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This article presents an ecolinguistic framework for analysing advertising and applies it to a wide range of TV advertisements for Coca-Cola. This particular product was selected because of well-publicised criticisms of its impact on health and the environment. The framework classifies advertisements into one of five types: classic-type, identity-type, narrative-type, cause-type, and counter-type, with many advertisements being hybrids of more than one type. The analysis uses multimodal discourse analysis to reveal underlying messages behind the advertisements, and judges these according to an ecosophy based on the World Health Organisation’s concept of One Health. The aim of the analysis is to reveal linguistic and multimodal features that are used to persuade people to purchase products which potentially harm both the consumer and the environment. The results can be practically applied in critical language awareness materials that can promote healthier and more environmentally beneficial purchasing.

This paper aims to explore key pillars of supply chain competitiveness (SCC) and understand how top supply chains remain competitive in the long term. The research design is divided into two phases. First, an extensive review of the scholarly SCC literature is conducted to identify the core pillars that help achieve SCC. Second, the literature published in practitioner outlets on the five selected companies of Gartner's Supply Chain Top 25 is scrutinized to understand how top supply chains apply the core pillars of SCC in practice. A total of 193 scientific and practitioner articles were analyzed to develop the key pillars of SCC. This study identified six key pillars of SCC in the literature: innovation, sustainability, collaboration, information technology, agility, and flexibility. It has been found that a combination of these pillars, if not all, will be required to remain competitive in the post-COVID-19 era. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gastric bezoar is a very rare clinical condition and hard to treat. Phytobezoars are one of the most common types of bezoars, which happens with the consumption of indigestible fibers. In this report, we presented an elderly man with gastric phytobezoar who presented with peptic ulcer and was treated successfully with proton pump inhibitor (PPI) and Coca-Cola. Surveillance endoscopy showed a completely healed ulcer. It was shown that cautious use of Coca-Cola can be helpful and safe in treating concomitant phytobezoar and gastric ulcers. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of phytobezoar from Iran, which was treated with cola. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Iconic Coca-Cola and premium orange juice are the most consumed soft drinks and juices in the world. In the present study the obtention five samples of soft drink by mixing the two beverages in different proportion, 1:0.125, 1:0.25, 1:0.5, 1:1 and 1:2 was described. The physicochemical and sensory characteristics were described. The determined quality indicators were the following: the relative density, the soluble dry matter, the total acidity, the turbidity, the kinematic viscosity, the soluble dry matter/titratable acidity, the carbon dioxide, the vitamin C, the sensory analysis. Compared to the Coca-Cola and premium orange juice control samples, the consumer’s favorite was the sample with Coca Cola: premium orange juice - ratio 1:2. The values of the quality indicators of this innovative combination are in the range of known values for the non-alcoholic beverages, but the CO2 content is 1.52 g/100 cm3 and that of the ascorbic acid is 467 ppm. The 467 ppm increase in the vitamin C content as compared to Coca-Cola, which contains 0 ppm, can place this sample in the category of the nutraceutical beverages naturally enriched with vitamin C.

