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Connections between northern Iberia and western France around the Bay of Biscay during the Chalcolithic, Early Bronze Age, and Middle Bronze Age are addressed in this article through a multivariate cluster analysis of a dataset of 1273 metal finds, comprising 4554 metal artefacts grouped into five multiregional clusters with distinctive distributions, chronologies, content, and contexts. Changes in distribution and chronology show that metalwork from faraway regions was deposited in similar ways, reflecting changing patterns of interregional connectivity. Changes in context and content suggest social transformations. The clustering method known as Latent Class Analysis is presented here in the hope that it will be applicable to other datasets elsewhere in the world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Berliner Journal für Soziologie is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Mit dem wechselnden Fokus von der Input- zur Outcomeorientierung und von der Schul- zur Unterrichtsqualität rückt die Aufgabenqualität in den Forschungsfokus. Damit der in den Lehrplänen anvisierte kumulative Kompetenzaufbau der Lernenden unterstützt werden kann, gewinnen aufeinander aufbauende Aufgaben an Bedeutung. Der in dieser Studie vorgestellte Lernprozessmodellansatz unterscheidet dazu fünf Aufgabentypen zur Konfrontation, Erarbeitung, Übung, Synthese und zum Transfer beim Lernen. Inwiefern sich diese Typen in Aufgabensets tatsächlich empirisch unterscheiden, wird in dieser Studie untersucht. Dazu werden 58 MINT-Aufgaben mittels Clusteranalysen zur Eruierung der Aufgabentypen in Gruppen eingeteilt. Die Befunde der Studie zeigen, dass eine Typisierung grundsätzlich möglich ist.

Copyright of Swiss Journal of Educational Research / Schweizerische Zeitschrift für Bildungswissenschaften is the property of University Library of Bern and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Religionen werden in vielen Kontexten essentialisiert und verallgemeinert dargestellt.Auch Jugendliche zeigen Tendenzen, Religionen und Religionsangehörigezu essentialisieren und auf eine spezifische religiöse Praxis zu reduzieren. Wieund wie stark Schüler*innen Religionen essentialisieren, wurde mittels eines Fragebogensbei 180 Deutschschweizer Jugendlichen erhoben. Die Ergebnisse zeigenunterschiedliche Ausprägungen bei verschiedenen Dimensionen der Essentialisierung.Essentialisierungen und deren gesellschaftlichen Auswirkungensollten im Religionsunterricht kritisch besprochen werden.

Copyright of German Journal of Exercise & Sport Research is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Das theoretische Modell des prosozialen Klassenzimmers betont die Relevanz emotionaler Kompetenzen als bedeutsame Ressource für Schulerfolg und Wohlbefinden. Daher sollten angehende Lehrkräfte in der Entwicklung entsprechender Kompetenzen unterstützt werden. Die Arbeit mit Textvignetten kann eine effektive Methode zur Professionalisierung angehender Lehrkräfte darstellen. Bisher haben sich jedoch nur wenige Studien mit einer emotionsevozierenden Bedeutung von Textvignetten für Professionalisierungszwecke beschäftigt. Für die vorliegende Studie wurde Fallmaterial für die Lehrkräftebildung in Form erfahrungsbasierter Textvignetten entwickelt, die den Umgang mit Heterogenität in pädagogischen Handlungssituationen thematisieren und inhaltlich auf realen Beobachtungen in Praktikumstagebüchern von Studierenden basieren. Der vorliegende Beitrag untersucht das emotionale Erleben von Studierenden anhand von 99 Vignetten, die kriterienbasiert ausgewählt wurden. Von zwei Stichproben aus Lehramtsstudierenden (Studie 1: n = 364; Studie 2: n = 304) wurden die Textvignetten anhand der evozierten Emotionen geratet. Ergebnisse clusteranalytischer Verfahren zeigen, dass die Vignetten in drei relativ homogene Cluster gruppiert werden können: positiv nuancierte Vignetten, negativ nuancierte Vignetten und neutrale Vignetten. Zusammenfassend werden die Ergebnisse hinsichtlich der gezielten Verwendung von Vignetten unterschiedlicher Cluster in der Förderung emotionaler Kompetenzen in der Lehrkräftebildung diskutiert, bevor der Beitrag mit einem Ausblick auf entsprechende geplante Studien schließt.

