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1,693 results on '"Clements, Archie"'

2. Determining the Impact of a School-Based Health Education Package for Prevention of Intestinal Worm Infections in the Philippines: Protocol for a Cluster Randomized Intervention Trial

Author

Mationg, Mary Lorraine S, Williams, Gail M, Tallo, Veronica L, Olveda, Remigio M, Aung, Eindra, Alday, Portia, Reñosa, Mark Donald, Daga, Chona Mae, Landicho, Jhoys, Demonteverde, Maria Paz, Santos, Eunice Dianne, Bravo, Thea Andrea, Angly Bieri, Franziska A, Li, Yuesheng, Clements, Archie C A, Steinmann, Peter, Halton, Kate, Stewart, Donald E, McManus, Donald P, and Gray, Darren J

Subjects
Medicine, Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics, R858-859.7
Abstract

BackgroundRepeated mass drug administration (MDA) of antihelminthics to at-risk populations is still the main strategy for the control of soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections. However, MDA, as a stand-alone intervention, does not prevent reinfection. Accordingly, complementary measures to prevent STH reinfection, such as health education and improved sanitation, as part of an integrated control approach, are required to augment the effectiveness of MDA for optimal efficiency and sustainability. ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to determine the impact and generalizability of a school-based health education package entitled The Magic Glasses for STH prevention in the Philippines. MethodsWe conducted a cluster randomized controlled intervention trial, involving 2020 schoolchildren aged 9-10 years, in 40 schools in Laguna Province, Philippines, to evaluate the impact of the school-based health education package for the prevention of STHs. The trial was conducted over the course of 1 year (June 2016 to July 2017). A total of 20 schools were randomly assigned to the intervention arm, in which The Magic Glasses Philippines health education package was delivered with the standard health education activities endorsed by the Philippines Department of Health (DOH) and the Department of Education (DepEd). The other 20 schools comprised the control arm of the study, where the DOH/DepEd’s standard health education activities were done. At baseline, parasitological assessments and a knowledge, attitude, and practice survey were carried out in all schools. In addition, height, weight, and hemoglobin levels were obtained from each child (after parental consent), and their school attendance and academic performance in English and mathematics were accessed from the school records. The baseline and 2 follow-up surveys were completed using the same study measurements and quality-control assessments. ResultsKey results from this cluster randomized intervention trial will shed light on the impact that The Magic Glasses health education package will have against STH infections in schoolchildren in the province of Laguna, located on the Island of Luzon, in the Calabarzon Region of the Philippines. ConclusionsThe results of the trial will be used to assess the generalizability of the impact of The Magic Glasses health education package in different epidemiological and cultural settings, providing evidence for translation of this health education package into public health policy and practice in the Asian region and beyond. Trial RegistrationAustralian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry number ACTRN12616000508471; https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=368849 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)DERR1-10.2196/18419

Published
2020
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6. A study protocol for a multi-country cluster randomized controlled trial of the impact of a multi-component One Health strategy to eliminate Opisthorchis viverrini and soil transmitted helminths in the Lower Mekong Basin

Author

Mationg, Mary Lorraine, Clements, Archie C. A., Williams, Gail M., Kelly, Matthew, Stewart, Donald E., Gordon, Catherine A., Wangdi, Kinley, Tangkawattana, Sirikachorn, Suwannatrai, Apiporn T., Savathdy, Vanathom, Khieu, Visal, Wannachart, Sangduan, O’Connor, Suji Yoo, Forsyth, Simon, Gannon, Sean, Odermatt, Peter, McManus, Donald P., Sayasone, Somphou, Khieu, Virak, Sripa, Banchob, and Gray, Darren J.

Published
2024
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24. Community-wide versus school-based targeted deworming for soil-transmitted helminth control in school-aged children in Vietnam: the CoDe-STH cluster-randomised controlled trial

Author

Dyer, Clare E.F., Ng-Nguyen, Dinh, Clarke, Naomi E., Hii, Sze Fui, Nguyen, Hieu Quoc, Nguyen, Van-Anh Thi, Nguyen, Thai Van, Nguyen, Trong Van, Ngo, Tam Thi, Herath, H.M.P. Dilrukshi, Wand, Handan, Coffeng, Luc E., Marshall, Justine C., Gray, Darren J., Anderson, Roy M., Clements, Archie C.A., Kaldor, John M., Traub, Rebecca J., and Vaz Nery, Susana

