Search

In this paper, we study the inclusive photoproduction of Tc̄c̄(3875)− mesons (which are the antiparticles of the doubly charmed tetraquarks Tcc(3875)+ discovered recently by the LHCb Collaboration) from nuclei in the near-threshold energy region within the nuclear spectral function approach by considering incoherent direct (γp(n)→D+(D0)Tc̄c̄(3875)−Λc+) photon–nucleon Tc̄c̄(3875)− creation processes as well as five possible different scenarios for their internal structure with the main goal of clarifying the possibility to decipher this structure (and, hence, that of Tcc(3875)+) in photoproduction via integral and differential observables. We calculate the absolute and relative excitation functions for Tc̄c̄(3875)− production off 12C and 184W target nuclei at near-threshold photon beam energies of 30–38 GeV, the absolute differential cross-sections for their production off these target nuclei at laboratory polar angles of 0∘–10∘ as well as the A and momentum dependences of the relative (transparency ratios) cross-sections for Tc̄c̄(3875)− production at photon energy of 35GeV within the adopted scenarios for the Tc̄c̄(3875)− meson intrinsic structure. We demonstrate that the absolute and relative observables considered show a certain sensitivity to these scenarios. Therefore, the measurement of such observables in future experiments at the proposed high-luminosity electron-ion colliders EIC and EicC in the US and China in the near-threshold energy region might shed light on the Tcc(3875)+ internal structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Super Tau-Charm Facility (STCF) is a proposed dual-ring electron–positron collider in China, designed to operate at a center-of-mass energy (CME) range of 2–7GeV with symmetric beam energies. The collider aims for a luminosity exceeding 5×1034cm−2s−1 at the beam energy of 2.0GeV. This work presents the preliminary lattice design for the STCF collider ring, specifically optimized for the 2.0GeV beam energy. To improve the nonlinear dynamics performance, the optimization of lattice is carried out by adjusting the strengths of sextupole and octupole magnets following the tuning of phase advances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In light of recent measurements suggesting potential lepton flavor universality violations in semileptonic decays at collider experiments, this article provides a concise study of tree- and loop-level B-hadron semileptonic decays, b → c l ν l and b → s l + l - . We provide predictions for lepton flavor violating observables, R J / ψ and R η c , across the entire q 2 range. Our study employs the Relativistic Independent Quark Model (RIQM), highlighting a model-dependent approach to these observables. We compare our model's predictions with existing lattice predictions, demonstrating the strong applicability of the RIQM framework in describing B c decays. Additionally, we reassess global averages for R D (D ∗) and R K (K ∗) in semileptonic transitions. With the upcoming experimental upgrades and the anticipated Run 3 data on B c meson decays, rapid confirmation of these quantities could indicate significant evidence of physics beyond the Standard Model, thereby opening new pathways for understanding the complex flavor dynamics in B meson decays. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, we discuss various phenomenological implications of possible R-parity violating (RPV) supersymmetric scenarios. In this context, the implications of both bilinear and trilinear RPV terms are reviewed from the viewpoint of neutrino physics, anomalous muon magnetic moment, different flavor observables, and collider physics. Apart from discussing the distinctive phenomenological implications of the RPV scenarios, we also survey the updated results from different studies to highlight the present status of the RPV couplings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We present a new method for direct measurement of all Michel parameters in the τ−→μ−ν̄μντ decay related to the polarization of the daughter muon: ξ′, ξ′′, η′′, α′/A, and β′/A. The method is based on the reconstruction of the muon decays-in-flight in the tracker of the e+e− collider experiments and relies on the correlation between muon spin and its daughter electron momentum. The low probability of decay-in-flight in the tracker volume is compensated by the unprecedented statistics of modern flavor factories, which ultimately leads to the possibility of achieving high accuracy. We discuss the application of the suggested method in the experiments at e+e− colliders and present a feasibility study for the future Super Charm-Tau Factory experiment. We also discuss the result of the first use of the proposed method in the Belle experiment, confirming its applicability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rare