Coca-Cola is the most typical modern drink. The Coca-Cola system is universal, with the help of which the drink was imposed on all people in the world. That universality is often sought to be copied by its competitors. This means that Coca-Cola has to invent new skills and products to stand out from the rest. The Coca-Cola product does not exist without the marketing dimension. Coca-Cola campaigns are present all over the planet. The marketing product has grown into an essential dimension in the life of the company. Coca-Cola has its own marketing department but also works with specialized marketing agencies in the concept of building the personality of the product. They are obliged to position themselves for all propaganda works. This marketing has a single goal: to convince consumers to buy Coca-Cola again. It is a product like man. It needs to be revived, to build personality and to be attractive. The specificity of Coca-Cola's marketing is the marketing mix. Marketing mix (or market planning) allows you to put in place an overall strategy that takes into account the different elements needed to achieve your goals. When you start a new market, you will not have to leave anything to chance to know your audience, and your competitors and have a clear view of your marketing campaigns. The marketing mix allows you to effectively structure these campaigns by grouping them by domain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Trichobezoars (hair bezoars) are primarily observed in adolescent girls who pull their hair followed by its ingestion. Endoscopic removal of trichobezoars is challenging, and these masses often require surgical removal. Recently, although it has been reported that Coca‐Cola could effectively dissolve persimmon phytobezoars, it was ineffective in dissolving trichobezoars. We report a case in which Coca‐Cola was directly injected into a trichobezoar followed by successful endoscopic removal of the mass. A 9‐year‐old girl visited our hospital with abdominal pain and nausea, wherein abdominal radiography revealed a mass in the stomach. Her mother witnessed her pulling and ingesting her hair 6 months previously. An upper endoscopy was performed for diagnosis of the trichobezoar. Endoscopic removal of the mass was performed under general anesthesia following oral administration of Coca‐Cola at a dose of 100 mL thrice a day for 10 days. Initially, we attempted endoscopic extraction using grasping forceps and a radiofrequency snare. However, the bezoar could not be fragmented and did not pass through the cardia. Thus, Coca‐Cola was injected directly into the bezoar using a local injection needle, which facilitated the separation of the bezoar and allowed the grasping forceps to fragment it to a size that could pass through the cardia. Owing to the large size of the bezoar, we could remove 180 g of it without complications. The patient received psychological counseling after the procedure, to prevent recurrence. In conclusion, direct injection of Coca‐Cola was effective in the complete endoscopic removal of trichobezoars.

With the expansion of America's global influence in the early twentieth century, consuming American cold refreshments, such as Coca-Cola (Coke) and Hazelwood Ice Cream, became an urban fashion in Republican Shanghai during the 1930s and 1940s. Their American merchants, the Coca-Cola and Henningsen Companies, published advertisements depicting women consuming these American refreshments in Shanghai-based print media. Both companies used localized strategies to advertise their products to Chinese customers. Specifically, they used many fashion images of a modern way of life that was at once Sinicized and Americanized, with ads featuring healthy, free, dignified, and, at times, sexualized female models as their consumers. Focusing on these American refreshments' advertisements, this article argues that American capitalists presented a hybridized modernity to market their products in Republican Shanghai, the most Western-influenced Chinese cosmopolitan city; however, their advertising strategies varied to an extent because they used different business modes and coped with different levels of domestic competition in the Chinese market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the work of the Polish photographer Wacław Nowak, who had the opportunity to photograph with an American Polaroid camera in the midst of the Cold War, this article focuses on the political entanglement of various materials and things identified with Western culture. Polaroidisation, as used in the title of the text, is the equivalent of the terms McDonaldisation or Coca-colonisation, which appear in treatises on American economic and political expansion. The subject of the text has become the entanglement of instant photographic techniques in the cultural rivalry of warring blocs of states. Like the famous exhibition The Family of Man (MoMA, 1955), which toured the world, repeatedly crossing the borders of the Iron Curtain, Polaroid materials and process were used as a tools of Western propaganda, promoting American values and technological inventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of information and communication technologies by consumers enables consumers to contribute actively to various commercial activities. With the change in the understanding that the consumer is only accepted as the purchasing mass, new and different strategies have started to be implemented. Crowdsourcing, which has changed the shape of consumer participation from past to present, is applied in many areas such as crowdfunding, creative ideas and innovation, as well as marketing and communication strategies of companies. Crowdsourcing is one of the most effective strategies that marketing managers can use to engage with their target audience and create value for a business. Along with technology and social media, crowdsourcing has developed rapidly as an innovative tool in the field of marketing. The use of the crowd as a marketing tool transforms into a global participation with the internet and changes the marketing processes. The consumer, which has become the most important actor of participation, is accepted as the most important business partner of businesses and brands. One of the most important changes in the transition from web 2.0 environment to web 3.0 environment in digital marketing is the implementation of crowdsourcing projects in marketing applications. The aim of this study is to reveal how the consumer is used as a resource in the context of crowdsourcing in marketing studies and their participation characteristics. In the study, a case study was carried out on the crowdsourcing project examples of the Coca-Cola brand. As a result of the research, it is concluded that Coca-Cola's crowdsourcing is mostly related to brand positioning, consumer participation and marketing, and at the same time, the brand effectively uses its consumer audience as a participatory and creative crowdsourcing power in its marketing efforts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Abant Social Sciences / Abant Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi is the property of Journal of Abant Social Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In order to achieve a competitive advantage, it is extremely important to identify the needs of consumers better than the competition and to define the criteria of value that consumers apply when evaluating alternatives. The analysis in this paper attempts to identify the needs that Coca-Cola meets based on product characteristics and other activities that are systematized according to Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. The existence of a whole range of possible needs has been identified. Namely, the needs are minimally classified in the category of physiological needs, which is surprising because the drink still serves to satisfy the basic need to quench thirst, and in most cases, they refer to the need for self-actualization. It is possible to conclude that carbonated beverages meet a whole set of consumer needs, not just one.