Published
2023
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29. Liver and cardiometabolic markers and conditions in a cross-sectional study of three Australian communities living with environmental per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances contamination

Author

Lazarevic, Nina, Smurthwaite, Kayla S., D'Este, Catherine, Lucas, Robyn M., Armstrong, Bruce, Clements, Archie CA., Trevenar, Susan M., Gad, Imogen, Hosking, Rose, Law, Hsei Di, Mueller, Jochen, Bräunig, Jennifer, Nilsson, Sandra, Lane, Jo, Lal, Aparna, Lidbury, Brett A., Korda, Rosemary J., and Kirk, Martyn D.

Published
2023
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30. Psychological distress in three Australian communities living with environmental per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances contamination

Author

Lazarevic, Nina, Smurthwaite, Kayla S., Batterham, Philip J., Lane, Jo, Trevenar, Susan M., D'Este, Catherine, Clements, Archie C.A., Joshy, Amelia L., Hosking, Rose, Gad, Imogen, Lal, Aparna, Law, Hsei Di, Banwell, Catherine, Randall, Deborah A., Miller, Adrian, Housen, Tambri, Korda, Rosemary J., and Kirk, Martyn D.

Published
2023
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33. Cost analysis for “The Magic Glasses Philippines” health education package to prevent intestinal worm infections among Filipino schoolchildren

Author

Mationg, Mary Lorraine S., Williams, Gail M., Tallo, Veronica L., Olveda, Remigio M., Aung, Eindra, Alday, Portia, Reñosa, Mark Donald, Daga, Chona Mae, Landicho, Jhoys, Demonteverde, Maria Paz, Santos, Eunice Diane, Bravo, Thea Andrea, Bourke, Siobhan, Munira, Syarifah Liza, Bieri, Franziska Angly, Li, Yuesheng S., Clements, Archie C.A., Steinmann, Peter, Halton, Kate, Stewart, Donald E., McManus, Donald P., and Gray, Darren J.

Published
2023
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34. Modelling diverse sources of Clostridium difficile in the community: importance of animals, infants and asymptomatic carriers

Author

McLure, Angus, Clements, Archie C. A., Kirk, Martyn, and Glass, Kathryn

Subjects
Quantitative Biology - Populations and Evolution
Abstract

Clostridium difficile infections (CDIs) affect patients in hospitals and in the community, but the relative importance of transmission in each setting is unknown. We developed a mathematical model of C. difficile transmission in a hospital and surrounding community that included infants, adults, and transmission from animal reservoirs. We assessed the role of these transmission routes in maintaining disease and evaluated the recommended classification system for hospital and community-acquired CDIs. The reproduction number in the hospital was <1 (range: 0.16-0.46) for all scenarios. Outside the hospital, the reproduction number was >1 for nearly all scenarios without transmission from animal reservoirs (range: 1.0-1.34). However, the reproduction number for the human population was <1 if a minority (>3.5-26.0%) of human exposures originated from animal reservoirs. Symptomatic adults accounted for <10% transmission in the community. Under conservative assumptions, infants accounted for 17% of community transmission. An estimated 33-40% of community-acquired cases were reported but 28-39% of these reported cases were misclassified as hospital-acquired by recommended definitions. Transmission could be plausibly sustained by asymptomatically colonized adults and infants in the community or exposure to animal reservoirs, but not hospital transmission alone. Underreporting of community-onset cases and systematic misclassification underplays the role of community transmission.

Published
2018

35. The role of water, sanitation and hygiene interventions in reducing soil-transmitted helminths: interpreting the evidence and identifying next steps

Author

Vaz Nery, Susana, Pickering, Amy J, Abate, Ebba, Asmare, Abraham, Barrett, Laura, Benjamin-Chung, Jade, Bundy, Donald AP, Clasen, Thomas, Clements, Archie CA, Colford, John M, Ercumen, Ayse, Crowley, Siobhan, Cumming, Oliver, Freeman, Matthew C, Haque, Rashidul, Mengistu, Birhan, Oswald, William E, Pullan, Rachel L, Oliveira, Rita G, Einterz Owen, Katey, Walson, Judd L, Youya, Ashrafedin, and Brooker, Simon J

