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3. General guide to the Museum of the College of Charleston

Author

College of Charleston. Museum, Ashley, Geo. H. (George Hall), 1866-1951, University Library, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, College of Charleston. Museum, and Ashley, Geo. H. (George Hall), 1866-1951

Subjects
Charleston, College of Charleston, Guidebooks, Museum, Natural history museums, South Carolina

4. Bulletin of the College of Charleston Museum.

Author

Rea, Paul Marshall, 1878, College of Charleston. Museum, and New York Botanical Garden, LuEsther T. Mertz Library

Subjects
Natural history, Periodicals, South Carolina
Published
1905

5. Introduction to Bibliography and Research Methods Handbook.

Author

College of Charleston, SC. Robert Scott Small Library. and Oberman-Soroka, Cerise

Abstract

Used as a primary text for a required one-hour basic research methods course at the College of Charleston, this handbook is designed to familiarize the student with the basic precepts and tools used in research. Each of the seven chapters represents a different step in the research process: (1) locating background information--encyclopedias; (2) locating books and monographs--card catalog; (3) locating magazine, journal, and newspaper articles--periodicals, periodical indexes, and abstracts; (4) evaluating books, films, and plays--review sources; (5) locating biographical information; (6) tracing government legislation; and (7) citing sources--descriptive bibliography. Call numbers are provided for all reference sources cited, and a flow chart for basic research methodology is included. An appendix presents general information on the College of Charleston libraries, describes the Charleston Consortium, and provides a glossary. (Author/JD)

Published
1979

6. A Users Survey of the College of Charleston's Robert Scott Small Library: Conducted Spring 1980.

Author

College of Charleston, SC. Robert Scott Small Library. and Linton, Rebecca Ann

Abstract

Self-administered survey questionnaires completed by 57 percent of the college faculty and a random sample comprising 10 percent of the undergraduate population provide information on who uses the College of Charleston's library materials and services, why they use them, and in what areas users are satisfied or dissatisfied with the library. Tables identify faculty response rate, position, and length of service, as well as student response rate, enrollment status, and major field of study. Responses to the two questionnaires are analyzed and reported, including faculty perceptions of the library as a resource tool for teaching and the adequacy of the collections, student participation in library instruction, and comments on services and operations from both groups. This survey was conducted in order to identify areas in which the library's materials and services can be improved or extended to better meet user needs and play a more active role in the educational process. (RAA)

Published
1980

8. Grass roots : the enduring art of the lowcountry basket

Author

Sardet, Dana., Snype, Henrietta., Wigfall, Nakia., Baxter, Quentin E., Rosengarten, Dale , 1948, Center for the Documentary at the College of Charleston, Avery Research Center, Museum for African Art (New York, N.Y.), Sardet, Dana., Snype, Henrietta., Wigfall, Nakia., Baxter, Quentin E., Rosengarten, Dale , 1948, Center for the Documentary at the College of Charleston, Avery Research Center, and Museum for African Art (New York, N.Y.)

Abstract

Basket makers of Mount Pleasant, South Carolina are filmed harvesting materials used to create their baskets, making their baskets, and talking about the meaning of their work. This documentary explores the current state of this kind of coiled grass basketry in the lowcountry of South Carolina and what its future may be., A different day (5:58) -- African rice & baskets (5:05)., direction, videography & editing, Dana Sardet ; produced by the Center for the Documentary at the College of Charleston in association with Avery Research Center for African American History & Culture, and the Museum for African Art, New York., "Distributed with assistance from the South Carolina National Heritage Corridor and the Avery Research Center"--Label on outer wrapper., Funding provided by Henry & Sylvia Yaschik Foundation, Gaylord & Dorothy Donnelley Foundation, Humanities Council (S.C.), South Carolina Arts Commission., Includes 2 short video clips: A different day : the Penn School (5:58 min.), which provides the eyewitness account of LeRoy E. Brown of basket making at the Penn School on St. Helena Island, South Carolina in the early 20th century; with period photographs by Leigh Richmond Miner ; and African rice & baskets (5:05 min.), which depicts the rice-growing regions of Sierra Leone and Senegal where today villagers make colorful coiled baskets with similarities to basket making in lowcountry South Carolina., DVD., Community advisors, Henrietta Snype, Nakia Wigfall ; original jazz compositions, Quentin E. Baxter ; historian, Dale Rosengarten.

Published
2008

9. Leon Fleisher & Katherine Jacobson Fleisher [concert program]

Author

Kirk-Evan Billet, JungEun Kim, College of Charleston School of the Arts, Kirk-Evan Billet, JungEun Kim, and College of Charleston School of the Arts

Abstract

Program folder for concert on October 16, 2007, by Leon Fleisher and Katherine Jacobson Fleisher. Bach/Petri: Sheep may safely graze -- Koston: Messages I -- Kirchner: For the left hand -- Bach: Chromatic fantasy and fugue in D minor -- Bach/Brahms: Chaconne -- Schubert: Fantasy in F minor, D. 940 -- Ravel/Garban: La valse. Includes biographical notes, photograph. 4 pages. 2 copies.

Published
2007

10. Some Theory.

Author

Garcia.aus poetry appears or is forthcoming in Arts & Letters, Massachusetts Review, Poet Lore, The Shore, and elsewhere. He holds an MFA from the College of Charleston and is a 2021-22 Stadler Fellow at Bucknell University., Joshua

Published
2021

11. Comment Letters to proposed statement on standards for attestation engagements : Management's discussion and analysis

Author

American Institute of Certified Public Accountants. Accounting Standards Board, College of Charleston, Podgor, Benjamin, Arkansas Society of Certified Public Accountants, V. L. Auld & Associates, Sullivan & Cromwell, American Institute of Certified Public Accountants. Private Companies Practice Section, New York State Society of Certified Public Accountants, New Hampshire Society of Certified Public Accountants, Institute of Management Accountants, Society of Louisiana Certified Public Accountants, Dennis, Lynda Munion, Air Products, Pennsylvania. Governor's Office, Arthur Andersen, Business and Industry Executive Committee. Professional Issues Subcommittee, New Jersey Society of Certified Public Accountants, New Jersey. Office of Legislative Services. Office of the State Auditor, Price Waterhouse, Deloitte Touche, Massachusetts Society of Certified Public Accountants, General Electric, Coopers & Lybrand, Grant Thornton, Illinois Certified Public Accountants Society. Committee on Auditing Services, Texas Society of Certified Public Accountants. Houston Chapter, Association for Investment Management and Research, Ernst & Young, Financial Executives Institute, Corning, Robert Morris Associates. Accounting Policy Committee, Securities Industry Association. Capital Markets Committee, American Bar Association. Section of Business Law, American Institute of Certified Public Accountants. Accounting Standards Board, College of Charleston, Podgor, Benjamin, Arkansas Society of Certified Public Accountants, V. L. Auld & Associates, Sullivan & Cromwell, American Institute of Certified Public Accountants. Private Companies Practice Section, New York State Society of Certified Public Accountants, New Hampshire Society of Certified Public Accountants, Institute of Management Accountants, Society of Louisiana Certified Public Accountants, Dennis, Lynda Munion, Air Products, Pennsylvania. Governor's Office, Arthur Andersen, Business and Industry Executive Committee. Professional Issues Subcommittee, New Jersey Society of Certified Public Accountants, New Jersey. Office of Legislative Services. Office of the State Auditor, Price Waterhouse, Deloitte Touche, Massachusetts Society of Certified Public Accountants, General Electric, Coopers & Lybrand, Grant Thornton, Illinois Certified Public Accountants Society. Committee on Auditing Services, Texas Society of Certified Public Accountants. Houston Chapter, Association for Investment Management and Research, Ernst & Young, Financial Executives Institute, Corning, Robert Morris Associates. Accounting Policy Committee, Securities Industry Association. Capital Markets Committee, and American Bar Association. Section of Business Law

Abstract

Copyright and permission to reprint held by: American Institute of Certified Public Accountants, https://egrove.olemiss.edu/aicpa_sas/1108/thumbnail.jpg

12. Comment Letters to proposed statement on standards for attestation engagements : Management's discussion and analysis

Author

American Institute of Certified Public Accountants. Accounting Standards Board, College of Charleston, Podgor, Benjamin, Arkansas Society of Certified Public Accountants, V. L. Auld & Associates, Sullivan & Cromwell, American Institute of Certified Public Accountants. Private Companies Practice Section, New York State Society of Certified Public Accountants, New Hampshire Society of Certified Public Accountants, Institute of Management Accountants, Society of Louisiana Certified Public Accountants, Dennis, Lynda Munion, Air Products, Pennsylvania. Governor's Office, Arthur Andersen, Business and Industry Executive Committee. Professional Issues Subcommittee, New Jersey Society of Certified Public Accountants, New Jersey. Office of Legislative Services. Office of the State Auditor, Price Waterhouse, Deloitte Touche, Massachusetts Society of Certified Public Accountants, General Electric, Coopers & Lybrand, Grant Thornton, Illinois Certified Public Accountants Society. Committee on Auditing Services, Texas Society of Certified Public Accountants. Houston Chapter, Association for Investment Management and Research, Ernst & Young, Financial Executives Institute, Corning, Robert Morris Associates. Accounting Policy Committee, Securities Industry Association. Capital Markets Committee, American Bar Association. Section of Business Law, American Institute of Certified Public Accountants. Accounting Standards Board, College of Charleston, Podgor, Benjamin, Arkansas Society of Certified Public Accountants, V. L. Auld & Associates, Sullivan & Cromwell, American Institute of Certified Public Accountants. Private Companies Practice Section, New York State Society of Certified Public Accountants, New Hampshire Society of Certified Public Accountants, Institute of Management Accountants, Society of Louisiana Certified Public Accountants, Dennis, Lynda Munion, Air Products, Pennsylvania. Governor's Office, Arthur Andersen, Business and Industry Executive Committee. Professional Issues Subcommittee, New Jersey Society of Certified Public Accountants, New Jersey. Office of Legislative Services. Office of the State Auditor, Price Waterhouse, Deloitte Touche, Massachusetts Society of Certified Public Accountants, General Electric, Coopers & Lybrand, Grant Thornton, Illinois Certified Public Accountants Society. Committee on Auditing Services, Texas Society of Certified Public Accountants. Houston Chapter, Association for Investment Management and Research, Ernst & Young, Financial Executives Institute, Corning, Robert Morris Associates. Accounting Policy Committee, Securities Industry Association. Capital Markets Committee, and American Bar Association. Section of Business Law

Abstract

Copyright and permission to reprint held by: American Institute of Certified Public Accountants, https://egrove.olemiss.edu/aicpa_sas/1108/thumbnail.jpg

13. Comment Letters to proposed statement on standards for attestation engagements : Management's discussion and analysis

Author

American Institute of Certified Public Accountants. Accounting Standards Board, College of Charleston, Podgor, Benjamin, Arkansas Society of Certified Public Accountants, V. L. Auld & Associates, Sullivan & Cromwell, American Institute of Certified Public Accountants. Private Companies Practice Section, New York State Society of Certified Public Accountants, New Hampshire Society of Certified Public Accountants, Institute of Management Accountants, Society of Louisiana Certified Public Accountants, Dennis, Lynda Munion, Air Products, Pennsylvania. Governor's Office, Arthur Andersen, Business and Industry Executive Committee. Professional Issues Subcommittee, New Jersey Society of Certified Public Accountants, New Jersey. Office of Legislative Services. Office of the State Auditor, Price Waterhouse, Deloitte Touche, Massachusetts Society of Certified Public Accountants, General Electric, Coopers & Lybrand, Grant Thornton, Illinois Certified Public Accountants Society. Committee on Auditing Services, Texas Society of Certified Public Accountants. Houston Chapter, Association for Investment Management and Research, Ernst & Young, Financial Executives Institute, Corning, Robert Morris Associates. Accounting Policy Committee, Securities Industry Association. Capital Markets Committee, American Bar Association. Section of Business Law, American Institute of Certified Public Accountants. Accounting Standards Board, College of Charleston, Podgor, Benjamin, Arkansas Society of Certified Public Accountants, V. L. Auld & Associates, Sullivan & Cromwell, American Institute of Certified Public Accountants. Private Companies Practice Section, New York State Society of Certified Public Accountants, New Hampshire Society of Certified Public Accountants, Institute of Management Accountants, Society of Louisiana Certified Public Accountants, Dennis, Lynda Munion, Air Products, Pennsylvania. Governor's Office, Arthur Andersen, Business and Industry Executive Committee. Professional Issues Subcommittee, New Jersey Society of Certified Public Accountants, New Jersey. Office of Legislative Services. Office of the State Auditor, Price Waterhouse, Deloitte Touche, Massachusetts Society of Certified Public Accountants, General Electric, Coopers & Lybrand, Grant Thornton, Illinois Certified Public Accountants Society. Committee on Auditing Services, Texas Society of Certified Public Accountants. Houston Chapter, Association for Investment Management and Research, Ernst & Young, Financial Executives Institute, Corning, Robert Morris Associates. Accounting Policy Committee, Securities Industry Association. Capital Markets Committee, and American Bar Association. Section of Business Law

Abstract

Copyright and permission to reprint held by: American Institute of Certified Public Accountants, https://egrove.olemiss.edu/aicpa_sas/1108/thumbnail.jpg

14. Comment Letters to proposed statement on standards for attestation engagements : Management's discussion and analysis

