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In 1908, George Coats published a paper about a rare form of outer retinopathy with massive exudation. Until today, the causes of the Coats’ disease (CD) has not been revealed and there is no generally accepted model of its pathogenesis. It was hypothesized that the condition could be caused by an infectious process or an inflammatory reaction, but there is no consensus about that. Genetic determinants of CD have not been identified, either. A histological examination of CD revealed “cholesterol fissures”, subretinal exudate, massive gliosis, retinal disorganization, vasodilation and hyalinization, diffuse thickening of retinal capillaries and areas of complete absence of pericytes and vascular endothelium, as well as inflammatory infiltrates. The main component of subretinal exudate is intense cell reaction of the macrophages. A study of the cytokine profile showed an increased concentration of VEGF in the subretinal fluid, the level of IL-6 was significantly higher in adult patients and correlated with the degree of exudative retinal detachment. In the eye fundus of CD patients, vascular telangiectasias followed by exudate deposition in these areas have been revealed. Complications of CD include vasoproliferative tumors, neovascular glaucoma, intraretinal and intraocular hemorrhages, vitreous fibrosis, traction retinal detachment, anterior chamber cholesterolosis. CD treatment includes laser coagulation, cryotherapy, intravitreal administration of glucocorticosteroids and angiogenesis inhibitors. In severe forms and advanced stages of CD, vitreoretinal surgery is resorted to. Enucleation may be necessary in some cases.

This study investigates the role of women's coats as active participants in various resistance movements across Central and Eastern Europe from 1935 to 1953, employing a posthumanist framework to reexamine issues of subjectivity. By integrating theories of material culture and new materialism, the research moves beyond traditional anthropocentric views to highlight the dynamic intra-actions between women and their coats within a resistance context. This approach demonstrates that the garments were not merely passive symbols of defiance but multifaceted tools that provided physical protection, facilitated the covert transmission of messages and materials and reinforced the wearers' resolve and solidarity. Through historical analyses, personal testimonies and cultural artifacts, this study demonstrates how coats functioned as co-agents in resistance activities, both shaping and being shaped by the social, cultural, and political landscapes of the time. The study underscores the importance of recognizing the agency of material objects in historical narratives, offering a nuanced understanding of women's resistance activities and the broader implications for posthumanist thinking on identity and subjectivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To describe the largest, most phenotypically and genetically diverse cohort of patients with inherited retinal disease (IRD)-related Coats-like vasculopathy (CLV). Multicenter retrospective cohort study. A total of 67 patients with IRD-related CLV. Review of clinical notes, ophthalmic imaging, and molecular diagnosis from 2 international centers. Visual function, retinal imaging, management, and response to treatment were evaluated and correlated. The prevalence of IRD-related CLV was 0.5%; 54% of patients had isolated retinitis pigmentosa (RP), 21% had early-onset severe retinal dystrophy, and less frequent presentations were syndromic RP, sector RP, cone-rod dystrophy, achromatopsia, PAX6 -related dystrophy, and X-linked retinoschisis. The overall age of patients at CLV diagnosis was 30.7 ± 16.9 years (1–83). Twenty-one patients (31%) had unilateral CLV, and the most common retinal features were telangiectasia, exudates, and exudative retinal detachment (ERD) affecting the inferior and temporal retina. Macular edema/schisis was observed in 26% of the eyes, and ERD was observed in 63% of the eyes. Fifty-four patients (81%) had genetic testing, 40 of whom were molecularly solved. Sixty-six eyes (58%) were observed, 17 eyes (15%) were treated with a single modality, and 30 eyes (27%) had a combined approach. Thirty-five eyes (31%) were "good responders," 42 eyes (37%) were "poor responders," 22 eyes (19%) had low vision at baseline and were only observed, and 12 eyes (11%) did not have longitudinal assessment. Twenty-one observed eyes (62%) responded well versus 14 (33%) treated eyes. Final best-corrected visual acuity was significantly worse than baseline (P = 0.002); 40 patients (60%) lost 15 ETDRS letters or more over follow-up in 1 or both eyes, and 21 patients (31%) progressed to more advanced stages of visual impairment. Inherited retinal disease–related CLV is rare, sporadic, and mostly bilateral; there is no gender predominance, and it can occur in diverse types of IRD at any point of the disease, with a mean onset in the fourth decade of life. Patients with IRD-related CLV who have decreased initial visual acuity, ERD, CLV changes affecting 2 or more retinal quadrants, and CRB1 - retinopathy may be at higher risk of a poor prognosis. Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found in the Footnotes and Disclosures at the end of this article. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the current study, the antibacterial and antioxidant effects of three formulated alginatebased edible coats on refrigerated beef were investigated. The formulated coats included 2 organic acids (OAs) based (T1 and T2) and one nisin-OAs based (T3). Control and coated beef slices were sampled immediately (zero time) and then periodically for 15 days of storage at 1C. The antibacterial effects of coating were assessed by aerobic plate count (APC), Enterobacteriaceae and coliforms count. Peroxide value (POV) and catalase (CAT) activity were applied as indexes of oxidation. Moreover, the cupper sulphate test and pH were used as freshness indexes. The coats appeared efficient antibacterials. By coating, APC didn't exceed 6 log cfu/g 15 for days of storage with OAs-based coats more significant. T1 and T2 were more effective against enteric bacteria where the load of Enterobacteriaceae and coliforms were reduced to undetectable levels for 15 days. The coats also successfully functioned as antioxidants. POV of coated slices significantly reduced where their values were 2.27, 1.87, 2.27 and 2.20 (meq/kg) for control, T1, T2 and T3, respectively after 15 days of storage. Nisin-OAs-based coats appeared the most antioxidant defense mechanism in stored beef where CAT levels were 0.005, 0.010, 0.007 and 0.044 U/g for control, T1, T2 and T3, respectively at end of 15 days of storage. According to freshness indexes, coated slices continued fresh for at least 3 days in excess to control with nisin-OAs coating the most effective. The obtained data indicate that studied coats can be effectively applied to improve the marketability of beef and preserve its quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To describe the evolution of a case of adult-onset Coats disease and the results of treatment with intravitreal ranibizumab and laser photocoagulation. Methods: Observational case report. Case report: A 17-year-old girl presented with vision loss in her right eye (20/50) showing aneurysmatic and abnormal telangiectatic vessels associated with profuse lipid exudation and serous retinal detachment within the temporal posterior pole. The diagnosis of Coats disease was established and therapy with intravitreal injections of ranibizumab and photocoagulation was initiated achieving control of the exudative manifestations leading to restoration of visual acuity (20/20). Conclusion: Treatment with antiangiogenic agents before laser photocoagulation may be useful for treatment of adult-onset Coats disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Animal fur garments have historically served as a status symbol. However, the fur fashion market has recently undergone two noteworthy transformations. Firstly, the anti-fur consumption movements have heavily stigmatized wearing fur for fashion. Secondly, due to technological advancements, fake alternatives made from synthetic fibers, referred to as faux fur, can be now made to look authentic. Through a survey, this study examined the effects of growing stigma around wearing fur on consumer behaviors. It investigated the moderating effects of perceived stigma on the relationship between the need for status and purchase intentions toward genuine fur coats as well as faux fur coats that look real. Two-hundred and twenty usable data were collected from 353 female participants recruited from an online panel. Results revealed that status-seeking consumers had higher purchase intentions toward both genuine fur coats and faux fur alternatives that look real. The moderating effects of perceived stigma were found only for genuine fur coats, indicating that perceived stigma can hurt the demand for genuine fur coats, but not necessarily for faux fur coats that look real. By incorporating stigma theory, this study goes beyond previous focus on the determinants of status consumption by demonstrating the transformation of a status symbol through perceived stigma's effects on consumer purchasing decisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Buffy coat (BC) platelets (PLTs) have been used globally for many years. In 2004 Canadian Blood Services (CBS) made the decision to transition from PLT‐rich plasma (PRP) to BC PLTs. We reviewed the benefits and manufacture process of BC and the implementation challenges involved. Study Design