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2. Public procurement of innovation : towards a theory of adoption and implementation by local authorities

Author

Dale-Clough, Lisa

Subjects
658, HD Industries. Land use. Labor, HJ Public Finance
Abstract

This thesis addresses the problem of why a broad agreement on the importance of using public procurement to stimulate innovation (PPI) has not been realised in practice by analysing the adoption and implementation of associated processes by local authorities. It applies evolutionary and institutional perspectives underpinning the systems of innovation approach to reveal the contextual and organisational factors affecting the selection of procurement processes by local authorities. It contains evidence from two case studies in which organisations attempt PPI, comparative analysis of the procurement practices of three European city authorities, and analysis of the strategies and policy setting informing the current PPI paradigm. Data collection and analysis was guided by a framework describing how local authorities are likely to encounter PPI, derived from a review of the innovation and procurement literatures. The analysis re-frames the current PPI debates as translating practices defined in the exogenous institutional setting into legitimate and rationalised alternatives to established, path-dependent procurement routines. It extends our understanding of the framework conditions and processes of PPI and factors contributing to variation in incidence and form. It presents propositions, variables and indicators that could be tested in future studies, and considers implications for future research and policy-making.

Published
2015

4. 920. A Phase 2 Multi-Center, Prospective, Randomized, Double-Blind Study to Assess the Clinical and Antiviral Efficacy and Safety of Nitazoxanide for the Treatment of Norovirus in Hematopoietic Stem Cell and Solid Organ Transplant Recipients

Author

Boutin, Catherine-Audrey, primary, Callegari, Michelle A, additional, Florescu, Diana F, additional, Nguyen, Minh-Hong, additional, Kaul, Daniel, additional, Avery, Robin K, additional, Chong, Pearlie P, additional, Fisher, Cynthia E, additional, Limaye, Ajit, additional, Clough, Lisa A, additional, Pergam, Steven A, additional, Green, Michael D, additional, Michaels, Marian G, additional, Danziger-Isakov, Lara A, additional, Angarone, Michael P, additional, Keefer, Laurie, additional, Daud, Amna, additional, and Ison, Michael, additional

Published
2023
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6. Effectiveness of a "Suppression Bundle" to improve HIV virologic suppression in an outpatient infectious disease clinic: a pilot implementation study.

Author

Poplin, Victoria, Katz, Julia, Herrman, Megan, Robertson, Kelly, Chen, Guoqing, Clough, Lisa A., and Newman, Jessica R.

Subjects
HIV infections, HIV-positive persons, PILOT projects, VIRAL load, RESEARCH methodology, CLINICS, PRE-tests & post-tests, DESCRIPTIVE statistics
Abstract

Despite effectiveness and accessibility of combined anti-retroviral therapy (cART), only 85% of people living with HIV (PLHIV) in the United States are virologically suppressed. Improving suppression is complex. Our objective was to consider unique factors in PLHIV with non-suppressed viral loads in clinic and improve the percentage of suppressed patients by implementing a "Suppression Bundle" consisting of three to five bundled interventions with the goal of improved suppression. Prior to the study, there were 567 HIV-positive patients receiving care in clinic. Of those, 89 had a measurable viral load (>40 copies/mL). In this pilot pre-post implementation, we focused on the 89 non-suppressed patients to (1) determine feasibility of implementing bundles and (2) increase the number of patients with suppressed viral loads pre- to post-intervention. Of non-suppressed patients, 65 were active in care immediately pre-intervention and participated in the pilot. At the completion of the 9-month intervention, 46 had viral loads <40 copies/mL, demonstrating substantial improvement with 70.1% of the previously non-suppressed patients achieving suppression. By considering unique patient factors, an individualized Suppression Bundle is acceptable, feasible, and may increase virally suppressed patients in an outpatient clinic. Next steps include determining whether suppression bundles can be implemented in differing practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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15. Arctic lagoon and nearshore food webs: Relative contributions of terrestrial organic matter, phytoplankton, and phytobenthos vary with consumer foraging dynamics

Author

McMahon, Kelton W., Ambrose, William G., Reynolds, Melinda J., Johnson, Beverly J., Whiting, Alex, Clough, Lisa M., McMahon, Kelton W., Ambrose, William G., Reynolds, Melinda J., Johnson, Beverly J., Whiting, Alex, and Clough, Lisa M.

