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Women with schizophrenia show sex-specific health needs that differ according to stage of life. The aim of this narrative review is to resolve important questions concerning the treatment of women with schizophrenia at different periods of their life—paying special attention to reproductive and post-reproductive stages. Review results suggest that menstrual cycle-dependent treatments may be a useful option for many women and that recommendations re contraceptive options need always to be part of care provision. The pregnancy and the postpartum periods—while constituting vulnerable time periods for the mother—require special attention to antipsychotic effects on the fetus and neonate. Menopause and aging are further vulnerable times, with extra challenges posed by associated health risks. Pregnancy complications, neurodevelopmental difficulties of offspring, cancer risk and cognitive defects are indirect results of the interplay of hormones and antipsychotic treatment of women over the course of the lifespan. The literature recommends that health promotion strategies need to be directed at lifestyle modifications, prevention of medical comorbidities and increased psychosocial support. Careful monitoring of pharmacological treatment has been shown to be critical during periods of hormonal transition. Not only does treatment of women with schizophrenia often need to be different than that of their male peers, but it also needs to vary over the course of life.

Resumen: Objetivo: Analizar la satisfacción sexual percibida, las disfunciones sexuales, la satisfacción con las relaciones afectivas, la confianza y la comunicación con la pareja actual, en función del antecedente de abuso sexual en la infancia y la adolescencia, y el tipo padecido, en mujeres atendidas dentro del Programa de Atención a la Salud Sexual y Reproductiva de Catalunya (PASSIR). Método: Estudio multicéntrico, descriptivo y transversal. Participaron 1013 mujeres mayores de 18 años, atendidas en visita psicológica en los 24 Centros del PASSIR. Se utilizó un cuestionario estructurado autoadministrado y anónimo adaptado del Cuestionario de abuso sexual en la infancia y adolescencia de Wyatt (1985) y Dubé et al. (2005), y el Female Sexual Function Index de Rosen (2000). Análisis estadístico descriptivo, bivariado y multivariado. Resultados: Todas las disfunciones sexuales resultaron significativamente más frecuentes en las mujeres que padecieron abuso sexual en la infancia y la adolescencia, y la satisfacción sexual percibida fue menor. Las situaciones de abuso sexual con intento de penetración o penetración se asociaron a más dificultades de excitación y mayor rechazo. Las mujeres que sufrieron abuso sexual en la infancia y la adolescencia manifestaron menos confianza y más dificultades de comunicación con la pareja. Conclusiones: Es necesario identificar un posible abuso sexual en la infancia y la adolescencia en las mujeres que consultan por problemas con sus parejas, y continuar investigando sobre factores protectores e intervenciones terapéuticas tendentes a paliar las consecuencias de dicho abuso al llegar a la vida adulta. Abstract: Objective: To analyse perceived sexual satisfaction, sexual dysfunction, satisfaction with affective relationships and confidence and communication in existing relationships, related to a past history of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) and type suffered, among women treated as part of the Catalonian Sexual and Reproductive Health Care Programme (PASSIR). Method: Multicentric, descriptive, cross-sectional study. A total of 1,013 women over the age of 18 years, who underwent psychological therapy at any of the 24 PASSIR centres, were enrolled. A structured, anonymised, self-administered Sex History Questionnaire adapted from Wyatt (1985) & Dubé et al. (2005), and the Female Sexual Function Index (Rosen, 2000), were used. Statistical analysis was descriptive, bivariate and multivariate. Results: Women who suffered childhood sexual abuse had a significantly higher prevalence of sexual dysfunction, with lower perceived sexual satisfaction. CSA with penetration or attempted penetration was associated with greater arousal difficulties and greater rejection. Women who experienced CSA were less confident and experienced greater communication difficulties with their partner. Conclusions: It is necessary to identify potential childhood sexual abuse among women who seek therapy due to relationship problems. It is also necessary to continue research into protective factors and therapeutic interventions to alleviate the consequences of CSA in adult life. Palabras clave: Abuso sexual infantil, Disfunciones sexuales psicológicas, Relaciones familiares, Servicios de salud reproductiva, Atención primaria de salud, Keywords: Childhood sexual abuse, Psychological sexual dysfunctions, Family relationships, Reproductive health services, Primary healthcare

Our work show a typical scientific relatioship in the last years of the XVIIthn century, inside the renovation movement in the science and medicine of these years. The actors of these relationship were the hispanic-italian doctor-surgeon Giovanni Battista Giovannini (or, in spanish, «Juan Bautista Juanini», Milan 1636 - Madrid 1691) and the catalan doctor and university lecturer Joan d'Alòs i Serradora (Moià 1617 - Barcelona 1695). Both live and work in these years intelectually close and became part of the european scientific movement called usually «the Moderns» group, or, in our countries, called «Novatores». Both are friends and developed a personal and scientifc relationship for years. The article show the epistolar manifestation of these relationship and the possible implications for the science and the medicine of the era in Spain and Catalonia

Aquesta tesi doctoral incideix en els principals aspectes de la biografia del cirurgià hispanoitalià Juan Bautista Juanini (1636-1691), personatge clau de la medicina i de la cirurgia en la Cort espanyola de Carlos II. En aquest context històric, un grup de metges i científics espanyols i hispanoitalians es van plantejar una renovació completa dels pressupostos de la ciència, de la medicina i de la concepció de l'univers, d'acord amb els pressupostos de la Revolució Científica que s'estenia per tota Europa. Esta tesis doctoral incide en los principales aspectos de la biografía del cirujano hispano-italiano Juan Bautista Juanini (1636-1691), personaje clave de la medicina y la cirugía en la corte española de Carlos II. En este contexto histórico, un grupo de médicos y científicos españoles e hispano-italianos se plantearon una renovación completa de los presupuestos de la ciencia, la medicina y la concepción del universo, de acuerdo con los presupuestos de la Revolución Científica que se extendía por toda Europa.