguez, Itzel Ochoa, Flores, Oscar Olvera, Barreiro, Angelica Ortega, Rubio, Jacqueline Osuna, Bravo, Cornelio Ruelas, Villaseñor, Guillermo Sanchez, Tinajero, Carlos Colunga, Samano, Fernanda Diaz, Banuelos, Gerardo Gallardo, Ortiz, Francisco Ibanez, Ramirez, Maryzela Lazo, Arroyo, Gerardo Lopez, Perez, Jaime Orozco, Ramirez, Damaris Orozco, Lozano, Jesus Pizarro, Reyes, Guillermo Yanowsky, Castillo, Monica N, Mellado, Dorihela H, Bozada-Gutierrez, Katya, Casado-Zarate, Ana Florencia, Delano-Alonso, Roberto, Herrera-Esquivel, Jose, Moreno-Portillo, Mucio, Trejo-Avila, Mario, Quiros, Bruno Crocco, Ambriz-González, Gabriela, Cabrera-Lozano, Ishtar, Calderón-Alvarado, Ana B, León-Frutos, Francisco J, Villanueva-Martínez, Erick E, Aliyu, Mohammed S, Balogun, Abigail Olajumoke, Francis, Abantanga Atindaana, Duromola, Kehinde Michael, Gana, Stephen G, George, Mukoro Duke, Iji, Lambert Onahi, Jimoh, Aminat O, Koledade, Afolabi K, Lawal, Ahmad T, Nwabuoku, Stanley Emeka, Ogunsua, Oluseyi O, Okafor, Ifeanyi Fidelis, Okorie, Ethos Ike, Saidu, Ibrahim A, Sholadoye, Tunde T, Abdulkarim, Abdulhafiz A, Abdullahi, Lawal Barau, Tolani, Musliu Adetola, Tukur, Aliyu Muhammad, Umar, Ahmad Shehu, Umar, Aminatu M, Yusuf, Salisu Abeku, Ado, Khadija A, Aliyu, Nura U, Anyanwu, Lofty-John Chukwuemeka, Daneji, Sulaiman M, Magashi, Mahmoud Kawu, Mohammad, Mohammad A, Muhammad, Abubakar Bala, Muhammad, Saminu S, Muideen, Bello Abodunde, Nwachukwu, Calistus U, Sallau, Suleiman B, Sheshe, Abdulrahman A, Takai, Idris Usman, Umar, Garzali I, Adze, Joel A, Airede, Lydia R, Bature, Stephen B, Galadima, Moses C, Hamza, Babatunde K, Kache, Stephen A, Kagomi, Williams Y, Kene, Ifeanyi A, Makama, Jerry G, Mohammed-Durosinlorun, Amina A, Taingson, Mathew C, Odunafolabi, Tunde A, Okereke, Chukwuma E, Oladele, Oluwafemi O, Olaleye, Oluwaseun H, Olubayo, Oyetunde O, Abiola, Olukayode P, Abiyere, Henry O, Adebara, Idowu O, Adeniyi, Adebayo A, Adewara, Olumide E, Adeyemo, Olabisi T, Adeyeye, Ademola A, Ariyibi, Abimbola L, Awoyinka, Babatunde S, Ayankunle, Olumide M, Babalola, Olakunle F, Banjo, Oluseyi O, Egharevba, Peter A, Fatudimu, Oluwafemi S, Obateru, John A, Odesanya, Oluremi J, Ojo, Owolabi D, Okunlola, Abiodun I, Okunlola, Cecilia K, Olajide, Adewale T, Orewole, Tesleem O, Salawu, Adedayo I, Abdulsalam, Moruf A, Adelaja, Aderinsola T, Ajai, Olalekan T, Atobatele, Kazeem M, Bakare, Oludayo Oluwaseyi, Faboya, Omolara M, Imam, Zainab O, Nwaenyi, Francisca C, Ogunyemi, Ayokunle A, Oludara, Mobolaji A, Omisanjo, Olufunmilade A, Onyeka, Chinonso U, Oshodi, Olabode A, Oshodi, Yusuf A, Salami, Omotade S, Williams, Omolara M, Adeyeye, Victoria Ibukunoluwa, Agbulu, Moses Vincent, Akinajo, Opeyemi Rebecca, Akinboyewa, David