The durability and patient acceptability of prosthesis can be gauged by the capacity of visible light curing lab composite resins to maintain color stability through time and use. Consequently, this study's goal was to assess the color stability of three layering materials, incisal, dentin, and gingiva of SR Nexco lab composite, with exposure to coffee, Coca-Cola, and turmeric solution using a spectrophotometer. A total of 60 specimens (10 × 2 mm) of SR Nexco paste were prepared and were divided into three groups based on the layering material used. Five specimens of each group were immersed in staining solutions, namely, coffee, cola, and turmeric solution. Each group's last five specimens were submerged in distilled water (control). The incubator that housed the samples was set to 37 °C. The CIE L*a*b* method was used to quantify the color differences (E) of specimens using a spectrophotometer at baseline and after two weeks of immersion. Using ANOVA testing, the average color change for each specimen was examined. Tukey tests were used for post hoc comparisons. The calculated mean color difference (ΔE) for incisal ranges from 3.73 (distilled water) to 28.70 (turmeric). The mean color difference (ΔE) for dentin ranges from 2.66 (distilled water) to 41.19 (turmeric). The mean color difference (ΔE) for gingiva ranges from 1.72 (distilled water) to 23.88 (turmeric). The results are statistically significant. The maximum color difference is noted for dentin specimens, and turmeric stains all three layering materials to a maximum. The color stability of SR Nexco paste layering materials is significantly affected by the discoloring agents used. The comparison of color change between the three layering materials of SR Nexco paste (dentin, incisal, and gingiva) is statistically not significant. Turmeric solution exhibits more discoloration followed by cola and coffee solution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article considers how system knowledge from a production point of view can interact with international law in such ways as to uphold the international principle of free, prior informed consent (FPIC). Although some categories, such as designers, are used to thinking through production systems when they create goods, the question of how the people inside and outside these systems are affected is often overlooked. That is the point when international human rights research can come to support a field that otherwise can seem quite large in scope. Specifically, the case study presented here analyzes how the production of the Coca Cola beverage interacts with indigenous peoples1 through the lens of the internationally recognized principle of FPIC. The analysis indicates that the FPIC framework can be the starting point to evaluate touch points between current production systems and society at large and provide practical ways for people from different disciplines and backgrounds to create a discourse around it. Ultimately, this would benefit indigenous peoples and human rights defenders to understand whom to engage with at the negotiation table while also exploring ways to strengthen the communication from an activist and a public opinion point of view. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Despite the development of many denture base material like chrome-cobalt, fluid and plastic material but the heat cure polymethylmethacrylate considered as the most widely used denture base material. The aims of this study to evaluate and compare the impact strength and surface roughness of heat cured denture base resin after immersing in coca-cola drink for two and four weeks. Methods: A total number of 40 samples were prepared, 30 samples for impact strength test and 10 samples for surface roughness test. The samples were divided into three group; A (control), B (2 weeks immersed in coca cola drink), and C (4 weeks immersed in coca cola drink). Result: Data analyzed by using SPSS software with ANOVA test indicated a non significant differences between the different tested groups, however the samples that were immersed in coca cola drink for 4 weeks revealed non dramatic increase in surface roughness, while the samples that were immersed for 2 weeks showed a non dramatic decrease in the impact strength. Conclusions: The coca cola drink non significantly caused dropping in the tested properties in comparison to the control group.

