1. The effect of childhood trauma, ApoE genotype and HIV-1 viral protein R variants on change in cognitive performance.
- Author
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Womersley JS, Clauss LB, Varathan O, Engelbrecht S, Hemmings SMJ, Seedat S, and Spies G
- Subjects
- Adult, Apolipoproteins E blood, Child, Cognition physiology, Cohort Studies, Demography, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Genotype, HIV Infections complications, Humans, Neurocognitive Disorders genetics, Neurocognitive Disorders psychology, Neurocognitive Disorders virology, Neuropsychological Tests, South Africa, Surveys and Questionnaires, Adverse Childhood Experiences, Apolipoproteins E genetics, HIV Infections psychology, Neurocognitive Disorders etiology, vpr Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus blood
- Abstract
Objective: Gene-environment interactions contribute to the development of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders. We examined whether childhood trauma, apolipoprotein E isoforms and viral protein R (Vpr) variants were associated with change in cognitive performance. Seventy-three seropositive women completed neuropsychological assessments at baseline and 1-year follow-up. We conducted genetic analyses using DNA obtained from blood and calculated risk scores based on Vpr amino acid 37, 41 and 55 variants that were previously associated with cognitive performance., Results: Global cognitive scores declined significantly over the 1-year study period (p = 0.029). A reduction in global cognitive scores was associated with childhood trauma experience (p = 0.039).
- Published
- 2019
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