O, Alakaloko, Felix M, Alasi, Iyabo O, Atoyebi, Oluwole A, Balogun, Olanrewaju S, Bode, Christopher O, Busari, Maryam Oluwatobi, Duru, Nnamdi Jonathan, Edet, Glory Bassey, Elebute, Olumide A, Ezenwankwo, Francis Chinonso, Fatuga, Adedeji L, Ihediwa, George C, Inyang, Emmanuel Sylvester, Jimoh, Adesola I, Kuku, Jubril Oladayo, Ladipo-Ajayi, Oluwaseun A, Lawal, Abdulrazzaq O, Makwe, Christian Chigoze, Mgbemena, Chinelo Victoria, Nwokocha, Samuel U, Ogunjimi, Moses Adebisi, Ohazurike, Ephraim Okwudiri, Ojewola, Rufus W, Badedale, Moyosoluwa Eunice, Okeke, Chike J, Okunowo, Adeyemi A, Oladimeji, Abraham T, Olajide, Thomas O, Oluseye, Oluwaseun O, Orowale, Adeola Ayoola, Osinowo, Adedapo Olumide, Oyegbola, Christianah Bidemi, Seyi-Olajide, Justina O, Soibi-Harry, Adaiah P, Timo, Manuella Talla, Ugwu, Aloy Okechukwu, Williams, Emmanuel Ojo, Duruewuru, Innocent O, Egwuonwu, Ochonma A, Emeka, James J, Modekwe, Victor Ifeanyichukwu, Nwosu, Chimdiebele Daisy, Obiechina, Sylvester O, Obiesie, Ahuizechukwu E, Okafor, Celestine I, Okonoboh, Theophilus O, Okoye, Odili A, Onu, Onyekachi A, Onyejiaka, Chukwudubem C, Uche, Chisom Faith, Ugboajah, Joseph O, Ugwu, Jideofor Okechukwu, Adeleke, Akeem A, Adepiti, Akinfolarin C, Aderounmu, Adewale A, Adesunkanmi, Abdulhafiz O, Adisa, Adewale O, Ajekwu, Samuel C, Ajenifuja, Olusegun K, Alatise, Olusegun I, Badmus, Tajudeen A, Mohammed, Tajudeen O, Salako, Abdulkadir A, Sowande, Oludayo A, Talabi, Ademola O, Wuraola, Funmilola O, Adegoke, Paul Aderemi, Eseile, Ideyonbe Samuel, Ogundoyin, Olakayode Olaolu, Olulana, Dare Isaac, Adumah, Collins C, Ajagbe, Adewale O, Akintunde, Olugbenga P, Asafa, Opeyemi Q, Eziyi, Amogu K, Fasanu, Adeniyi O, Ojewuyi, Olufemi O, Ojewuyi, Abiodun R, Oyedele, Abisola E, Taiwo, Oluwaseun A, Abdullahi, Habiba I, Adewole, Nathaniel D, Agida, Teddy E, Ailunia, Eunice E, Akaba, Godwin O, Bawa, Kehinde G, Chinda, John Y, Daluk, Esther B, Eniola, Sefiu B, Ezenwa, Augusta O, Garba, Stephen E, Mshelbwala, Philip M, Ndukwe, Ngozi O, Ogolekwu, Idoko P, Osagie, Olabisi O, Sani, Samuel A, Tabuanu, Nancy O, Umar, Aminu M, Agbonrofo, Peter I, Arekhandia, Alexander I, Edena, Morrison E, Eghonghon, Raymond A, Enaholo, Joel E, Ideh, Stanley N, Iribhogbe, Oseihie I, Irowa, Omorodion O, Isikhuemen, Maradona E, Odutola, Oluwatomi R, Okoduwa, Kester O, Omorogbe, Scott O, Osagie, Osasumwen T, Abdus-Salam, Rukiyat A, Adebayo, Sikiru Adekola, Ajagbe, Oluwasanmi A, Ajao, Akinlabi E, Ayandipo, Omobolaji O, Egbuchulem, Kelvin I, Ekwuazi, Hyginus O, Idowu, Oluwasegun C, Irabor, David O, Lawal, Taiwo A, Lawal, Olatunji O, Ogundoyin, Olakayode O, Sanusi, Akinsola T, Takure, Augustine O, Abdur-Rahman, Lukman Olajide, Adebisi, Mary Oluwadamilola, Adeleke, Nurudeen