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1. Proceedings of The second international workshop on eXplainable AI for the Arts (XAIxArts)

Author

Bryan-Kinns, Nick, Ford, Corey, Zheng, Shuoyang, Kennedy, Helen, Chamberlain, Alan, Lewis, Makayla, Hemment, Drew, Li, Zijin, Wu, Qiong, Xiao, Lanxi, Xia, Gus, Rezwana, Jeba, Clemens, Michael, and Vigliensoni, Gabriel

Subjects
Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, Computer Science - Human-Computer Interaction, Computer Science - Multimedia, Computer Science - Sound, Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Audio and Speech Processing
Abstract

This second international workshop on explainable AI for the Arts (XAIxArts) brought together a community of researchers in HCI, Interaction Design, AI, explainable AI (XAI), and digital arts to explore the role of XAI for the Arts. Workshop held at the 16th ACM Conference on Creativity and Cognition (C&C 2024), Chicago, USA., Comment: Proceedings of The second international workshop on eXplainable AI for the Arts (XAIxArts)

Published
2024

2. Explaining the Arts: Toward a Framework for Matching Creative Tasks with Appropriate Explanation Mediums

Author

Clemens, Michael

Subjects
Computer Science - Human-Computer Interaction
Abstract

Although explainable computational creativity seeks to create and sustain computational models of creativity that foster a collaboratively creative process through explainability, there remains little to no work in supporting designers when exploring the explanation medium. While explainable artificial intelligence methods tend to support textual, visual, and numerical explanations, within the arts, interaction mediums such as auditorial, tactile, and olfactoral may offer more salient communication within the creative process itself. Through this research, I propose a framework to assist designers of explainable user interfaces in modeling the type of interaction they wish to create using explanations., Comment: 3 pages, 1 figure, XAIxArts2023

Published
2023

8. A novel approach of targeting quaternary ammonium palmitoyl glycol chitosan nanoparticles to organs and solid tumours

Author

Smola, Clemens-Michael

Subjects
616.99
Abstract

Nanoparticles offer a potential strategy to create multi-functional delivery platforms that combine a high drug loading capacity with the ability to actively target tumours using specific ligand – receptor interactions. In this work we specifically aim to explore the possibility of creating targeted nanoparticles based on the amphiphilic polymer N-palmitoyl-N-monomethyl-N,N-dimethyl-N,N,N-trimethyl-6-O-glycochitosan (GCPQ). As proof of principle we exploit the receptor for folic acid, a cysteine rich cell surface receptor, as it constitutes a useful target for tumour-specific drug delivery as well as to create a platform for targeted drug delivery with versatile applications. GCPQ was synthesized and subsequently modified for attachment to a polyethylene glycol spacer arm bearing the targeting ligand folic acid. A fluorescent dye (Texas Red -X) was linked to the GCPQ-FA Bioconjugate for movement monitoring within the tumour’s microenvironment when using confocal microscopy and to quantify uptake capacity by flow cytometry. In vitro results clearly indicate the uptake advantages of GCPQ-FA over GCPQ by as much as 7-fold higher, when tested on receptor positive and negative cell lines and further receptor inhibition suggests that receptor-mediated endocytosis being the driving force for uptake of GCPQ-FA. Furthermore, a kinetic study gives rise to the assumption that receptor activation and internalization of the particles may take up to 4 hours for GCPQ-FA, whereas GCPQ uptake happens steadily over time. In addition, in vivo experiments undertaken with a receptor positive breast cancer comparing GCPQ and the new drug delivery platform, underline the assumptions taken from in vitro experiments and further suggest the hypothesis of successful active targeting to the surface cell receptor by showing that GCPQ-FA consistently achieves up to 25-fold higher in vivo uptake into the tumour when compared to GCPQ after 6 hours incubation, while also reducing uptake into the liver. Particle transport into the spleen was neglectable for both polymers.