Abstract

Characterizing energy flow and trophic linkages is fundamental to understanding the functioning and resilience of Arctic ecosystems under increasing pressure from climate change and anthropogenic exploitation. We used carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes to examine trophic dynamics and the relative contribution of terrestrial organic matter, water column phytoplankton, and phytobenthos (benthic micro- and macro-autotrophs as well as sea ice algae) to the food webs supporting 45 macroconsumers in three Arctic coastal lagoon ecosystems (Krusenstern, Sisualik, Akulaaq) and the adjacent Kotzebue Sound with varying degrees of connectivity in Cape Krusenstern National Monument, Alaska. A two-source (water column particulate organic matter and benthic sediment organic matter), two-isotope trophic dynamics model informed by a Bayesian isotope mixing model revealed that the Lagoon-Kotzebue Sound coastal ecosystem supported consumers along a trophic position continuum from primary consumers, including amphipods, copepods, and clams to trophic level five predators, such as seastars, piscivorous fishes, seals, and seabirds. The relative contribution of the three primary producer end members, terrestrial organic matter (41 ± 21%), phytoplankton (25 ± 21%), and phytobenthos (34 ± 23%) varied as a function of: 1) consumer foraging ecology and 2) consumer location. Suspension feeders received most of their carbon from food webs based on phytoplankton (49 ± 11%) and terrestrial organic matter (23 ± 5%), whereas herbivores and detritivores received the majority of their carbon from phytobenthos-based food webs, 58 ± 10% and 60 ± 8%, respectively. Omnivores and predators showed more even distributions of resource reliance and greater overall variance among species. Within the invertebrates, the importance of terrestrial organic matter decreased and phytobenthos increased with increasing trophic position. The importance of terrestrial organic matter contribution increased with lagoon pr

Published
2021

16. Diversity of the arctic deep-sea benthos

Author

Bodil, Bluhm A., Ambrose, Jr, William G., Bergmann, Melanie, Clough, Lisa M., Gebruk, Andrey V., Hasemann, Christiane, Iken, Katrin, Klages, Michael, MacDonald, Ian R., Renaud, Paul E., Schewe, Ingo, Soltwedel, Thomas, and Włodarska-Kowalczuk, Maria

Published
2011
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19. Cross-shelf and seasonal variation in larval fish assemblages on the southeast United States continental shelf off the coast of Georgia

Author

Marancik, Katrin E., Clough, Lisa M., and Hare, Jonathan A.

Subjects
Georgia -- Environmental aspects, Larvae -- Environmental aspects, Fishes -- Environmental aspects, Zoology and wildlife conservation, Environmental aspects
Abstract

Abstract--Seasonal and cross-shelf patterns were investigated in larval fish assemblages on the continental shelf off the coast of Georgia. The influence of environmental factors on larval distributions also was examined, [...]

Published
2005

25. Meiobenthos of the central Arctic Ocean with special emphasis on the nematode community structure

Author

Vanreusel, Ann, Clough, Lisa, Jacobsen, Kim, Ambrose, William, Jivaluk, Jutamas, Ryheul, Valerie, Herman, Rudy, and Vincx, Magda

Subjects
Arctic Ocean -- Environmental aspects, Nematoda -- Environmental aspects, Benthos -- Microbiology, Animal populations -- Environmental aspects, Earth sciences
Abstract

Nematode communities in the central Arctic Ocean were found to be the numerically dominant meiofaunal type, with the bacterivorous/detrivorous deposit feeder Monhystera as the dominant genus. Water latitude and depth were found to account for 67% of total abundance variability and 55% of biomas variability.

Published
2000

28. Potential carbon sources for the head-down deposit-feeding polychaete Heteromastus filiformis

Author

Clough, Lisa M. and Lopez, Glenn R.

Subjects
Marine microbiology -- Research, Benthos -- Microbiology, Carbon -- Research, Ocean -- Composition, Biological sciences, Earth sciences
Abstract

Potential carbon sources for the capitellid polychaete, Heteromastus filiformis, which was obtained from Great South Bay, Long Island, NY, were examined for the availability of metabolically active benthic algae, active bacteria and total organic carbon present in deep sediment to H. filiformis. H. filiformis is a head-down deposit feeder, ingesting sediment water interface. Carbon retention efficiencies of 26%, 4% and 8% were observed for metabolically active bacteria, detritus and benthic algae.

Published
1993

29. Evaluating the Effect of Bottom Trawls in Pamlico River, North Carolina

Author

Corbett, D. Reide, West, Terry, Clough, Lisa, Frank, James, and Calfee, Worth

Subjects
Environment Pollution
Abstract

The objective of this study is to evaluate and quantify the amount of sediment resuspension on shallow estuarine systems, with specific comparisons between natural and trawling-induced events. This aids in the assessment of water quality and sediment processes on a specific coastal system of North Carolina, providing a basis for future studies on other shallow estuarine ecosystems. Categorizing these sediment processes into distinct individual units (e.g. natural vs. anthropogenic) is an important component toward fully realizing proper management of our coastal habitats. Heavy trawling activity along North Carolina s coast is one of the major obstacles in management plans. Therefore, it is imperative to quantify the effects of trawling to gain a more specific understanding of the human impact on estuaries.

Published
2003

33. Toolkit for National Level Stocktaking of Local Company's Innovation Practices and Corresponding Policy Measures

Author

Dale-Clough, Lisa, Hahn, Katrin, Konrad, Kornelia, Linshalm, Enikoe, Marzocchi, Chiara, Sauer, Angelika, and Tukiainen, Sampo

Abstract

This report provides a detailed explanation of the approach and methodlogical steps taken within the Industrial Innovation in Transition (IIT) project (funded by the European Commission as part of the Horizon 2020 framework programme). The project investigated companies' innovation practices and innovation policy measures across 11 European countries. The report includes the steps taken to create the database characterizing the innovation practices of 694 companies, based on semi-structured interviews conducted with CTOs, CEOs and research managers of the companies.