Abiola, Afolabi, Rafiat Tinuola, Aremu, Isiaka Ishola, Bello, Jibril Oyekunle, Lawal, Saheed Abolade, Raji, Hadijat Olaide, Igwe, Patrick O, Iweha, Ikechukwu Enyinnaya, John, Raphael E, Okoro, Philemon E, Oriji, Vaduneme Kingsley, Oweredaba, Ibiene T, Majyabere, Jean Paul, Habiyakare, Jean Aimable, Nabada, Marie Gloriose, Masengesho, Jean pierre, Niyomuremyi, Jean Paul, Uwimana, Jean Claude, Maniraguha, Hope Lydia, Urimubabo, Christian Jean, Shyirakera, Jean Yves, Adams, Mary Augusta, Ede, Chikwendu Jeffrey, Mathe, Mpho Nosipho, Nhlabathi, Ncamsile Anthea, Nxumalo, Hlengiwe Samkelisiwe, Sethoana, Mmule Evelyn, Abdulai, Samira, Agboadoh, Nelson, Akoto, Erica, Boakye-Yiadom, Kwaku, Dedey, Florence, Nsaful, Josephine, Wordui, Theodore, Abubakari, Fatao, Akunyam, Johnson, Ballu, Cletus, Ngaaso, Kennedy, Kyeremeh, Collins, Osei, Edwin, Owusu, Frank, Sie-Broni, Clement, Abdul-Hafiz, Saba, Amadu, Munira, Awe, Martin, Azanlerigu, Millicent, Edwin, Yenli, Maalekuu, Aloysius, Malechi, Hawa, Mohammed, Ibrahim, Mumuni, Kareem, Yahaya, Shekira, Alhassan, Jaabir, Jeffery-Felix, Ametepe, Naah, Gifty, Noufuentes, Carmen, Sakyi, Abraham, Chaudhary, Ramkaran, Misra, Sanjeev, Pareek, Puneet, Pathak, Manish, Sharma, Naveen, Sharma, Nivedita, Huda, Farhanul, Mishra, Neha, Ranjan, Rohit, Singh, Shanky, Solanki, Pratik, Verma, Raunak, Yhoshu, Enono, John, Suzan, Kutma, Ananta, Philips, Sanish, Hepzibah, Alice, Mary, Grace, Chetana, Chetana, Dummala, Prashant, Jacob, Jurgen, Mary, Priya, Samuel, Oliver, Sukumar, Ashwin, Syam, Niyah, Bhatt, Alisha, Bhatti, William, Dhar, Tapasya, Goyal, Ankush, Goyal, Sunita, Jain, Deepak, Jain, Rita, Kaur, Savleen, Kumar, Karan, Luther, Anil, Mahajan, Amit, Mandrelle, Kavita, Michael, Vishal, Mukherjee, Partho, Rajappa, Reuben, Singh, Prashant, Williams, Rahul, D, Sreekar, Kumari, Pushplatha, Shankar, Bharat, Sharma, Srujan, Surendran, Suraj, Thomas, Anita, Trinity, Paul, Kanchodu, Sudheer, Leshiini, K, Bansal, Ishan, Gupta, Sanjay, Gureh, Monika, Kapoor, Simran, Aggarwal, Manisha, Kanna, Vinoth, Kaur, Harmanjot, Kumar, Ashwani, Singh, Simrandeep, Singh, Gurtaj, John, Viju, Adnan, Mohammed, Kumar, Pardeep, S, Abhishek, Sehrawat, Vikram, Singla, Deepak, Thami, Gaurav, Kumar, Vijay, Mathew, Stanley, Akhtar, Naseem, Chaturvedi, Arun, Gupta, Sameer, Prakash, Puneet, Rajan, Shiv, Singh, Mohit, Tripathi, Abhilasha, Thomas, Josy, Zechariah, Pradeep, Kichu, Moloti, Joseph, Susan, Pundir, Neha, Samujh, Ram, Kour, Robindera, Saqib, Najmus, Raul, Subrat, Rautela, Komal, Sharma, Rajeev, Singh, Nishu, Vakil, Rakesh, Chowdhury, Priyanka, Chowdhury, Sona, Roy, Bipradas, Abdullahi, Aisha, Abubakar, Maimuna, Awaisu, Mudi, Bakari, Fadimatu, Bashir, Mohammed, Bello, Ahmad