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Prevention, Clean Water and Sanitation, Animals, Clinical Trials as Topic, Communicable Disease Control, Feces, Helminthiasis, Helminths, Humans, Hygiene, Sanitation, Schools, Soil, Water, Soil-transmitted helminths, WASH, Medical Microbiology, Public Health and Health Services, Mycology & Parasitology, Tropical Medicine, Microbiology, Medical microbiology
Abstract

The transmission soil transmitted helminths (STH) occurs via ingestion of or contact with infective stages present in soil contaminated with human faeces. It follows therefore that efforts to reduce faecal contamination of the environment should help to reduce risk of parasite exposure and improvements in water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) are seen as essential for the long-term, sustainable control of STH. However, the link between WASH and STH is not always supported by the available evidence from randomised controlled trials, which report mixed effects of WASH intervention on infection risk. This review critically summarises the available trial evidence and offers an interpretation of the observed heterogeneity in findings. The review also discusses the implications of findings for control programmes and highlights three main issues which merit further consideration: intervention design, exposure assessment, and intervention fidelity assessment.

Published
2019

37. “The Magic Glasses Philippines”: a cluster randomised controlled trial of a health education package for the prevention of intestinal worm infections in schoolchildren

Author

Mationg, Mary Lorraine S, Williams, Gail M, Tallo, Veronica L, Olveda, Remigio M, Aung, Eindra, Alday, Portia, Reñosa, Mark Donald, Daga, Chona Mae, Landicho, Jhoys, Demonteverde, Maria Paz, Santos, Eunice Diane, Bravo, Thea Andrea, Bieri, Franziska Angly, Bedford, Andrew, Li, Yuesheng, Clements, Archie C A, Steinmann, Peter, Halton, Kate, Stewart, Donald E, McManus, Donald P, and Gray, Darren J

Published
2022
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44. Estimating the impact of imported malaria on local transmission in a near elimination setting:a case study from Bhutan

Author

Wangdi, Kinley, Unwin, H. Juliette T., Penjor, Kinley, Tsheten, Tsheten, Tobgyal, Clements, Archie, Gray, Darren, Kotepui, Manas, Bhatt, Samir, Gething, Peter, Wangdi, Kinley, Unwin, H. Juliette T., Penjor, Kinley, Tsheten, Tsheten, Tobgyal, Clements, Archie, Gray, Darren, Kotepui, Manas, Bhatt, Samir, and Gething, Peter

Abstract

Background: Bhutan has achieved a substantial reduction in both malaria morbidity and mortality over the last two decades and is aiming for malaria elimination certification in 2025. However, a significant percentage of malaria cases in Bhutan are imported (acquired in another country). The aim of the study was to understand how importation drives local malaria transmission in Bhutan. Methods: Information on geo-located individual-level laboratory-confirmed malaria cases between 2016 and 2020 was obtained from the Bhutan Vector-borne Disease Control Program. Records included the date of diagnosis and treatment, type of cases classified as indigenous or imported, and malaria species. Hawkes Processes were used to study the role of imported malaria in local transmission in Bhutan. We imposed 15 days delay for a mosquito to become infectious in the model. Findings: There were 285 cases during the study period and 58.6% (159) were imported malaria. 71.1% (113) of these imported cases were Plasmodium vivax and 73.6% (117) were from India. The model suggested that a person remains infectious for 8 days for Plasmodium falciparum malaria but over 19 days for P. vivax. The background intensity from imported malaria cases was much greater for P. vivax cases (maximum 0.17) resulting in more importations than P. falciparum cases (maximum 0.06). However, model fitting suggested that local P. falciparum transmission was mainly driven by importations but additional factors such as relapse played a role for P. vivax. Interpretation: Imported malaria cases are key drivers of transmission within Bhutan, with most cases since 2016 being P. vivax. Control programmes should be devised to target interventions towards the P. vivax strain and test those who are more likely to bring in imported malaria cases or acquire it from returning travellers. Funding: None.

Published
2024

47. Relative risks of childhood developmental vulnerabilities in three Australian communities with exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances: data linkage study

Author

Law, Hsei Di, primary, Armstrong, Bruce, additional, D'este, Catherine, additional, Hosking, Rose, additional, Smurthwaite, Kayla, additional, Trevenar, Susan, additional, Lazarevic, Nina, additional, Lucas, Robyn, additional, Clements, Archie, additional, Kirk, Martyn, additional, and Korda, Rosemary, additional

Published
2024
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