and exotic decay modes of the Higgs boson are one kind of interesting decay processes, which can be used as a tool to further test the SM and search for new physics phenomena. In this paper, considering the constraints on the H Z a coupling from the relevant LHC data, we calculate the contributions of the light axion-like particle (ALP) with mass less than 200 MeV to the rare Higgs decays H → ν ν ¯ γ , H → ℓ + ℓ − γ and H → Z ν ν ¯. Our numerical results show that the light ALP can indeed generate significantly contributions to these decay processes. The value of the branching ratio Br (H → ν ν γ) induced only by ALP is larger than the SM prediction at least one order of magnitude. We expect that our results might be helpful to test the indirect signals of light ALP in near future collider experiments, particularly in future lepton collider experiments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we show that loop-induced processes involving new physics particles can readily satisfy Landau Equation and trigger triangular singularities at high-energy colliders, leading to fully visible Standard Model final states. In addition, a t-channel triangular singularity can also occur during particle scattering processes that may extend to low momentum exchange. We discuss several typical scenarios in supersymmetric and extended Higgs models, and three types of final-state kinematic features at the collider. Four-particle vertices in new physics can play a significant role in high energy diagrams. We identify an "everything on shell" triangular singularity diagram only involving bosonic couplings, which has the potential to completely avoid large virtuality suppression. We further show that such a virtuality-free diagram is missing in the Standard Model at electroweak scale, and it becomes available in new physics models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Super Tau-Charm Facility (STCF) is a next-generation positron–electron collider experiment, designed to study various physics topics in the tau-charm energy region. The designed peak luminosity of STCF is 0.5×1035cm−2s−1, which is almost two orders of magnitude higher than the current tau-charm factory, BESIII. To implement the offline data processing tasks, as well as tackling the great challenge posed by the huge data volume, the offline software of STCF (OSCAR) is designed to implement the detector simulation, digitization, calibration, reconstruction as well as to provide a common platform for data analysis. This paper presents the status and progress of the OSCAR system, including the design, implementation as well as the preliminary performance of the core software, detector simulation, digitization and background mixing and reconstruction algorithms for all sub-detectors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

International Linear Collider (ILC) is a viable option for realization of a future Higgs factory. With proven accelerator technology and technically mature detector design, ILC offers well-understood physics program in the top, EW and Higgs sectors. Clean environment of electron–positron collisions, together with beam polarization of both beams and center-of-mass reach at a TeV scale, will make ILC a precision tool to probe realizations of new physics. The above will be illustrated on examples of fully simulated measurements in the Higgs sector, including Higgs couplings, Higgs self-coupling, CP violation measurements and Higgs exotic decay studies at ILC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We explore the possibility of detecting the couplings of axion-like particle (ALP) with leptons from their loop-level impact on the ALP couplings to electroweak (EW) gauge bosons via the signal process at the circular electron positron collider (CEPC) and obtain prospective sensitivities to the ALP-lepton couplings. Our numerical results show that the CEPC with the center of mass energy s = 240 (91) GeV and the integrated luminosity L = 5.6 (16) ab - 1 might be sensitive for probing the ALP-lepton couplings in the ALP mass range from 10 GeV to 130 (50) GeV, where the prospective sensitivities to the ALP-neutrino coupling T r (g a ν ν) / f a can be as low as 0.016 (0.012) GeV - 1 and 0.0031 (2.8 × 10 - 4) GeV - 1 for c R = 0 and c R = c L , and to the ALP-charged lepton coupling T r (g a ℓ ℓ) / f a can be as low as 0.035 (0.07) GeV - 1 for c L = 0 . We find that the prospective sensitivities given by the CEPC are not covered by the current and expected exclusion regions in some ALP mass intervals. The CEPC has the potential for exploring the ALP-neutrino couplings via some promising processes induced by the ALP-EW gauge boson couplings in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The cross section was measured at center of mass (c.m.) energies from the threshold to 1908 MeV. The experiment to measure the cross section has been carried out at the VEPP-2000 collider in 13 energy points. The SND detector is used to detect the produced neutron–antineutrons () events. A special time measurement system on the calorimeter was used to select the time-delayed events. The measured cross section is 0.4–0.6 nb. The neutron effective timelike form factor in the energy range under study varies from 0.3 to 0.6. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to measure integrated luminosity with the required precision of |$10^{-4}$| at the |$Z^0$| pole, the proposed CEPC |$e^{+}e^{-}$| collider requires a luminometer, a specially designed calorimeter placed in the very forward region to identify Bhabha scattering at low polar angles. Usually, such a device is placed at the outgoing beams, to keep the spatial symmetries of the head-on collisions at accelerators with a nonzero crossing angle. At CEPC it is currently proposed to place the luminometer on the z -axis. We review the feasibility of measurement of the integrated luminosity at the |$Z^{0}$| pole with the required precision, focusing on the luminometer centered around the z -axis and the post-CDR beam properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The relative center-of-mass energy spread σW∕W at e+e− colliders is 풪(10−3), which is much larger than the widths of narrow resonances J∕ψ, ψ(2S), ϒ(1S), ϒ(2S), ϒ(3S) mesons, tauonium and some others. Its reduction would significantly increase the resonance production rates and open up great opportunities in the search for new physics. In this paper, we propose a new monochromatization method for colliders with a large crossing angle (which can provide a high luminosity). The contribution of the beam energy spread to σW is canceled by introducing an appropriate energy–angle correlation at the interaction point; σW∕W∼(0.5−1)×10−5 appears possible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Super Tau Charm Facility (STCF) is a state-of-the-art electron-positron collider operating in the center-of-mass energy range of 2–7GeV and achieving a peak luminosity of more than 0.5×1035cm−2s−1, which is pivotal for advancing particle physics research. The DIRC-like time-of-flight (DTOF) detector is one of the crucial components of the STCF, designed to identify high-momentum charged particles with high precision. A significant element of the DTOF is the microchannel plate photomultiplier tube (MCP-PMT), known for its exceptional time resolution in the detection of Cherenkov light. With the STCF expected to operate for over a decade, stringent requirements are imposed on the MCP-PMT, requiring an integrated anode charge (IAC) in excess of 10C/cm2. In this paper, the lifetime of the single anode MCP-PMT prototypes is investigated and a multi-anode MCP-PMT design is presented. The results show that the lifetime of the single anode MCP-PMT is greater than 11C/cm2 when a 6 nm-thick ALD layer is deposited on the inner surface of the MCP and an electron scrubbing dosage of 0.75μA⋅h/cm2 is applied to the MCP. The lifetime is expected to be further improved by increasing the electron scrubbing dosage and optimizing the ALD layer. The studies on the single anode MCP-PMTs will be applied to the development of the long-life multi-anode MCP-PMT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A proposal has been made for the construction of a new generation of high-luminosity electron-positron colliders known as the Super Tau-Charm Facility (STCF) in China. The STCF aims to achieve a luminosity exceeding 0.5×1035cm−2s−1 and will operate within a center-of-mass energy range of 2 to 7GeV. Given the design challenges of the STCF collider ring, swap-out injection has been proposed as an alternative method for achieving the desired luminosity. Consequently, the STCF injector will explore both off-axis injection and swap-out injection methods concurrently. This paper will detail the ongoing research progress on these two injection techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Super Tau Charm Facility (STCF) is a new generation of high brightness electron–positron collider planned by China, designed to achieve a center of mass collision energy is 2–7GeV and a peak brightness is 0.5–1×1035cm−2s−1. The digital low-level RF control system (LLRF), as the essential equipment of the storage ring RF system, is usually responsible for maintaining the stability of the cavity field. This paper presents the design scheme of LLRF for cavity in STCF storage ring, which mainly includes the hardware structure and software design of the system. We perform simulation analysis on the STCF RF system to evaluate the influence of delay and control parameters on the stability of the system and the influence of control parameters on the suppression of two kinds