Author

American Institute of Certified Public Accountants. Accounting Standards Board, College of Charleston, Podgor, Benjamin, Arkansas Society of Certified Public Accountants, V. L. Auld & Associates, Sullivan & Cromwell, American Institute of Certified Public Accountants. Private Companies Practice Section, New York State Society of Certified Public Accountants, New Hampshire Society of Certified Public Accountants, Institute of Management Accountants, Society of Louisiana Certified Public Accountants, Dennis, Lynda Munion, Air Products, Pennsylvania. Governor's Office, Arthur Andersen, Business and Industry Executive Committee. Professional Issues Subcommittee, New Jersey Society of Certified Public Accountants, New Jersey. Office of Legislative Services. Office of the State Auditor, Price Waterhouse, Deloitte Touche, Massachusetts Society of Certified Public Accountants, General Electric, Coopers & Lybrand, Grant Thornton, Illinois Certified Public Accountants Society. Committee on Auditing Services, Texas Society of Certified Public Accountants. Houston Chapter, Association for Investment Management and Research, Ernst & Young, Financial Executives Institute, Corning, Robert Morris Associates. Accounting Policy Committee, Securities Industry Association. Capital Markets Committee, American Bar Association. Section of Business Law, American Institute of Certified Public Accountants. Accounting Standards Board, College of Charleston, Podgor, Benjamin, Arkansas Society of Certified Public Accountants, V. L. Auld & Associates, Sullivan & Cromwell, American Institute of Certified Public Accountants. Private Companies Practice Section, New York State Society of Certified Public Accountants, New Hampshire Society of Certified Public Accountants, Institute of Management Accountants, Society of Louisiana Certified Public Accountants, Dennis, Lynda Munion, Air Products, Pennsylvania. Governor's Office, Arthur Andersen, Business and Industry Executive Committee. Professional Issues Subcommittee, New Jersey Society of Certified Public Accountants, New Jersey. Office of Legislative Services. Office of the State Auditor, Price Waterhouse, Deloitte Touche, Massachusetts Society of Certified Public Accountants, General Electric, Coopers & Lybrand, Grant Thornton, Illinois Certified Public Accountants Society. Committee on Auditing Services, Texas Society of Certified Public Accountants. Houston Chapter, Association for Investment Management and Research, Ernst & Young, Financial Executives Institute, Corning, Robert Morris Associates. Accounting Policy Committee, Securities Industry Association. Capital Markets Committee, and American Bar Association. Section of Business Law

Abstract

Copyright and permission to reprint held by: American Institute of Certified Public Accountants, https://egrove.olemiss.edu/aicpa_sas/1108/thumbnail.jpg

15. Comment Letters to proposed statement on standards for attestation engagements : Management's discussion and analysis

Author

American Institute of Certified Public Accountants. Accounting Standards Board, College of Charleston, Podgor, Benjamin, Arkansas Society of Certified Public Accountants, V. L. Auld & Associates, Sullivan & Cromwell, American Institute of Certified Public Accountants. Private Companies Practice Section, New York State Society of Certified Public Accountants, New Hampshire Society of Certified Public Accountants, Institute of Management Accountants, Society of Louisiana Certified Public Accountants, Dennis, Lynda Munion, Air Products, Pennsylvania. Governor's Office, Arthur Andersen, Business and Industry Executive Committee. Professional Issues Subcommittee, New Jersey Society of Certified Public Accountants, New Jersey. Office of Legislative Services. Office of the State Auditor, Price Waterhouse, Deloitte Touche, Massachusetts Society of Certified Public Accountants, General Electric, Coopers & Lybrand, Grant Thornton, Illinois Certified Public Accountants Society. Committee on Auditing Services, Texas Society of Certified Public Accountants. Houston Chapter, Association for Investment Management and Research, Ernst & Young, Financial Executives Institute, Corning, Robert Morris Associates. Accounting Policy Committee, Securities Industry Association. Capital Markets Committee, American Bar Association. Section of Business Law, American Institute of Certified Public Accountants. Accounting Standards Board, College of Charleston, Podgor, Benjamin, Arkansas Society of Certified Public Accountants, V. L. Auld & Associates, Sullivan & Cromwell, American Institute of Certified Public Accountants. Private Companies Practice Section, New York State Society of Certified Public Accountants, New Hampshire Society of Certified Public Accountants, Institute of Management Accountants, Society of Louisiana Certified Public Accountants, Dennis, Lynda Munion, Air Products, Pennsylvania. Governor's Office, Arthur Andersen, Business and Industry Executive Committee. Professional Issues Subcommittee, New Jersey Society of Certified Public Accountants, New Jersey. Office of Legislative Services. Office of the State Auditor, Price Waterhouse, Deloitte Touche, Massachusetts Society of Certified Public Accountants, General Electric, Coopers & Lybrand, Grant Thornton, Illinois Certified Public Accountants Society. Committee on Auditing Services, Texas Society of Certified Public Accountants. Houston Chapter, Association for Investment Management and Research, Ernst & Young, Financial Executives Institute, Corning, Robert Morris Associates. Accounting Policy Committee, Securities Industry Association. Capital Markets Committee, and American Bar Association. Section of Business Law

Abstract

Copyright and permission to reprint held by: American Institute of Certified Public Accountants, https://egrove.olemiss.edu/aicpa_sas/1108/thumbnail.jpg

17. Density fluctuation analysis very near above and below critical point using morphological and spatiotemporal information

Author

Ana Oprisan, Carole Lecoutre-Chabot, Daniel Beysens, Yves Garrabos, Sorinel A. Oprisan, Department of Physics and Astronomy [Charleston], College of Charleston, Institut de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Bordeaux (ICMCB), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Physique et mécanique des milieux hétérogenes (UMR 7636) (PMMH), Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), and AO and SAO acknowledge 2020-2021 Mini-Research and Education Awards Program and Palmetto Academy grants from South Carolina Space Grant/EPSCoR in support for this research. SAO acknowledges a 2020-2021 Research and Development grant from the College of Charleston. YG, CL and DB. acknowledge a research grant from Centre National d’Études Spatiales (CNES) and a NASA grants NAG3-1906 and NAG3-2447.

Subjects
Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes, Physics, Pixel, Orientation (computer vision), media_common.quotation_subject, Mode (statistics), General Physics and Astronomy, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Fractal, Critical point (thermodynamics), 0103 physical sciences, Statistical physics, Eccentricity (behavior), Anisotropy, Critical exponent, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, media_common
Abstract

We investigate the fractal nature of critical fluctuations in sulfur hexafluoride (SF $$_6$$ ) under microgravity conditions. For this purpose, we use the Bidimensional Empiric Mode Decomposition (BEMD) approach to separate the spatial scales of fluctuations in orthogonal Independent Mode Functions (IMFs). Statistical analysis of three morphology measures (area, eccentricity, and orientation of convex objects in recorded images) across different IMFs shows that critical fluctuations obey power-laws across multiple spatial scales. We also perform a spatiotemporal analysis of fluctuations by extracting one line of pixels from each image and creating a temporal stack from successive images, or “waterfalls.” The spatiotemporal section analysis along the spatial direction reveals multiple spatial scales present in the original fluctuating image. The analysis of the “waterfalls” along the temporal direction identifies a common power-law temporal behavior across all spatial scales. Our results show that critical fluctuations very near critical temperature ( $$T_c$$ ) have a fractal structure captured by power-laws with multiple critical exponents. The morphology analysis shows that very near $$T_c$$ , the fluctuating domains are mostly spherical with some anisotropy.

Published
2021
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18. Bound Photon Model: : A New Source for the Unification of Forces and Particles

Author

Montalvo , Ramiro, College of Charleston, and College of Charleston-School of Sciences and Mathematics, Department of Physics and Astronomy

Subjects
[PHYS]Physics [physics], [ PHYS ] Physics [physics], [PHYS.QPHY]Physics [physics]/Quantum Physics [quant-ph], [ PHYS.QPHY ] Physics [physics]/Quantum Physics [quant-ph], [PHYS.HTHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Theory [hep-th], Dirac equation, negative energy solutions, particle physics, unified theories, [ PHYS.HTHE ] Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Theory [hep-th]
Abstract

email:mont2218@bellsouth.net; Recent experimental evidence reveals the binding of photon pairs into quantized states of orbital angular momentum forming bosons and other experiments that form fermions as electron-positron pairs. This and other evidence suggests a bound photon model that postulates all massive elementary particles are composed of photon pairs with opposite momentum bound by an interaction that reflects the photons over a distance near their wavelength. Such a model provides a valuable opportunity to unify the known forces due to the simplicity of treating only one particle and its interactions. This report attempts to explore the extent to which this model agrees with the experimental data and how it compares with the Dirac theory and some of the other theories. The bound photon model is found to be in good agreement with the experimental evidence in classical relativistic mechanics, non-relativistic quantum mechanics and electricity and magnetism. With relativistic quantum mechanics the model's solutions from the wave equation are closely related to those of the Dirac and Klein Gordon equations, the difference being that the model's solutions have massless propagators. In the area of generating the masses of the leptons, mesons and baryons the bound photon model offers an approximate two parameter solution that is much simpler and in better agreement with the experimental mass data when compared with the results from lattice theory for QCD. The report contains the basic elements of what would be a bound photon theory but additional theoretical and experimental research is needed to resolve some of the options that the model presents and to include the weak theory as well as other areas not fully developed. The bound photon model makes testable predictions one of which may be observed by an electron diffraction experiment. 2

Published
2018

19. Measuring the Transition Rates of Coalescence Events during Double Phase Separation in Microgravity

Author

Daniel Beysens, Carole Lecoutre, Ana Oprisan, Yves Garrabos, Department of Physics and Astronomy [Charleston], College of Charleston, ESEME : Équipe du Supercritique pour l'Environnement, les Matériaux et l'Espace : Équipe commune CEA-CNRS (2000-2014), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Bordeaux (ICMCB), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Physique et mécanique des milieux hétérogenes (UMR 7636) (PMMH), Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Research and development grant from the College of Charleston. Centre National d’Études Spatiales (CNES), and wish to thank the CNES and NASA teams involved in the DECLIC project. We are grateful to the anonymous reviewers for their constructive and pertinent comments., Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), ESEME : Equipe Commune CEA-CNRS du Supercritique pour l'Environnement, les Matériaux et l'Espace, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Physique et mécanique des milieux hétérogenes (PMMH (UMR_7636)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-ESPCI ParisTech-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Physics and Astronomy, Institut de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Bordeaux ( ICMCB ), Université de Bordeaux ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Université de Bordeaux ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Bordeaux ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Physique et mécanique des milieux hétérogenes ( PMMH ), and Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -ESPCI ParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS )

Subjects
Phase transition, Time Factors, Pharmaceutical Science, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Phase Transition, Article, Analytical Chemistry, lcsh:QD241-441, Physics::Fluid Dynamics, binary coalescence, lcsh:Organic chemistry, Critical point (thermodynamics), Phase (matter), 0103 physical sciences, Drug Discovery, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, phase separation, microgravity, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, 010306 general physics, Chromatography, Weightlessness, Chemistry, Organic Chemistry, Small droplet, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, Models, Theoretical, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-SPACE-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Space Physics [physics.space-ph], Double phase, 13. Climate action, Chemistry (miscellaneous), Chemical physics, Homogeneous, [ CHIM.MATE ] Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, Log-normal distribution, Molecular Medicine, 0210 nano-technology, Science, technology and society
Abstract

Phase transition is a ubiquitous phenomenon in nature, science and technology. In general, the phase separation from a homogeneous phase depends on the depth of the temperature quench into the two-phase region. Earth’s gravity masks the details of phase separation phenomena, which is why experiments were performed under weightlessness. Under such conditions, the pure fluid sulphur hexafluoride (SF 6 ) near its critical point also benefits from the universality of phase separation behavior and critical slowing down of dynamics. Initially, the fluid was slightly below its critical temperature with the liquid matrix separated from the vapor phase. A 0.2 mK temperature quench further cooled down the fluid and produced a double phase separation with liquid droplets inside the vapor phase and vapor bubbles inside the liquid matrix, respectively. The liquid droplets and the vapor bubbles respective distributions were well fitted by a lognormal function. The evolution of discrete bins of different radii allowed the derivation of the transition rates for coalescence processes. Based on the largest transition rates, two main coalescence mechanisms were identified: (1) asymmetric coalescences between one small droplet of about 20 μ m and a wide range of larger droplets; and (2) symmetric coalescences between droplets of large and similar radii. Both mechanisms lead to a continuous decline of the fraction of small radii droplets and an increase in the fraction of the large radii droplets. Similar coalescence mechanisms were observed for vapor bubbles. However, the mean radii of liquid droplets exhibits a t 1 / 3 evolution, whereas the mean radii of the vapor bubbles exhibit a t 1 / 2 evolution.