No abstract available. Article truncated after 150 words. Introduction: Esophageal food impactions are common occurrences in gastroenterology, however, under 20% of cases require intervention (1) .The clinical condition of the esophagus and the consistency of food being swallowed contribute to the development of food bolus impactions, with patients having underlying esophageal pathology in most cases (2). Unfortunately, radiographic evidence is often difficult to obtain as food is radiolucent and poorly visualized on radiograph. Here, we demonstrate the risk associated with severe food impaction. Case Presentation: An 86-year-old man with a past medical history of achalasia with laparoscopic Heller myotomy complicated by distal esophageal perforation, was admitted after presenting with complaints of chest pain and inability to tolerate a solid diet. Additionally, he suffered a 90-pound weight loss over 1 year. He was seen by speech therapy and provided with a dysphagia appropriate diet. Eight days into the patient stay, the family presented to the patient's bedside to assist …

Keywords: Coca-cola; hydrochlorothiazide; porphyria; pseudoporphyria; simvastatin EN Coca-cola hydrochlorothiazide porphyria pseudoporphyria simvastatin 604 607 4 11/17/22 20221101 NES 221101 CONFLICT OF INTEREST None. Differential diagnoses include PCT, as well as other less common porphyrias presenting with skin involvement. Physical examination showed multiple erosions on the back of the hands, and post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation and serohemorrhagic blisters on the right hand (Figure 1A). [Extracted from the article]

Orthodontic removable appliances made of transparent thermoplastic materials—aligners—are becoming increasingly popular in contemporary orthodontic practice. It is important for the clinician to fully understand the mechanical properties and behavior of the appliance used. Because of that, the aim of our study was to investigate the changes in aligner surface after immersion in Coca-Cola and orange juice. For surface evaluation, fractal analysis, texture analysis, and wetting angle measurement were performed. Statistically significant changes were found between some of the groups in the fractal dimension analysis. In texture analysis, all but one intergroup comparison showed statistically significant differences. For wetting angle assessment, statistically significant differences were found. These were, however, more numerous when assessing glycol droplets, rather than water droplets. Fractal dimension analysis confirmed a correlation between the intensity of changes in the aligner surface with immersion time in the liquids assessed. Texture analysis showed a high sensitivity to the changes in aligner surface. It failed, however, to reveal changes relative to immersion time. Wetting angle analysis revealed aligner surface degradation for Coca-Cola. It did not, however, prove the dependence of the intensity of this degradation as a function of time. Both Coca-Cola and orange juice can cause aligner surface degradation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of CIRCULO de Linguistica Aplicada a la Comunicacion is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

En el presente artículo se aborda la construcción de una comunidad discursiva desde la publicidad de Coca-Cola, así como las modificaciones en su discurso persuasivo durante la pandemia del COVID-19. Se analizan, en primer lugar, cinco anuncios emitidos durante la pandemia. Posteriormente, se delimitan los rasgos discursivos que comparten estas obras, que revelan la intensificación del discurso mítico, presente ya de manera moderada en campañas anteriores. Este hecho permite valorar cabalmente esta serie de anuncios a la luz de las teorías de Gilbert Durand. Desde el punto de vista formal, permite explicar los procesos de reelaboración que se operan sobre la memoria discursiva presente en este corpus, como los que se dan en la identificación de la marca con la felicidad. Desde el punto de vista referencial, propicia que sea contextualizada la presencia de símbolos culturalmente recurrentes, que, influidos por las circunstancias, se concretan en lo que denominamos Resilience Halo.