, Daniyan, Muhammad, Gimba, Justina, Gundu, Isaac, Oyelowo, Nasir, Sufyan, Ibrahim, Umaru-Sule, Hajara, Usman, Mohammed, Yahya, Anisah, Yakubu, Alfa, Abdullahi, Muzzammil, Soladoye, Abdulmajeed, Yahaya, Abubakar, Abdulrasheed, Lubabatu, Aminu, Bashiru, Bello-Tukur, Firdaws, Chinyio, Damai, Joshua, Samaila, Lawal, Jamila, Mohammed, Caleb, Nuwam, Deborah, Sale, Danjuma, Sani, Abdulrasheed, Tabara, Salome, Usam, Emmanuel, Yakubu, Josiah, Adegoke, Folasade, Ige, Oluwasuyi, Bakare, Adewumi, Akande, Olukemi, Anyanwu, Noble, Eke, Grace, Oyewole, Yemisi, Abunimye, Esther, Adeoluwa, Adebunmi, Adesiyakan, Adedotun, Amao, Michael, Ashley-Osuzoka, Christiana, Gbenga-Oke, Christianah, Olanrewaju, Olabisi, Olayioye, Olawunmi, Olutola, Stephen, Onyekachi, Kenneth, Osariemen, Emili, Osunwusi, Benedetto, Owie, Emmanuel, Okoro, Chukwuemeka, Ugwuanyi, Kenneth, Ugwunne, Chuka, Olasehinde, Olalekan, Akinloye, Abidemi, Akinniyi, Ayodeji, Ejimogu, Joseph, Okedare, Amos, Omotola, Omolara, Sanwo, Francis, Awodele, Kehinde, Aisuodionoe-Shadrach, Oseremen, Alfred, Janet, Atim, Terkaa, Mbajiekwe, Ndubuisi, Olori, amson, Suleiman, Salisu, Sunday, Helen, Ida, Genesis, Oruade, David, Osemwegie, Osarenkhoe, Ajibola, Gboyega, Elemile, Peter, Fakoya, Adegbolahan, Ojediran, Oluwabukade, Olagunju, Naomi, Bello, Robiat, Ojajuni, Adeolu, Oyewale, Sabur, Abhulimen, Victor, Okoi, Nnyonno, Mizero, Japhet, Mutimamwiza, Immaculee, Nirere, Francoise, Niyongombwa, Irenee, Byaruhanga, Anastase, Dukuzimana, Rongin, Uwizeye, Marcel, Ruhosha, Mathias, Igiraneza, joselyne, Ingabire, Faustine, Karekezi, Aloys, Mpirimbanyi, Christophe, Mukamazera, Lydia, Mukangabo, Clemence, Imanishimwe, Alphonsine, Kanyarukiko, Salathiel, Mukaneza, Francine, Mukantibaziyaremye, Deborah, Munyaneza, Aphrodis, Ndegamiye, Gibert, Nyirangeri, Pierrine, Tubasiime, Ronald, Dusabe, Moses, Izabiriza, Emelyne, Mutuyimana, Josiane, Mwenedata, Olivier, Rwagahirima, Elisee, Zirikana, Job, Sibomana, Isaie, Rubanguka, Desire, Umuhoza, Josine, Uwayezu, Roda, Uzikwambara, Leoncie, Dieudonne, Aime, Kabanda, Elysee, Mbonimpaye, Salomee, Mukakomite, Christine, Muroruhirwe, Piolette, Butana, Herbert, Dusabeyezu, Moise, Batangana, Mediatrice, Bucyibaruta, Georges, Mukanyange, Violette, Munyaneza, Emmanuel, Mutabazi, Emmanuel, Mwungura, Espoir, Ncogoza, Isaie, Nyirahabimana, Jeannette, Nyirasebura, Dancilla, Dusabimana, Anaclet, Kanyesigye, Sam, Munyaneza, Robert, Hyman, Gabriella, Moore, Rachel, Sentholang, Nnosa, Wondoh, Paul, Ally, Zain, Domingo, Aimee, Munda, Philip, Nyatsambo, Chido, Ojo, Victor, Pswarayi, Rudo, Cook, Jonathan, Jayne, David, Laurberg, Soeren, Brown, Julia, Smart, Neil, and Cousens, Simon
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