Published
2017
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20. Spectral and atmospheric characterization of 51 Eridani b using VLT/SPHERE

Author

M. Samland, P. Mollière, M. Bonnefoy, A.-L. Maire, F. Cantalloube, A. C. Cheetham, D. Mesa, R. Gratton, B. A. Biller, Z. Wahhaj, J. Bouwman, W. Brandner, D. Melnick, J. Carson, M. Janson, T. Henning, D. Homeier, C. Mordasini, M. Langlois, S. P. Quanz, R. van Boekel, A. Zurlo, J. E. Schlieder, H. Avenhaus, J.-L. Beuzit, A. Boccaletti, M. Bonavita, G. Chauvin, R. Claudi, M. Cudel, S. Desidera, M. Feldt, T. Fusco, R. Galicher, T. G. Kopytova, A.-M. Lagrange, H. Le Coroller, P. Martinez, O. Moeller-Nilsson, D. Mouillet, L. M. Mugnier, C. Perrot, A. Sevin, E. Sissa, A. Vigan, L. Weber, Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie (MPIA), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, International Max Planck Research School for Astronomy and Cosmic Physics (University of Heidelberg), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DOTA, ONERA, Université Paris Saclay [Châtillon], ONERA-Université Paris-Saclay, Observatoire Astronomique de l'Université de Genève (ObsGE), Université de Genève (UNIGE), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova (OAPD), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Institute for Astronomy [Edinburgh] (IfA), University of Edinburgh, European Southern Observatory [Santiago] (ESO), European Southern Observatory (ESO), College of Charleston, Stockholm University, Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg], University of Bern, Centre de Recherche Astrophysique de Lyon (CRAL), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Universidad de Santiago de Chile [Santiago] (USACH), Universidad Diego Portales [Santiago] (UDP), NASA Ames Research Center (ARC), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Arizona State University [Tempe] (ASU), Ural Federal University [Ekaterinburg] (UrFU), Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur (OCA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), DOTA, ONERA, Université Paris Saclay (COmUE) [Châtillon], ONERA-Université Paris Saclay (COmUE), Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg] = Heidelberg University, École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Joseph Louis LAGRANGE (LAGRANGE), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France, ONERA, ISDC, Geneva Observatory, University of Geneva, INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova, Institute for Astronomy, Blackford Hill, European Southern Observatory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Charleston, Department of Astronomy, Stockholm University, AlbaNova University Center, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden, Zentrum für Astronomie der Universität Heidelberg (ZAH), University of Bern (UBERN), Institute for Astronomy, Department of Physics, ETH Zürich, Departamento de Astronomía, Universidad de Chile, and NASA Ames Research Center (NASA Ames)

Subjects
Solar System, IMAGE PROCESSING, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, HIGH ANGULAR RESOLUTIONS [TECHNIQUES], Metallicity, Brown dwarf, ATMOSPHERES [PLANETS AND SATELLITES], FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, IMAGE PROCESSING [TECHNIQUES], 01 natural sciences, Photometry (optics), SPECTROSCOPIC ANALYSIS, Planet, 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, DATA ANALYSIS [METHODS], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, HIGH ANGULAR RESOLUTION [TECHNIQUES], Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), Physics, ADAPTIVE OPTICS, [PHYS]Physics [physics], INDIVIDUAL [STARS], Atmospheric models, [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], OPTICAL DATA PROCESSING, Astronomy and Astrophysics, GRAVITATION, Surface gravity, Exoplanet, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, astro-ph.EP, INDIVIDUAL: 51 ERIDANI [STARS], Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, SATELLITES, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], STARS, PLANETS, PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTIONS, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

51 Eridani b is an exoplanet around a young (20 Myr) nearby (29.4 pc) F0-type star, recently discovered by direct imaging. Being only 0.5" away from its host star it is well suited for spectroscopic analysis using integral field spectrographs. We aim to refine the atmospheric properties of this and to further constrain the architecture of the system by searching for additional companions. Using the SPHERE instrument at the VLT we extend the spectral coverage of the planet to the complete Y- to H-band range and provide photometry in the K12-bands (2.11, 2.25 micron). The object is compared to other cool and peculiar dwarfs. Furthermore, the posterior probability distributions of cloudy and clear atmospheric models are explored using MCMC. We verified our methods by determining atmospheric parameters for the two benchmark brown dwarfs Gl 570D and HD 3651B. For probing the innermost region for additional companions, archival VLT-NACO (L') SAM data is used. We present the first spectrophotometric measurements in the Y- and K-bands for the planet and revise its J-band flux to values 40% fainter than previous measurements. Cloudy models with uniform cloud coverage provide a good match to the data. We derive the temperature, radius, surface gravity, metallicity and cloud sedimentation parameter f_sed. We find that the atmosphere is highly super-solar (Fe/H~1.0) with an extended, thick cloud cover of small particles. The model radius and surface gravity suggest planetary masses of about 9 M_jup. The evolutionary model only provides a lower mass limit of >2 M_jup (for pure hot-start). The cold-start model cannot explain the planet's luminosity. The SPHERE and NACO/SAM detection limits probe the 51 Eri system at Solar System scales and exclude brown-dwarf companions more massive than 20 M_jup beyond separations of ~2.5 au and giant planets more massive than 2 M_jup beyond 9 au., 29 pages, 31 figures, accepted for publication in A&A

Published
2017
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21. Pattern evolution during double liquid-vapor phase transitions under weightlessness

Author

Daniel Beysens, Ana Oprisan, C. Lecoutre, Yves Garrabos, Department of Physics and Astronomy [Charleston], College of Charleston, ESEME : Équipe du Supercritique pour l'Environnement, les Matériaux et l'Espace : Équipe commune CEA-CNRS (2000-2014), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Bordeaux (ICMCB), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service des Basses Températures (SBT ), Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Physique et mécanique des milieux hétérogenes (UMR 7636) (PMMH), Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), The College of Charleston, CNES, CNES and NASA teams involved in the DECLIC project., Department of Physics and Astronomy, ESEME : Equipe Commune CEA-CNRS du Supercritique pour l'Environnement, les Matériaux et l'Espace, Institut de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Bordeaux ( ICMCB ), Université de Bordeaux ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Bordeaux ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Université de Bordeaux ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Service des Basses Températures ( SBT - UMR 9004 ), Institut Nanosciences et Cryogénie ( INAC ), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ), Physique et mécanique des milieux hétérogenes ( PMMH ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -ESPCI ParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Physique et mécanique des milieux hétérogenes (PMMH (UMR_7636)), and Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-ESPCI ParisTech-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Phase transition, Sulfur Hexafluoride, Pharmaceutical Science, Nanotechnology, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Molecular physics, Phase Transition, Article, Analytical Chemistry, chemistry.chemical_compound, binary coalescence, Gravitational field, Phase (matter), 0103 physical sciences, Drug Discovery, Humans, phase separation, microgravity, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, 010306 general physics, Brownian motion, Coalescence (physics), Microscopy, Weightlessness, Organic Chemistry, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, Space Flight, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-SPACE-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Space Physics [physics.space-ph], Sulfur hexafluoride, chemistry, 13. Climate action, Chemistry (miscellaneous), [ CHIM.MATE ] Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, Heat transfer, Log-normal distribution, Molecular Medicine, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

International audience; Phase transition in fluids is ubiquitous in nature and has important applications in areas such as the food industry for volatile oils’ extraction or in nuclear plants for heat transfer. Fundamentals are hampered by gravity effects on Earth. We used direct imaging to record snapshots of phase separation that takes place in sulfur hexafluoride, SF6, under weightlessness conditions on the International Space Station (ISS). The system was already at liquid-vapor equilibrium slightly below the critical temperature and further cooled down by a 0.2-mK temperature quench that produced a new phase separation. Both full view and microscopic views of the direct observation cell were analyzed to determine the evolution of the radii distributions. We found that radii distributions could be well approximated by a lognormal function. The fraction of small radii droplets declined while the fraction of large radii droplets increased over time. Phase separation at the center of the sample cell was visualized using a 12× microscope objective, which corresponds to a depth of focus of about 5 μ m. We found that the mean radii of liquid droplets exhibit a t1/3 evolution, in agreement with growth driven by Brownian coalescence. It was also found that the mean radii of the vapor bubbles inside the liquid majority phase exhibit a t1/2 evolution, which suggest a possible directional motion of vapor bubbles due to the influence of weak remaining gravitational field and/or a composition Marangoni force.

Published
2017
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22. Population genomics ofC. melanopterususing target gene capture data: demographic inferences and conservation perspectives

Author

Matthew D. Hale, Serge Planes, Michel Veuille, Gavin J. P. Naylor, Stefano Mona, Chenhong Li, Shannon Corrigan, Pierpaolo Maisano Delser, Biologie Intégrative des Populations, École pratique des hautes études ( EPHE ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), department of biology,College of Charleston, College of Charleston, Medical University of South Carolina [Charleston] ( MUSC ), Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources of Ministry of Education and College of Fisheries and Life Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Centre de recherches insulaires et observatoire de l'environnement ( CRIOBE ), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia ( UPVD ) -École pratique des hautes études ( EPHE ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB ), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Medical University of South Carolina [Charleston] (MUSC), Centre de recherches insulaires et observatoire de l'environnement (CRIOBE), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), and Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, 0106 biological sciences, Population Dynamics, Reef shark, Population, Population genetics, Genomics, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Article, Evolutionary genetics, Population genomics, 03 medical and health sciences, Animals, Genetic variation, 14. Life underwater, education, Indian Ocean, 030304 developmental biology, Deme, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, Multidisciplinary, [SDV.GEN.GPO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], Carcharhinus melanopterus, Ecology, [SDV.BID.EVO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], Australia, Sampling (statistics), [ SDV.GEN.GA ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Animal genetics, biology.organism_classification, [SDV.GEN.GA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Animal genetics, [ SDV.GEN.GPO ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], 030104 developmental biology, Genetics, Population, [ SDV.BID.EVO ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], Evolutionary biology, Sharks
Abstract

Population genetics studies on non-model organisms typically involve sampling few markers from multiple individuals. Next-generation sequencing approaches open up the possibility of sampling many more markers from fewer individuals to address the same questions. Here, we applied a target gene capture method to deep sequence ~1000 independent autosomal regions of a non-model organism, the blacktip reef shark (Carcharhinus melanopterus). We devised a sampling scheme based on the predictions of theoretical studies of metapopulations to show that sampling few individuals, but many loci, can be extremely informative to reconstruct the evolutionary history of species. We collected data from a single deme (SID) from Northern Australia and from a scattered sampling representing various locations throughout the Indian Ocean (SCD). We explored the genealogical signature of population dynamics detected from both sampling schemes using an ABC algorithm. We then contrasted these results with those obtained by fitting the data to a non-equilibrium finite island model. Both approaches supported an Nm value ~40, consistent with philopatry in this species. Finally, we demonstrate through simulation that metapopulations exhibit greater resilience to recent changes in effective size compared to unstructured populations. We propose an empirical approach to detect recent bottlenecks based on our sampling scheme.

Published
2016
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26. The Bound Photon Model -A New Source for the Unification of Forces and Particles

Author

Montalvo, Ramiro, College of Charleston, and Montalvo, Ramiro

Subjects
[PHYS]Physics [physics], quantum gravity, Dirac equation, particle physics, theory, [PHYS] Physics [physics], unified theories
Abstract

Formerly College of Charleston Affiliate - 2015-2018; Recent experimental evidence reveals the binding of photon pairs into quantized states of orbital angular momentum forming bosons and other experiments that form fermions as electron-positron pairs. This and other evidence suggest a bound photon model that postulates all massive elementary particles are composed of photon pairs with opposite momentum bound by an interaction that reflects the photons over a distance near their wavelength. Close examination of how the Dirac equation was solved in 1928 reveals that Bound Photon model is actually required to comply with the quantum and relativistic constraints in QED. The use of photons allow compliance with the more powerful conformal symmetry for unifying gravity with quantum mechanics. The bound photon (BP) model unifies the four forces into a single attractive force between photons, and unifies the number of elementary particles to one particle, the photon. This report explores the extent to which the BP model agrees with the experimental data and how it compares with the Dirac theory in QED, the weak theory, the strong theory in QCD and general relativity. The bound photon model is found to be in good agreement with the experimental evidence in non-relativistic quantum mechanics and EM. With relativistic quantum mechanics the model's solutions from the wave equation are closely related to those of the Dirac and Klein Gordon equations, the difference being that the Dirac theory's solutions use massive particle waves that result in having massive propagators while BP model's solutions use massless waves and propagators. In the area of generating the masses of the leptons, mesons and baryons the bound photon model offers a fairly accurate two parameter solution that is much simpler and in better agreement with the experimental mass data when compared with the results from lattice theory for QCD. An initial quantum gravity theory is described which generates the curvature of space-time using photon pairs and is different from general relativity as expected because of the known incompatibility of general relativity with quantum mechanics. The report contains the foundation of a unified bound photon theory but additional theoretical and experimental research is needed to complete the theory for the weak force, the strong force and quantum gravity.

Published
2021

30. The Bound Photon Model-A New Source for the Unification Forces and Particles

Author

Montalvo, Ramiro, Montalvo, Ramiro, and College of Charleston

Subjects
[PHYS]Physics [physics], Dirac Equation, Unified theoties, Particle Physics, [PHYS] Physics [physics]
Abstract

Formerly affiliated with the College of Charleston, 2015-2018; Recent experimental evidence reveals the binding of photon pairs into quantized states of orbital angular momentum forming bosons and other experiments that form fermions as electron-positron pairs. This and other evidence suggests a bound photon model that postulates all massive elementary particles are composed of photon pairs with opposite momentum bound by an interaction that reflects the photons over a distance near their wavelength. Close examination of how the Dirac equation was solved in 1928 reveals that Bound Photon model is actually required to comply with the quantum and relativistic constraints in QED. In a similar manner the use of photons allow compliance with the more powerful conformal symmetry for unifying gravity with quantum mechanics. The bound photon (BP) model benefits from the simplicity of treating only one particle and its interactions. This report explores the extent to which the BP model agrees with the experimental data and how it compares with the Dirac theory in QED, the weak theory, the strong theory in QCD and general relativity. The bound photon model is found to be in good agreement with the experimental evidence in non-relativistic quantum mechanics and EM. With relativistic quantum mechanics the model's solutions from the wave equation are closely related to those of the Dirac and Klein Gordon equations, the difference being that the Dirac theory's solutions use massive particle waves that result in having massive propagators while BP model's solutions use massless waves and propagators. In the area of generating the masses of the leptons, mesons and baryons the bound photon model offers a fairly accurate two parameter solution that is much simpler and in better agreement with the experimental mass data when compared with the results from lattice theory for QCD. An initial quantum gravity theory is described which generates the curvature of space-time using photon pairs and is different from general relativity as expected because of the known incompatibility of general relativity with quantum mechanics. The report contains the foundation of a unified bound photon theory but additional theoretical and experimental research is needed to complete the theory for the weak force, the strong force and quantum gravity.