After World War II, along with the U.S. economic and military aid to foreign countries, its capitalism and mass consumerism gradually swept the world, forming the phenomenon of "Americanization." Coca-Cola's world-wide popularity was regarded as an important representative of the wave of American consumerism. With its exceptional taste, efficient production system, extensive advertising and promotions, and the American consumer culture it represents, Coca-Cola was often welcomed by the public everywhere it went and had created tremendous pressure on the local beverage industries. In order to compete with Coca-Cola in the beverage market, local beverage manufacturers likewise had to imitate Coca-Cola to innovate their production techniques and marketing methods. In 1968, Taiwan also opened up Coca-Cola to the local consumer market, and Taiwan's local beverage manufacturers began a fierce competition with foreign beverage manufacturers such as Coca-Cola and Pepsi-Cola. Focusing on the competition between Coca-Cola and Taiwanese local beverage manufacturers in the 1960s and 1970s, this article analyzes the reform strategies of local beverage manufacturers and the impacts they bore. This article argues that Taiwanese beverage manufacturers have been quite successful in the competition. However, the key to their success was not simply the improvement of production facilities or the imitation of marketing strategies, but also the search for beverages that fit the local consumer context and the establishment of a beverage culture different from that of Coca-Cola. The success of this strategy ensured the position of local manufacturers in the beverage market; further, it unintentionally contributed to the development of local food traditions. This research demonstrates that "Americanization" does not signify the continuous acceptance of American values, but rather conveys the possibilities of stimulating a localized culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper argues that the narrative of the independent Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina and of its capital city Sarajevo under siege (1992-1995) was built on the trope of Sarajevo's European, Western-oriented, cosmopolitan cultural identity, based on the image initially nurtured by Socialist Yugoslavia. In the new context of the implosion of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (1945 -1991) the siege of Sarajevo and the war in one of the Yugoslav republics, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Yugoslav socialism was replaced by the multi-ethnic and cosmopolitan character of the young Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina. I argue that the image of Sarajevo during the siege, as a by-product of foreign attention to the plight of the country and its citizens, was built on the pre-existing premises that promoted Socialist Yugoslavia as Western oriented and therefore progressive, in contrast to other communist countries beyond the Iron Curtain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

What is it with architects and their obsession with white, clean and neat architecture? The world is, after all, colourful and messy. Carolyn L Kane runs us through some of her recent research and analysis on light, colour, contemporary real and virtual urban aesthetics and their joyful animation, while exposing a problematic architectural history that has persisted for over a century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Dental ceramics are known for their natural appearance and their durable chemical and optical properties, and their uses mainly reflect their excellent aesthetic properties, biocompatibility and resistance to wear. In addition, dental ceramics are considered to be chemically inert restorative material with large differences in the chemical compositions and microstructures. Although ceramics exhibit excellent physical properties and biocompatibility, the oral environment presents a series of external factors that affect its physical and mechanical properties in its long term function. Aims and Objectives: The aim of this study is to compare and evaluate the surface roughness of 2 dental ceramics (Noritake® & IPS Emax ceram) before and after exposure to an aerated drink, a mouthwash and simulated vomit solution with distilled water. Materials and Methods: 128 ceramic discs were made, 16 for each of the 4 groups of 2 ceramics to be tested. It was fabricated in the form of discs of diameter 10 mm × 2 mm thickness. The test specimens were calibrated by grinding, using a medium grit diamond bur. Both the above specimens were divided into 4 groups of 16 each. They were then subjected to test solutions. Each specimen in a group was immersed in the following solutions: Coca-Cola, chlorhexidine mouthwash, simulated vomit solution and distilled water. Results: The results analyzed statistically using one way ANOVA (analysis of variance), paired t test and independent t test. Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, it was concluded that the surface roughness of the evaluated ceramics increased upon exposure to Coca-Cola, chlorhexidine mouthwash and simulated vomit solution. Simulated vomit solution caused the maximum change in surface roughness followed by coca cola and then chlorhexidine mouthwash. No changes were observed after immersion in distilled water. Noritake® showed slightly more resistance to change in surface profile when compared to IPS e.max.