and Methods: A literature review was performed in the following areas: BC efficacy, donor population shifts, production and good stewardship of PLTs, logistic considerations with overnight holds, advantages of the overnight hold, the CBS experience, licensure and standards, and changes needed to produce BC PLTs in the United States. The aim was to analyze current practice and identify possible actions for blood centers and hospitals. Results: Implementation of BC would offer an additional source of PLTs to address the growing elderly population and the declining apheresis donor base. Substantial logistic, operational, and financial benefits were seen when CBS transitioned to BC with overnight hold. Conclusions: Buffy coat blood products are widely used throughout the world. Recent conversion from PRP to BC by CBS showed that conversion can be accomplished with planning, communication, and partnership from all stakeholders. In conclusion, BC PLTs are worth serious consideration in the United States, but regulatory barriers in the United States will need to be addressed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Assembly of the Bacillus subtilis spore coat involves over 80 proteins which self‐organize into a basal layer, a lamellar inner coat, a striated electrodense outer coat and a more external crust. CotB is an abundant component of the outer coat. The C‐terminal moiety of CotB, SKRB, formed by serine‐rich repeats, is polyphosphorylated by the Ser/Thr kinase CotH. We show that another coat protein, CotG, with a central serine‐repeat region, SKRG, interacts with the C‐terminal moiety of CotB and promotes its phosphorylation by CotH in vivo and in a heterologous system. CotG itself is phosphorylated by CotH but phosphorylation is enhanced in the absence of CotB. Spores of a strain producing an inactive form of CotH, like those formed by a cotG deletion mutant, lack the pattern of electrondense outer coat striations, but retain the crust. In contrast, deletion of the SKRB region, has no major impact on outer coat structure. Thus, phosphorylation of CotG by CotH is a key factor establishing the structure of the outer coat. The presence of the cotB/cotH/cotG cluster in several species closely related to B. subtilis hints at the importance of this protein phosphorylation module in the morphogenesis of the spore surface layers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Demonstration of near-infrared permeability of QDs coatings as an interesting feature for the urban overheating application. • Combining near-infrared reflection and fluorescent cooling techniques to improve cooling potential of QDs coating. • Estimating the combined cooling potential of near-infrared reflection and fluorescent cooling methods. Application of highly absorptive construction materials is proved to be one of leading causes of urban overheating in big cities. To avoid the excessive heat by the conventional construction materials, several advanced heat-rejecting coating technologies were developed during the last decades. The main idea behind heat-rejecting coatings is to have colder coatings with the same appearance and colour of conventional coatings. One of the existing technologies for heat-rejecting coatings are advanced coatings with high solar reflection in the infrared range or so-called cool coatings. Recently, re-emission of the visible-range light by nano-scale semiconductors, known as Quantum Dots (QDs), were introduced as another effective heat-rejecting technology. In this paper, we showed that QDs also demonstrate a very high solar transmission in the near-infrared range, and therefore, a highly near-infrared reflective base layer can significantly improve their cooling potential. The high transmission value in the near-infrared range is due to the low absorption coefficient in the wavelengths longer than absorption edge wavelength (i.e. the wavelength corresponding to the bandgap energy) in semiconductors. We show that surface temperature reduction potential of CdSe/ZnS QDs film through fluorescent cooling is about 2.5 °C, which could be increased by another 8.1 °C with a highly near-infrared reflective base layer in a typical sunny day. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Protein secretion is initiated at the endoplasmic reticulum by the COPII coat, which self-assembles to form vesicles. Here, we examine the mechanisms by which a cargo-bound inner coat layer recruits and is organized by an outer scaffolding layer to drive local assembly of a stable structure rigid enough to enforce membrane curvature. An intrinsically disordered region in the outer coat protein, Sec31, drives binding with an inner coat layer via multiple distinct interfaces, including a newly defined charge-based interaction. These interfaces combinatorially reinforce each other, suggesting coat oligomerization is driven by the cumulative effects of multivalent interactions. The Sec31 disordered region could be replaced by evolutionarily distant sequences, suggesting plasticity in the binding interfaces. Such a multimodal assembly platform provides an explanation for how cells build a powerful yet transient scaffold to direct vesicle traffic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The transient contamination of medical professional's attires including white coats is one of the major vehicles for the horizontal transmission of microorganisms in the hospital environment. This study was carried out to determine the degree of contamination by bacterial agents on the white coats in a tertiary care hospital in Nepal. Sterilized uniforms with fabric patches of 10 cm × 15 cm size attached to the right and left pockets were distributed to 12 nurses of six different wards of a teaching hospital at the beginning of their work shift. Worn coats were collected at the end of the shifts and the patches were subjected for total bacterial count and identification of selected bacterial pathogens, as prioritized by the World Health Organization (WHO). Fifty percent of the sampled swatches were found to be contaminated by pathogenic bacteria. The average colony growth per square inch of the patch was 524 and 857 during first and second workdays, respectively, indicating an increase of 63.6% in colony counts. The pathogens detected on patches were Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Acinetobacter sp. Additional bacteria identified included Bacillus sp., Micrococcus sp., and coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS). The nurses working in the maternity department had their white coats highly contaminated with bacteria. On the other hand, the least bacterial contamination was recorded from the nurses of the surgery ward. One S. aureus isolate from the maternity ward was resistant to methicillin. This study showed that pathogens belonging to the WHO list of critical priority and high priority have been isolated from white coats of nurses, thus posing the risk of transmission to patients. White coats must be worn, maintained, and washed properly to reduce bacterial contamination load and to prevent cross-contamination of potential superbugs. The practice of wearing white coats outside the healthcare zone should be strictly discouraged. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Embryos of oviparous chondrichthyans develop within a structurally complex tertiary egg envelope known as the egg‐case, which is provisioned with a secondary egg coat known as the egg‐jelly. Whereas the former has been studied in detail, relatively little attention has been paid to the latter. This study examined the production and composition of egg‐jelly in the small‐spotted catshark Scyliorhinus canicula (Linnaeus, 1758) and determined that it is a mucin hydrogel. The role of the egg‐jelly appears to be one of simple, physical support for the developing embryo, as it was not found to possess bactericidal properties, nor did its constituents suggest a nutritive role. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A large and growing body of literature has focused on the association between "white coat hypertension" (WCH) and the underlying target organ damage. The evidence suggests that WCH is may not an entirely benign phenomenon. However, whether patients with WCH should receive antihypertensive drugs is unresolved. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis to fully determine the ability of WCH to alter cardiovascular structure and to determine whether patients with WCH could benefit from drug intervention. Medline, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library were searched from inception through 21 Oct 2019. A total of 25 studies (8,100 individuals) were included. In participants with WCH, values of aortic pulse wave velocity, augmentation index, intima–media thickness, interventricular septum thickness, left ventricular posterior wall thickness, and left ventricular mass index were lower than those with sustained hypertension, but greater than those in the normotensive group. Of note, antihypertensive drug therapy did not reduce the risk of cardiovascular events in patients with WCH. WCH is accompanied by alterations of cardiovascular structure; however, the benefits from antihypertensive therapy are limited. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Salt weathering is one of the main damaging factors that affects old renders, much owed to their particular characteristics and to the diversity of salt sources available. Salt tests are usually used to experimentally study this topic. They enable to predict the susceptibility of repair or replacement materials and, hence, to improve the durability of interventions. This paper proposes an artificial ageing protocol that provides specimens suitable either to assess the susceptibility of a given mortar to salt damage as well as to simulate old mortars to be used in further experiments. A second aim of this paper is to analyse the artificial ageing caused by this protocol on a set of lime-based mortars with the characteristics of those usually found in the topcoats and undercoats of old renders. It was found that the water transport behaviour and the salt distribution patterns are markedly distinct in topcoat and undercoat mortars, with significant impact on their salt crystallization resistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

