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17. Renal Denervation Reverses Hepatic Insulin Resistance Induced by High-Fat Diet

Author

Iyer, Malini S, Bergman, Richard N, Korman, Jeremy E, Woolcott, Orison O, Kabir, Morvarid, Victor, Ronald G, Clegg, Deborah J, and Kolka, Cathryn

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Nutrition, Digestive Diseases, Liver Disease, Obesity, Neurosciences, Oral and gastrointestinal, Animals, Catecholamines, Diet, High-Fat, Dogs, Gluconeogenesis, Glucose Clamp Technique, Hypoglycemia, Insulin, Insulin Resistance, Kidney, Liver, Liver X Receptors, Male, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Renin, Sympathetic Nervous System, Medical and Health Sciences, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Biomedical and clinical sciences
Abstract

Activation of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) constitutes a putative mechanism of obesity-induced insulin resistance. Thus, we hypothesized that inhibiting the SNS by using renal denervation (RDN) will improve insulin sensitivity (SI) in a nonhypertensive obese canine model. SI was measured using euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp (EGC), before (week 0 [w0]) and after 6 weeks of high-fat diet (w6-HFD) feeding and after either RDN (HFD + RDN) or sham surgery (HFD + sham). As expected, HFD induced insulin resistance in the liver (sham 2.5 ± 0.6 vs. 0.7 ± 0.6 × 10-4 dL ⋅ kg-1 ⋅ min-1 ⋅ pmol/L-1 at w0 vs. w6-HFD [P < 0.05], respectively; HFD + RDN 1.6 ± 0.3 vs. 0.5 ± 0.3 × 10-4 dL ⋅ kg-1 ⋅ min-1 ⋅ pmol/L-1 at w0 vs. w6-HFD [P < 0.001], respectively). In sham animals, this insulin resistance persisted, yet RDN completely normalized hepatic SI in HFD-fed animals (1.8 ± 0.3 × 10-4 dL ⋅ kg-1 ⋅ min-1 ⋅ pmol/L-1 at HFD + RDN [P < 0.001] vs. w6-HFD, [P not significant] vs. w0) by reducing hepatic gluconeogenic genes, including G6Pase, PEPCK, and FOXO1. The data suggest that RDN downregulated hepatic gluconeogenesis primarily by upregulating liver X receptor α through the natriuretic peptide pathway. In conclusion, bilateral RDN completely normalizes hepatic SI in obese canines. These preclinical data implicate a novel mechanistic role for the renal nerves in the regulation of insulin action specifically at the level of the liver and show that the renal nerves constitute a new therapeutic target to counteract insulin resistance.

Published
2016

23. Impaired estrogen receptor action in the pathogenesis of the metabolic syndrome

Author

Hevener, Andrea L, Clegg, Deborah J, and Mauvais-Jarvis, Franck

Subjects
Aging, Prevention, Nutrition, Estrogen, Obesity, Neurosciences, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Metabolic and endocrine, Good Health and Well Being, Animals, Energy Metabolism, Estrogen Receptor alpha, Female, Homeostasis, Humans, Insulin Resistance, Metabolic Syndrome, Motor Activity, Organ Specificity, Women's Health, Metabolic syndrome, Estrogen action, Insulin resistance, Biological Sciences, Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Endocrinology & Metabolism
Abstract

Considering the current trends in life expectancy, women in the modern era are challenged with facing menopausal symptoms as well as heightened disease risk associated with increasing adiposity and metabolic dysfunction for up to three decades of life. Treatment strategies to combat metabolic dysfunction and associated pathologies have been hampered by our lack of understanding regarding the biological underpinnings of these clinical conditions and our incomplete understanding of the effects of estrogens and the tissue-specific functions and molecular actions of its receptors. In this review we provide evidence supporting a critical and protective role for the estrogen receptor α specific form in the maintenance of metabolic homeostasis and insulin sensitivity. Studies identifying the ER-regulated pathways required for disease prevention will lay the important foundation for the rational design of targeted therapeutics to improve women's health while limiting complications that have plagued traditional hormone replacement interventions.

Published
2015

25. Difelikefalin in Black/African American Hemodialysis Patients with Moderate-to-Severe Pruritus: Post hoc Analysis of KALM-1 and KALM-2.