Published
2021

31. Multiscale empirical mode decomposition of density fluctuation images very near above and below the critical point of SF6

Author

Oprisan, Ana, Garrabos, Yves, Lecoutre-Chabot, Carole, Beysens, Daniel, Department of Physics and Astronomy [Charleston], College of Charleston, Institut de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Bordeaux (ICMCB), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Physique et mécanique des milieux hétérogenes (UMR 7636) (PMMH), Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), and A.O acknowledges a mini-Research and Education Awards Project grant from NASA South Carolina Space Grant/EPSCoR. Y.G., C.L., and D.B. acknowledge a research grant from Centre National d’Études Spatiales (CNES) and a NASA grants NAG3-1906 and NAG3-2447.

Subjects
critical fluctuations, sulfur hexafluoride, effective diffusion coefficient, Diffusivity, Relaxation time, Microgravity, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry
Abstract

International audience; We use a multiscale approach to investigate the dynamics of fluctuations near the critical point of sulfur hexafluoride (S) in microgravity. Rather than increasing the fitting model’s complexity during the critical temperature crossing, we used a different approach to finding the thermal diffusivity coefficient (above critical temperature), which can then be distinguished from an effective diffusion coefficient (below critical temperature). We first separate different spatial scales from the original images using the Bidimensional Empirical Mode Decomposition (BEMD) technique. The spatial scale represented by an Intrinsic Mode Function (IMF) image was analyzed using the Dynamic Differential Method (DDM). The Intermediate Scattering Function (ISF) of each IMF was used for computing the structure factor and the relaxation time of fluctuations. We found that the first IMF returns over 90% of the spatial and temporal knowledge contained in the original image, providing thus thermal diffusivity coefficient above the critical temperature and effective diffusion coefficients below the critical temperature very close in magnitude. The relaxation time associated with the distinguishable structures observed in the second IMF could be attributed to the fractal nature of fluctuations. and to light scattering at low wavenumber during the stationary behavior and the transient evolution of the critical fluid cell, which are not easy to detect in the original image. The third order IMF presents no noticeable structure, and the associated relaxation time is not physically significant.

Published
2021
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35. The B-Star Exoplanet Abundance Study: a co-moving 16–25 M Jup companion to the young binary system HIP 79098

Author

Carbillet, M., Maurel, D., Origné, A., Rigal, F., Sevin, A., De Boer, J., van Holstein, R. G., Dohlen, K., Snik, F., Keller, C. U., Ginski, C., Stam, D. M., Wahhaj, Z., Kasper, M., Rabou, P., Hugot, E., Perret, D., Martinez, P., Pragt, J., Coroller, H. Le, Dominik, C., Turatto, M., Udry, S., Beuzit, J. -L., Le Coroller, H., Mennesson, B., Bailey, V., Kasdin, J., Trauger, J., Absil, O., Akeson, R., Armus, L., Baudoz, P., Bellini, A., Bennett, D., Berriman, B., Calchi-Novati, S., Carpenter, K., Chen, C., Danchi, W., Debes, J., Defrere, D., Ertel, S., Frerking, M., Gelino, C., Girard, J. H., Groff, T., Kane, S., Helou, G., Kalirai, J., Krist, J., Kruk, J., Hasegawa, Y., Laine, S., Lowrance, P., Malhotra, S., Mandell, A., Marshall, P., McElwain, M., Meshkat, T., Millan-Gabet, R., Moustakas, L., Nemati, B., Paladini, R., Postman, M., Pueyo, L., Quintana, E., Ramirez, S., Rhodes, J., Riggs, A. J. E., Rizzo, M., Soummer, R., Stapelfeldt, K., Stark, C., Turnbull, M., van der Marel, R., Ygouf, M., Wyatt, M., Zhao, F., Zimmerman, N., Loh, Alan, Messina, Sergio, Brandner, Wolfgang, Buenzli, Esther, Daemgen, Sebastien, Lagadec, Eric, Mouillet, David, Peretti, Sébastien, Janin-Potiron, Pierre, Salter, Graeme, Roux, Alain, Llored, Marc, Buey, Jean-Tristan, Pavlov, Alexei, Petit, C., Pawellek, Nicole, Moór, Attila, Milli, Julien, Kóspál, Ágnes, Olofsson, Johan, Ábrahám, Péter, Keppler, Miriam, Kral, Quentin, Pohl, Adriana, Augereau, Jean-Charles, Choquet, Elodie, Engler, Natalia, Lee, Eve J., Thebault, Philippe, Lee, Eve, Podio, L., Bacciotti, F., Antoniucci, S., Codella, C., Dougados, C., Nisini, B., Schmid, H. M., Stolker, T., Baudino, J. L., Biller, Beth, Bonavita, M., Galicher, R., Grandjean, A., Lagrange, Anne-Marie, Lannier, Justine, Maire, Anne-Lise, Perrot, Clément, Delboulbé, A., Mignant, D. Le, Fantinel, D., Moeller-Nilsson, O., Weber, Luc, Sauvage, J. -F., Le Mignant, D., Möller-Nilsson, O., Mesa, Dino, Garufi, A., D'Orazi, V., Flasseur, O., Barbieri, M., Benisty, M., Henning, Thomas, Ligi, R., Sissa, Elena, Zurlo, Alice, Boccaletti, Anthony, Cantalloube, F., Cheetham, Anthony, De Caprio, V., Feldt, Markus, Fusco, T., Gluck, L., Hagelberg, J., Lagrange, A. -M., Lazzoni, C., Madec, F., Maire, A. -L., Ménard, F., Meyer, M., Ramos, J., Rickman, E. L., Rouan, D., Schmidt, T., van der Plas, G., D’Orazi, V., De Caprio, V, Lagrange, A-M, Maire, A-L, Van der Plas, G, Janson, Markus, Asensio-Torres, Ruben, André, Damien, Bonnefoy, Mickaël, Delorme, Philippe, Reffert, Sabine, Desidera, Silvano, Langlois, M, Chauvin, G., Gratton, Raffaele, Bohn, Alexander J., Eriksson, Simon C., Marleau, Gabriel-Dominique, Mamajek, Eric E., Vigan, Arthur, Carson, Joseph C., Bohn, Alexander, Eriksson, Simon, Mamajek, Eric, Carson, Joseph, Leiden Observatory [Leiden], Universiteit Leiden [Leiden], Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Faculty of Aerospace Engineering [Delft], Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), Department of International Development, University of Oxford [Oxford], Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), JET PROPULSION LABORATORY CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY PASADENA USA, Partenaires IRSTEA, Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Space Sciences, Technologies and Astrophysics Research Institute (STAR), Université de Liège, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA (UMR_8109)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie (MPIA), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Konkoly Observatory, Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences [Budapest], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), European Southern Observatory (ESO), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri (OAA), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma (OAR), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova (OAPD), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Collège de France (CdF (institution)), Département de Physique Nucléaire (ex SPhN) (DPHN), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Axe 4 : céramiques sous contraintes environnementales (SPCTS-AXE4), Science des Procédés Céramiques et de Traitements de Surface (SPCTS), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Céramique Industrielle (ENSCI)-Institut des Procédés Appliqués aux Matériaux (IPAM), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Céramique Industrielle (ENSCI)-Institut des Procédés Appliqués aux Matériaux (IPAM), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (LAOG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Landessternwarte Königstuhl [ZAH] (LSW), Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg], Centre de Recherche Astrophysique de Lyon (CRAL), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Stockholm University, Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg] = Heidelberg University, École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Departamento de Ingeniería Matemática [Santiago] (DIM), Universidad de Chile = University of Chile [Santiago] (UCHILE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universiteit Leiden, Institut für Astronomie und Astrophysik [Tübingen] (IAAT), Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen = Eberhard Karls University of Tuebingen, Department of Physics and Astronomy [Rochester], University of Rochester [USA], College of Charleston, ANR-10-LABX-0056,OSUG@2020,Innovative strategies for observing and modelling natural systems(2010), and European Project: 678194,H2020,ERC-2015-STG,FALCONER(2016)

Subjects
planets and satellites: detection, Proper motion, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Stellar mass, Brown dwarf, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Planet, 0103 physical sciences, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Physics, Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), Astronomy and Astrophysics, Mass ratio, stars: early-type, Exoplanet, Stars, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Circumbinary planet, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, brown dwarfs
Abstract

Wide low-mass substellar companions are known to be very rare among low-mass stars, but appear to become increasingly common with increasing stellar mass. However, B-type stars, which are the most massive stars within ~150 pc of the Sun, have not yet been examined to the same extent as AFGKM-type stars in that regard. In order to address this issue, we launched the ongoing B-star Exoplanet Abundance Study (BEAST) to examine the frequency and properties of planets, brown dwarfs, and disks around B-type stars in the Scorpius-Centaurus (Sco-Cen) association; we also analyzed archival data of B-type stars in Sco-Cen. During this process, we identified a candidate substellar companion to the B9-type spectroscopic binary HIP 79098 AB, which we refer to as HIP 79098 (AB)b. The candidate had been previously reported in the literature, but was classified as a background contaminant on the basis of its peculiar colors. Here we demonstrate that the colors of HIP 79098 (AB)b are consistent with several recently discovered young and low-mass brown dwarfs, including other companions to stars in Sco-Cen. Furthermore, we show unambiguous common proper motion over a 15-year baseline, robustly identifying HIP 79098 (AB)b as a bona fide substellar circumbinary companion at a 345+/-6 AU projected separation to the B9-type stellar pair. With a model-dependent mass of 16-25 Mjup yielding a mass ratio of, 9 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in A&A

Published
2019
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36. Supporting Spartina: Interdisciplinary perspective shows Spartina as a distinct solid genus

Author

Bortolus, Alejandro, Adam, Paul, Adams, Janine B., Ainouche, Malika L., Ayres, Debra, Bertness, Mark D., Bouma, Tjeerd J., Bruno, John F., Caçador, Isabel, Carlton, James T., Castillo, Jesus M., Costa, Cesar S.B., Davy, Anthony J., Deegan, Linda, Duarte, Bernardo, Figueroa, Enrique, Gerwein, Joel, Gray, Alan J., Grosholz, Edwin D., Hacker, Sally D., Hughes, A. Randall, Mateos-Naranjo, Enrique, Mendelssohn, Irving A., Morris, James T., Muñoz-Rodríguez, Adolfo F., Nieva, Francisco J.J., Levin, Lisa A., Li, Bo, Liu, Wenwen, Pennings, Steven C., Pickart, Andrea, Redondo-Gómez, Susana, Richardson, David M., Salmon, Armel, Schwindt, Evangelina, Silliman, Brian R., Sotka, Erik E., Stace, Clive, Sytsma, Mark, Temmerman, Stijn, Turner, R. Eugene, Valiela, Ivan, Weinstein, Michael P., Weis, Judith S., Proceskunde, Coastal dynamics, Fluvial systems and Global change, Grupo de Ecologia en Ambientes Costeros (GEAC), Centro Nacional Patagónico (CENPAT), Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research (NIOZ), Universidade de Lisboa (ULISBOA), Universidad de Sevilla, College of Charleston, Ecosystem management research group - ECOBE (Wilrijk, Belgium), University of Antwerp (UA), Rutgers University System (Rutgers), Proceskunde, Coastal dynamics, Fluvial systems and Global change, Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidade de Lisboa = University of Lisbon (ULISBOA), and Universidad de Sevilla / University of Sevilla

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Paraphyly, Evolution, Otras Ciencias Biológicas, Ecology (disciplines), coastal ecology, Poaceae, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Ciencias Biológicas, Monophyly, Behavior and Systematics, Genus, Clade, Biology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Phylogeny, Spartina, Ecology, biology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Botany, interdisciplinary decisions, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, salt marsh, Chemistry, Calamovilfa, cordgrass, botanical nomenclature, Subgenus, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS, integrative analysis
Abstract