Published
2020

9. Klebsiella pneumoniae manipulates human macrophages to acquire iron

Author

Philipp Grubwieser, Richard Hilbe, Clemens Michael Gehrer, Manuel Grander, Natascha Brigo, Alexander Hoffmann, Markus Seifert, Sylvia Berger, Igor Theurl, Manfred Nairz, and Günter Weiss

Subjects
macrophages, Klebsiella pneumoniae, immune metabolism, iron, transferrin, transferrin receptor, Microbiology, QR1-502
Abstract

BackgroundKlebsiella pneumoniae (KP) is a major cause of hospital-acquired infections, such as pneumonia. Moreover, it is classified as a pathogen of concern due to sprawling anti-microbial resistance. During infection, the gram-negative pathogen is capable of establishing an intracellular niche in macrophages by altering cellular metabolism. One factor critically affecting the host-pathogen interaction is the availability of essential nutrients, like iron, which is required for KP to proliferate but which also modulates anti-microbial immune effector pathways. We hypothesized, that KP manipulates macrophage iron homeostasis to acquire this crucial nutrient for sustained proliferation.MethodsWe applied an in-vitro infection model, in which human macrophage-like PMA-differentiated THP1 cells were infected with KP (strain ATCC 43816). During a 24-h course of infection, we quantified the number of intracellular bacteria via serial plating of cell lysates and evaluated the effects of different stimuli on intracellular bacterial numbers and iron acquisition. Furthermore, we analyzed host and pathogen specific gene and protein expression of key iron metabolism molecules.ResultsViable bacteria are recovered from macrophage cell lysates during the course of infection, indicative of persistence of bacteria within host cells and inefficient pathogen clearing by macrophages. Strikingly, following KP infection macrophages strongly induce the expression of the main cellular iron importer transferrin-receptor-1 (TFR1). Accordingly, intracellular KP proliferation is further augmented by the addition of iron loaded transferrin. The induction of TFR1 is mediated via the STAT-6-IL-10 axis, and pharmacological inhibition of this pathway reduces macrophage iron uptake, elicits bacterial iron starvation, and decreases bacterial survival.ConclusionOur results suggest, that KP manipulates macrophage iron metabolism to acquire iron once confined inside the host cell and enforces intracellular bacterial persistence. This is facilitated by microbial mediated induction of TFR1 via the STAT-6-IL-10 axis. Mechanistic insights into immune metabolism will provide opportunities for the development of novel antimicrobial therapies.

Published
2023
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11. A Case-Based Reasoning Approach to Plugin Parameter Selection in Vocal Audio Production

Author

Clemens, Michael, Blackburn, Nancy N., Sanghrajka, Rushit, Ali, Monthir, Gardone, M., Thomas, Shilpa, Finney, Hunter, Cardona-Rivera, Rogelio E., Goos, Gerhard, Founding Editor, Hartmanis, Juris, Founding Editor, Bertino, Elisa, Editorial Board Member, Gao, Wen, Editorial Board Member, Steffen, Bernhard, Editorial Board Member, Yung, Moti, Editorial Board Member, Keane, Mark T., editor, and Wiratunga, Nirmalie, editor

Published
2022
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12. The impact of anthracyclines in intermediate and high-risk HER2-negative early breast cancer—a pooled analysis of the randomised clinical trials PlanB and SUCCESS C

Author

de Gregorio, Amelie, Janni, Wolfgang, Friedl, Thomas W. P., Nitz, Ulrike, Rack, Brigitte, Schneeweiss, Andreas, Kates, Ronald, Fehm, Tanja, Kreipe, Hans, Christgen, Matthias, Kümmel, Sherko, Trapp, Elisabeth, Wuerstlein, Rachel, Hartkopf, Andreas, Clemens, Michael, Reimer, Toralf, Häberle, Lothar, Fasching, Peter A., Gluz, Oleg, and Harbeck, Nadia

Published
2022
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20. Pertuzumab, trastuzumab, and docetaxel for HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer (CLEOPATRA): end-of-study results from a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 study