Copyright of Österreichisches Religionspädagogisches Forum (ÖRF) is the property of Osterreichisches Religionspadagogisches Forum and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Die vorliegende Studie ermittelt durch Clusterung Überzeugungsmuster zukünftiger Lehrpersonen (N = 504) zum Einsatz digitaler Medien im Unterricht. Übergreifend sind positive Überzeugungen zum Medieneinsatz geringer ausgeprägt. Negative erfahren mehr Zustimmung, fallen allerdings zwischen den Mustern divergenter aus. 40 % der Studierenden schätzen den Nutzen für die Unterrichtsentwicklung sowie Motivation und Förderung von Schüler:innen (noch) verhalten positiv ein. Dem stehen zwei Gruppen zukünftiger Lehrpersonen entgegen, deren Überzeugungen zu Überforderung, Zweifeln an der Förderung der ‹richtigen› Kompetenzen und gesundheitlichen Gefährdungen durch digitale Medien stärker ausgeprägt sind. Etwa ein Fünftel von ihnen stimmt solchen negativen Überzeugungen besonders zu. Die Muster und daraus folgende Implikationen werden hinsichtlich der schwierigen Veränderbarkeit von Überzeugungen diskutiert.

Background At Saarland University a competency-based blended learning curriculum was implemented in family medicine for year five medical students. Considering the shortage of future family physicians, this study investigates whether the curriculum increases the attraction of and assesses motivational drivers in family medicine as a postgraduate career choice. Methods During summer semester 2021, two online questionnaires were used to compare students' likelihood to engage in post-graduate training in family medicine, before and after curriculum participation. K-means Cluster analysis was performed to identify different motivational clusters of students, based on results from the Academic Motivation Scale. Motivational drivers were identified by descriptive quantitative analyses. JASP (Version 0.14.1) and Jamovi (Version 1.6) were used for data analyses. Results 109 out of 111 enrolled students participated in the first questionnaire; 103 continued to participate in the second questionnaire. The likelihood to engage in family medicine specialty training increased significantly after participation in the curriculum (p = 0.016). Four constant motivational clusters were identified. Students perceived the focus on relevant primary care learning outcomes, the alignment of curriculum and exam content, the alignment of learning outcomes with state exam content, symptom-based learning, communication at eye level and the increased self-confidence in dealing with common disease patterns as particularly motivating. Conclusions A compulsory family medicine curriculum in medical school may influence a students' choice to specialize in this field. The identified motivational drivers seem to be useful for future curriculum redesign projects in family medicine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Industrielle Beziehungen is the property of Rainer Hampp Verlag and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Comparisons of cities are frequently used to evaluate urban transportation planning and policies. A typology of cities can contribute to adequately interpret the identified differences between cities. For this purpose, this paper collects 27 indicators of socio-economic characteristics, spatial structures, travel behaviour and the evaluation of local transport situation for 44 major German cities. We generate clusters of cities based on a factor and cluster analysis. The factor analysis identifies five latent variables called metropolitan character, bicycle-friendliness, affluence, influence of students, and private car orientation. The subsequent cluster analysis identifies five clusters. According to this typology, most cities that are considered good practices of urban transport policy in Germany belong either to the cluster of metropolitan cities or university cities with a cycling-friendly environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Persian walnut (Juglans regia L.) is a valuable economic plant used worldwide for its wood and nut fruit. In the current study, the genetic variation of 21 selected walnut genotypes from different regions of Iran was described using nut pomological properties, ISSR primers, and DNA analyses based on SSR primers. Nut pomology revealed nut weight of selected genotypes ranged from 12.1 to 17.5 g (OR23). Kernel weight varied from 5.3 to 10.3 g (OR23), and kernel fill percentage ranged from 43.4 to 62.7% (T12). PCR amplification with ISSR primers revealed 112 bands obtained with 91% polymorphism. Numbers of amplified bands ranged from 9 to 14. The highest primer resolving power (Rp), 7.71, was obtained with the UBC.884 primer and highlights the ability of the most informative primers to differentiate between the genotypes. The average band informativeness (AvIb) varied from 0.14 (UBC.886) to 0.62 (UBC.887 and UBC.888). Using the Jaccard coefficient, genetic similarity values among walnut genotypes varied from 0.52 to 0.88. The dendrogram of UPGMA analysis with ISSR primers classified walnuts genotypes in two main groups and three sub-groups. PCoA largely confirmed cluster analysis results. Genotypes collected from Shahrood displayed lower genetic variation and the Tuyserkan and Urmia genotypes were more genetically distant. Unique DNA profiles were established for all studied genotypes based on three distinct microsatellite loci. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Das Versprechen der Vernetzung der NFDI ist ein Veranstaltungsbeitrag. Er stellt wesentliche Ergebnisse aus dem Workshop Visualisierung von Netzwerken auf dem 2. Community Meeting des Konsortiums NFDI4Ing vor und zeichnet nach, wie die Visualisierung des Versprechens der Vernetzung durch die Diskussionen mit den Teilnehmenden des Workshops zu neuen Erkenntnissen und Fragestellungen führte.