The durability and patient acceptability of prosthesis can be gauged by the capacity of visible light curing lab composite resins to maintain color stability through time and use. Consequently, this study’s goal was to assess the color stability of three layering materials, incisal, dentin, and gingiva of SR Nexco lab composite, with exposure to coffee, Coca-Cola, and turmeric solution using a spectrophotometer. A total of 60 specimens (10 × 2 mm) of SR Nexco paste were prepared and were divided into three groups based on the layering material used. Five specimens of each group were immersed in staining solutions, namely, coffee, cola, and turmeric solution. Each group’s last five specimens were submerged in distilled water (control). The incubator that housed the samples was set to 37 °C. The CIE L*a*b* method was used to quantify the color differences (E) of specimens using a spectrophotometer at baseline and after two weeks of immersion. Using ANOVA testing, the average color change for each specimen was examined. Tukey tests were used for post hoc comparisons. The calculated mean color difference (ΔE) for incisal ranges from 3.73 (distilled water) to 28.70 (turmeric). The mean color difference (ΔE) for dentin ranges from 2.66 (distilled water) to 41.19 (turmeric). The mean color difference (ΔE) for gingiva ranges from 1.72 (distilled water) to 23.88 (turmeric). The results are statistically significant. The maximum color difference is noted for dentin specimens, and turmeric stains all three layering materials to a maximum. The color stability of SR Nexco paste layering materials is significantly affected by the discoloring agents used. The comparison of color change between the three layering materials of SR Nexco paste (dentin, incisal, and gingiva) is statistically not significant. Turmeric solution exhibits more discoloration followed by cola and coffee solution.

Orthodontic removable appliances made of transparent thermoplastic materials—aligners—are becoming increasingly popular in contemporary orthodontic practice. It is important for the clinician to fully understand the mechanical properties and behavior of the appliance used. Because of that, the aim of our study was to investigate the changes in aligner surface after immersion in Coca-Cola and orange juice. For surface evaluation, fractal analysis, texture analysis, and wetting angle measurement were performed. Statistically significant changes were found between some of the groups in the fractal dimension analysis. In texture analysis, all but one intergroup comparison showed statistically significant differences. For wetting angle assessment, statistically significant differences were found. These were, however, more numerous when assessing glycol droplets, rather than water droplets. Fractal dimension analysis confirmed a correlation between the intensity of changes in the aligner surface with immersion time in the liquids assessed. Texture analysis showed a high sensitivity to the changes in aligner surface. It failed, however, to reveal changes relative to immersion time. Wetting angle analysis revealed aligner surface degradation for Coca-Cola. It did not, however, prove the dependence of the intensity of this degradation as a function of time. Both Coca-Cola and orange juice can cause aligner surface degradation.