Author

Agajanian, Richy, Ahmad, Rizvana, Aktas, Bahriye, Alencar, Victor Hugo, Amadori, Dino, Andrade, Jurandyr, André Franke, Fábio, Angiolini, Catia, Aogi, Kenjiro, Armor, Jess, Arpornwirat, Wichit, Assersohn, Laura, Audeh, William, Aulitzky, Walter, Azevedo, Sergio, Bartoli, Maria Alejandra, Batista Lopez, Norberto, Bianconi, María, Biganzoli, Laura, Birhiray, Ruemu, Bitina, Marianna, Blachy, Ron, Blackwell, Kimberly, Blanchard, Rita, Blanchet, Paulette, Boiangiu, Ion, Bower, Barbara, Brezden-Masley, Christine, Brufsky, Adam, Budde, Leanne, Caguioa, Priscilla, Calvo, Lourdes, Campone, Mario, Carroll, Robert R., Castro, Hugo, Chan, Valorie, Charu, Veena, Cinieri, Saverio, Clemens, Michael, Conejo, Emilio Alba, Côrtes, Eduardo, Coudert, Bruno, Cronemberger, Eduardo, Cubero, Daniel, Dakhil, Shaker, Daniel, Brooke, Davidson, Neville, De Fatima Gaui, Maria, De La Cruz, Susana, Del Pilar, Maria, Delgado, Gilson, Ellerton, John A., Estuardo, Cesar, Fehrenbacher, Louis, Ferrero, Jean-Marc, Flynn, Patrick J., Foszczynska-Kloda, Malgorzata, Franco, Sandra, Fujii, Hirofumi, Gallagher, Chris, Gamucci, Teresa, Giacomi, Nora, Gil I Gil, Miguel, Gonzalez Martin, Antonio, Gorbunova, Vera, Gotovkin, Eugeny, Green, Nathan, Grincuka, Elza, Grischke, Eva-Maria, Hansen, Vincent, Hargis, Jeffrey, Hauschild, Maik, Hegg, Roberto, Hendricks, Carolyn, Hermann, Robert, Hoff, Paulo, Horiguchi, Jun, Hornedo Muguiro, Javier, Iacobelli, Stefano, Inoue, Kenichi, Ismael, Gustavo, Itoh, Yoshinori, Iwata, Dr Hiroji, Jendiroba, Davi, Jochim, Rosa, Jones, Alison, Just, Marianne, Kallab, Andre, Karwal, Mark, Kashiwaba, Masahiro, Kato, Giraldo, Kaufman, Peter A., Kellokumpu-Lehtinen, Pirkko, Kirsch, Andreas, Kiselev, Igor, Klein, Paula, Kohno, Norio, Kopp, Mikhail, Kostovska-Maneva, Liljana, Kotliar, Mauricio, Kudaba, Iveta, Kümmel, Sherko, Kuroi, Katsumasa, Lacava, Juan, Latini, Luciano, Lee, Soo Chin, Lichinitser, Mikhail, Lobo, Christopher, Maintz, Christoph, Maneecahvakajorn, Jedzada, Marmé, Alexander, Martinez, Gloria, Masuda, Norikazu, Matwiejuk, Mario, Merculov, Vladimir, Michaelson, Richard, Miguel, Luis, Monroy, Hernandez, Montemurro, Filippo, Morales, Serafin, Moura, Rodrigo, Mueller, Volkmar, Mulatero, Clive, Nakagami, Kazuhiko, Nakayama, Takahiro, Neidhart, Jeff, Nguyen, An, Nishimura, Reiki, Ogata, Haruki, O'reilly, Susan, O'rourke, Timothy, Otero Reye, Douglas, Ouyang, Xuenong, Patel, Ravi, Patel, Taral, Pedrini, Jose Luiz, Pereira, Rodrigo, Perez, Alejandra, Peterson, Carol, Pienkowski, Tadeusz, Pinczowski, Helio, Polikoff, Jonathan, Polkowski, Wojciech, Price, Paola Edith, Prill, Sue, Priou, Frank, Purkalne, Gunta, Pyrhoenen, Seppo, Quackenbush, Robert, Rai, Yoshiaki, Ribelles, Nuria, Ro, Jungsil, Robinson, Anne, Robles, Robert, Rodriguez, Gladys, Roman, Laslo, Saji, Shigehira, Sanchez-Rovira, Pedro, Sato, Nobuaki, Schmidt, Marcus, Schumacher, Claudia, Senecal, Frank, Sharma, Priyanka, Shen, Zhenzhou, Shirinkin, Vadim, Simoncini, Edda, Sirisinha, Thitiya, Smith, Raymond, Sohn, Joo-Hyuk, Soldic, Zeljko, Soria, Tania, Spicer, Darcy, Srimuninnimit, Vichien, Sriuranpong, Virote, Staroslawska, Elzbieta, Stefanovski, Petar, Sunpaweravong, Patrapim, Taguchi, Julie, Takeda, Koji, Tellez-Trevilla, Gabriel, Thomas, Randall, Thomssen, Christoph, Toache, Zetina, Tokuda, Yutaka, Tomczak, Piotr, Tosello, Celia, Tsugawa, Koichiro, Tudtud, Dennis, Ueno, Takayuki, Van Eyll, Brigitte, Varela, Mirta, Vasev, Nikola, Vrbanec, Damir, Wang, Xiaojia, Wang, Liwei, Watanabe, Junichiro, Waterhouse, David, Wesenberg, Birgitta, Wheatley, Duncan, Wong, Zee Wan, Yadav, Sanjay, Yardley, Denise, Yau, Tsz-Kok, Yeo, Winnie, Ying, Cheng, Youn Oh, Do, Swain, Sandra M, Miles, David, Kim, Sung-Bae, Im, Young-Hyuck, Im, Seock-Ah, Semiglazov, Vladimir, Ciruelos, Eva, Schneeweiss, Andreas, Loi, Sherene, Monturus, Estefanía, Clark, Emma, Knott, Adam, Restuccia, Eleonora, Benyunes, Mark C, and Cortés, Javier