In 2014, a DNA-based phylogenetic study confirming the paraphyly of the grass subtribe Sporobolinae proposed the creation of a large monophyletic genus Sporobolus, including (among others) species previously included in the genera Spartina, Calamovilfa, and Sporobolus. Spartina species have contributed substantially (and continue contributing) to our knowledge in multiple disciplines, including ecology, evolutionary biology, molecular biology, biogeography, experimental ecology, biological invasions, environmental management, restoration ecology, history, economics, and sociology. There is no rationale so compelling to subsume the name Spartina as a subgenus that could rival the striking, global iconic history and use of the name Spartina for over 200 yr. We do not agree with the subjective arguments underlying the proposal to change Spartina to Sporobolus. We understand the importance of both the objective phylogenetic insights and of the subjective formalized nomenclature and hope that by opening this debate we will encourage positive feedback that will strengthen taxonomic decisions with an interdisciplinary perspective. We consider that the strongly distinct, monophyletic clade Spartina should simply and efficiently be treated as the genus Spartina. Fil: Bortolus, Alejandro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Instituto Patagónico para el Estudio de los Ecosistemas Continentales; Argentina Fil: Adam, Paul. University Of New South Wales (unsw) Australia; Australia Fil: Adams, Janine B.. Nelson Mandela University; Sudáfrica Fil: Ainouche, Malika L.. University of Rennes 1; Francia Fil: Ayres, Debra. University of California; Estados Unidos Fil: Bertness, Mark D.. Brown University; Estados Unidos Fil: Bouma, Tjeerd J.. University of Utrecht; Países Bajos. Utrecht University; Países Bajos Fil: Bruno, John F.. University of North Carolina; Estados Unidos Fil: Caçador, Isabel. Universidade de Lisboa; Portugal Fil: Carlton, James T.. Williams College. Maritime Studies Program. Mystic Seaport; Estados Unidos Fil: Castillo, Jesus M.. Universidad de Sevilla; España Fil: Costa, Cesar S. B.. Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande; Brasil Fil: Davy, Anthony J.. University of East Anglia; Reino Unido Fil: Deegan, Linda. Woods Hole Research Center; Estados Unidos Fil: Duarte, Bernardo. Universidade de Lisboa; Portugal Fil: Figueroa, Enrique. Universidad de Sevilla; España Fil: Gerwein, Joel. California State Coastal Conservancy; Estados Unidos Fil: Gray, Alan J.. Centre for Ecology and Hydrology; Reino Unido Fil: Grosholz, Edwin D.. University of California at Davis; Estados Unidos Fil: Hacker, Sally D.. State University of Oregon; Estados Unidos Fil: Hughes, A. Randall. University Northeastern; Estados Unidos. Northeastern University; Estados Unidos Fil: Mateos Naranjo, Enrique. Universidad de Sevilla; España Fil: Mendelssohn, Irving A.. Louisiana State University; Estados Unidos Fil: Morris, James T.. University of South Carolina; Estados Unidos Fil: Muñoz-Rodríguez, Adolfo F.. Universidad de Huelva; España Fil: Nieva, Francisco J. J.. Scripps Institution of Oceanography; Estados Unidos Fil: Levin, Lisa A.. Scripps Institution of Oceanography; Estados Unidos Fil: Li, Bo. School Of Life Sciences Fudan University; China Fil: Liu, Wenwen. Xiamen University; China Fil: Pennings, Steven C.. University Of Houston; Estados Unidos Fil: Schwindt, Evangelina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Instituto de Biología de Organismos Marinos; Argentina

Published
2019
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37. Hint of curvature in the orbital motion of the exoplanet 51 Eridani b using 3 years of VLT/SPHERE monitoring

Author

Riccardo Claudi, E. L. Rickman, T. Schmidt, Th. Henning, Michael Meyer, Henning Avenhaus, Wolfgang Brandner, M. Cudel, Mickael Bonnefoy, Janis Hagelberg, S. Daemgen, Mariangela Bonavita, A. Roux, C. Fontanive, A. Zurlo, Arthur Vigan, L. Rodet, Dino Mesa, L. Abe, Johan Olofsson, Hervé Beust, Gérard Rousset, Matthias Samland, Raphaël Galicher, L. Weber, Francois Menard, Faustine Cantalloube, Anthony Boccaletti, Daniel Rouan, Jean-Luc Beuzit, Markus Janson, Valentina D'Orazi, Zahed Wahhaj, Stéphane Udry, Sergio Messina, Silvano Desidera, Beth Biller, Anne-Marie Lagrange, Kjetil Dohlen, Anne-Lise Maire, Anthony Cheetham, R. G. Gratton, F. Rigal, C. Lazzoni, Joseph C. Carson, H. Le Coroller, D. Melnick, Gael Chauvin, C. Perrot, E. Sissa, Alain Origne, Maud Langlois, Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie (MPIA), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA (UMR_8109)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova (OAPD), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Institut für Geowissenschaften [Potsdam], Universität Potsdam, Royal Observatory Edinburgh (ROE), University of Edinburgh, European Southern Observatory (ESO), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Stockholm University, Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science [Lund], Lund University [Lund], Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Observatoire Astronomique de l'Université de Genève (ObsGE), Université de Genève (UNIGE), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Institute of Astronomy [ETH Zürich], Department of Physics [ETH Zürich] (D-PHYS), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich)- Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Institute for Astronomy [Edinburgh] (IfA), Joseph Louis LAGRANGE (LAGRANGE), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), NOVA Optical Infrared Instrumentation Group, Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire de Paris - Site de Paris (OP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Université Libre de Bruxelles [Bruxelles] (ULB), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich [Zürich] (ETH Zürich)-Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Potsdam = Universität Potsdam, College of Charleston, Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, planets and satellites: dynamical evolution and stability, [SDU.ASTR.EP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], FOS: Physical sciences, techniques: image processing, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Planet, 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, planetary systems, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Orbital elements, Physics, Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Giant planet, techniques: high angular resolution, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Planetary system, Orbital period, methods: data analysis, Exoplanet, stars: individual: 51 Eridani, Orbit, Space and Planetary Science, Orbital motion, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

Context. The 51 Eridani system harbors a complex architecture with its primary star forming a hierarchical system with the binary GJ 3305AB at a projected separation of 2000 au, a giant planet orbiting the primary star at 13 au, and a low-mass debris disk around the primary star with possibly a cold component and a warm component inferred from the spectral energy distribution. Aims. We aim to better constrain the orbital parameters of the known giant planet. Methods. We monitored the system over three years from 2015 to 2018 with the VLT/SPHERE exoplanet imaging instrument. Results. We measure an orbital motion for the planet of ~130 mas with a slightly decreasing separation (~10 mas) and find a hint of curvature. This potential curvature is further supported at 3$\sigma$ significance when including literature GPI astrometry corrected for calibration systematics. Fits of the SPHERE and GPI data using three complementary approaches provide broadly similar results. The data suggest an orbital period of 32$^{+17}_{-9}$ yr (i.e. 12$^{+4}_{-2}$ au in semi-major axis), an inclination of 133$^{+14}_{-7}$ deg, an eccentricity of 0.45$^{+0.10}_{-0.15}$, and an argument of periastron passage of 87$^{+34}_{-30}$ deg [mod 180 deg]. The time at periastron passage and the longitude of node exhibit bimodal distributions because we do not detect yet if the planet is accelerating or decelerating along its orbit. Given the inclinations of the planet's orbit and of the stellar rotation axis (134-144 deg), we infer alignment or misalignment within 18 deg for the star-planet spin-orbit. Further astrometric monitoring in the next 3-4 years is required to confirm at a higher significance the curvature in the planet's motion, determine if the planet is accelerating or decelerating on its orbit, and further constrain its orbital parameters and the star-planet spin-orbit., Comment: Accepted for publication in A&A. 15 pages, 12 figures, 6 tables. Updated following language editing, added epoch labels in Fig. 2, and changed color of orbital predictions in Fig. 5

Published
2019
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38. Demographic inferences after a range expansion can be biased: the test case of the blacktip reef shark (Carcharhinus melanopterus)

Author

Drew Duckett, Michel Veuille, Shannon Corrigan, Serge Planes, Arnaud Suwalski, Gavin J. P. Naylor, Stefano Mona, Pierpaolo Maisano Delser, Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB ), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF), College of Charleston, Centre de recherches insulaires et observatoire de l'environnement (CRIOBE), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Demographic history, Population genetics, Population, Reef shark, Metapopulation, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Article, Population genomics, 03 medical and health sciences, Genetics, Animals, 14. Life underwater, Genetic variation, education, Indian Ocean, Genetics (clinical), Demography, education.field_of_study, [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, biology, Carcharhinus melanopterus, biology.organism_classification, 030104 developmental biology, Population bottleneck, Genetics, Population, Evolutionary biology, Sharks
Abstract

International audience; The evolutionary history of species is a dynamic process as they modify, expand, and contract their spatial distributions over time. Range expansions (REs) occur through a series of founder events that are followed by migration among neighboring demes. The process usually results in structured metapopulations and leaves a distinct signature in the genetic variability of species. Explicitly modeling the consequences of complex demographic events such as REs is computationally very intensive. Here we propose an an alternative approach that requires less computational effort than a comprehensive RE model, but that can recover the demography of species undergoing a RE, by combining spatially explicit modelling with simplified but realistic metapopulation models. We examine the demographic and colonization history of Carcharhinus melanopterus, an abundant reef-associated shark, as a test case. We first used a population genomics approach to statistically confirm the occurrence of a RE in C. melanopterus, and identify its origin in the Indo-Australian Archipelago. Spatial genetic modelling identified two waves of stepping-stone colonization: an eastward wave moving through the Pacific and a westward one moving through the Indian Ocean. We show that metapopulation models best describe the demographic history of this species and that not accounting for this may lead to incorrectly interpreting the observed genetic variation as signals of widespread population bottlenecks. Our study highlights insights that can be gained about demography by coupling metapopulation models with spatial modeling and underscores the need for cautious interpretation of population genetic data when advancing conservation priorities.

Published
2018
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39. A unified English term that best reflect the people, the culture, and other things from Madagascar: 'Malagasy' instead of 'Madagascan'

Author

Voarintsoa, Ny Riavo G., Raveloson, Andriamiranto, Barimalala, Rondrotiana, Razafindratsima, Onja, Voarintsoa, Ny Riavo, Institute of Earth Sciences, The Hebrew University in Jerusalem, A. Safra Campus, 91904, Jerusalem, Israel, University of the Witwatersrand [Johannesburg] (WITS), Department of Oceanography, University of Cape Town, South Africa, and College of Charleston

Subjects
[SDE] Environmental Sciences, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Madagascan, [SHS.INFO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Library and information sciences, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Madagascar, Malagasy, terminology misconception, [SHS.INFO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Library and information sciences
Abstract

Two words, Malagasy and Madagascan, have emerged in the literature as an English term to refer to the people, the culture, and other animate and inanimate objects from Madagascar, the choice of which has left room for confusions for users. This article has two aims: (1) understanding the sources of such confusions, and (2) subsequently proposing a unified English term (noun and adjective) that will avoid further misperceptions in written and verbal communications accounting for Madagascar. The results from investigating the Web of Science, from historical documents, and from viewpoints from online survey combine to suggest that the term 'Malagasy' must have unintentionally been substituted by the term 'Madagascan' from the earliest documented usage until now. These two words have been used interchangeably, and the usage has never been applied consistently. This could have been influenced by the simple assumption that 'Madagascan' is an intuitive form, derivative of Madagascar. However, 'Malagasy' is an irregular word and is unique to Madagascar, thus its usage as a word qualifier for different objects, animals, plants, and the people of Madagascar in the English language would suffice.

Published
2018

40. In-depth study of moderately young but extremely red, very dusty substellar companion HD 206893B

Author

Olivier Absil, Anne-Marie Lagrange, Alice Zurlo, Franz-Josef Hambsch, J. L. Beuzit, P. W. Lucas, C. Petit, Th. Henning, Anne-Lise Maire, Mickael Bonnefoy, Daniel Rouan, Norbert Hubin, T. Schmidt, Francois Wildi, Christian Ginski, L. Rodet, Julien Milli, Joshua E. Schlieder, Mariangela Bonavita, Johan Olofsson, A. Pavlov, Valentina D'Orazi, Joseph C. Carson, C. Mordasini, Anthony Cheetham, Elvira Covino, Janis Hagelberg, Raphaël Galicher, Julien Girard, Baptiste Lavie, Valentin Christiaens, M. Feldt, Anthony Boccaletti, Gael Chauvin, David Mouillet, C. Lazzoni, Federico Marocco, Stéphane Udry, Benjamin Charnay, Sergio Messina, Silvano Desidera, Arthur Vigan, Ronald Roelfsema, R. G. Gratton, A. Delboulbe, Beth Biller, Faustine Cantalloube, Maud Langlois, V. De Caprio, Philippe Delorme, Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova (OAPD), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Leiden Observatory [Leiden], Universiteit Leiden, Astronomical Institute Anton Pannekoek (AI PANNEKOEK), University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), Departamento de Astronomía, Universidad de Chile = University of Chile [Santiago] (UCHILE), Millenium Nucleus Protoplanetary Disks in ALMA Early Science, Space Sciences, Technologies and Astrophysics Research Institute (STAR), Université de Liège, INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania (OACT), Monash University [Melbourne], European Southern Observatory [Santiago] (ESO), European Southern Observatory (ESO), Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie (MPIA), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, NASA ExoPlanet Science Institute (NExScI), California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), SUPA, Institute for Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Physikalisches Institut [Bern], Universität Bern [Bern] (UNIBE), Observatoire Astronomique de l'Université de Genève (ObsGE), Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Universidad Diego Portales [Santiago] (UDP), Instituto de Fisica y Astronomia [Valparaiso], Universidad de Valparaiso [Chile], DAAA, ONERA, Université Paris-Saclay [Châtillon], ONERA-Université Paris-Saclay, Remote Observatory Atacama Desert (ROAD), Arizona Materials Laboratory (AML), University of Arizona, Centre for Astrophysics Research [Hatfield], University of Hertfordshire [Hatfield] (UH), College of Charleston, INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Capodimonte (OAC), NOVA Optical Infrared Instrumentation Group, ANR-14-CE33-0018,GIPSE,Exploration des planetes géantes extrasolaires(2014), ANR-10-LABX-0056,OSUG@2020,Innovative strategies for observing and modelling natural systems(2010), European Project: 226604,EC:FP7:INFRA,FP7-INFRASTRUCTURES-2008-1,OPTICON(2009), European Project: 312430,EC:FP7:INFRA,FP7-INFRASTRUCTURES-2012-1-RTD,OPTICON(2013), European Project: 337569,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2013-StG,VORTEX(2013), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Universiteit Leiden [Leiden], Universidad de Chile, Universität Bern [Bern], Université de Genève (UNIGE), Instituto de Fisica y Astronomia, ONERA - The French Aerospace Lab [Châtillon], ONERA, Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA (UMR_8109)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova, Leiden Observatory, University of Liège, INAF-Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania (INAF-OACt), European Southern Observatory, Institute for Astronomy, The University of Edinburgh, Royal Observatory, Blackford Hill, Edinburgh, EH9 3HJ, UK, ISDC, Geneva Observatory, University of Geneva, Nucleo de Astronomia, Facultad de Ingenieria, Universidad Diego Portales, Av. Ejercito 441, Santiago, Chile, Remote Observatory Atacama Desert (ROAD), Vereniging Voor Sterrenkunde (VVS), Oude Bleken 12, 2400, Mol, Belgium, Centre de Recherche Astrophysique de Lyon (CRAL), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Bern (UBERN), Centre for Astrophysics Research, Science and Technology Research Institute, University of Hertfordshire, Institute for Astronomy, Blackford Hill, INAF Napoli: INAF, Astrophysical Observatory of Capodimonte, Salita Moiariello 16, 80131, Napoli, Italy, Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy (ASTRON), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, 530 Physics, Brown dwarf, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Physics, planets and satellites: atmospheres, planet-disk interactions, 520 Astronomy, techniques: high angular resolution, Astronomy and Astrophysics, 500 Science, 620 Engineering, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], brown dwarfs
Abstract

