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With the COVID-19 pandemic, the importance of vaccines has been widely recognized and has led to increased research and development efforts. Vaccines also play a crucial role in cancer treatment by activating the immune system to target and destroy cancer cells. However, enhancing the efficacy of cancer vaccines remains a challenge. Adjuvants, which enhance the immune response to antigens and improve vaccine effectiveness, have faced limitations in recent years, resulting in few novel adjuvants being identified. The advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) technology in drug development has provided a foundation for adjuvant screening and application, leading to a diversification of adjuvants. This article reviews the significant role of tumor vaccines in basic research and clinical treatment and explores the use of AI technology to screen novel adjuvants from databases. The findings of this review offer valuable insights for the development of new adjuvants for next-generation vaccines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death. Pyronaridine, a synthetic drug of artemisinin, has been used in China for over 30 years for the treatment of malaria, but its effect on non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells is rarely reported. In this study, we determined the efficacy of pyronaridine in four different NSCLC cell lines and explored its mechanism in H1975. The data showed that pyronaridine could upregulate the expression of TNF‐related apoptosis‐inducing ligand (TRAIL)‐mediated death receptor 5 to promote cellular apoptosis. Meanwhile, the JNK (c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase) level was detected to be significantly increased after treating with pyronaridine. We used JNK inhibitor and found that it could partially inhibit cell apoptosis. The results showed that epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), PI3K, and AKT were downregulated after the treatment of pyronaridine. In summary, pyronaridine can selectively kill NSCLC by regulating TRAIL‐mediated apoptosis and downregulating the protein level of EGFR. It is a promising anticancer drug for NSCLC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the COVID-19 pandemic, the importance of vaccines has been widely recognized and has led to increased research and development efforts. Vaccines also play a crucial role in cancer treatment by activating the immune system to target and destroy cancer cells. However, enhancing the efficacy of cancer vaccines remains a challenge. Adjuvants, which enhance the immune response to antigens and improve vaccine effectiveness, have faced limitations in recent years, resulting in few novel adjuvants being identified. The advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) technology in drug development has provided a foundation for adjuvant screening and application, leading to a diversification of adjuvants. This article reviews the significant role of tumor vaccines in basic research and clinical treatment and explores the use of AI technology to screen novel adjuvants from databases. The findings of this review offer valuable insights for the development of new adjuvants for next-generation vaccines., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Zhang, Zheng, Coghi, Chen, Dong and Fan.)