Die städtische Verkehrsplanung und Verkehrspolitik wird häufig anhand von Städtevergleichen des Verkehrsverhaltens ihrer Einwohner bewertet. Eine Städtetypologie kann dazu beitragen, diese Unterschiede zutreffend zu interpretieren. Dazu werden in diesem Beitrag für 44 deutsche Städte 27 Indikatoren der sozioökonomischen und räumlichen Strukturen, des Verkehrsverhaltens und der Bewertung der Verkehrssituation genutzt. Aus einer Faktoren- und Clusteranalyse werden mehrere Städtecluster abgeleitet. Als latente Variablen erweisen sich die Faktoren metropolitane Prägung, Fahrradklima, Wohlstand, studentische Prägung und die Orientierung am Privat-Pkw. Die anschließende Clusteranalyse führt zu fünf Typen. In dieser Typologie gehören die meisten Städte, die in Deutschland als gute Beispiele kommunaler Verkehrspolitik gelten, zum Cluster der Metropolen oder zum Cluster der Universitätsstädte mit positivem Fahrradklima.

The most important olive (Olea europaea L.) variety in Montenegro is 'Žutica' which represents 65% of total olive population of the coastal area, and 98% of the olive trees in the southern sub-region of Bar. A total of 42 trees of olive variety 'Žutica' from the coastal area was selected and evaluated of morphological and technological traits during three consecutive years (2009–2011). Analyses of a set of twenty one parameters, analysis of variance and descriptive statistics revealed significant differences among clones for majority of the studied traits. Coefficient of variation was under the range of 20% for almost all examined traits. The strongest correlations (r > 0.75; P < 0.05) were observed between parameters of inflorescence, fruit and endocarp. The highest correlation between FL was with FWE (r = 0.87), FW (r = 0.76) as well as with EL and EWE (r = 0.88), and EW (r = 0.79). These parameters are in mutual correlative dependence. PCA analyses with five principal component axes had the total cumulative variance of 75.29%, with fruit and endocarp size in PC1 and flesh and stone ratio in PC2. Cluster analyses based on 12 morphological traits divided analyzed accessions into two main clusters. The first one with 22 accessions, further divided into two main subgroups, is composed of accessions with highest fruit weight (above 3.2 and 4.0 g). The second cluster was comprised of 20 accessions, 17 of which were from the south coastal area, and exhibited lower values of inflorescence, fruit and endocarp parameters. Our results indicate considerable variability of morphological parameters which are to be studied further and proved on molecular level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Obwohl der österreichische Bio-Fachhandel im Vergleich zum konventionellen Lebensmitteleinzelhandel nur einen geringen Anteil am Gesamtumsatz mit Bio-Lebensmitteln hat, nimmt die Anzahl der Bio-Fachhandelsgeschäfte konstant zu. Ziel der Arbeit war daher, die Kunden von Wiener Bio-Supermärkten (eine der Formen des Bio-Fachhandels) zu analysieren und auf Basis dieser Analyse Zielgruppen abzuleiten. Unter Verwendung eines standardisierten Fragebogens wurden 211 Kunden des Bio-Supermarktes „denn’s“ befragt. Im Rahmen der Befragung wurden soziodemografische, psychografische und kaufverhaltensbezogene Merkmale ermittelt. Die Zielgruppensegmentierung der Teilnehmer erfolgte mittels Clusteranalyse unter Verwendung zweier Clusterverfahren (Single-Linkage- und Ward-Verfahren). Die deskriptiven Ergebnisse dieser Erhebung zeigen, dass die Kunden des Wiener Bio-Supermarktes „denn’s“ vorwiegend weiblich sind. Allgemein sind die Kunden mittleren Alters und weisen ein vergleichsweise hohes Bildungs- und Einkommensniveau auf. Für die Befragten ist der Gesundheitsaspekt beim Bio-Lebensmitteleinkauf am relevantesten, gefolgt vom Umwelt- und Tierschutz. In Hinblick auf die Ernährungsgewohnheiten der Kunden sind über 60 % Vegetarier oder Veganer und rund 35 % achten auf eine gluten- oder laktosefreie Ernährung. Zudem sind die wesentlichsten Einkaufsmotive das Sortiment sowie Produktinformationen am Regal und eine deutliche Preiskennzeichnung. Mittels Clusteranalyse konnten zuvor vier unterschiedliche Kundenzielgruppen identifiziert werden.

