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This study attempted to replicate a series of investigations by Gunter Dorner and his associates that concluded that more homosexual men are born in wartime than in times of peace. That conclusion is based on Dorner's belief that war induces stress in pregnant women and that stress causes a drop in fetal androgen levels which in turn leads to the development of a homosexual 'orientation.' The replication not only failed to support the Dorner conclusion but also found that even those cities that suffered the most severe bombing during World War II showed no evidence of increased numbers of homosexuals. The authors conclude that homosexual men can go on loving peace and getting involved in the peace movement.

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No abstract available for this article. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

In a German-Swedish coowrative study the HIVa-daptation process, its psychological sequelae and the psychosexual dilemma of homosexual HIV-positive men were investigated. The focus of this article is to highlight conflict solutions of-attitudinal conflict related to sexual behavior changes. The findings indicate that unprotected sex as well as giving up sexual behaviors that are still positively loaded are two examples of conflict solutions. It should also be noted that the conflict is at work even when the individual practices are protected or "safer" sexual behaviors. The results indicate that only referring to sexual behavior data would underestimate the potential of so-called "relapses" to unprotected sexual behaviors. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Several studies address the problem of a relapse to unsafe sexual activity among gay men, and discuss the danger of a new wave of HIV-infections. The present study analyzes psychological predictors of unprotected intercourse in a Sample of 58 HIV-positive gay men. Fifteen persons out of this sample had at least occasionally unprotected anal or oral sex with ejaculation. This group displays a characteristic psychological profile. Compared to the control group, these men (1) are more depressive, (2) have a tendency to blame themselves for being infected(3) use an avoiding coping style, and (4) trust more in external control by professionals than in internal control. A psychological interpretation is proposed that sexual behavior can be regarded as a distracting coping mechanism against expression that is used to deny the threatening reality of the infection. The need for psychotherapy for HIV-infected persons is emphasized. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Couples suffering from sexual dysfunctions were treated using three different formats: 1) two therapists, long-term; 2) one therapist, long-term; and 3) two therapists, intensive. The analysis of outcome data showed no significant differences between one vs. two therapists. There was a slight trend for better results from long-term as compared to the intensive therapy. These differences, however, were no longer evident at one-year follow-up. It is concluded that the success of couple therapy is rather independent of the format. Recommendations are made for a differential indication for the three formats. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]