Liquid-phase exfoliation of few-layer graphene in Coca-Cola ® was performed by a kitchen blender for rapid preparation of strain/light/humidity sensitive ink. The advantages of Coca-Cola as an exfoliating medium have been identified from the low structural defect (I D /I G = 0.39) and, moderate carbon to oxygen ratio (C/O = 2.6) obtained by the resulting graphene. It is discovered that a deposition of graphene on photo paper allowed a facile fabrication of smart paper that is able to detect minor strain (0 – 2.0%) with GF of 18.7. Meanwhile, the multi-responsiveness of ink towards light/humidity had been validated from the 10 s response time after the exposure to stimulants with the maximum resulting curvature degree of 16° and 14° under light and humidity changes, respectively. Finally, it is shown that our actuator is able to vertically lift a load (545 mg) from its initial flat position upon irradiation of light (200 mW/cm2). [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the knowledge-practices used by rural activists to raise public concerns about the use of water and land resources by a Coca-Cola bottling plant in Uttar Pradesh, India, between 2004 and 2014. These knowledge-practices included the use of semiotics and carefully crafted discourses—such as slogans and protest songs—to produce knowledge about villagers' rights to rural subsistence and survival. An aim of this paper is to show the impressive ways in which the social movement persevered by building both public claims to a moral economy as well as village-level practices and institutions that helped to enact visions of what a moral economy could or should be. Of particular significance were activists' efforts to frame rural water extraction and water rights through a subsistence-focused morality of rural development. This moral economy underscores villager-articulated desires for beneficial forms of economic activity that support rural livelihoods rather than prioritising environmentally destructive corporate activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

G. Gerbner presented the theory of cultivation under the umbrella of his “cultural indicators” paradigm. G. Gerbner’s theory of Cultivation indicates that viewers who have immense exposure to media, particularly to television, grasp the social truths of the world the way they are broadcast on the screen and this activity influences the audiences’ attitudes and manners. Several scholars have exploited the cultivation theory to hypothesize about how media cultivates viewers’ perception of health risk, socio-political and cultural values. The bottom-line of cultivation theory is that the higher amount of time people exploit ‘living' in the television realm, the greater is the risk of their assuming the scenes being portrayed on the silver screen as truths rather social realities. Coca Cola can be well termed as one such brand that is internationally recognized and runs a worldwide marketing campaign. The proof for its success is that the brand is well known not because of the taste but for its strong advertising as well. This phenomenal brand promotion has inspired the researchers to investigate the factors, policies and strategies behind strong impact of Coke’s advertising campaign through the Cultivation Theory. The brand has also made the researchers focus on what content exactly the coke ads contain and how it is presented on screen. For the study, Coke’s advertisement in Pakistan was selected. For this mixed method study, a semi structured interview was held with the company manager in order to explore the first objective. The content of the message was analyzed by applying qualitative analysis. The data were analyzed by centering on the first two prongs of cultivation theory. The study revealed that the musical theme underlying the sense of festivity, merriment and celebration that had been promoted to elate the emotions meet the demand of Pakistan’s collectivistic culture and hence, has become success factor of coke’s consumerism and raised the impact as well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Facing us the relatively frequent tendency of many people – medical professionals or not – to administer Coca-Colatype carbonated beverages in the case of nausea-type gastric symptoms or vomiting in pediatric or adult patients, we have tried to investigate whether there is a scientific basis for this practice. The phosphoric acid present in this beverage is found in over the counter products (OTC), recommended in the case of nausea and vomiting. On the other hand, the medical literature cites studies in which this type of beverage has been used in the treatment of gastric or intestinal bezoars, fecalomas or even in some cases of gastric reflux or gastroparesis. One of the studies analyzed reveals the antibacterial effect of this type of beverage, on bacteria such as Bacillus cereus, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Escherichia coli O:157 H:7, Salmonella enteritidis, Yersinia enterocolitica. We expect more studies to be carried out on the anti-emetic and antimicrobial therapeutic efficacy of this drink and to balance the positive versus negative effects in its use in children.

În faţa tendinţei relativ frecvente a multor persoane – cadre medicale sau nu – de a administra băuturi carbogazoase de tipul Coca-Cola în cazul unor simptome gastrice de tip greaţă sau vărsături la pacienţii pediatrici sau adulţi, am încercat să cercetăm dacă există un fundament ştiinţific la baza acestei practici. Acidul fosforic prezent în această băutură este regăsit în produse care se pot elibera fără prescripţie medicală (OTC), recomandate în stări de greaţă şi vărsături. Pe de altă parte, literatura medicală citează studii în care s-a apelat la acest tip de băuturi în tratarea unor bezoari gastrici sau intestinali, fecaloame sau chiar în unele situaţii de reflux gastric sau gastropareză. Unul dintre studiile analizate relevă efectul antibacterian al acestui tip de băutură pe bacterii precum Bacillus cereus, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Escherichia coli O:157 H:7, Salmonella enteritidis, Yersinia enterocolitica. Aşteptăm efectuarea mai multor studii privind eficacitatea terapeutică antiemetică şi antimicrobiană a acestei băuturi şi punerea în balanţă a efectelor pozitive versus cele negative în utilizarea sa la copii.