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Copyright of Unterrichtswissenschaft (Springer Science & Business Media B.V.) is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Apricot is an important fruit species cultivated in the world. Different varieties of apricot with various quality and sensory characteristics that vary according to the countries are consumed. It is important to breed new varieties to meet consumer demands. Therefore, in this study that was conducted with the 'Hacıhaliloğlu' x 'Boccucia' population to develop new varieties at a later stage, physical, chemical sensory characteristics of the hybrid population were investigated and the status of the population through PCA (Principal Component Analysis) and CA (Clustering Analysis) upon determining the correlation between properties evaluated. Significantly, high levels of variation were observed regarding fruit weight, color, firmness and harvest time. Fruit color and harvest time have been distinctive parameters in selecting genotypes. The dendrogram obtained from cluster analysis grouped 20 genotypes in the same group while the other genotypes were placed in a separate group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

River Hernád is a transborder running water of Slovakia and Hungary. The drainage basin of the river include lot of tributaries which are under researched therefore our knowledge about of the fish fauna of the streams is incomplete. Hence in this investigation we wanted to estimate the fish fauna of the streams and accomplished the ecological assessment of the tributaries based on fish data. The samplings were made at autumn in 2019. The longness of the sampling sections was 150 m by wading and the sampling method based on the European Water Framework Directive for fish examination. According to our results fish assemblage of the streams are diverse most of the time, but sometimes these assemblages contain just one species, as follow the assessment is beyond possibility. Most of the species are protected by nature conservation and they are so sensitive for the changes of their environment, therefore they are good indicators of the changes in the ecological assessment. Overall, the ecological surveying of the tributaries of River Hernád shows that these natural habitats have good ecological conditions. During the sampling we identified just 3 invasive species (stone moroko, prussian carp, pumpkinseed). Because of the intensifying anthropogenic effects these ecosystems are critically threatened. The contamination and modification of the streams fetch up to change the fish assemblage actually result disappearing of rheophilic species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, plant breeding of some cultivars such as sumac has attracted more attention because their contributions to human health started to be revealed. Turkey being its origin, sumac (Rhus coriaria L.) is widely used as a medicinal plant and spice. However, the sporadic cultivation of cultivars such as sumac endangers its existence and future. Therefore, the protection of this cultivar and its genetic characterization as well as encouraging the cultivation of this cultivar through plant breeding is of utmost importance. In this respect, this study aims to determine the genetic diversities among 24 different sumac (Rhus coriaria L.) genotypes. 17 different SRAP (sequence related amplified polymorphism) and 12 ISSR (inter simple sequence repeat) primers were used in this study, and, as a result, 133 amplifications were obtained. 130 of these amplifications were polyphormic, the average value of polymorphism were determined as 97.74%. In addition, genetic difference among the genotypes were calculated, which yielded a percentage of 45%. The highest difference was observed between S19 and S5 (73%), while the lowest genetic difference was found between S23 and S24 genotypes (20%). These results suggest that sumac genotypes displaying high genetic difference will be selected as parents in the plant breeding studies on sumac cultivars in the future, thus increasing variation rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]