The substellar companion HD206893b has recently been discovered by direct imaging of its disc-bearing host star with the SPHERE instrument. We investigate the atypical properties of the companion, which has the reddest near-infrared colours among all known substellar objects, either orbiting a star or isolated, and we provide a comprehensive characterisation of the host star-disc-companion system. We conducted a follow-up of the companion with adaptive optics imaging and spectro-imaging with SPHERE, and a multiinstrument follow-up of its host star. We obtain a R=30 spectrum from 0.95 to 1.64 micron of the companion and additional photometry at 2.11 and 2.25 micron. We carried out extensive atmosphere model fitting for the companions and the host star in order to derive their age, mass, and metallicity. We found no additional companion in the system in spite of exquisite observing conditions resulting in sensitivity to 6MJup (2MJup) at 0.5" for an age of 300 Myr (50 Myr). We detect orbital motion over more than one year and characterise the possible Keplerian orbits. We constrain the age of the system to a minimum of 50 Myr and a maximum of 700 Myr, and determine that the host-star metallicity is nearly solar. The comparison of the companion spectrum and photometry to model atmospheres indicates that the companion is an extremely dusty late L dwarf, with an intermediate gravity (log g 4.5-5.0) which is compatible with the independent age estimate of the system. Though our best fit corresponds to a brown dwarf of 15-30 MJup aged 100-300 Myr, our analysis is also compatible with a range of masses and ages going from a 50 Myr 12MJup planetary-mass object to a 50 MJup Hyades-age brown dwarf..., Comment: Accepted to A&A

Published
2017
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41. Noninvasive Synchrotron-Based X-ray Raman Scattering Discriminates Carbonaceous Compounds in Ancient and Historical Materials

Author

Pierre Gueriau, Philip L. Manning, Jean-Pascal Rueff, Josiane A. Kaddissy, Christoph J. Sahle, Roy A. Wogelius, Loïc Bertrand, Sarah Goler, Sylvain Bernard, Uwe Bergmann, Dimosthenis Sokaras, Institut photonique d'analyse non-destructive européen des matériaux anciens (IPANEMA), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture (MC), Synchrotron SOLEIL (SSOLEIL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de minéralogie, de physique des matériaux et de cosmochimie (IMPMC), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR206-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Columbia University [New York], European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Stanford University, University of Manchester [Manchester], College of Charleston, ANR-10-LABX-0094,PATRIMA,Tangible heritage(2010), ANR-11-EQPX-0034,PATRIMEX,PATrimoines matériels : Réseau d'Instrumentation Multisites Expérimental(2011), European Project: 290861,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2011-ADG_20110209,PALEONANOLIFE(2012), European Project: 654028,H2020 Pilier Excellent Science,H2020-INFRAIA-2014-2015,IPERION CH(2015), Laboratoire de Chimie Physique - Matière et Rayonnement (LCPMR), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and European Synchroton Radiation Facility [Grenoble] (ESRF)

Subjects
Speciation, Mineralogy, chemistry.chemical_element, Organic chemistry, Nanotechnology, 02 engineering and technology, [SHS.MUSEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Cultural heritage and museology, 01 natural sciences, Analytical Chemistry, law.invention, Synchrotron, symbols.namesake, law, [CHIM.ANAL]Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, 0103 physical sciences, Compounds of carbon, 010306 general physics, Spectroscopy, Absorption (electromagnetic radiation), chemistry.chemical_classification, X-ray Raman scattering, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Fossil, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Mammooth, XANES, chemistry, Pigment, symbols, 0210 nano-technology, Carbon, Raman scattering
Abstract

International audience; Carbon compounds are ubiquitous and occur in a diversity of chemical forms in many systems including ancient and historic materials ranging from cultural heritage to paleontology. Determining their speciation cannot only provide unique information on their origin but may also elucidate degradation processes. Synchrotron-based X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy at the carbon K-edge (280−350 eV) is a very powerful method to probe carbon speciation. However, the short penetration depth of soft X-rays imposes stringent constraints on sample type, preparation, and analytical environment. A hard X-ray probe such as X-ray Raman scattering (XRS) can overcome many of these difficulties. Here we report the use of XRS at ∼6 keV incident energy to collect carbon K-edge XANES data and probe the speciation of organic carbon in several specimens relevant to cultural heritage and natural history. This methodology enables the measurement to be done in a nondestructive way, in air, and provides information that is not compromised by surface contamination by ensuring that the dominant signal contribution is from the bulk of the probed material. Using the backscattering geometry at large photon momentum transfer maximizes the XRS signal at the given X-ray energy and enhances nondipole contributions compared to conventional XANES, thereby augmenting the speciation sensitivity. The capabilities and limitations of the technique are discussed. We show that despite its small cross section, for a range of systems the XRS method can provide satisfactory signals at realistic experimental conditions. XRS constitutes a powerful complement to FT-IR, Raman, and conventional XANES spectroscopy, overcoming some of the limitations of these techniques.

Published
2017
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42. The VLT/NaCo large program to probe the occurrence of exoplanets and brown dwarfs at wide orbits

Author

Vigan, A., Bonavita, M., Biller, B., Forgan, D., Rice, K., Chauvin, G., Desidera, S., Meunier, J.-C., Delorme, P., Schlieder, J. E., Bonnefoy, M., Carson, J., Covino, E., Hagelberg, J., Henning, T., Janson, M., Lagrange, A.-M., Quanz, S. P., Zurlo, A., Beuzit, J.-L., Boccaletti, A., Buenzli, E., Feldt, M., Girard, J. H. V., Gratton, R., Kasper, M., Le Coroller, H., Mesa, D., Messina, S., Meyer, M., Montagnier, G., Mordasini, C., Mouillet, D., Moutou, C., Reggiani, M., Segransan, D., Thalmann, C., Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute for Astronomy [Edinburgh] (IfA), University of Edinburgh, INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova (OAPD), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Max Planck Institute for Astronomy (MPIA), SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy [University of St Andrews], University of St Andrews [Scotland]-Scottish Universities Physics Alliance (SUPA), Centre for Exoplanet Science, Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Max Planck Society, NASA ExoPlanet Science Institute (NExScI), California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), College of Charleston, INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Capodimonte (OAC), Stockholm University, Institute of Astronomy [ETH Zürich], Department of Physics [ETH Zürich] (D-PHYS), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich)- Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Universidad Diego Portales [Santiago] (UDP), Universidad de Chile = University of Chile [Santiago] (UCHILE), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), European Southern Observatory (ESO), INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania (OACT), Observatoire de Haute-Provence (OHP), Institut Pythéas (OSU PYTHEAS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Physikalisches Institut [Bern], Universität Bern [Bern] (UNIBE), Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope Corporation (CFHT), National Research Council of Canada (NRC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-University of Hawai'i [Honolulu] (UH), Observatoire Astronomique de l'Université de Genève (ObsGE), Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), French National Research Agency (ANR) : ANR10-BLANC0504-01, French National Research Agency (ANR) : ANR-14-CE33-0018, ECOGAL - European Research Council under ERC-ADG : 291227, Istituto Nazionale Astrofisica (INAF)Ministry of Education, Universities and Research (MIUR)Research Projects of National Relevance (PRIN), Ministry of Education, Universities and Research (MIUR), UK Research & Innovation (UKRI) - Science & Technology Facilities Council (STFC) : ST/M001229/1, National Science Foundation (NSF) : 1009203, Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) - European Commission : BSSGI0_155816, European Union Seventh Framework Programme (ETAEARTH) : 313014, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Universität Bern [Bern], and Université de Genève (UNIGE)

Subjects
[PHYS]Physics [physics], methods: statistical, 530 Physics, techniques: high angular resolution, planets and satellites: formation, infrared: planetary systems, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], planetary systems
Abstract

International audience; Understanding the formation and evolution of giant planets (≥1 MJup) at wide orbital separation (≥5 AU) is one of the goals of direct imaging. Over the past 15 yr, many surveys have placed strong constraints on the occurrence rate of wide-orbit giants, mostly based on non-detections, but very few have tried to make a direct link with planet formation theories. In the present work, we combine the results of our previously published VLT/NaCo large program with the results of 12 past imaging surveys to constitute a statistical sample of 199 FGK stars within 100 pc, including three stars with sub-stellar companions. Using Monte Carlo simulations and assuming linear flat distributions for the mass and semi-major axis of planets, we estimate the sub-stellar companion frequency to be within 0.75–5.70% at the 68% confidence level (CL) within 20–300 AU and 0.5–75 MJup, which is compatible with previously published results. We also compare our results with the predictions of state-of-the-art population synthesis models based on the gravitational instability (GI) formation scenario with and without scattering. We estimate that in both the scattered and non-scattered populations, we would be able to detect more than 30% of companions in the 1–75 MJup range (95% CL). With the threesub-stellar detections in our sample, we estimate the fraction of stars that host a planetary system formed by GI to be within 1.0–8.6% (95% CL). We also conclude that even though GI is not common, it predicts a mass distribution of wide-orbit massive companions that is much closer to what is observed than what the core accretion scenario predicts. Finally, we associate the present paper with the release of the Direct Imaging Virtual Archive (DIVA), a public database that aims at gathering the results of past, present, and future direct imaging surveys.

Published
2017
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43. The VLT/NaCo large program to probe the occurrence of exoplanets and brown dwarfs at wide orbits

Author

Ken Rice, Christian Thalmann, Thomas Henning, Damien Ségransan, H. Le Coroller, Maddalena Reggiani, Julien Girard, J. L. Beuzit, Raffaele Gratton, Markus Feldt, S. Messina, Joshua E. Schlieder, Mariangela Bonavita, David Mouillet, Gael Chauvin, Arthur Vigan, A-M. Lagrange, Sascha P. Quanz, Philippe Delorme, Silvano Desidera, Duncan Forgan, Markus Janson, C. Mordasini, Beth Biller, Joseph C. Carson, Anthony Boccaletti, Janis Hagelberg, Dino Mesa, Guillaume Montagnier, C. Moutou, Elvira Covino, Michael Meyer, Alice Zurlo, J.-C. Meunier, Esther Buenzli, Markus Kasper, Mickael Bonnefoy, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova (OAPD), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie (MPIA), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (LAOG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Erosion torrentielle neige et avalanches (UR ETGR (ETNA)), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Astronomy [ETH Zürich], Department of Physics [ETH Zürich] (D-PHYS), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich [Zürich] (ETH Zürich)-Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), ESO, Physics Department [Garching], Technical University of Munich (TUM)-Technical University of Munich (TUM), Observatoire de Haute-Provence (OHP), Institut Pythéas (OSU PYTHEAS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania (OACT), Recherche Nutrition Humaine, Hôpital de l'Hôtel-Dieu de Clermont-Ferrand, European Southern Observatory (ESO), Physikalisches Institut [Bern], Universität Bern [Bern], Dipartimento di Biochimica G. Moruzzi Sez di Chimica e Propedeutica Biochimica Bologna 40126, Observatoire Astronomique de l'Université de Genève (ObsGE), Université de Genève (UNIGE), SUPA, Institute for Astronomy, The University of Edinburgh, Royal Observatory, Blackford Hill, Edinburgh, EH9 3HJ, UK, SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St. Andrews, KY16 9SS, UK, Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France, NASA ExoPlanet Science Institute (NExScI), California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Missouri, Osservatorio Astronomico di Cagliari, Astrochemistry Group (INAF), Department of Astronomy, Stockholm University, AlbaNova University Center, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden, Institute for Astronomy, Department of Physics, ETH Zürich, Nucleo de Astronomia, Facultad de Ingenieria, Universidad Diego Portales, Av. Ejercito 441, Santiago, Chile, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), European Southern Observatory, INAF-Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania (INAF-OACt), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), University of Bern (UBERN), Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope Corporation (CFHT), National Research Council of Canada (NRC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-University of Hawai'i [Honolulu] (UH), Observatoire Astronomique de l'Université de Genève, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Institute for Astronomy [Edinburgh] (IfA), University of Edinburgh, Max Planck Institute for Astronomy (MPIA), SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy [University of St Andrews], University of St Andrews [Scotland]-Scottish Universities Physics Alliance (SUPA), Centre for Exoplanet Science, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Max Planck Society, College of Charleston, INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Capodimonte (OAC), Stockholm University, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich)- Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Universidad Diego Portales [Santiago] (UDP), Universidad de Chile = University of Chile [Santiago] (UCHILE), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), French National Research Agency (ANR) : ANR10-BLANC0504-01, French National Research Agency (ANR) : ANR-14-CE33-0018, ECOGAL - European Research Council under ERC-ADG : 291227, Istituto Nazionale Astrofisica (INAF)Ministry of Education, Universities and Research (MIUR)Research Projects of National Relevance (PRIN), Ministry of Education, Universities and Research (MIUR), UK Research & Innovation (UKRI) - Science & Technology Facilities Council (STFC) : ST/M001229/1, National Science Foundation (NSF) : 1009203, Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) - European Commission : BSSGI0_155816, and European Union Seventh Framework Programme (ETAEARTH) : 313014