of noise. Desktop testing on the existing prototype demonstrates that the adopted direct-sampling architecture introduces less phase drift compared to the down-conversion architecture. Under the direct-sampling architecture, non-IQ demodulation offers better SNR and stability in both amplitude and phase. Specifically, direct-sampling in non-IQ mode achieves open-loop RMS short-term stability of 0.019% for amplitude and 0.021∘ for phase. Long-term stability in the closed-loop setting measures 0.027% for amplitude and 0.024∘ for phase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A theoretical attempt is made to present the unparticles contribution to the muon processes μ ± μ − → μ ± μ − , in Standard Model (SM), Randall–Sundrum (RS) model and RS model with unparticles (RS()) including scalar and vector unparticles. We evaluated the cross-sections versus the scattering angle cos θ , the kinetic energy W μ − of the outgoing muon beams, the collision energy s , the scaling dimension d and the energy scale Λ . The numerical results show that the cross-sections of two processes in RS() are much larger than in SM. The μ + and μ − beams can be accelerated and collided, producing the outgoing μ + and μ − beams as final states with large kinetic energy to probe new physics effects. The total cross-sections depend strongly on the polarization conditions of incoming muon and anti-muon beams, the scaling dimension d and the energy scale Λ . The final states of the muon collisions also depend on s of colliders and unparticles parameter: ( Λ , d ) if unparticle physics included. The results subsequently lead to the unparticle contribution as propagator significantly larger than SM and Higgs–radion propagator. Hence, it would be worthwhile probing at the future colliders when the muons become the accelerating candidates in the collisions we restricted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Construction of the ERLC (twin LC) collider tangential to LHC will allow investigating ep collisions at essentially higher center-of-mass energies than ERL-50 and LHC based ep collider. Luminosity estimations show that values well exceeding 1034 cm-2s-1 can be achieved for ERLC and HL-LHC based ep colliders. Certainly, proposed ep colliders have great potential for clarifying QCD basics and new physics search in addition to providing precise PDFs for adequate interpretation of the LHC experimental data. Another alternative to the ERL-50 is to construct an e-ring with the same energy and length. In this case, luminosity of order 1034cm-2s-1 can be reached. The advantage of this option is that the μ-ring can be installed instead of the e-ring as a next stage, which will allow to reach a much higher center of mass energy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, we present a search strategy for heavy charged Higgs boson at compact linear collider (CLIC) as a future e + e - collider. The signal is charged Higgs boson pair production in two Higgs doublet model (2HDM) followed by H ± → W ± H and H → b b ¯ . Here, H denotes the heavy CP-even neutral Higgs boson of the model. The collider center of mass energy is chosen to be s = 1400 GeV as the second stage of CLIC operation. In this case, m H + < s / 2 can be explored due to the pair production. It is shown that the signal of charged Higgs in the mass range 250 GeV < m H + < 650 GeV in fully hadronic final state, containing four b-jets from neutral Higgs and four jets from W bosons, can well be observed on top of the standard model background. Finally 5 σ contours are presented in (m H ± , m H) space for different tan β values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Circular Electron–Positron Collider (CEPC) in China can also work as an excellent powerful synchrotron light source, which can generate high‐quality synchrotron radiation. This synchrotron radiation has potential advantages in the medical field as it has a broad spectrum, with energies ranging from visible light to X‐rays used in conventional radiotherapy, up to several megaelectronvolts. FLASH radiotherapy is one of the most advanced radiotherapy modalities. It is a radiotherapy method that uses ultra‐high dose rate irradiation to achieve the treatment dose in an instant; the ultra‐high dose rate used is generally greater than 40 Gy s−1, and this type of radiotherapy can protect normal tissues well. In this paper, the treatment effect of CEPC synchrotron radiation for FLASH radiotherapy was evaluated by simulation. First, a Geant4 simulation was used to build a synchrotron radiation radiotherapy beamline station, and then the dose rate that the CEPC can produce was calculated. A physicochemical model of radiotherapy response kinetics was then established, and a large number of radiotherapy experimental data were comprehensively used to fit and determine