Search

Pine nut skin (PNS) is an unexploited and uncharacterized by-product recovered during pine nut processing. The exploitation of by-products as sources of valuable compounds agrees with the current demand for the reduction of waste, and a transition to more sustainable production and consumption1. Therefore, PNS characterization and bioactive potentialities were assessed. The utilization of several chromatographic techniques allowed the characterization of PNS phenolic compounds (HPLC-DAD-UV and HPLC-DAD-ESI-MSn), and the carbohydrates quantification and structural characterization, after specific derivatization (GC-FID and GC-MS). PNS subcritical water extraction using microwave was optimized and the obtained extracts, separated into low-molecularweight (rich in phenolic compounds) and high-molecular-weight (rich in carbohydrates), were evaluated regarding their digestibility and prebiotic activity. The prebiotic potential was assessed by quantifying the short-chain fatty acids (HPLC-UV) produced after the in vitro faecal fermentation. HPLC-DAD-ESI-MSn allowed to identify PNS phenolic compounds, namely protocatechuic, p-coumaric, and caffeic acids, while HPLC-DAD-UV enabled the monomers identification of proanthocyanidins ((epi)catechins) and hydrolysable tannins (protocatechuic acid), after acid methanolysis. GC techniques allowed to disclose the polysaccharides structures (xyloglucans and pectic polysaccharides) and their degradation by microbiota. The fermentation of both extracts rich in phenolic compounds and rich in polysaccharides resulted in an increased production of acetic, propionic, and butyric acids when compared to the commercial prebiotic inulin, proposing these PNS extracts as prebiotic agents., The work was supported through the projects UIDB/50006/2020 and UIDP/50006/2020, funded by FCT/MCTES through national funds. Soraia P. Silva, Alondra González and Dalila Roupar thank FCT/MCTES and ESF through NORTE 2020 for their PhD grants (ref. SFRH/BD/136471/2018, SFRH/BD/06268/2021 and SFRH/DB/139884/2018 respectively). Elisabete Coelho thanks the research contract (CDL-CTTRI-88-ARH/2018 – REF. 049-88-ARH/2018) funded by national funds (OE), through FCT, in the scope of the framework contract foreseen in the numbers 4, 5 and 6 of the article 23, of the Decree-Law 57/2016, of August 29, changed by Law 57/2017, of July 19. Clarisse Nobre acknowledges FCT for the assistant research contract 2021.01234.CEECIND., info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Trabajo presentado a las XXVI Jornadas Internacionales de Nutrición Práctica y al XV Congreso Internacional de la Sociedad Española de Dietética y Ciencias de la Alimentación, Sociedad Española de Dietética y Ciencias de la Alimentación, celebrados en Madrid del 29 al 31 de marzo de 2022.

Book of Abstracts of CEB Annual Meeting 2017, [Excerpt] The development of injectable bone substitutes (IBS) have garnered great importance in the bone regeneration field, as a strategy to reach areas of the body using minimally invasive procedures, and showing the ability of perfect fitting according to irregularities of bone tissue defects. In this context, the combination of injectable hydrogels and ceramic granules is emerging as a well-established trend. Particularly, in situ gelation hydrogels have arisen as a new IBS generation. [...], info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

His book focuses on process simulation in chemical engineering with a numerical algorithm based on the moving finite element method (MFEM). It offers new tools and approaches for modeling and simulating time-dependent problems with moving fronts and with moving boundaries described by time-dependent convection-reaction-diffusion partial differential equations in one or two-dimensional space domains. It provides a comprehensive account of the development of the moving finite element method, describing and analyzing the theoretical and practical aspects of the MFEM for models in 1D, 1D+1d, and 2D space domains. Mathematical models are universal, and the book reviews successful applications of MFEM to solve engineering problems. It covers a broad range of application algorithm to engineering problems, namely on separation and reaction processes presenting and discussing relevant numerical applications of the moving finite element method derived from real-world process simulations.

The objective of this work was to estimate the genetic variability level and distribution in Brazilian broodstocks of marine shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). Nine of the country?s largest hatcheries were evaluated using codominant and highly polymorphic microsatellite markers. The results obtained from genotyping of ten microsatellite loci are indicative of genetic variability that is compatible with that found in wild populations of L. vannamei in Mexico and Central America. A possible explanation is the highly diversified and relatively recent origin of the available broodstocks. Bayesian analysis detected a signal for five founding populations. The distribution of genetic distances partially reflects geographical location, and this information will be useful for the creation of new broodstocks. Therefore, L. vannamei genetic variability among nine of the largest national hatcheries can be considered high.

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

No abstract available.