46. Assessing Attitudes and Confidence in Managing Erectile Dysfunction Among Urology, Internal Medicine, and Family Medicine Providers

Author: Ziegelmann, Matthew, Dumbrava, Mihai, Seyer, Amanda, Köhler, Tobias, Helo, Sevann, and Scott Collins, C.
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

47. Localising and democratising goal-based governance for sustainability

Author: Honeybun-Arnolda, E., Turner, R.A., Mukhopadhyay, R., Collins, C., and Wills, J.
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

48. Tree insect pests and pathogens: a global systematic review of their impacts in urban areas

Author: Raum, Susanne, Collins, C. Matilda, Urquhart, Julie, Potter, Clive, Pauleit, Stephan, and Egerer, Monika
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

49. 'Oriaku Vs Okpataku': The Changing Roles of Femininity within The Patriarchal Igbo Tradition in Nigeria

Author: Ifeoma Ojiakor, Adeline Nkwam-Uwaoma, Collins C Awaeze, and Emeka Williams Etumnu
Subjects: femininity, patriarchy, gender roles, oriaku, okpataku, The family. Marriage. Woman, HQ1-2044
Abstract: Over time, the ease of access has been to the advantage of men and the disadvantage of women, especially in a traditional society like Nigeria. However, despite the marginalization, it appears that women are beginning to challenge norms, traditions, cultures, and stereotypes by breaking free from the shackles of patriarchy. Hence, this study examines the current perception of femininity concerning employment and income. Specifically, it aimed at understanding how the clamor for gender equality and equity has changed one of the characteristics of femininity from “Oriaku” to “Okpataku” in a typical patriarchal society like Anambra State, Nigeria. Using the Constructionist Theory of representation as a framework, the study adopts in-depth interviews as a qualitative approach. Findings reveal that both men and women are more comfortable with being Okpataku than Oriaku, owing to the recent harsh economic reality in the country. Recommendations were made based on the findings.
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

50. Stock Market Price Effect of the Silicon Valley Bank Failure – A Pre and Within Analysis

Author: Collins C Ngwakwe
Subjects: stock market, stock price, bank failure, bankruptcy, liquidity, insolvency, Accounting. Bookkeeping, HF5601-5689, Finance, HG1-9999
Abstract: State-chartered commercial bank – Silicon Valley Bank (SVB) was the primary subsidiary of SVB Financial Group. In March 2023, after central bank–endorsed interest rate hikes during the 2021–2023 inflation surge, there was a bank run on its deposits, which led to its collapse. This marked the third-largest bank failure in U.S. history and took place alongside the March 2023 United States bank failures. This paper evaluated the differential effect of Silicon Valley Bank failure on the stock market. Two objectives were pivotal, namely the examination of differential stock price performance of SVB prior to failure. Secondly is the examination of the differential effect of SVB failure on the US S&P500 stock price performance. Applying a t-test statistics for difference in means, the results show a significant difference in mean stock price of SVB between a month and two weeks period before SVB failure at P
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources

See catalog results

Searchworks

Select search scope, currently: Articles Catalog books, media & more in Jio Institute collections Articles journal articles & other e-resources

Search

Search Constraints

Refine your results

Search Limiters

Topic

Publication Year Range

Language

Publication Type

Journal

Region

Database

Publisher

5,998 results on '"Collins, C A"'

Search Results

Catalog

Select search scope, currently: Articles

Catalog

books, media & more in Jio Institute collections

Articles

journal articles & other e-resources