the functional relationship between the treatment effect, dose rate and dose. Finally, the macroscopic treatment effect of FLASH radiotherapy was predicted using CEPC synchrotron radiation through the dose rate and the above‐mentioned functional relationship. The results show that the synchrotron radiation beam from the CEPC is one of the best beams for FLASH radiotherapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Axion-like particles (ALPs), which are pseudo-scalar particles, appear in various new physics models with the spontaneous global symmetry breaking. The difference between ALPs and axion models is that for the former both masses and couplings of ALPs are free parameters. It appears that the ALPs with masses above 1 GeV are beyond the reach of low-energy accelerators, existing cosmological and astrophysical constraints, while high-energy colliders provide unique possibilities to explore such particles. With the establishment of the International Muon Collider Collaboration, muon colliders have been widely concerned. In general, ALPs are mainly produced at muon colliders through the μ + μ − annihilation and electroweak vector-boson-fusion (VBF) processes. In this paper, we study the prospect of the production of heavy ALPs with mass greater than 10 GeV via the massless γ γ -fusion process at the multi-TeV muon collider. Focusing on the couplings of ALPs to the Standard Model gauge bosons, we obtain the excluding and discovering capabilities for ALPs at the 3 TeV and 10 TeV muon colliders. Our numerical results suggest that the multi-TeV muon collider may be more sensitive to ALPs with the mass of 35–400 GeV than LHC, and can provide the possibility to search for ALPs with masses greater than 3 TeV. In addition, we also discuss the effect of narrow width approximation on the ALP search sensitivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the explosion of data on jet-based observables in relativistic heavy-ion collisions at the Large Hadron Collider and the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider, perturbative Quantum Chromodynamics (pQCD)-based simulations of these processes, often interacting with an expanding viscous fluid dynamical background, have taken center stage. This review is meant to bridge the gap between theory, simulation and phenomenology of jet modification in a dense medium. We will demonstrate how the existence of such end-to-end event generators with semi-realistic or even fully realistic final states allows for the most rigorous comparisons between pQCD-based jet modification theory and experiment. State-of-the-art calculations of several jet-based observables are presented. Extensions of this theory to jets in the small systems of p–A and e–A collisions are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The production of polarized mesons at the NICA (Nuclotron based Ion Collider fAcility) energy of GeV is studied on the basis of the generalized parton model in the leading order of perturbative QCD. The hadronization of a quark pair to a meson is described within the model of nonrelativistic QCD. Nonperturbative model parameters are determined on the basis of a comparison with available experimental data on the production of prompt mesons at the energies of GeV (NA3) and GeV (PHENIX). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we utilize the effective Lagrangian method within the tree-level Born approximation to explore ϕ -meson photoproduction, i.e. γ p → ϕ p. Our analysis encompasses contributions from various sources, including the Pomeron, f 1 -Regge, pseudoscalar particles (π , η), scalar particles ( a 0 , f 0 ), protons, and three-nucleon resonance states. In addition, we consider a possible pentaquark-like K ∗ Σ -bound state P s . The findings indicate that, apart from the region near the threshold, contributions other than the Pomeron generally have a limited impact on the total cross-section. However, alternative contributions become crucial at specific angles, particularly at smaller values of cos θ. The incorporation of P s and other nucleon resonances proves essential to elucidate the bump observed near W ∼ 2. 1 5 GeV at very forward angles and behaviors within the range of W = (2. 0 − 2. 3) GeV. Furthermore, in the region with W ≥ 2. 5 GeV, where nucleon resonances become negligible, contributions from the t-channel mesons become pivotal. Our calculations for spin density matrix components, examined in various frames, exhibit improvement when considering all contributions. This comprehensive approach successfully reproduces the observed bump by including P s . We also briefly estimate the P s production via ϕ -meson photoproduction in the future Electron-Ion Collider (EIC), resulting in the luminosity of 10 fb − 1 per month. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is growing interest in the development of a muon collider that would make it possible to produce lepton collisions at energies of several TeV. Among others, there can be significant contributions to electroweak gauge boson, Higgs boson, and top quark physics. In this work, we pay attention to the latter, in particular, effective flavor‐changing (FC) top‐quark interactions. We discuss the flavor‐changing tq¯q=u,c production processes that can be a good probe of the dimension‐six top quark four‐fermion and fermion‐boson operators in the SMEFT. We consider all sixteen operators that can generate flavor‐changing top quark couplings. After comparing with the current LHC bounds, we find potential limits three or four orders of magnitude stronger for four‐fermion operators. Concerning fermion‐boson couplings, for the tensor operators QuW and QuB, we obtain the highest sensitivity. We also observe that the effective W approximation (EWA) does not apply with QuB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We investigate the cos 2 ϕ h azimuthal asymmetry contributed by the coupling of the Boer–Mulders function and the Collins function in K ± - and Λ -hyperon-produced SIDIS process. The asymmetry is studied under the transverse-momentum-dependent (TMD) factorization framework at the leading order by considering the TMD evolution effects that utilize the parametrization for non-perturbative Sudakov form factors. The DGLAP evolution effects of the collinear counterpart of the Collins function of the final-state hadrons are considered by introducing the approximated evolution kernels. We utilize the available parametrization for the proton Boer–Mulders function and the Collins function of K ± . For the Collins function of the Λ hyperon, the result of the diquark spectator model is adopted due to the absence of parametrization. The numerical results of the cos 2 ϕ h azimuthal asymmetry are obtained in the kinematic regions of EIC and EicC. It can be shown that the asymmetry is much smaller than the Sivers asymmetry, which means that the convolution of the Boer–Mulders function and the Collins function may not be the main contributor to the cos 2 ϕ h asymmetry. We emphasize the importance of future measurement of the cos 2 ϕ h asymmetry to unravel different contributors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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In this work, the possible dynamics of the massive leptonic photon Zl are reconsidered via the e+e- → µ+µ-process at the Compact Linear Collider (CLIC) with the updated center-of-mass energies (380, 1500, and 3000 GeV). We show that new generation colliders as CLIC can observe the massive leptophilic vector boson Zl with mass up to the center-ofmass energy, provided that the leptonic coupling constant is gl = 10-3. In this study, we also estimated the cross sections by artificial neural networks using the theoretical results we obtained for CLIC. According to the results obtained, it was seen that these predictions could be made through machine learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Interest in searches for Charged Lepton Flavor Violation (CLFV) has continued in the past few decades since the observation of CLFV would indicate a new physics Beyond the Standard Model (BSM). As several future lepton colliders with high luminosity have been proposed, the search for CLFV will reach an unprecedented level of precision. Many BSM models allow CLFV processes at the tree level, such as the R-parity-violating (RPV) Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM), which is a good choice for benchmarking. In this paper, we perform a detailed fast Monte Carlo simulation study on RPV-induced CLFV processes at future lepton colliders, including a 240 GeV circular electron positron collider (CEPC) and a 6 or 14 TeV Muon Collider. As a result, we found that the upper limits on the τ -related RPV couplings will be significantly improved, while several new limits on RPV couplings can be set, which are inaccessible by low-energy experiments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Spin Physics Detector (SPD) at the Nuclotron based Ion Collider fAcility (NICA) is designed to study nucleon spin structure in the three dimensions. At design energy, the leading mechanism of charm meson pair production in proton–proton collisions is the gluon fusion. At the SPD, charmed mesons can be detected via their hadronic decay channels. While these measurements are challenging due to orders of magnitude larger hadronic background, we demonstrate the capacity to obtain asymmetry measurements that can make an impact on the present understanding of gluon Transverse Momentum Dependent (TMD) distributions inside protons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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