Layer-by-Layer (LbL) assembly is based on the electrostatic interaction between oppositely charged polyelectrolytes alternatively adsorbed onto an appropriate template. Nanocapsules prepared through LbL can be specially engineered with controlled sizes, composition, and functionality, and can be used as carriers for bioactive compounds. Chitosan, a cationic polysaccharide with antimicrobial activity, and fucoidan, an anionic sulfated polysaccharide with various bioactive properties (such as antioxidant activity), are candidates for the formation of functional multilayers. The present work aims at developing biodegradable hollow nanocapsules through LbL assembly of chitosan and fucoidan. Nanocapsules were built through the alternate deposition of 10 chitosan/fucoidan layers on polystyrene (PS) nanoparticles (diameter 100 nm), used as templates, followed by removal of the PS core. The obtained multilayer nanocapsules were characterized by means of dynamic light scattering (DLS) (size and zeta potential), quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) measurements, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Zeta potential values indicated the stepwise deposition of chitosan and fucoidan alternating layers on the PS nanoparticles. The real-time build-up of chitosan and fucoidan nanolayered assemblies was monitored by QCM and a frequency decrease was observed after each polyelectrolyte deposition, indicating that mass was being deposited, and also the adsorption equilibrium was attained and stable layers were obtained. DLS measurements and SEM showed that the size of the nanocapsules is in the order of a few hundreds of nanometers. The removal of the PS templates from the core-shell particles was confirmed by the disappearance of the characteristic bands (at 3000-3103, 756 and 698 cm -1) of the PS residue in the FTIR spectrum. Chitosan/fucoidan capsules are envisaged as a nanocarrier system (for example, oxidation-sensitive active compounds, which would benefit from the shelter provided by the capsules). Such systems have possible applications in food and pharmaceutical industries., info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

In this work, the effect of high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) treatment of wine, as substitute of SO2, was evaluated by quantification of microbial load, antioxidant capacity, and colour. For this purpose, red wine of two consecutive harvests (2008 and 2009) was produced without the addition of SO2. At the end of the alcoholic fermentation, the wine was pressurized at 350 MPa for 20 min at 20 ºC. After nine months of storage, the wine submitted to HHP showed no growth of yeasts and bacteria. However, differences in colour and antioxidant activity were observed in pressurized wine from 2009 but not in pressurized wine from 2008, when compared to the wine with SO2. These results show that although HHP technology has already been proposed for wine pasteurization, more studies concerning its effect on wine, towards the use of HHP to reduce SO2 in wine making, are still required. Dans ce travail, l'effet du traitement avec pression hydrostatique élevée (PHE) au vin, comme substitut du SO2, a été évalué par la quantification de la croissance microbienne, la capacité anti-oxydante et la couleur. Pour cet effet, un vin rouge de deux récoltes consécutives (2008 et 2009) a été produit sans addition de SO2. À la fin de la fermentation alcoolique, le vin a été pressurisé à 350 MPa pendant 20 min à 20º C. Le vin soumis à PHE n'a montré aucune croissance de levures et de bactéries après la pressurisation. Toutefois, il a été observé, après neuf mois de stockage, des différences de couleur et d’activité anti-oxydante dans le vin de 2009 pressurisé, mais pas dans le vin de 2008 pressurisé, par rapport au vin avec SO2. Ces résultats montrent que même si la technologie de PHE a déjà été proposée pour la pasteurisation du vin, d’autres études de son effet sur le vin sont nécessaires pour que cette technique puisse être utilisée comme un substitut du SO2 dans la vinification.

We consider the separation of sources when only one movable sensor is available to record a set of mixtures at distinct locations. A single mixture signal is acquired, which is firstly segmented. Then, based on the assumption that the underlying sources are temporally periodic, we align the resulting signals and form a measurement vector on which source separation can be performed. We demonstrate that this approach can successfully recover the original sources both when working with simulated data, and for a real problem of heart sound separation.

Resumo não disponível.

Brewers´ spent grain (BSG) is a by-product from beer industry that can be exploited as a source of arabinoxylo-oligosaccharides (AXOS) with prebiotic activity. In this study, microwave-assisted extractions were performed during 2 min at 140-210°Cin order to evaluate the feasibility of this extraction technology for quantitative extraction of the arabinoxylans (AX) or AXOS from BSG. The AX yield increasedwith the increase of the temperature in the range used. The best condition of extraction of the AXwas 210 ºC during 2 min, allowing the extraction of 43% of total AX. These AX showed structural variability which allow to define specific types of compounds for different applications and uses depending on the extraction conditions used.

A adição de sulfuroso nas diferentes etapas de vinificação tem por objectivo impedir o crescimento de microrganimos nocivos ao vinho, bem como actuar como antioxidante, mantendo as características sensoriais do vinho. Contudo, os produtores têm procurado reduzir a utilização de sulfuroso dada a sensibilidade alérgica a este composto por cerca de um terço dos consumidores. Neste trabalho foram testados diferentes tratamentos com o objectivo de desenvolver tecnologias para a substituição total ou parcial do sulfuroso adicionado na vinificação. Foram estudados três tratamentos diferentes em vinho branco de forma isolada e em combinação: adição de um sesquiterpenóide, adição de quitosana e a utilização da tecnologia de alta pressão hidrostática. Para fins de comparação, também foi preparado e analisado um vinho com sulfuroso e outro sem nenhum tipo de tratamento. Os vinhos tratados com quitosana e alta pressão, ao fim de um mês de armazenamento, ainda apresentavam ausência de leveduras. Contudo, no vinho sem tratamento e no vinho em que só foi adicionado o sesquiterpenóide verificou-se crescimento de leveduras (5x1 04-6x1 o4 UFCJmL). A actividade antioxidante foi superior no vinho branco tratado com o sesquiterpenóide (28%), quitosana (30%) e alta pressão (35%) em comparação com o vinho sem tratamento e com valores semelhantes ao vinho tratado com sulfuroso. Estes resultados preliminares mostram que a adição do sesquiterpenóide ou quitosana e a utilização da tecnologia de alta pressão, são tratamentos promissores como substituintes das propriedades de conservação conferidas pelo sulfuroso aos vinhos.