Subjects
statistical [methods], Monte Carlo method, Brown dwarf, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Planet, 0103 physical sciences, planets and satellites: formation, infrared: planetary systems, planetary systems [infrared], 10. No inequality, planetary systems, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], methods: statistical, Mass distribution, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, high angular resolution [techniques], techniques: high angular resolution, formation [planets and satellites], Astronomy and Astrophysics, Planetary system, Exoplanet, Accretion (astrophysics), Stars, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

Understanding the formation and evolution of giant planets ($\ge$1 $M_{Jup}$) at wide orbital separation ($\ge$5 AU) is one of the goals of direct imaging. Over the past 15 years, many surveys have placed strong constraints on the occurrence rate of wide-orbit giants, mostly based on non-detections, but very few have tried to make a direct link with planet formation theories. In the present work, we combine the results of our previously published VLT/NaCo large program with the results of 12 past imaging surveys to constitute a statistical sample of 199 FGK stars within 100 pc, including 3 stars with sub-stellar companions. Using Monte Carlo simulations and assuming linear flat distributions for the mass and semi-major axis of planets, we estimate the sub-stellar companion frequency to be within 0.75-5.7% at the 68% confidence level (CL) within 20-300 AU and 0.5-75 $M_{Jup}$, which is compatible with previously published results. We also compare our results with the predictions of state-of-the-art population synthesis models based on the gravitational instability (GI) formation scenario by Forgan & Rice (2013), with and without scattering. We estimate that in both the scattered and non-scattered populations, we would be able to detect more than 30% of companions in the 1-75 $M_{Jup}$ range (95% CL). With the 3 sub-stellar detections in our sample, we estimate the fraction of stars that host a planetary system formed by GI to be within 1.0-8.6% (95% CL). We also conclude that even though GI is not common, it predicts a mass distribution of wide-orbit massive companions that is much closer to what is observed than what the core accretion scenario predicts. Finally, we associate the present paper with the release of the Direct Imaging Virtual Archive (DIVA, http://cesam.lam.fr/diva/), a public database that aims at gathering the results of past, present, and future direct imaging surveys., 20 pages, 11 figures. Accepted for publication in A&A

Published
2017
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44. Data reporting standards for publication of U-series data for geochronology and timescale assessment in the earth sciences

Author

Richard Lawrence Edwards, Kenneth H. Rubin, Andrea Dutton, Gideon M. Henderson, Eduoard Bard, Yosuke Yokoyama, Mary S Reid, David Richards, J. D. Walker, Noah McLean, James F. Bowring, Kenneth W.W. Sims, Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF), University of Hawaii, University of Kansas [Lawrence] (KU), College of Charleston, Chaire Evolution du climat et de l'océan, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), University of Minnesota System, University of Oxford [Oxford], Northern Arizona University [Flagstaff], University of Bristol [Bristol], University of Wyoming (UW), The University of Tokyo (UTokyo), Collège de France - Chaire Evolution du climat et de l'océan, and University of Oxford

Subjects
U-Th dating, Data, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Isotope, Stratigraphy, Geochronology, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Geology, Context (language use), Limiting, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Data science, Archiving, Set (abstract data type), Metadata, Broad spectrum, U-series disequilibrium, 13. Climate action, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), Series data, Data reporting, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

International audience; Uranium-series data provide essential dating and tracer tools for a broad spectrum of geologic processes. Data reported in U-series geochronology studies often contain insufficient information to completely assess the data collected. It is frequently not possible to calculate a date using the information provided or to re-calculate using different parameters, ultimately limiting the value of the data. The decay constants used are particularly important in that some of the relevant U-series isotopes have been revised. Here we provide a rationale for a minimum set of required data that will enable most calculations and facilitate later data comparisons. Along with these data reporting norms, we discuss additional metadata that will improve understanding of the data and also enhance the ability to re-interpret and assess them in the context of other studies. We posit that these recommendations will provide a foundation for increasing the longevity and usefulness of measurements in the discipline of U-series geochronology. (C) 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.

Published
2017
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45. Non-equilibrium concentration fluctuations in superparamagnetic nanocolloids

Author

Sorinel A. Oprisan, Ana Oprisan, Cédric Giraudet, Ashley Rice, Fabrizio Croccolo, Department of Physics and Astronomy [Charleston], College of Charleston, Laboratoire des Fluides Complexes et leurs Réservoirs (LFCR), and TOTAL FINA ELF-Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Materials science, Biophysics, Nanotechnology, 02 engineering and technology, Ferric Compounds, 01 natural sciences, Colloid, 0103 physical sciences, Shadowgraph, General Materials Science, Colloids, Free diffusion, 010306 general physics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Viscosity, Surfaces and Interfaces, General Chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Nanostructures, Magnetic field, Magnetic Fields, Chemical physics, Mass diffusion, 0210 nano-technology, Biotechnology, Superparamagnetism
Abstract

We investigate non-equilibrium concentration fluctuations during the free diffusion of a colloidal suspension against pure water. We investigate Fe2O3 superparamagnetic nanocolloids with sizes between 1 and 10 nm by means of a shadowgraph apparatus to determine the mixture mass diffusion coefficient and kinematic viscosity. The experiments were performed in three distinct conditions: Experiment 1 is without any magnetic field; Experiment 2 with a vertical magnetic field; Experiment 3 after turning off the magnetic field. We found no correlation between the kinematic viscosity coefficient and the external magnetic field. Conversely, we found that the mass diffusion coefficient decreases in the presence of the external magnetic field and slowly rebounds after the magnetic field was turned off.

Published
2017
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46. Glass groups, glass supply and recycling in late Roman Carthage

Author

Nadine Schibille, Allison Sterrett-Krause, Ian C. Freestone, IRAMAT - Centre Ernest Babelon (IRAMAT-CEB), Institut de Recherches sur les Archéomatériaux (IRAMAT), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM), College of Charleston, Institute of archaeology (UCL), and University College of London [London] (UCL)

Subjects
010506 paleontology, Archeology, HIMT, 060102 archaeology, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Antique, Primary glass groups, Egyptian glass, 06 humanities and the arts, Electron microprobe, Feldspar, 01 natural sciences, Archaeology, Anthropology, visual_art, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Carthage, 0601 history and archaeology, Recycling, [SHS.HIST]Humanities and Social Sciences/History, Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Levantine glass
Abstract

International audience; Carthage played an important role in maritime exchange networks during the Roman and late antique periods. One hundred ten glass fragments dating to the third to sixth centuries CE from a secondary deposit at the Yasmina Necropolis in Carthage have been analysed by electron microprobe analysis (EPMA) to characterise the supply of glass to the city. Detailed bivariate and multivariate data analysis identified different primary glass groups and revealed evidence of extensive recycling. Roman mixed antimony and manganese glasses with MnO contents in excess of 250 ppm were clearly the product of recycling, while iron, potassium and phosphorus oxides were frequent contaminants. Primary glass sources were discriminated using TiO2 as a proxy for heavy minerals (ilmenite/spinel), Al2O3 for feldspar and SiO2 for quartz in the glassmaking sands. It was thus possible to draw conclusions about the chronological and geographical attributions of the primary glass types. Throughout much of the period covered in this study, glassworkers in Carthage utilised glass from both Egyptian and Levantine sources. Based on their geochemical characteristics, we conclude that Roman antimony and Roman manganese glasses originated from Egypt and the Levant, respectively, and were more or less simultaneously worked at Carthage in the fourth century as attested by their mixed recycling (Roman Sb-Mn). In the later fourth and early fifth centuries, glasses from Egypt (HIMT) and the Levant (two Levantine I groups) continued to be imported to Carthage, although the Egyptian HIMT is less well represented at Yasmina than in many other late antique glass assemblages. In contrast, in the later fifth and sixth centuries, glass seems to have been almost exclusively sourced from Egypt in the form of a manganese-decolourised glass originally described and characterised by Foy and colleagues (2003). Hence, the Yasmina assemblage testifies to significant fluctuations in the supply of glass to Carthage that require further attention.

Published
2017
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47. Découverte d'un nouveau gisement du Magdalénien moyen à Enval (Vic-le-Comte, Puy-de-Dôme)

Author

Surmely, Frédéric, Costamagno, Sandrine, Franklin, Jay, Hays, Maureen, Chevrier, François, Madeleine, Stéphane, Vernet, Gérard, Patania, Ilaria, Laboratoire de Géographie Physique et Environnementale (GEOLAB), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société (IR SHS UNILIM), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Travaux et recherches archéologiques sur les cultures, les espaces et les sociétés (TRACES), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), East Tennessee State University (ETSU), College of Charleston, Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Institut Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société (IR SHS UNILIM), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Costamagno, Sandrine

Subjects
[SHS.ARCHEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2017

48. Immunoglobulin light chains in medaka (Oryzias latipes)

Author

Christian Sánchez-Espinel, Susana Magadán-Mompó, Anastasia M. Zimmerman, Francisco Gambón-Deza, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), College of Charleston, Universidade de Vigo, and Hospital do Meixoeiro

Subjects
Evolution, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Oryzias, Molecular Sequence Data, Immunology, RAINBOW-TROUT, Locus (genetics), Teleost immunity, Genome, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, SOMATIC HYPERMUTATION, Genetics, Animals, Gene family, JUNCTIONAL DIVERSITY, Amino Acid Sequence, Gene, Phylogeny, 030304 developmental biology, Genomic organization, Antibody diversity, 0303 health sciences, Expressed sequence tag, Sequence Homology, Amino Acid, biology, TELEOST FISH, CHANNEL CATFISH, Genetic Variation, Immunoglobulin genes, IGL GENES, biology.organism_classification, HEAVY-CHAIN, Isotype, B-CELLS, IMMUNE-SYSTEM, Genes, Immunoglobulin Light Chain, GENOMIC ORGANIZATION, 030215 immunology
Abstract

International audience; The gene segments encoding antibodies have been studied in many capacities and represent some of the best-characterized gene families in traditional animal disease models (mice and humans). To date, multiple immunoglobulin light chain (IgL) isotypes have been found in vertebrates and it is unclear as to which isotypes might be more primordial in nature. Sequence data emerging from an array of fish genome projects is a valuable resource for discerning complex multigene assemblages in this critical branch point of vertebrate phylogeny. Herein, we have analyzed the genomic organization of medaka (Oryzias latipes) IgL gene segments based on recently released genome data. The medaka IgL locus located on chromosome 11 contains at least three clusters of IgL gene segments comprised of multiple gene assemblages of the kappa light chain isotype. These data suggest that medaka IgL gene segments may undergo both intra- and inter-cluster rearrangements as a means to generate additional diversity. Alignments of expressed sequence tags to concordant gene segments which revealed each of the three IgL clusters are expressed. Collectively, these data provide a genomic framework for IgL genes in medaka and indicate that Ig diversity in this species is achieved from at least three distinct chromosomal regions.