Context: Industry influence on health science and policy is a critical issue of our day. In 2015 the New York Times revealed that Coca-Cola paid scientists to form a Global Energy Balance Network promoting the notion that exercise, not dietary restraint, is the solution to the obesity epidemic-a claim few accept. This article examines the organizational dynamics and policy process behind Coke's efforts to sway obesity policy-globally and in China. a critical market-during 1995-2015. Methods: In-depth, qualitative research during 2013-18 involved 10 weeks of fieldwork in Beijing, interviews with 25 leading experts, analysis of newsletters documenting all major obesityrelated activities in China, interviews with 10 Euro-American experts. and extensive internet research on all major actors. Findings: This article tells two intertwined stories (institutional dynamics, science making and policy making) at global and local-Chinese levels. Coke succeeded in redirecting China's obesity science and policy to emphasize physical activity. Key to its success was the industry-funded global nonprofit International Life Sciences Institute (ILSI). Beneath ILSI's public narrative of unbiased science and no policy advocacy lay a maze of hidden channels companies used to advance their interests. Working through those channels, Coca-Cola influenced China's science making and policy making during every phase in the policy process, from framing the issues to drafting official policy. Conclusions: Though China is exceptional, ILSI promoted exercise globally, suggesting potentially significant impacts in other ILSI-branch countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, I will focus on a specific product that has been present in universal exhibitions since the 1930s: Coca-Cola. I will address the evolution of promotional narratives associated with the brand by examining the Coca-Cola exhibits in the world's fairs from 1933 to 2015. The case of Coca-Cola is itself interesting insofar as it illustrates a number of tendencies since the mid-twentieth century in both the form and content of brand narratives. I will show how these narratives exemplify different versions of "the global" by highlighting industrial production in the 1930's, international distribution and consumption in Brussels 1958 and New York 1964/65, and sustainable development as well as individual consumer experience in Shanghai 2010 and Milan 2015. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Covid-19 has become a major issue of academic and social discourses. Lives, livelihoods, communities and businesses have been seriously disrupted by its dramatic spread across the globe. Statistics reveal that 55 countries are affected in Africa and South Africa is the most affected with 1.55million out of 4.32million cases in Africa, as at April 8, 2021. The pandemic has prompted a number of responses from governments, individuals, business organisations and Non-governmental Organisations (NGOs) to inventive and reduce the impact on public health and economic challenges. Although some of these were taken as part of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) activities, their contributions appeared to go beyond their traditional CSR efforts. This paper seeks to establish the extent of Coca-Cola and Mobile Telephone Network’s (MTN) responses to the challenges of the pandemic in Nigeria and South Africa. Data used were extracted from grey literature and online search to examine the two companies’ corporate social responsibility in health emergency situations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We study the cost of breaching an implicit contract in a goods market. Young and Levy (2014) document an implicit contract between the Coca‐Cola Company and its consumers. This implicit contract included a promise of constant quality. We offer two types of evidence of the costs of breach. First, we document a case in 1930 when the Coca‐Cola Company chose to avoid quality adjustment by incurring a permanently higher marginal cost of production, instead of a one‐time increase in the fixed cost. Second, we explore the consequences of the company's 1985 introduction of "New Coke" to replace the original beverage. Using the Hirschman's (1970) model of Exit, Voice, and Loyalty, we argue that the public outcry that followed New Coke's introduction was a response to the implicit contract breach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]