Author

Fishbane, Steven, Clegg, Deborah J., Lerma, Edgar V., Rastogi, Anjay, Budden, Jeffrey, Morin, Isabelle, Wen, Warren, Menzaghi, Frédérique, and Topf, Joel

Subjects
HEMODIALYSIS patients, AFRICAN Americans, ITCHING, KIDNEY failure
Abstract

Introduction: Black and African American (AA) people are over-represented in the kidney failure population; therefore, the safety and efficacy of difelikefalin in Black/AA patients was evaluated. Methods: This was a post hoc, pooled exploratory subgroup analysis of the Phase 3 KALM-1 and -2 studies. Patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD) who had moderate-to-severe chronic kidney disease-associated pruritus (CKD-aP) at enrollment were stratified into self-reported Black/AA or White subgroups. Patients were randomized (1:1) to receive intravenous (IV) difelikefalin 0.5 µg/kg or placebo for 12 weeks. Difelikefalin efficacy was assessed with validated patient-reported outcome questionnaires: 24-h Worst Itch Numerical Rating Scale (WI-NRS), 5-D itch, and Skindex‑10. Results: There were 249 (29.3%) patients from the KALM studies that self-identified as Black/AA (n = 135 difelikefalin; n = 114 placebo). Clinically meaningful (≥3-point) reduction in WI-NRS score was achieved by 47.9% of Black/AA patients with difelikefalin versus 24.6% with placebo (p < 0.001). More Black/AA patients achieved a ≥5-point 5-D itch total improvement (54.9% vs. 35.7%; p = 0.013) and a ≥15-point Skindex-10 score improvement with difelikefalin versus placebo (49.0% vs. 28.9%; p = 0.006) compared with White patients. Incidence of treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) was higher for Black/AA patients (difelikefalin: 78.5%; placebo: 70.8%) versus White patients (difelikefalin: 64.8%; placebo: 61.8%). Conclusion: In this post hoc analysis, difelikefalin was efficacious in the Black/AA population and had an acceptable safety profile. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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28. List of Contributors