Published
2017
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34. Industrial Innovation in Transition: Firms Best Practice Guide

Author

Cox, Deborah, Dale-Clough, Lisa, La, José Alberto De, Georghiou, Luke, Hahn, Katrin, Iriarte, Javier, Enikö Linshalm, Yanchao Li, Marzocchi, Chiara, Ormala, Erkki, Ploder, Michael, Polt, Wolfgang, Sauer, Angelika, Tukiainen, Sampo, Yeow, Jillian, Konrad, Kornelia, and Mattila, Jukka

Published
2017
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35. Innovation best practice report

Author

Cox, Deborah, Dale-Clough, Lisa, Parte, Jose Alberto De La, Georghiou, Luke, Hahn, Katrin, Iriarte, Javier, Konrad, Kornelia, Yanchao Li, Marzocchi, Chiara, Ormala, Erkki, Ploder, Michael, Polt, Wolfgang, Sauer, Angelika, Tukiainen, Sampo, and Yeow, Jillian

Published
2017
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38. DC influenced/Q&A: Lisa Clough, VP, public and patient programs, WomenHeart, discusses how celeb outreach helped the group educate women about heart disease

Author

Clough, Lisa

Subjects
Bayer HealthCare AG, Women, Celebrities, Heart attack, Executives, Advertising, marketing and public relations, Business
Abstract

How did this campaign come together and why use Vanessa Williams as a celebrity spokesperson? Handbags & Hearts, a national patient-education campaign of which Women-Heart is the patient advocacy partner, [...]

Published
2013

39. Clostridioides difficileInfection and Risk of Acute Graft-versus-Host Disease among Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Recipients

Author

Jabr, Ra'ed, El Atrouni, Wissam, Shune, Leyla, Telfah, Mohammad, Gao, Guangyi, He, Jianghua, Abhyankar, Sunil, McGuirk, Joseph, and Clough, Lisa

Abstract

•Clostridiodes difficileinfection and acute graft-versus-host disease share pathogenesis.•GVHD occurs in two-thirds of allogenic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) recipients.•C difficileinfection is a major cause of infectious diarrhea among allo-HSCT recipients.•C difficileinfection after allo-HSCT is associated with increased risk of GVHD when no prophylaxis is used.

Published
2021
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40. Rapid consumption of phytoplankton and ice algae by Arctic soft-sediment benthic communities: evidence using natural and 13C-labeled food materials

Author

Ming-Yi, Sun, Carroll, Michael L., Ambrose, William G., Jr., Clough, Lisa M., Li Zhou, and Lopez, Glenn R.

Subjects
Arctic -- Natural resources, Phytoplankton -- Environmental aspects, Unsaturated fatty acids -- Nutritional aspects, Carbon -- Isotopes, Carbon -- Usage, Biological sciences, Earth sciences
Abstract

The study examined the response of Arctic benthic communities to changes in food supplies in the Arctic region. Results revealed that the communities are versatile and capable of changing methods to meet their food requirements.

Published
2007

42. Trends in Organisational Requirements for Open Innovation in Large Companies.

Author

Sauer, Angelika, Dale-Clough, Lisa, Marzocchi, Chiara, Ploder, Michael, and Polt, Wolfgang

Subjects
OPEN innovation, INNOVATION management, PERFORMANCE management, INDUSTRIAL management
Abstract

Open innovation, as conceptualised by Chesbrough (2003), is often defined as one means of realising the potential of internal and external competences to accelerate internal innovation and expand the market for external use of innovation. Subsequently, it appears that companies with a strong internal network of different organisational competences have a greater number of possibilities to combine them with external organisational competences. Due to their size and their more inflexible internal structures, larger companies may have greater difficulties in establishing strong cross-disciplinary internal networks that support open innovation. In this research note we will explore the issues affecting large and very large companies that affect their capacity for open innovation, and propose the idea that strong internal relations are a core factor for awareness of and operationalisation of open innovation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017

43. Retrospective evaluation of fidaxomicin versus oral vancomycin for treatment of Clostridium difficileinfections in allogeneic stem cell transplant

Author

Prohaska, Laura, Mahmoudjafari, Zahra, Shune, Leyla, Singh, Anurag, Lin, Tara, Abhyankar, Sunil, Ganguly, Siddhartha, Grauer, Dennis, McGuirk, Joseph, and Clough, Lisa

Abstract

Clostridium difficileinfection (CDI) is a potential complication during hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), and no specific recommendations exist regarding treatment of CDI in allogeneic SCT patients. Use of metronidazole and oral vancomycin has been associated with clinical failure. Fidaxomicin has previously been found noninferior to the use of oral vancomycin for the treatment of CDI, and no studies have compared the use of oral vancomycin with fidaxomicin for the treatment of CDI in allogeneic SCT.

Published
2018
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