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18 results on '"Clement, Lars W."'

3. Agricultural intensification and biodiversity partitioning in European landscapes comparing plants, carabids, and birds

Author

Flohre, Andreas, Fischer, Christina, Aavik, Tsipe, Bengtsson, Jan, Berendse, Frank, Bommarco, Riccardo, Ceryngier, Piotr, Clement, Lars W., Dennis, Christopher, Eggers, Sönke, Emmerson, Mark, Geiger, Flavia, Guerrero, Irene, Hawro, Violetta, Inchausti, Pablo, Liira, Jaan, Morales, Manuel B., Oñate, Juan J., Pärt, Tomas, Weisser, Wolfgang W., Winqvist, Camilla, Thies, Carsten, and Tscharntke, Teja

Published
2011

9. Landscape composition influences farm management effects on farmland birds in winter: A pan-European approach

Author

Geiger, Flavia, de Snoo, Geert R., Berendse, Frank, Guerrero, Irene, Morales, Manuel B., Oñate, Juan J., Eggers, Sönke, Pärt, Tomas, Bommarco, Riccardo, Bengtsson, Jan, Clement, Lars W., Weisser, Wolfgang W., Olszewski, Adam, Ceryngier, Piotr, Hawro, Violetta, Inchausti, Pablo, Fischer, Christina, Flohre, Andreas, Thies, Carsten, and Tscharntke, Teja

Published
2010
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10. Taxonomic and functional diversity of farmland bird communities across Europe: effects of biogeography and agricultural intensification

Author

Guerrero, Irene, Morales, Manuel B., Oñate, Juan J., Aavik, Tsipe, Bengtsson, Jan, Berendse, Frank, Clement, Lars W., Dennis, Christopher, Eggers, Sönke, Emmerson, Mark, Fischer, Christina, Flohre, Andreas, Geiger, Flavia, Hawro, Violetta, Inchausti, Pablo, Kalamees, Andres, Kinks, Riho, Liira, Jaan, Meléndez, Leandro, Pärt, Tomas, Thies, Carsten, Tscharntke, Teja, Olszewski, Adam, and Weisser, Wolfgang W.

Published
2011
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11. Divergent investment strategies of Acacia myrmecophytes and the coexistence of mutualists and exploiters

Author

Hell, Martin, Gonzalez-Teuber, Marcia, Clement, Lars W., Kautz, Stefanie, Verhaagh, Manfred, and Bueno, Juan Carlos Silva

Subjects
Ants -- Physiological aspects, Ants -- Environmental aspects, Acacia -- Physiological aspects, Acacia -- Environmental aspects, Mutualism (Biology) -- Research, Plant defenses -- Research, Science and technology
Abstract

Ant-plant interactions represent a diversity of strategies, from exploitative to mutualistic, and how these strategies evolve is poorly understood. Here, we link physiological, ecological, and phylogenetic approaches to study the evolution and coexistence of strategies in the Acacia--Pseudomyrmex system. Host plant species represented 2 different strategies. High-reward hosts produced significantly more extrafloral nectar (EFN), food bodies, and nesting space than low-reward hosts, even when being inhabited by the same species of ant mutualist. High-reward hosts were more effectively defended against herbivores and exploited to a lower extent by nondefending ants than low-reward hosts. At the phenotypic level, secretion of EFN and ant activity were positively correlated and a mutualistic ant species induced nectar secretion, whereas a nondefending exploiter did not. All of these mechanisms contribute to the stable association of high-reward hosts with defending ant species. However, exploiter ants are less dependent on the host-derived rewards and can colonize considerable proportions of the low-reward hosts. Mapping these strategies onto phylogenetic trees demonstrated that the low-reward hosts represent the derived clade within a monophyletic group of obligate ant plants and that the observed exploiter ant species evolved their strategy without having a mutualistic ancestor. We conclude that both types of host strategies coexist because of variable net outcomes of different investment--payoff regimes and that the effects of exploiters on the outcome of mutualisms can, thus, increase the diversity within the taxa involved. ant plant | cheater | extrafloral nectar | indirect defense | parasite of mutualism doi/10.1073/pnas.0904304106

Published
2009

12. Bottom-up effects of plant diversity on multitrophic interactions in a biodiversity experiment

Author

Scherber, Christoph, Eisenhauer, Nico, Weisser, Wolfgang W., Schmid, Bernhard, Voigt, Winfried, Fischer, Markus, Schulze, Ernst-Detlef, Roscher, Christiane, Weigelt, Alexandra, Allan, Eric, Beler, Holger, Bonkowski, Michael, Buchmann, Nina, Buscot, François, Clement, Lars W., Ebeling, Anne, Engels, Christof, Halle, Stefan, Kertscher, Ilona, Klein, Alexandra-Maria, Koller, Robert, König, Stephan, Kowalski, Esther, Kummer, Volker, Kuu, Annely, Lange, Markus, Lauterbach, Dirk, Middelhoff, Cornelius, Migunova, Varvara D., Milcu, Alexandru, Müller, Ramona, Partsch, Stephan, Petermann, Jana S., Renker, Carsten, Rottstock, Tanja, Sabais, Alexander, Scheu, Stefan, Schumacher, Jens, Temperton, Vicky M., and Tscharntke, Teja