Published
2020
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23. Association of TILs with clinical parameters, Recurrence Score® results, and prognosis in patients with early HER2-negative breast cancer (BC)—a translational analysis of the prospective WSG PlanB trial

Author

Cornelia Kolberg-Liedtke, Gluz Oleg, Heinisch Fred, Feuerhake Friedrich, Kreipe Hans, Clemens Michael, Nuding Benno, Malter Wolfram, Reimer Toralf, Wuerstlein Rachel, Graeser Monika, Shak Steve, Nitz Ulrike, Kates Ronald, Christgen Matthias, and Harbeck Nadia

Subjects
Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), Adjuvant chemotherapy, Breast cancer, Disease-free survival, Hormone receptor status, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract

Abstract Background The presence of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes has been associated with prognosis and chemotherapy response, particularly in high-risk breast cancer subtypes. There is limited data so far as to (i) how tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) measurements correlate with genomic measurements such as the Oncotype DX Recurrence Score® and (ii) whether the survival impact of TIL measurements varies according to different adjuvant systemic therapies. Methods The WSG PlanB trial compared an anthracycline-free chemotherapy regimen (6x docetaxel/cyclophosphamide, TC) to an anthracycline-taxane sequence (4xEC followed by 4x docetaxel) in patients with intermediate-risk, HER2-negative early breast cancer (EBC). Patients with HR-positive HER2-negative EBC were further stratified to receive endocrine therapy alone vs. chemotherapy followed by endocrine therapy based on Recurrence Score results and nodal status. In this analysis, three independent observers quantified and categorized the presence of TILs among tumor samples from patients in PlanB. TIL measurements were correlated with clinical/pathological parameters and treatment outcome overall and according to the treatment arm. Results Disease-free survival (DFS) rates were significantly better (p = .04) in HR-negative patients with high vs. intermediate TIL levels and were higher in low vs. intermediate TIL patients, however with borderline significance only (p = .06). There were no significant differences among TIL categories in HR+ patients. High RS categories, HR-negative status, and high KI67 were independently and significantly associated with high TIL categories. There was no significant impact of TIL category on DFS in patients treated by endocrine therapy only; however, in patients receiving chemotherapy, DFS in the intermediate TIL category was lower than that in the other categories. Conclusion Although the presence of high TILs is associated with negative prognostic parameters such as high KI67 and HR-negative status among patients with HR-positive HER2-negative EBC, patients with high TILs show a favorable 5-year DFS in both HR-positive/HER2-negative and triple-negative breast cancer.