My article analyses Neamat Imam's The Black Coat (2013) as an exemplificative case study of the Bangladeshi postmillennial literary scene. I contend that, whereas Bangladeshi literature has seen the emergence of prominent diasporic voices by opening to the market of the English language, Imam can be said to draw on a traditional realistic style as his debut novel chronicles a tragic moment in Bangladeshi post-Independence history. In this regard, my essay takes it as a working hypothesis that Imam's narrative conveys a critical revision of postcolonial Bangladesh and it does so by intertwining realism and dystopia. On the one hand, the novel privileges a dystopian aesthetic that engages with the catastrophes of the present, thus echoing the colonial past and foreshadowing an unpromising future. On the other hand, The Black Coat resists the hallucinatory effects of dystopia owing to the realist mode the narrative hinges around. My essay aims to show how nationalism still represents a trend in contemporary Anglophone literature and how, in certain respects, Imam's novel denounces fundamental contradictions that are still current in Bangladesh in the age of globalisation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coat colour is one of the most important economic traits of sheep and is mainly used for breed identification and characterization. This trait is determined by the biochemical function, availability and distribution of phaeomelanin and eumelanin pigments. In our study, we conducted a genome-wide association study to identify candidate genes and genetic variants associated with coat colour in 75 Chinese Tan sheep using the ovine 600K SNP BeadChip. Accordingly, we identified two significant SNPs (rs409651063 at 14.232 Mb and rs408511664 at 14.228 Mb) associated with coat colour in the MC1R gene on chromosome 14 with −log10(P) = 2.47E-14 and 1.00E-13, respectively. The consequence of rs409651063 was a missense variant (g.14231948 G>A) that caused an amino acid change (Asp105Asn); however, the second SNP (rs408511664) was a synonymous substitution and is an upstream variant (g.14228343G>A). Moreover, our PCR analysis revealed that the genotype of white sheep was exclusively homozygous (GG), whereas the genotypes of black-head sheep were mainly heterozygous (GA). Interestingly, allele-specific expression analysis (using the missense variant for the skin cDNA samples from black-head sheep) revealed that only the G allele was expressed in the skin covered with white hair, while both the G and A alleles were expressed in the skin covered with black hair. This finding indicated that the missense mutation that we identified is probably responsible for white coat colour in Tan sheep. Furthermore, qPCR analysis of MC1R mRNA level in the skin samples was significantly higher in black-head than white sheep and very significantly higher in GA than GG individuals. Taken together, these results help to elucidate the genetic mechanism underlying coat colour variation in Chinese indigenous sheep. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Radar and sonar technologies are generally used to detect objects in air space and water. In some cases, both technologies are involved in probing waterborne objects like submarines. However, the simultaneous stealth regarding these two detection methods is not well explored due to the difficulty in satisfying material properties for two different physical systems. In this work, an artificial ultrathin amphibious stealth coat with a minimum thickness less than 0.5 mm achieving free‐space microwave and underwater acoustic absorption is proposed and demonstrated. It is realized by combining an electromagnetic metasurface and an acoustic metasurface—a flexible printed circuit with multisized metal resonators and a polydimethylsiloxane film with multisized air cavities. These two alien metasurfaces are engineered with minimized disturbance to each other by controlling the thicknesses of the resonators as thin as possible. A free‐space microwave absorptivity over 80% in the 12.38–13.7 GHz region and an underwater acoustic reflectance less than 10% in the 80–160 kHz region are obtained experimentally. The current work may shed light on advanced stealth technologies of the free‐space microwaves and underwater acoustic waves. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Among a cohort of men who have sex with men in a pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) adherence trial, syphilis requiring treatment was associated with white coat dosing (increased PrEP adherence immediately preceding study visits) when compared with participants with optimal drug concentrations. The findings highlight the need for identifying and reducing barriers to PrEP adherence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is widely recognized that after endocytosis, internalized cargo is delivered to endosomes that act as sorting stations. The limiting membrane of endosomes contain specialized subregions, or microdomains, that represent distinct functions of the endosome, including regions competing for cargo capture leading to degradation or recycling. Great progress has been made in defining the endosomal protein coats that sort cargo in these domains, including Retromer that recycles transmembrane cargo, and ESCRT (endosomal sorting complex required for transport) that degrades transmembrane cargo. In this review, we discuss recent work that is beginning to unravel how such coat complexes contribute to the creation and maintenance of endosomal microdomains. We highlight data that indicates that adjacent microdomains do not act independently but rather interact to cross-regulate. We posit that these interactions provide an agile means for the cell to adjust sorting in response to extracellular signals and intracellular metabolic cues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To mitigate the interface energies of block copolymers with high interaction parameters, a topcoat strategy has been experimentally proposed to produce perpendicular oriented domains on a length scale of sub‐10 nm. However, the origin of perpendicular oriented domains and the effect of topcoats on the self‐assembled nanostructures remain to be uncovered. Herein, we use the dynamic self‐consistent field theory to explore the self‐assembly behaviors of symmetric block copolymer films under homopolymer topcoats. It is clearly demonstrated that the introduction of homopolymer topcoats enables a wide formation range of perpendicular oriented lamellae, originating from the fluctuating diblock copolymer/homopolymer interfaces in the process of in‐plane microphase separation of block copolymer films. Our simulation results also demonstrate that the formation range of perpendicular oriented lamellae can be tuned by changing the wetting properties of homopolymer topcoats and the thickness of block copolymer films, but is weakly dependent upon the chain length of homopolymers. Our theoretical findings have wide implications for understanding the formation of perpendicular oriented domains of block copolymer films, which are important for the rational design of self‐assembled nanostructures with new horizons for block copolymer lithography. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The authors have developed a process to create wrap‐around electrodes (WAE) on glass for use in tiled microLED display applications. The electrodes have small size and spacing, low resistance, and good reliability. In addition, an opaque overcoat protects the edges of the tiles and reduces seam visibility. These electrodes allow bezel free tiled operation for high resolution displays. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study advances theory on professionals by introducing a novel 'coalface perspective' to study frontline professionals' standardizing work. Our multimethod quantitative and qualitative approach explores when, why and how medical professionals in German university hospitals actively maintain care pathway enactment – a technique to standardize day-to-day medical work – in their everyday patient treatment. Professionals' actively standardizing their work is an understudied yet highly relevant phenomenon that the established 'autonomy perspective' – which covers how professionals resist standardization – falls short of explaining. Introducing a coalface perspective overcomes this shortcoming by uncovering novel links between professionals' day-to-day problem-driven motivations for standardizing work, the characteristics of everyday situations of frontline professional work and practices of standardizing work at the frontline. This study has implications for research on frontline professionals and coalface-perspective research in general. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sesamum indicum is one of the most important ancient oil crops in the world. In fact, this plant, in particular its seeds, is used for food, medicinal and industrial purposes. This article provides an evaluation of the biochemical composition, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of dehulled sesame seeds Sesamum indicum and its coat fraction. Results analysis of our investigation showed that the level of total fatty oil, total protein and total sugars were present with 47.27%, 18.84% and 2.18% respectively. However; these compounds were significantly decreased in the coat fraction. On the contrary, the mineral content can be five times higher in the coat fraction, especially for calcium with a value of 831.11mg/100g, compared to dehulled seeds. Quantity of total phenolic and flavonoids were highest in the hydro-methanolic extract of seeds coat with 3.05±0.08mg GAE/g and 0.99±0.02 mg QE/g respectively. The same extract exhibited antinflammatory activity and antioxidant power, demonstrated by significantly decreasing in inflammation induced by carrageen in rats (85.56%), significant antioxidant activity (DPPH) (IC50: 2.12 mg/ml) and highest total antioxidant activity (95.5Îg/ml). This study suggests that seeds coat of sesamum indicum contain interesting phytochemical potential and significant biological activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND The impact of the 2017 American College Cardiology/American Heart Association guidelines on reclassification of white coat hypertension (WCH) and white coat uncontrolled hypertension (WUCH) phenotypes has not been thoroughly investigated, so far. The aim of the present analysis was to compare the prevalence rates of WCH and WUCH according to either 2018 European Society Hypertension/European Society Cardiology and 2017 ACC/AHA hypertension guidelines. METHODS A large database of individual 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure (BP) recordings from untreated and treated hypertensive individuals with office BP ≥140 and/or 90 mm Hg was analyzed. RESULTS As many as 3,223 (39% men) out of 7,353 (47% men) fulfilled diagnostic criteria for WCH (n = 1,281) and WUCH (n = 1,942) according to the 2018 ESH/ESC guidelines (mean 24-hour BP <130/80 mm Hg), the prevalence rate being 17.4% and 26.4%, respectively. The corresponding figures according to the 2017 ACC/AHA guidelines (mean 24-hour BP <125/75 mm Hg) were 15.6 and 9.4%, respectively. Thus, a total of 1,378 patients (42.7%) either defined as WCH and WUCH by ESH/ESC guidelines, were classifiable as untreated sustained and uncontrolled sustained hypertensives by ACC/AHA guidelines. CONCLUSIONS The ACC/AHA reclassification of patients with office BP ≥140/90 mm Hg leads to a marked decrease in the prevalence of WCH/WUCH. This may have relevant clinical implications because the prognostic significance of these phenotypes is often ignored in clinical practice and, consequently, contributes to the high burden of cardiovascular diseases worldwide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rod‐shaped cells of Myxococcus xanthus, a Gram‐negative deltaproteobacterium, differentiate to environmentally resistant spores upon starvation or chemical stress. The environmental resistance depends on a spore coat polysaccharide that is synthesised by the ExoA‐I proteins, some of which are part of a Wzx/Wzy‐dependent pathway for polysaccharide synthesis and export; however, key components of this pathway have remained unidentified. Here, we identify and characterise two additional loci encoding proteins with homology to enzymes involved in polysaccharide synthesis and export, as well as sugar modification and show that six of the proteins encoded by these loci are essential for the formation of environmentally resistant spores. Our data support that MXAN_3260, renamed ExoM and MXAN_3026, renamed ExoJ, are the Wzx flippase and Wzy polymerase, respectively, responsible for translocation and polymerisation of the repeat unit of the spore coat polysaccharide. Moreover, we provide evidence that three glycosyltransferases (MXAN_3027/ExoK, MXAN_3262/ExoO and MXAN_3263/ExoP) and a polysaccharide deacetylase (MXAN_3259/ExoL) are important for formation of the intact spore coat, while ExoE is the polyisoprenyl‐phosphate hexose‐1‐phosphate transferase responsible for initiating repeat unit synthesis, likely by transferring N‐acetylgalactosamine‐1‐P to undecaprenyl‐phosphate. Together, our data generate a more complete model of the Exo pathway for spore coat polysaccharide biosynthesis and export. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The authors have developed a process to create wrap‐around electrodes (WAEs) on glass for use in tiled microLED display applications. The electrodes have small size and spacing, low resistance, and good reliability. In addition, an opaque overcoat protects the edges of the tiles and reduces seam visibility. These electrodes allow bezel‐free tiled operation for high‐resolution displays. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]