Published
2013
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49. XIPE

Author

Soffitta, P., Bellazzini, R., Bozzo, E., Burwitz, V., Castro-Tirado, A. J., Costa, E., Courvoisier, T., Feng, H., Gburek, S., Goosmann, R., Karas, V., Matt, G., Muleri, F., Nandra, K., Pearce, M., Poutanen, J., Reglero, V., Sabau Maria, D., Santangelo, A., Tagliaferri, G., Tenzer, C., Vink, J., Weisskopf, M. C., Zane, S., Agudo, I., Antonelli, A., Attina, P., Baldini, L., Bykov, A., Carpentiero, R., Cavazzuti, E., Churazov, E., Del Monte, E., De Martino, D., Donnarumma, I., Doroshenko, V., Evangelista, Y., Ferreira, I., Gallo, E., Grosso, N., Kaaret, P., Kuulkers, E., Laranaga, J., Latronico, L., Lumb, D. H., Macian, J., Malzac, J., Marin, F., Massaro, E., Minuti, M., Mundell, C., Ness, J. U., Oosterbroek, T., Paltani, S., Pareschi, G., Perna, R., Petrucci, P. O., Pinazo, H. B., Pinchera, M., Rodriguez, J. P., Roncadelli, M., Santovincenzo, A., Sazonov, S., Sgro, C., Spiga, D., Svoboda, J., Theobald, C., Theodorou, T., Turolla, R., Wilhelmi De Ona, E., Winter, B., Akbar, A. M., Allan, H., Aloisio, R., Altamirano, D., Amati, L., Amato, E., Angelakis, E., Arezu, J., Atteia, J. L., Axelsson, M., Bachetti, M., Ballo, L., Balman, S., Bandiera, R., Barcons, X., Basso, S., Baykal, A., Becker, W., Behar, E., Beheshtipour, B., Belmont, R., Berger, E., Bernardini, F., Bianchi, S., Bisnovatyi-Kogan, G., Blasi, P., Blay, P., Bodaghee, A., Boer, M., Boettcher, M., Bogdanov, S., Bombaci, I., Bonino, R., Braga, J., Brandt, W., Brez, A., Bucciantini, N., Burderi, L., Caiazzo, I., Campana, R., Campana, S., Capitanio, F., Cappi, M., Cardillo, M., Casella, P., Catmabacak, O., Cenko, B., Cerda-Duran, P., Cerruti, C., Chaty, S., Chauvin, M., Chen, Y., Chenevez, J., Chernyakova, M., Cheung Teddy, C. C., Christodoulou, D., Connell, P., Corbet, R., Coti Zelati, F., Covino, S., Cui, W., Cusumano, G., D'Ai, A., D'Ammando, F., Dadina, M., Dai, Z., De Rosa, A., De Ruvo, L., Degenaar, N., Del Santo, M., Del Zanna, L., Dewangan, G., Di Cosimo, S., Di Lalla, N., Di Persio, G., Di Salvo, T., Dias, T., Done, C., Dovciak, M., Doyle, G., Ducci, L., Elsner, R., Enoto, T., Escada, J., Esposito, P., Eyles, C., Fabiani, S., Falanga, M., Falocco, S., Fan, Y., Fender, R., Feroci, M., Ferrigno, C., Forman, W., Foschini, L., Fragile, C., Fuerst, F., Fujita, Y., Gasent-Blesa, J. L., Gelfand, J., Gendre, B., Ghirlanda, G., Ghisellini, G., Giroletti, M., Goetz, D., Gogus, E., Gomez, J. L., Gonzalez, D., Gonzalez-Riestra, R., Gotthelf, E., Gou, L., Grandi, P., Grinberg, V., Grise, F., Guidorzi, C., Gurlebeck, N., Guver, T., Haggard, D., Hardcastle, M., Hartmann, D., Haswell, C., Heger, A., Hernanz, M., Heyl, J., Ho, L., Hoormann, J., Horak, J., Huovelin, J., Huppenkothen, D., Iaria, R., Inam Sitki, C., Ingram, A., Israel, G., Izzo, L., Burgess, M., Jackson, M., Ji, L., Jiang, J., Johannsen, T., Jones, C., Jorstad, S., Kajava, J. J E, Kalamkar, M., Kalemci, E., Kallman, T., Kamble, A., Kislat, F., Kiss, M., Klochkov, D., Koerding, E., Kolehmainen, M., Koljonen, K., Komossa, S., Kong, A., Korpela, S., Kowalinski, M., Krawczynski, H., Kreykenbohm, I., Kuss, M., Lai, D., Lan, M., Larsson, J., Laycock, S., Lazzati, D., Leahy, D., Li, H., Li, J., Li, L. X., Li, T., Li, Z., Linares, M., Lister, M., Liu, H., Lodato, G., Lohfink, A., Longo, F., Luna, G., Lutovinov, A., Mahmoodifar, S., Maia, J., Mainieri, V., Maitra, C., Maitra, D., Majczyna, A., Maldera, S., Malyshev, D., Manfreda, A., Manousakis, A., Manuel, R., Margutti, R., Marinucci, A., Markoff, S., Marscher, A., Marshall, H., Massaro, F., McLaughlin, M., Medina-Tanco, G., Mehdipour, M., Middleton, M., Mignani, R., Mimica, P., Mineo, T., Mingo, B., Miniutti, G., Mirac, S. M., Morlino, G., Motlagh, A. V., Motta, S. E., Mushtukov, A., Nagataki, S., Nardini, F., Nattila, J., Navarro, G. J., Negri, B., Negro, M., Nenonen, S., Neustroev, V., Nicastro, F., Norton, A., Nucita, A., O'Brien, P., O'Dell, S., Odaka, H., Olmi, B., Omodei, N., Orienti, M., Orlandini, M., Osborne, J., Pacciani, L., Paliya, V. S., Papadakis, I., Papitto, A., Paragi, Z., Pascal, P., Paul, B., Pavan, L., Pellizzoni, A., Perinati, E., Pesce-Rollins, M., Piconcelli, E., Pili, A. G., Pilia, M., Pohl, Martin, Ponti, G., Porquet, D., Possenti, A., Postnov, K., Prandoni, I., Produit, N., Puehlhofer, G., Ramsey, B., Razzano, M., Rea, N., Reig, P., Reinsch, K., Reiprich, T., Reynolds, M., Risaliti, G., Roberts, T., Rodriguez, J., Rossi, M. E., Rosswog, S., Rozanska, A., Rubini, A., Rudak, B., Russell, D., Ryde, F., Sabatini, S., Sala, G., Salvati, M., Sasaki, M., Savolainen, T., Saxton, R., Scaringi, S., Schawinski, K., Schulz, N. S., Schwope, A., Severgnini, P., Sharon, M., Shaw, A., Shearer, A., Shesheng, X., Shih, I. C., Silva, K., Silva, R., Silver, E., Smale, A., Spada, F., Spandre, G., Stamerra, A., Stappers, B., Starrfield, S., Stawarz, L., Stergioulas, N., Stevens, A., Stiele, H., Suleimanov, V., Sunyaev, R., Slowikowska, A., Tamborra, F., Tavecchio, F., Taverna, R., Tiengo, A., Tolos, L., Tombesi, F., Tomsick, J., Tong, H., Torok, G., Torres, D. F., Tortosa, A., Tramacere, A., Trimble, V., Trinchieri, G., Tsygankov, S., Tuerler, M., Turriziani, S., Ursini, F., Uttley, P., Varniere, P., Vincent, F., Vurgun, E., Wang, C., Wang, Z., Watts, A., Wheeler, J. C., Wiersema, K., Wijnands, R., Wilms, J., Wolter, A., Wood, K., Wu, K., Wu, X., Xiangyu, W., Xie, F., Xu, R., Yan, S. P., Yang, J., Yu, W., Yuan, F., Zajczyk, A., Zanetti, D., Zanin, R., Zanni, C., Zappacosta, L., Zdziarski, A. A., Zech, A., Zhang, H., Zhang, S., Zhang, W., Zoghbi, A., den Herder, Jan-Willem A., Takahashi, Tadayuki, Bautz, Marshall, Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali, University of Pisa, University of Geneva, Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, CSIC, Tsinghua University, Polish Academy of Sciences, Université de Strasbourg, Czech Academy of Sciences, Roma Tre University, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, University of Turku, Universidad de Valencia, Instituto Nacional de Tecnica Aeroespacial, University of Tübingen, INAF—Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera, University of Amsterdam, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, University College London, ASI Science Data Center, Ioffe Institute, Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, Max-Planck-Institut für Astrophysik, INAF Osservatorio Astronomico di Capodimonte, European Space Research and Technology Centre, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan State University, INFN, Sezione di Torino, IRAP, Università La Sapienza, INFN Pisa, University of Bath, European Space Astronomy Centre, Stony Brook University, Université Grenoble Alpes, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Russian Academy of Sciences, University of Padova, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Effat University, Danmarks Tekniske Universitet, Osservatorio Astrofisico Di Arcetri, Florence, Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica Cosmica di Bologna, Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy, Buein Zahra Technical University, Osservatorio Astronomico Cagliari, Middle East Technical University, Universidad de Cantabria, Osservatorio Astronomicodi Roma, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Washington University St. Louis, Harvard University, New York University Abu Dhabi, Space Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Georgia College, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), North West University, Columbia University, Sapienza University of Rome, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais, Pennsylvania State University, University of Cagliari, University of British Columbia, INAF/IASF Bologna, INAF, Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma, Sabanci University, Université Paris Diderot, Nanjing University, Dublin City University, Naval Research Laboratory, University of Massachusetts Lowell, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Purdue University, INAF-IASF Palermo, University of Palermo, Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics India, Durham University, Armagh Observatory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Universidade de Coimbra, INAF/IASF Milano, International Space Science Institute, University of Naples Federico II, CAS - Purple Mountain Observatory, University of Oxford, College of Charleston, California Institute of Technology, Osaka University, University of the Virgin Islands, European Space Agency - ESA, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Bremen, Istanbul University, McGill University, University of Hertfordshire, Clemson University, Open University Milton Keynes, Monash University, University of Helsinki, Cardiff University, CAS - Institute of High Energy Physics, Fudan University, Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Boston University, Radboud University Nijmegen, National Tsing Hua University, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cornell University, Oregon State University, University of Calgary, Kavli Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics, XiangTan University, Guangxi University, University of Milano, University of Cambridge, Università Degli Studi di Trieste, Universidad de Buenos Aires, European Southern Observatory, Wheaton College, National Centre for Nuclear Research, Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Center of the Polish Academy of Sciences, New York University, West Virginia University, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research, University of Leicester, Gran Sasso Science Institute, RIKEN, Keele University, Oxford Instruments Analytical Oy, University of Salento, JAXA Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, University of Florence, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, University of Crete, Joint Institute for VLBI in Europe, Université Paul Sabatier, Raman Research Institute, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas, University of Göttingen, Argelander-Institut für Astronomie, Leiden University, Stockholm University, Polytechnic University of Catalonia, Metsähovi Radio Observatory, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich, Leibniz Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam, University of Alberta, University of Southampton, National University of Ireland, Galway, Paris Observatory, INAF—Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino, University of Manchester, Arizona State University, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University of Zielona Gora, Istituto Universitario di Studi Superiori di Pavia, University of Maryland, College Park, University of California Berkeley, Silesian University in Opava, University of California Irvine, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Institut national de physique nucléaire et de physique des particules, Université Pierre and Marie Curie, Tongji University, University of Texas at Austin, Peking University, CAS - Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Aalto-yliopisto, and Aalto University

Subjects
X-ray Astronomy, X-ray optics, Polarimetry, Gas Pixel Detector
Abstract

XIPE, the X-ray Imaging Polarimetry Explorer, is a mission dedicated to X-ray Astronomy. At the time of writing XIPE is in a competitive phase A as fourth medium size mission of ESA (M4). It promises to reopen the polarimetry window in high energy Astrophysics after more than 4 decades thanks to a detector that efficiently exploits the photoelectric effect and to X-ray optics with large effective area. XIPE uniqueness is time-spectrally-spatially-resolved X-ray polarimetry as a breakthrough in high energy astrophysics and fundamental physics. Indeed the payload consists of three Gas Pixel Detectors at the focus of three X-ray optics with a total effective area larger than one XMM mirror but with a low weight. The payload is compatible with the fairing of the Vega launcher. XIPE is designed as an observatory for X-ray astronomers with 75 % of the time dedicated to a Guest Observer competitive program and it is organized as a consortium across Europe with main contributions from Italy, Germany, Spain, United Kingdom, Poland, Sweden.

Published
2016

50. Song characteristics track bill morphology along a gradient of urbanization in house finches (Haemorhous mexicanus)

Author

Kevin J. McGraw, Stevan Earl, Mathieu Giraudeau, Masaru Hasegawa, Caitlin Black, Paul M. Nolan, School of Life Sciences [Tempe, USA], Arizona State University [Tempe] (ASU), Department of Biology [Charleston], College of Charleston, and Graduate University for Advanced Studies [Hayama] (SOKENDAI)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Range (biology), [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Foraging, Biodiversity, Zoology, Vocal communication, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Bill shape, 03 medical and health sciences, Noise pollution, Urbanization, biology.animal, 11. Sustainability, Urban impacts, Finch, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 030304 developmental biology, Abiotic component, 0303 health sciences, biology, Ecology, Research, Singing behavior, Animal ecology, Animal Science and Zoology
Abstract

Introduction Urbanization can considerably impact animal ecology, evolution, and behavior. Among the new conditions that animals experience in cities is anthropogenic noise, which can limit the sound space available for animals to communicate using acoustic signals. Some urban bird species increase their song frequencies so that they can be heard above low-frequency background city noise. However, the ability to make such song modifications may be constrained by several morphological factors, including bill gape, size, and shape, thereby limiting the degree to which certain species can vocally adapt to urban settings. We examined the relationship between song characteristics and bill morphology in a species (the house finch, Haemorhous mexicanus) where both vocal performance and bill size are known to differ between city and rural animals. Results We found that bills were longer and narrower in more disturbed, urban areas. We observed an increase in minimum song frequency of urban birds, and we also found that the upper frequency limit of songs decreased in direct relation to bill morphology. Conclusions These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that birds with longer beaks and therefore longer vocal tracts sing songs with lower maximum frequencies because longer tubes have lower-frequency resonances. Thus, for the first time, we reveal dual constraints (one biotic, one abiotic) on the song frequency range of urban animals. Urban foraging pressures may additionally interact with the acoustic environment to shape bill traits and vocal performance. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12983-014-0083-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Published
2014
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