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The non-effective incorporation of the necessary human resources after the sanction of the Brazilian Public Health System, denominated as SUS, resulted in the persistence of historical lacks of specifically qualified people to meet the demands of the new services proposed, considering the implementation and administration of these services. This research made use of questionnaires answered between February and March of 2006 by the health professionals in the Brazilian city of João Pessoa, located in the state of Paraíba, who work for the Family Health System Program, denominated PSF. This study ́s objective was to verify their real perception of the PSF, considering the new guidelines for actions demanded by the Human Resources Program of SUS for the PSF. An initial credibility of the health professionals on the present management of the proposed Program was noticed. They also showed a favorable view towards a positive perspective of the implementation of the program due to the fact that the health professionals were taking into account the necessary qualification of human resources demanded by the Program ́s guidelines. The inadequate working conditions; the new professional profile imposed by the PSF; the low inter-relation between teaching and services; the insufficient training; the non-complete evaluations and the low impact of the Program on the population ́s health indicated a incompatibility between the initial expectations of the professionals considered in this study, imposing the mixture of old and new demands of the health Brazilian programs, in order to recognize the strategic role of these demands in the offer and quality of health services.