Published
2020
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27. Klebsiella pneumoniae manipulates human macrophages to acquire iron

Author

Grubwieser, Philipp, primary, Hilbe, Richard, additional, Gehrer, Clemens Michael, additional, Grander, Manuel, additional, Brigo, Natascha, additional, Hoffmann, Alexander, additional, Seifert, Markus, additional, Berger, Sylvia, additional, Theurl, Igor, additional, Nairz, Manfred, additional, and Weiss, Günter, additional

Published
2023
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39. Histopathological regression after neoadjuvant docetaxel, oxaliplatin, fluorouracil, and leucovorin versus epirubicin, cisplatin, and fluorouracil or capecitabine in patients with resectable gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction adenocarcinoma (FLOT4-AIO): results from the phase 2 part of a multicentre, open-label, randomised phase 2/3 trial

Author

Al-Batran, Salah-Eddin, Hofheinz, Ralf D, Pauligk, Claudia, Kopp, Hans-Georg, Haag, Georg Martin, Luley, Kim Barbara, Meiler, Johannes, Homann, Nils, Lorenzen, Sylvie, Schmalenberg, Harald, Probst, Stephan, Koenigsmann, Michael, Egger, Matthias, Prasnikar, Nicole, Caca, Karel, Trojan, Jörg, Martens, Uwe M, Block, Andreas, Fischbach, Wolfgang, Mahlberg, Rolf, Clemens, Michael, Illerhaus, Gerald, Zirlik, Katja, Behringer, Dirk M, Schmiegel, Wolff, Pohl, Michael, Heike, Michael, Ronellenfitsch, Ulrich, Schuler, Martin, Bechstein, Wolf O, Königsrainer, Alfred, Gaiser, Timo, Schirmacher, Peter, Hozaeel, Wael, Reichart, Alexander, Goetze, Thorsten O, Sievert, Mark, Jäger, Elke, Mönig, Stefan, and Tannapfel, Andrea

Published
2016
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43. Reducing chemotherapy use in clinically high-risk, genomically low-risk pN0 and pN1 early breast cancer patients: five-year data from the prospective, randomised phase 3 West German Study Group (WSG) PlanB trial

Author

Nitz, Ulrike, Gluz, Oleg, Christgen, Matthias, Kates, Ronald E., Clemens, Michael, Malter, Wolfram, Nuding, Benno, Aktas, Bahriye, Kuemmel, Sherko, Reimer, Toralf, Stefek, Andrea, Lorenz-Salehi, Fatemeh, Krabisch, Petra, Just, Marianne, Augustin, Doris, Liedtke, Cornelia, Chao, Calvin, Shak, Steven, Wuerstlein, Rachel, Kreipe, Hans H., and Harbeck, Nadia

Published
2017
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44. Nab-paclitaxel versus solvent-based paclitaxel in neoadjuvant chemotherapy for early breast cancer (GeparSepto—GBG 69): a randomised, phase 3 trial

Author

Untch, Michael, Jackisch, Christian, Schneeweiss, Andreas, Conrad, Bettina, Aktas, Bahriye, Denkert, Carsten, Eidtmann, Holger, Wiebringhaus, Hermann, Kümmel, Sherko, Hilfrich, Jörn, Warm, Mathias, Paepke, Stefan, Just, Marianne, Hanusch, Claus, Hackmann, John, Blohmer, Jens-Uwe, Clemens, Michael, Darb-Esfahani, Silvia, Schmitt, Wolfgang Daniel, Dan Costa, Serban, Gerber, Bernd, Engels, Knut, Nekljudova, Valentina, Loibl, Sibylle, and von Minckwitz, Gunter

Published
2016
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49. Efficacy and safety of nab-paclitaxel 125 mg/m2 and nab-paclitaxel 150 mg/m2 compared to paclitaxel in early high-risk breast cancer. Results from the neoadjuvant randomized GeparSepto study (GBG 69)

Author

Furlanetto, Jenny, Jackisch, Christian, Untch, Michael, Schneeweiss, Andreas, Schmatloch, Sabine, Aktas, Bahriye, Denkert, Carsten, Wiebringhaus, Hermann, Kümmel, Sherko, Warm, Mathias, Paepke, Stefan, Just, Marianne, Hanusch, Claus, Hackmann, John, Blohmer, Jens Uwe, Clemens, Michael, Costa, Serban Dan, Gerber, Bernd, Nekljudova, Valentina, Loibl, Sibylle, and von Minckwitz, Gunter

Published
2017
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