Author

Abramovitz, Blaise, primary, Adu, Dwomoa, additional, Afshinnia, Farsad, additional, Agarwal, Anupam, additional, Andrews, Sarah C., additional, Appel, Gerald, additional, Bailey, James L., additional, Bakris, George L., additional, Bauer, Carolyn A., additional, Baxi, Pravir V., additional, Berns, Jeffrey S., additional, Birks, Peter, additional, Bomback, Andrew, additional, Bose, Anirban, additional, Brosius, Frank C., additional, Brown, Lee K., additional, Bushinsky, David A., additional, Busse, Laurence W., additional, Campbell, Ruth C., additional, Canney, Mark, additional, Cathro, Helen, additional, Chávez-Iñiguez, Jonathan, additional, Chawla, Lakhmir S., additional, Chen, Sheldon, additional, Chertow, Glenn M., additional, Chew, Emily Y., additional, Chonchol, Michel, additional, Clegg, Deborah J., additional, Clive, David M., additional, Clive, Pia H., additional, Cohen, Scott D., additional, Collins, Ashte' K., additional, Cooper, James E., additional, Correa-Rotter, Ricardo, additional, Cukor, Daniel, additional, Dalal, Monica, additional, Davenport, Andrew, additional, Davis, Scott, additional, Davison, Sara N., additional, Delanaye, Pierre, additional, de Zeeuw, Dick, additional, Dobre, Mirela A., additional, Drawz, Paul, additional, Ebert, Natalie, additional, Eggers, Paul, additional, Ferrè, Silvia, additional, Freedman, Barry I., additional, Furth, Susan L., additional, Gao, Bixia, additional, García-García, Guillermo, additional, Gashti, Casey N., additional, Germino, Gregory G., additional, Goldsmith, David, additional, Golestaneh, Ladan, additional, Goligorsky, Michael S., additional, Greenberg, Arthur, additional, Gregg, L. Parker, additional, Guay-Woodford, Lisa M., additional, Hamm, Lee, additional, Hart, Allyson, additional, Haselby, Danielle, additional, Hedayati, S. Susan, additional, Heerspink, Hiddo J.L., additional, Herzog, Charles A., additional, Hostetter, Thomas H., additional, House, Andrew A., additional, Hruska, Keith A., additional, Ishani, Areef, additional, Isom, Robert T., additional, James, Matthew T., additional, Jhaveri, Kenar D., additional, Johansen, Kirsten, additional, Johnson, Richard J., additional, Kang, Duk-Hee, additional, Kanno, Hiroko, additional, Kanno, Yoshihiko, additional, Karambelkar, Amrita D., additional, Karet Frankl, Fiona E., additional, Khoury, Charbel C., additional, Kimmel, Paul L., additional, Kopp, Jeffrey B., additional, Korbet, Stephen M., additional, Kruzel-Davila, Etty, additional, Kummer, Andrew, additional, LaFave, Laura, additional, Lakkis, Jay I., additional, Lerman, Lilach O., additional, Levin, Adeera, additional, Lew, Susie Q., additional, Luyckx, Valerie A., additional, Mattoo, Tej K., additional, Maynard, Sharon E., additional, McCullough, Peter A., additional, Mehrotra, Rajnish, additional, Meyer, Timothy W., additional, Mitch, William E., additional, Moe, Orson W., additional, Mohandes, Samer, additional, Moss, Alvin H., additional, Moxey-Mims, Marva, additional, Murugapandian, Sangeetha, additional, Nath, Karl A., additional, Neugarten, Joel, additional, Neyra, Javier A., additional, Nissenson, Allen R., additional, Nobakht, Ehsan, additional, Nolin, Thomas D., additional, Norris, Keith C., additional, Norton, Jenna M., additional, Nowak, Kristen L., additional, Ojo, Akinlolu O., additional, Pahl, Madeleine V., additional, Paller, Mark S., additional, Palmer, Biff F., additional, Palmer, Nicholette D., additional, Patel, Samir S., additional, Pecoits-Filho, Roberto, additional, Peitzman, Steven J., additional, Peixoto, Aldo J., additional, Pham, Phuong-Thu T., additional, Pham, Phuong-Chi T., additional, Piraino, Beth, additional, Pisoni, Roberto, additional, Rabelink, Ton, additional, Radhakrishnan, Jai, additional, Rahman, Mahboob, additional, Raj, Dominic S., additional, Ramírez-Sandoval, Juan C., additional, Rangaswami, Janani, additional, Reckelhoff, Jane F., additional, Regunathan-Shenk, Renu, additional, Reule, Scott, additional, Ronco, Claudio, additional, Rosenberg, Mark E., additional, Rosner, Mitchell H., additional, Rovin, Brad, additional, Roy-Chaudhury, Prabir, additional, Ruebner, Rebecca, additional, Rule, Andrew D., additional, Sands, Jeff M., additional, Schlanger, Lynn E., additional, Schrauben, Sarah J., additional, Seliger, Stephen, additional, Shah, Maulin, additional, Sterns, Richard H., additional, Stites, Erik, additional, Sugatani, Toshifumi, additional, Textor, Stephen C., additional, Thadhani, Ravi, additional, Thajudeen, Bijin, additional, Thakar, Surabhi, additional, Thomas, George, additional, Townsend, Raymond R., additional, Turner, Jeffrey, additional, Unruh, Mark L., additional, Urquhart, Bradley L., additional, Vassalotti, Joseph A., additional, Vaziri, Nosratola D., additional, Velasquez, Manuel T., additional, Ver Halen, Nisha, additional, Waddy, Salina P., additional, Wang, Jinwei, additional, Weber, Marc, additional, Weir, Matthew R., additional, White, Christine A., additional, Whittier, William L., additional, Williams, Matthew J., additional, Wiseman, Alexander C., additional, Wymer, David C., additional, Wymer, David T.G., additional, Yee, Jerry, additional, Zhang, Luxia, additional, Zhuang, Shougang, additional, and Ziyadeh, Fuad N., additional

Published
2020
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29. Sex, Gender, and Transgender: Metabolic Impact of Cross Hormone Therapy

Author

de Souza Santos, Roberta, Frank, Aaron P., Nelson, Michael Douglas, Garcia, Maurice M., Palmer, Biff F., Clegg, Deborah J., COHEN, IRUN R., Series Editor, LAJTHA, ABEL, Series Editor, LAMBRIS, JOHN D., Series Editor, PAOLETTI, RODOLFO, Series Editor, REZAEI, NIMA, Series Editor, and Mauvais-Jarvis, Franck, editor

Published
2017
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50. Hippocampal lipoprotein lipase regulates energy balance in rodents

Author

Picard, Alexandre, Rouch, Claude, Kassis, Nadim, Moullé, Valentine S., Croizier, Sophie, Denis, Raphaël G., Castel, Julien, Coant, Nicolas, Davis, Kathryn, Clegg, Deborah J., Benoit, Stephen C., Prévot, Vincent, Bouret, Sébastien, Luquet, Serge, Le Stunff, Hervé, Cruciani-Guglielmacci, Céline, and Magnan, Christophe

Published
2014
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