Published
2010
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13. Erratum to 'Persistent negative effects of pesticides on biodiversity and biological control potential on European farmland'

Author

Geiger, Flavia, Bengtsson, Jan, Berendse, Frank, Weisser, Wolfgang W., Emmerson, Mark, Morales, Manuel B., Ceryngier, Piotr, Liira, Jaan, Tscharntke, Teja, Winqvist, Camilla, Eggers, Sönke, Bommarco, Riccardo, Pärt, Tomas, Bretagnolle, Vincent, Plantegenest, Manuel, Clement, Lars W., Dennis, Christopher, Palmer, Catherine, Oñate, Juan J., Guerrero, Irene, Hawro, Violetta, Aavik, Tsipe, Thies, Carsten, Flohre, Andreas, Hänke, Sebastian, Fischer, Christina, Goedhart, Paul W., and Inchausti, Pablo

Subjects
Biometris, Plantenecologie en Natuurbeheer, Life Science, Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation
Published
2011

14. Response of ground-nesting farmland birds to agricultural intensification across Europe: Landscape and field level management factors

Author

Guerrero, Irene, primary, Morales, Manuel B., additional, Oñate, Juan J., additional, Geiger, Flavia, additional, Berendse, Frank, additional, Snoo, Geert de, additional, Eggers, Sönke, additional, Pärt, Tomas, additional, Bengtsson, Jan, additional, Clement, Lars W., additional, Weisser, Wolfgang W., additional, Olszewski, Adam, additional, Ceryngier, Piotr, additional, Hawro, Violetta, additional, Liira, Jaan, additional, Aavik, Tsipe, additional, Fischer, Christina, additional, Flohre, Andreas, additional, Thies, Carsten, additional, and Tscharntke, Teja, additional

Published
2012
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15. Persistent negative effects of pesticides on biodiversity and biological control potential on European farmland

Author

Geiger, Flavia, primary, Bengtsson, Jan, additional, Berendse, Frank, additional, Weisser, Wolfgang W., additional, Emmerson, Mark, additional, Morales, Manuel B., additional, Ceryngier, Piotr, additional, Liira, Jaan, additional, Tscharntke, Teja, additional, Winqvist, Camilla, additional, Eggers, Sönke, additional, Bommarco, Riccardo, additional, Pärt, Tomas, additional, Bretagnolle, Vincent, additional, Plantegenest, Manuel, additional, Clement, Lars W., additional, Dennis, Christopher, additional, Palmer, Catherine, additional, Oñate, Juan J., additional, Guerrero, Irene, additional, Hawro, Violetta, additional, Aavik, Tsipe, additional, Thies, Carsten, additional, Flohre, Andreas, additional, Hänke, Sebastian, additional, Fischer, Christina, additional, Goedhart, Paul W., additional, and Inchausti, Pablo, additional

Published
2010
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17. Divergent investment strategies of Acacia myrmecophytes and the coexistence of mutualists and exploiters.

Author

HeiI, Martin, GonzáIez-Teuber, Marcia, Clement, Lars W., Kautz, Stefanie, Verhaagh, Manfred, and Bueno, Juan Carlos Silva

Subjects
ANIMAL-plant relationships, ANT behavior, HOST plants, MUTUALISM (Biology), HERBIVORES -- Environmental aspects, PLANT phenology, BIODIVERSITY
Abstract

Ant-plant interactions represent a diversity of strategies, from exploitative to mutualistic, and how these strategies evolve is poorly understood. Here, we link physiological, ecological, and phylogenetic approaches to study the evolution and coexistence of strategies in the Acacia-Pseudomyrmex system. Host plant species represented 2 different strategies. High-reward hosts produced significantly more extrafloral nectar (EFN), food bodies, and nesting space than low-reward hosts, even when being inhabited by the same species of ant mutualist. High-reward hosts were more effectively defended against herbivores and exploited to a lower extent by nondefending ants than low-reward hosts. At the phenotypic level, secretion of EFN and ant activity were positively correlated and a mutualistic ant species induced nectar secretion, whereas a nondefending exploiter did not. All of these mechanisms contribute to the stable association of high-reward hosts with defending ant species. However, exploiter ants are less dependent on the host-derived rewards and can colonize considerable proportions of the low-reward hosts. Mapping these strategies onto phylogenetic trees demonstrated that the low-reward hosts represent the derived dade within a monophyletic group of obligate ant plants and that the observed exploiter ant species evolved their strategy without having a mutualistic ancestor. We conclude that both types of host strategies coexist because of variable net outcomes of different investment-payoff regimes and that the effects of exploiters on the outcome of mutualisms can, thus, increase the diversity within the taxa involved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2009
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